Shivneri Fort ( known as Killa ) (Marathi pronunciation: [ʃiʋneɾiː] ) is an ancient military fortification located near Junnar in Pune district in Maharashtra , India . It is the birthplace of Shivaji , the founder of Maratha Kingdom .
13-509: Tulja Caves ( Tulja Lena ) are located beyond the Shivneri hill, about 4 km to the west of Junnar , India . Other caves surrounding the city of Junnar are: Manmodi Caves , Shivneri Caves and Lenyadri caves . The cave has circular Chaitya hall surrounded by twelve octagonal pillars around Stupa . These caves are one of the earliest caves of Junnar , excavated around 50 B.C. This Buddhist cave group consist of 14 cave. Cave No 4
26-467: Is also one of Ashtavinayak temple in Maharashtra. It has been declared as a protected monument. The nearest town Junnar is a taluka place and is well connected by road. Junnar is about 90 km from Pune . The fort is at about 2–3 km from the junnar town. It is easy to reach the fort top via main entrance; however, the trekkers with proper climbing equipment can try the chain route which
39-493: Is one of the many gates of the fort. Its also called the origin of Tune. At the centre of the fort is a water pond which is called 'Badami Talav', and to the south of this pond are statues of Jijabai and a young Shiva. In the fort there are two water springs, called Ganga and Yamuna , which have water throughout the year. Two kilometers away from this fort there are the Buddhist rock-cut caves, called Lenyadri caves, which
52-421: Is used as a temple of goddess Tulja Devi . The Tulja Lena caves lie in a hill about a mile and a half or two miles north-west from Junnar , beyond the north end of Sivaneri hill. They owe their name to a shrine of Tulja Devi , a form of Bhavani , the consort of Shiva (see Tulja Bhavani Temple ). The caves run along the face of the cliff nearly from south-east to north-west, facing about south-west, but all
65-674: The British rule in 1819 after the Third Anglo-Maratha War . In 2021, it was added to the tentative list of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee as part of "Serial Nomination of Maratha Military Architecture in Maharashtra". Shivneri Fort is a hill fort having a triangular shape and has its entrance from the South-west side of the hill. Apart from the main gate there is an entrance to
78-710: The "rail ornament" and quadrantal carved roll supported by slender brackets in entire relief, as at the Bhaja Caves . In the Mumbai area: In the Junnar area: Shivneri Shivneri got its name as it was under the possession of the Yadavas of Devagiri . This fort was mainly used to guard the old trading route from Desh to the port city of Kalyan . The place passed on to the Bahmani Sultanate after
91-400: The façades have fallen away. They consist of a number of cells and two small viharas , with a Chaitya cave of a form quite unique. It is circular in plan, 25 feet 6 inches across, with a dagoba in the centre, 8 feet 2 inches in diameter, surrounded by twelve plain octagonal shafts 11 feet in height, supporting a dome over the dagoba. The surrounding aisle is roofed by a half arch rising from
104-441: The fort from side called locally as the chain gate , where in one has to hold chains to climb up to the fort gate. The fort extends up to 1 mile (1.6 km) with seven spiral well-defended gates. There are mud walls all around the fort. Inside the fort, the major buildings are the prayer hall, a tomb and a mosque. There is an overhanging where executions took place. There are many gates structures protecting this fort. Maha Darvaja
117-402: The fort is a small temple dedicated to goddess Shivai Devi (some accounts gives us information that name shivaji came from the name of the fort i.e. Shivneri), after whom Shivaji was named. The English traveller Fraze visited the fort in 1673 and found it invincible. According to his accounts, the fort was well-stocked to feed thousand families for seven years. The fort came under the control of
130-541: The front of one of the cells to the north-east of this are left some Chaitya-window ornamentation, a larger one over where the door has been, the inner arch of which is filled with knotted ribbons etc..., similar to what is over the Chaitya-cave door at the Nasik Caves , while the front of the arch is carved with flowers. On each side of this is a smaller arch; and farther to the left is a dagoba in half relief with
143-402: The umbrella or chhatri over it, on each side a Gandharva or Kinnara above, and a male figure below, that to the right attended by a female, but all of them weatherworn. Over all is a projecting frieze carved on front with the "Buddhist rail pattern". Next to these are two more plain fronts, and then two with Chaitya-window heads over where the doors have been, and smaller ones between, and
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#1732783477291156-416: The wall to the upper side of an architrave 7 or 8 inches deep over the pillars. The dagoba is perfectly plain, but its capital has been hewn off to convert it into a huge linga of Shiva , and even the dome is much hacked into, while some of the pillars have been notched and others broken. In front of this cave and the one on each side of it is a platform built by the modern devotees of Tulja Devi. Over
169-544: The weakening of Delhi Sultanate during the 15th century and it then passed on to the Ahmadnagar Sultanate in the 16th century. In 1595, a Maratha chief named Maloji Bhosale , the grandfather of Shivaji Bhosale , was ennobled by the Ahmadnagar Sultan, Bahadur Nizam Shah and he gave him Shivneri and Chakan . Shivaji was born at the fort on 19 February 1630, and spent his childhood there. Inside
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