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70-778: It was built in 1932; the architect was Leland I Shumway. The building is in the PWA Art Deco style, built of blond brick with terra cotta ornamentation, and is considered one of the prime examples of Art Deco architecture in Tulsa . It was home to the Tulsa Golden Hurricane men's basketball team from 1947 until the opening of the Tulsa Convention Center in 1964, the Tulsa Oilers Central Hockey League team in

140-477: A broader approach to art, literature, and lifestyle. Vienna Secession influenced not only movements but also particular architects, e.g. Russian Illarion Ivanov-Schitz who created his own unique style on its base. From the mid-1890s onwards, Mintons in England made major contributions to Art Nouveau ceramics, many designed by Marc-Louis Solon's son Leon Solon and his colleague John Wadsworth . Leon Solon

210-580: A fine-arts society with the goal of reforming the applied arts (arts and crafts). In 1907, Wiener Werkstätte and Hoffmann personally became founding members of Deutscher Werkbund . After the founding of the Wiener Werkstätte, it was above all the organisation of the world exhibition in St. Louis in 1904 that sparked differences in the Secession. This failed exhibition led to fierce opposition within

280-764: A notable Art Deco mural called Flight, which was destroyed and then restored in the 1980s. Union Station in Los Angeles was partially designed by John Parkinson and Donald B. Parkinson (the Parkinsons) who had also designed Los Angeles City Hall and other landmark Los Angeles buildings. The structure combines Art Deco , Mission Revival , and Streamline Moderne style, with architectural details such as eight-pointed stars, and even elements of Dutch Colonial Revival architecture . The Art Deco period saw an enormous increase in travel and tourism, by trains, automobiles, and airplanes. Several luxury hotels were built in

350-629: A small portion of the Beethoven Frieze by Gustav Klimt . The extract from the painting features three figures: a knight in armor representing Armed Strength, one woman in the background symbolizing Ambition and holding up a wreath of victory, and a second woman representing Sympathy with lowered head and clasped hands. On the obverse side of the Austrian 50 euro-cent coin , the Vienna Secession Building figures within

420-567: A striking use of new materials, such reinforced concrete and aluminum, and a minimum of decoration on the facade or inside. The work of Josef Hoffmann also showed a gradual transition away from floral designs and curving lines. His best-known building, the Stoclet Palace in Brussels, had a tower of stacked cubic forms, minimum ornament on the facade, and an interior of right angles and geometric designs. The only Art Nouveau elements were

490-537: Is a classic surviving example. Following the lead of the skyscrapers of New York City, smaller in scale but no less ambitious in design, Art Deco office buildings and department stores appeared in cities across the United States. They were rarely built by banks, which wanted to appear conservative, but were often built by retail chains, public utilities, automobile companies and technology companies, which wanted to express modernity and progress. Syracuse, New York

560-559: Is home to the Niagara Mohawk Building , in Syracuse, New York , completed in 1932. was originally the home of the nation's largest electricity supplier. The facade, by the firm of Bley and Lyman, was designed to express the power and modernity of electricity; it features a statue called "The Spirit of Light" 8.5 meters high, made of stainless steel, as the central element of the facade. The Guardian Building , originally

630-488: Is known as House with medallions because of its decor of gilded stucco medallions by Wagner's student and frequent collaborator, Koloman Moser. The most ornate earlier decoration was removed but later restored. During this period, Otto Wagner also built extraordinarily stylized stations for the new Vienna urban transport system, the Stadtbahn , which also became the symbols of the Secession style. The most famous of these

700-671: Is the Karlsplatz Stadtbahn Station in the center of Vienna, Joseph Maria Olbrich was his collaborator for this project. The style of these buildings marked a transition toward more geometric forms, and the beginnings of modernism. Wagner's later buildings built after 1899, including the Church of St. Leopold (1902–1907) and especially the Austrian Postal Savings Bank (1903–1906, extended at 1910–12), had straight lines and geometric forms,

770-420: Is the issue at stake in our Secession. It is not a debate over aesthetics, but a confrontation between two different spiritual states." In the beginning, the Secession had fifty members, and at its first gathering elected the painter Gustav Klimt as its president. Other founding or early members included the architect Josef Hoffmann, the designer Koloman Moser, the designer and architect Joseph Maria Olbrich, and

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840-638: Is the movie theater. The Art Deco period coincided with the birth of the talking motion picture, and the age of enormous and lavishly decorated movie theaters. Many of these movie theaters still survive, though many have been divided in the interior into smaller screening halls. Among the most famous examples are the Paramount Theatre in Oakland, California , which had a four-story high grand lobby, entered through twenty-seven doors, and could seat 3,746 people. Radio City Music Hall , located within

910-462: Is veneer. He designed the "Art Case" piano for Steinway & Sons company. He also created a number of other furniture pieces in this style, including a humidor (cigar storage). There was no specific Art Deco style of painting in the United States, though paintings were often used as decoration, especially in government buildings and office buildings. In the 1932 the Public Works of Art Project

980-681: The 2014–15 season , the team's last. It was also used as the venue for UFC 4 , which was held on December 16, 1994. The Grateful Dead played its only Tulsa concert ever there on February 6, 1979. Currently, it is used for numerous events throughout the year, including the annual Akdar Shrine Circus . This article about a sports venue in Oklahoma is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . PWA Moderne The Art Deco style, which originated in France just before World War I , had an important impact on architecture and design in

1050-1282: The Administration Building for the City of Grand Forks at the Grand Forks Airport (built 1941–43) in North Dakota, the Municipal Auditorium and City Hall (Leoti, Kansas) (built 1939–42) in Kansas, and the Kearney National Guard Armory in Nebraska. (See Category:WPA Moderne architecture ). Relative to the Public Works Administration , which terminated in 1944, the Works Progress Administration program, terminated in 1943, focused on smaller, often rural, projects providing employment. Vienna Secession The Vienna Secession (German: Wiener Secession ; also known as

1120-547: The Austrian Secession , Art Nouveau , Cubism , and the ornament of African and Central and South American cultures. American Art Deco architecture took different forms in different regions of the country, influenced by the local tastes, cultural influences, or laws. In the 1920s, the style was often referred to as the "vertical style", referring to the new look of skyscrapers appearing in America's cities. In

1190-579: The RCA Victor Building , now the General Electric Building, by John Walter Cross . It was covered from top to bottom with zig-zags and geometric patterns, and had a highly ornamental crown with geometric spires and lightning bolts of stone. The exterior featured bas-relief sculptures by Leo Friedlander and Lee Lawrie , and a mosaic by Barry Faulkner that required more than a million pieces of enamel and glass. While

1260-770: The San Francisco Maritime Museum (1936), originally built as a public bath house next to the beach, and the Pan-Pacific Auditorium in Los Angeles, built in 1935 and closed in 1978. It was declared a historic landmark, but it was destroyed by a fire in 1989. The style of decoration and industrial design was influenced by modern aerodynamic principles developed for aviation and ballistics to reduce air friction at high velocities. The bullet shapes were applied by designers to cars, trains, ships, and even objects not intended to move, such as refrigerators , gas pumps , and buildings. One of

1330-585: The Secession Building to display the art of Klimt and the members of the group, and also by foreign artists, including Max Klinger, Eugène Grasset , Charles Rennie Mackintosh , and Arnold Böcklin . Josef Hoffmann became the principal designer of exhibitions at the Secession House. The dome and stylized facade became a symbol of the movement. A group of artists including Koloman Moser, Othmar Schimkowitz , Jože Plečnik , and others, under

1400-594: The Union of Austrian Artists or Vereinigung Bildender Künstler Österreichs ) is an art movement, closely related to Art Nouveau , that was formed in 1897 by a group of Austrian painters, graphic artists, sculptors and architects, including Josef Hoffman , Koloman Moser , Otto Wagner and Gustav Klimt . They resigned from the Association of Austrian Artists in protest against its support for more traditional artistic styles. Their most influential architectural work

1470-449: The Works Progress Administration (WPA). The style draws from traditional motifs such as Beaux-Arts classicism and Art Deco and is similar to Streamline Moderne , often with zigzag ornamentation added. The structures reflect a greater use of conservative and classical elements and have a monumental feel. They include post offices, train stations, public schools, libraries, civic centers, courthouses, museums, bridges, and dams across

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1540-610: The 1920s and 1930s, particularly attracting visitors from the Northeast United States during the winter. A large number of Art Deco hotels were built, which have been grouped together into an historical area, the Miami Beach Architectural District , and preserved, and many have been restored to their original appearance. The district has an area of about one square kilometer, and contains both hotels and secondary residences, all about

1610-454: The 1930s and 40s, more horizontal, streamlined or "moderne" buildings became popular. Government buildings commissioned by the Works Progress Administration , with their fusion of moderne and classical elements, are called "WPA Moderne" or "Modern classic". The Art Deco style had been born in Paris , but no buildings were permitted in that city which were higher than Notre Dame Cathedral with

1680-804: The 1983–84 season and the Tulsa 66ers , of the NBA Development League , until they moved to the SpiritBank Event Center in 2008. The Tulsa Roughnecks of the NASL used it for indoor soccer until the league's demise in 1984. The Tulsa Crude of the United States Hockey League played there in 2001 and 2002 before folding. It was home to the Tulsa Revolution of MASL for the latter portion of

1750-469: The 30s and 40s often combined elements of neoclassical, Beauxs-Arts, and Art Deco. This style is called PWA Moderne , Federal Moderne, Depression Moderne, Classical Moderne, Stripped Classicism , or Greco Deco. These building-scale New Deal artworks were built during and shortly after the Great Depression as part of relief projects sponsored by the Public Works Administration (PWA) and

1820-544: The America's most famous artists, including Grant Wood , Reginald Marsh , Georgia O'Keeffe and Maxine Albro took part in the program. The celebrated Mexican painter Diego Rivera also took part in the program, painting a mural. The paintings were in a variety of styles, including regionalism , social realism , and American scenic painting. A few murals were also commissioned for Art Deco skyscrapers, notably Rockefeller Center in New York. Two murals were commissioned for

1890-578: The Art Deco atmosphere. Because of its high cost of construction, Art Deco was usually used only in large office buildings, government buildings and theaters, but it was sometimes used in smaller structures, such as diners and gas stations, particularly along highways. A notable example is the U-Drop Inn in Shamrock, Texas , located along U.S. Highway 66 . It was built in 1936, and is now owned by

1960-694: The City of Shamrock, and is an historical landmark. In the late 1930s and early 1940s, a number of diners modeled after the cars of streamlined trains were produced, and appeared in different cities in the United States. In a few cases, real railroad cars were transformed into diners. A few survive, including the Modern Diner in Pawtucket, Rhode Island which is a registered landmark. The art deco style also lended itself well to furniture. Consistent with many other household objects and buildings, furniture during this period became simplified, yet pleasing to

2030-485: The Secession Building. In its current form, the Secession exhibition gallery is independently led and managed by artists. The Vienna Secession was founded on 3 April 1897 by artist Gustav Klimt, designer Koloman Moser, architects Josef Hoffmann and Joseph Maria Olbrich, Max Kurzweil , Wilhelm Bernatzik and others. The architect Otto Wagner joined the group shortly after it was founded. The goals stated at

2100-614: The Secession purchase the Gallery, as an outlet for its work. This was supported by Klimt, Wagner, Hoffmann, Moser, and others. The issue was put to a vote by the members, and Klimt and his supporters lost by a single vote. On 14 June 1905, Klimt, Hoffmann, Moser and a group of other artists resigned from the Secession. The following year, Klimt formed the group called Kunstschau (Art Show) or Klimtgruppe (Klimt group), which also included Moll and Otto Wagner, among other important Austrian artists. The Secession continued to function after

2170-613: The Union Trust Building, is a rare example of a bank or financial institution using Art Deco. Its interior decoration was so elaborate that it became known as the "Cathedral of Commerce". The San Francisco architect Timothy L. Pflueger best known for the Paramount Theatre in Oakland, California, was another proponent of lavish Art Deco interiors and facades on office buildings. The interior of his downtown San Francisco office building, 450 Sutter Street , opened in 1929,

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2240-559: The United States in the 1920s and 1930s. The most notable examples are the skyscrapers of New York City , including the Empire State Building , Chrysler Building , and Rockefeller Center . It combined modern aesthetics, fine craftsmanship, and expensive materials, and became the symbol of luxury and modernity. While rarely used in residences, it was frequently used for office buildings, government buildings, train stations, movie theaters, diners and department stores. It also

2310-552: The Vienna Secession. Leopold Forstner was in important artist in this domain, working closely with Otto Wagner and other architects. He designed the windows for the Austrian Postal Savings Bank, one of the landmarks of the Vienna Secession style, and also for the St. Charles Borromeo Cemetery Church , the most notable of Vienna Secession churches. Another notable figure in Secession glass art

2380-640: The Viennese public. With the help of a network of art dealers such as Paul Cassirer, Durand-Ruel and Bernheim-Jeune and the support of the delegate of the Vienna Secession in Paris François-Rupert Carabin works by Bonnard, Degas, Denis, Manet, Monet, Morisot, Pissarro, Renoir, Sisley, Toulouse-Lautrec, Valloton, Vuillard etc. were presented in the Vienna Secession between 1899 and 1903. The 14th Secession exhibition in 1902, designed by Josef Hoffmann and dedicated to Ludwig van Beethoven ,

2450-609: The War, Hoffmann rejoined the Vienna Secession, the artistic movement from which he, Klimt and Wagner had dramatically quit in 1905. He was elected President of the Secession from 1948 to 1950. The Secession continues to function today, holding regular exhibitions in the Secession Hall. Along with painters and sculptors, several prominent architects were associated with the Vienna Secession, most notably Joseph Maria Olbrich, Otto Wagner and Josef Hoffmann. In 1897–98 Olbrich designed

2520-757: The Wiltern Theater. Because the art deco style is known for its simplicity and lack of ornament, it is also a significantly less costly design. Wirt Rowland, another furniture artist of this period, is known better for his creation of the Guardian Building in Detroit. He designed every bit of furniture within the rooms as well. Frank Pollaro, known best for his creation of the Muppet Marquetry Desk, specialized in recreating French art deco furniture. His preferred material to work with

2590-416: The association. An important division soon emerged inside the Secession between those who wished to give precedence to the painters and the traditional fine arts, and others, including Klimt, Hoffmann, Wagner, Moser and others who favored equal treatment for the decorative arts. This dispute came to a head in 1905 when Miethke Gallery's artistic consultant (and a painter himself), Carl Moll , proposed that

2660-467: The costume designs of Léon Bakst for the Ballets Russes , and in the catalogs of the fashion designers Paul Poiret . The illustrations of Georges Barbier , and Georges Lepape and the images in the fashion magazine La Gazette du bon ton perfectly captured the elegance and sensuality of the style. In the 1920s, the look changed; the fashions stressed were more casual, sportive and daring, with

2730-599: The country. Banks were also built in the style because such buildings radiated authority. The architecture frequently expressed itself in a rather severe Greco-Roman facade decorated with deco styles shallow reliefs and/or deco styled interior decoration featuring murals , tile mosaics and sculpture. A common motif among this architecture is the use of stylized or simplified pilasters . Typical elements of PWA Moderne buildings include: Examples of PWA buildings and structures include: WPA Moderne has been used to describe restrained architecture at historic places such as

2800-518: The creation of an exhibit space which would introduce international artists and art movements to Vienna. The architect was Joseph Maria Olbrich, a student of Otto Wagner; and his domed gallery building, with a sculptural frieze over the entrance, in the center of Vienna, became the symbol of the movement. It was the first dedicated gallery of contemporary art in the city. This helped make the French Impressionists and others familiar to

2870-499: The decline of railroad travel, most of the building was converted to other uses, including the Cincinnati Museum Center, though it is still used as an Amtrak station. The Marine Air Terminal at LaGuardia Airport , built in 1939, was the first terminal for overseas flights from New York; it served the flying boats of Pan American World Airways which landed in the harbor. It survived destruction, and still contains

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2940-502: The departure of Klimt, Hoffmann, Wagner and their supporters, giving regular exhibitions in the Secession building, but they lacked the originality and excitement of the earlier period. The designer Peter Behrens became a member of the Secession in 1938. Under the regime of the Nazi Party the Secession building was destroyed as a symbol of degenerate art , but was faithfully reconstructed following World War II . In 1945, following

3010-544: The direction of architect Otto Wagner, decorated two apartment buildings Wagner designed; the Linke Wienzeile Buildings in 1898–1899. The building at Linke Wienzeile 40 is known as Majolikahaus or Majolica House. Its facade is entirely covered with majolica , or colorful fired clay tiles in floral designs. The Art Nouveau ornaments of its facade was done by his student Alois Ludwig  [ de ] . The other building, Linke Wienzeile 38 ,

3080-647: The exception of the Eiffel Tower . As a result, the United States soon took the lead in building tall buildings. The first skyscrapers had been built in Chicago in the 1880s in the Beaux-Arts or neoclassical style. In the 1920s, New York City architects used the new Art Deco style to build the Chrysler Building and the Empire State Building . The Empire State building was the tallest building in

3150-472: The eye. This included metal bars as chair support, rounded feet, and decorated edges, all coming together to create a complex simplicity. There were many furniture designers during this period including Kem Webber, Wirt Rowland, and some who continue to use the style later on, including Frank Pollaro. Kem Webber is known for designing the furniture in the Warner Brother's Wester Theater, now known as

3220-517: The facade could be efficiently cleaned with the use of fire hoses. Art Nouveau is called after Vienna Secession in languages of former Austro-Hungary : Hungarian : szecesszió , Czech : secese , Slovak : secesia , Polish : secesja , Serbian сецесија, Croatian secesija . Vienna Secession also influenced the Polish movement Młoda Polska (Young Poland), that was also inclusive of other than Art Nouveau artistic styles and encompassed

3290-607: The first production vehicles in this style was the Chrysler Airflow of 1933. It was unsuccessful commercially, but the beauty and functionality of its design set a precedent; streamline moderne meant modernity. It continued to be used in car design well after World War II. Art Deco was often associated with airplanes, trains and airships and was frequently chosen as the style for new transport terminals. The semi-dome of Cincinnati Union Terminal (1933) measures 180 feet (55 m) wide and 106 feet (32 m) high. After

3360-630: The founding included establishing contact and an exchange of ideas with artists outside Austria, disputing artistic nationalism, renewing the decorative arts; creating a "total art", that unified painting, architecture, and the decorative arts; and, in particular, opposing the domination of the official Vienna Academy of the Arts, the Vienna Künstlerhaus , and official art salons, with its traditional orientation toward Historicism . The movement took its name from Munich Secession movement that

3430-590: The goddess of grain and fertility, at the top of the Chicago Board of Trade . Made of aluminum, it stands 31 feet (9.4 meters) tall, and weighs 6,500 pounds. Ceres was chosen because the Chicago Board of Trade was one of the largest grain and commodities markets in the world. The Art Deco style appeared early in the graphic arts, in the years just before World War I. It appeared in Paris in the posters and

3500-586: The lobby, one by John Steuart Curry and another, Man at the Crossroads , by Diego Rivera. The owners of the building, the Rockefeller family, discovered that Rivera, a Communist, had slipped an image of Lenin into a crowd in the painting, and had it destroyed. The mural was replaced with another by the Spanish artist José Maria Sert . One of the largest Art Deco sculptures is the statue of Ceres ,

3570-400: The movement, in 1902, the architect Otto Wagner designed chairs using modern materials, including aluminum, combined with wood, to match the architecture of his Austrian Postal Savings Bank building. In 1905 Josef Hoffmann produced an adjustable-backed chair which reflected the more geometric forms of the late Secession. Glass, particularly stained glass windows, played a significant part in

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3640-507: The murals by Gustav Klimt. The Stoclet Palace best illustrated Hoffmann's transition from Art Nouveau toward modernism. Secession architects often designed furniture to accompany their architectural projects, along with carpets, lamps, wallpaper, and even bathroom fixtures and even towels. The furniture presented by the Secession at the 1900 Paris Universal Exposition was particularly praised, and won international attention for its creators, including Else Unger and Emilio Zago. Later in

3710-495: The name Art Deco would be drawn retroactively ( Exposition internationale des arts déco ratifs et industriels modernes ). The United States did not officially participate, but Americans—including New York City architect  Irwin Chanin and others —visited the exposition, and the government sent a delegation to the expo. Their resulting reports helped spread the style to America. Other influences included German expressionism ,

3780-427: The new style; the Waldorf-Astoria on Park Avenue in New York City, built in 1929 to replace a beaux-arts style building from the 1890s, was the tallest and largest hotel in the world when it was built. The city of Miami Beach, Florida developed its own particular variant of Art Deco, and the style remained popular there until the late 1940s, well after other American cities. It became a popular tourist destination in

3850-400: The painters Max Kurzweil and Alphonse Mucha , who resided in Paris and was already famous for his Art Nouveau posters. The established painter Rudolf von Alt , eighty-five years old, was chosen as the Honorary President of the group, and he led a delegation with an invitation to the Emperor Franz-Joseph to attend the first Exposition. The first architectural project of the Secession was

3920-411: The period with the modernist architecture , and came to an abrupt end in 1939 with the beginning of World War II. The style was rediscovered in the 1960s, and many of the original buildings have been restored and are now historical landmarks. American Art Deco has roots in the style moderne popularized at the 1925 International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts , Paris , from which

3990-485: The same height, none higher than twelve or thirteen stories. Most have classic Art Deco characteristics; clear geometric shapes spread out horizontally; aerodynamic streamline features; and often a central tower breaking the horizontal, topped by a spire or dome. A particular Miami Art Deco feature is the palette of pastel colors, alternating with white stucco. The decoration features herons, sea shells, palm trees and sunrises and sunsets. The neon lighting at night highlights

4060-418: The skyscraper Art Deco style was mostly used for corporate office buildings, it also became popular for government buildings, since all city offices could be contained in one building on a minimal amount of land. The city halls of Los Angeles, California and Buffalo, New York were built in the style, and the new state capital building in Baton Rouge, Louisiana . Another important genre of Art Deco buildings

4130-419: The skyscraper complex of Rockefeller Center in New York City, was originally a theater for stage shows when it opened in 1932, but it quickly changed to the largest movie theater in the United States. It seats more than five thousand people, and still features a stage show of dancers. In the 1930s, the streamline style appeared in movie theaters in smaller cities. The movie theater in Normal, Illinois (1937)

4200-530: The woman models usually smoking cigarettes. American fashion magazines such as Vogue , Vanity Fair and Harper's Bazaar quickly picked up the new style and popularized it in the United States. It also influenced the work of American book illustrators such as Rockwell Kent . In the 1930s a new genre of posters appeared in the United States during the Great Depression. The Federal Art Project hired American artists to create posters to promote tourism and cultural events. Government and public buildings of

4270-399: The world for forty years. The decoration of the interior and exterior of the skyscrapers was classic Art Deco, with geometric shapes and zigzag patterns. The Chrysler Building, by William Van Alen (1928–30), updated the traditional gargoyles on Gothic cathedrals with sculptures on the building corners in the shape of Chrysler radiator ornaments. Another major landmark of the style was

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4340-399: Was Johann Loetz Witwe, who made a striking series of iridescent vases which won a gold medal at the 1900 Paris Exposition. Mosaics of ceramic tiles were another important element of the Vienna Secession style. They were used to decorate both building facades and interiors. Otto Wagner used them to decorate the Majolika House, where they served both as decoration and for a practical purpose;

4410-413: Was aimed at a broad market. The range concentrated on items bought singly or in pairs, such as jugs or vases, rather than full table services. The Secession movement was selected as the theme for an Austrian commemorative coin: the 100 euro Secession commemorative coin minted on 10 November 2004. On the obverse side there is a view of the Secession exhibition hall in Vienna. The reverse side features

4480-415: Was created to give work to artists unemployed because the Great Depression. In a year, it commissioned more than fifteen thousand works of art. It was succeeded in 1935 by the Federal Arts Project of the Works Progress Administration , or WPA. prominent American artists were commissioned by the Federal Art Project to paint murals in government buildings, hospitals, airports, schools and universities. Some

4550-524: Was entirely covered with hieroglyphic-like designs and ornament, resembling a giant tapestry. Streamline Moderne (or Streamline) was a variety of Art Deco which emerged during the mid-1930s. The architectural style was more sober and less decorative than earlier Art Deco buildings, more in tune with the somber mood of the Great Depression. Buildings in the style often resembled land-bound ships, with rounded corners, long horizontal lines, iron railings, and sometimes nautical features. Notable examples include

4620-425: Was especially famous. A statue of Beethoven by Max Klinger stood at the center, with Klimt's Beethoven Frieze mounted around it. The Klimt frieze has been restored and can be seen in the gallery today. In 1899, Olbrich left Vienna to join the Darmstadt Artists' Colony . In 1900, he obtained Hessian citizenship and did not work in Austria again. In 1903, Hoffmann and Moser founded the Wiener Werkstätte as

4690-464: Was founded in 1892. The goals of the new movement in Vienna were expressed by the literary critic Hermann Bahr in the first issue of the new journal begun by the group, called Ver Sacrum ("Sacred Spring"). Bahr wrote, "Our art is not a combat of modern artists against those of the past, but the promotion of the arts against the peddlers who pose as artists and who have a commercial interest in not letting art bloom. The choice between commerce and art

4760-439: Was frequently used in furniture, and in the design of automobiles, ocean liners, and everyday objects such as toasters and radio sets. In the late 1930s, during the Great Depression , it featured prominently in the architecture of the immense public works projects sponsored by the Works Progress Administration and the Public Works Administration , such as the Golden Gate Bridge and Hoover Dam . The style competed throughout

4830-431: Was hired by Mintons after his work was published in the hugely influential design magazine The Studio and he worked for the company from 1895 to 1905, including a brief stint as Art Director. Solon introduced designs influenced by the Vienna Secession, and a range in earthenware made from about 1901 to 1916 was branded as "Secessionist Ware". It was made mostly using industrial techniques that kept it relatively cheap, and

4900-498: Was the Secession exhibitions hall designed by Joseph Maria Olbrich as a venue for expositions of the group. Their official magazine was called Ver Sacrum ( Sacred Spring , in Latin), which published highly stylised and influential works of graphic art. In 1905 the group itself split, when some of the most prominent members, including Klimt, Wagner, and Hoffmann, resigned in a dispute over priorities, but it continued to function, and still functions today, from its headquarters in

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