In Spain , the legislative definition of agency is regulated in Law 40/2015, of October 1, on the Legal Regime of the Public Sector. Unlike other countries, in Spain only the executive branch has agencies and any need of any of the other branches is covered by the executive.
18-574: The Instituto de Turismo de España – Turespaña (Tourism Institute of Spain) is the official agency of the Government of Spain responsible for the marketing of the country as a tourist destination throughout the world. It depends on the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Tourism through the Secretary of State for Tourism . The Instituto Nacional de Promoción del Turismo (INPROTUR) was created by
36-892: A recognition rate that in Europe approached 90% of the population at times. List of agencies in Spain There is not a single definition of what is considered an agency in Spain because, on the one hand, there are three types of public agencies ( Spanish : Organismos públicos , literally, public organisms, OP): Autonomous agencies ( Spanish : Organismos autónomos , OA), public business entities ( Spanish : Entidades públicas empresariales , EPE) and state agencies ( Spanish : Agencias estatales , AE). But, in addition, there are also independent agencies ( Spanish : Autoridades administrativas independientes , literally, independent administrative authorities, AAI). As far as this article
54-641: Is concerned, public business entities (EPE) are going to be ruled out because, despite being considered public agencies according to legislation, their operation is more similar to that of a public company than to that of an agency itself and may be subordinate to an autonomous agency. Of the other three types of agency, the main difference between them is the law that regulates them. OAs are governed by common administrative law, while AEs and AAIs are governed by their own creation laws. Autonomous agencies and state agencies have their own legal personality, their own treasury and assets, and autonomy in their management, while
72-799: Is established during the Liberal government of Posada Herrera , who set up in October 1883 a government commission — the Social Reform Commission— to examine issues that were of interest to the improvement and well-being of the working class . In 1900 it was approved the first law of the Social Security System, the Labour Accidents Act and in 1903 the Commission was replaced by a government agency,
90-414: Is obligatory, unique and covers the entire life of the person included in the system. Levels of security must reflect the initial and subsequent contributor's working life. Contributions (or payment of fees) are required from the commencement of a work activity (whether or not they have affiliated formally, at whatever level). The purpose of social security is to guarantee to those people who fall within
108-637: The 1985 General State Budget Law 50/1984, of 30 December assuming the functions of promoting Spanish tourism, as well as those of the Instituto Español de Turismo y Exposiciones, Congresos y Convenciones de España. The new agency was established on 24 July 1985 under the Ministry of Transport, Tourism and Communications. In 1988 the agency changed its name to Instituto de Promoción del Turismo de España (TURESPAÑA) and in 1990 it took its current name Instituto de Turismo de España (TURESPAÑA). In 1983,
126-905: The AAIs are assigned external regulatory or supervisory functions over economic sectors or specific activities that require functional independence or special autonomy from the executive branch. There is a fourth and exceptional category of agencies. These are the management entities and common services of the Social Security , regulated in the Social Security Act of 2015. Source: Source: Source: Source: Source: Source: Source: Source: Source: This Department has no agencies attached. Source: Source: Source: Source: Source: Source: Source: Source: Source: The independent agencies or independent administrative authorities (AAI) are independent from
144-464: The AAIs have their own legal personality, their own assets, but they have independence in their management, not autonomy. The AAIs can be compared to the independent agencies of the United States , since they are independent of the executive branch insofar as they are regulated by their own special legislation that includes special mechanisms to ensure their independence, as is the limitation for
162-499: The Secretary of State for Tourism commissioned painter Joan Miró the creation of a logo for the corporate identity of Spanish tourism. Since Miró was no longer in good health, they agreed to use elements from previous works rather than create a new one from scratch. He used the lettering of the official poster he painted for the 1982 FIFA World Cup and the sun and star of a poster he painted in 1968 for Fondation Maeght to create
180-513: The Social Reform Institute (which lasted until 1924). The rest of the century had a growing trend in terms of welfare legislation, with the 1919 Worker Retirement Act; the 1923 Obligatory Maternity Insurance; the 1931 Forced Unemployment Insurance Act; the 1947 Obligatory Old-Age and Disability Insurance (SOVI); the 1963 Social Security Bases Act; and the 1966 General Social Security Act, among others. The right to social security
198-566: The Spanish Social Security System is done by two kind of government agencies: Management Entities and Common Servicies. The first type provide social services while the second supports the first type with any kind of general service. Most of them are tutored by the Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration , although some depend on the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Social Affairs . The Management Entities are: The Common Servicies are: Membership
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#1732794413019216-595: The executive branch but relate to different government departments for budget allocation purposes. Social security in Spain The social security system ( Spanish : seguridad social ) in Spain is its principal system of social protection . The concept of social security first appeared in Spain in 1883 under the Committee for Social Reform, it was expanded several times during the twentieth century and finally
234-684: The executive branch to appoint and dismiss the high officials of it, with greater control of the legislative branch. Another important difference is the purpose for which they are created. The autonomous agencies (OA) carry out activities of the Public Administration , both activities of promotion, give benefits, management of public services or production of goods of public interest, as differentiated instrumental organizations and dependent on it. The state agencies (AE) are created to comply with specific policies, with better mechanisms to ensure better management and control of results. Finally,
252-437: The logo known as The Sun of Miró . Miró refused to be paid for this commission and renounced the logo's royalties. He died at the end of 1983 without seeing his work in use, as it was first used in the 1984 campaign "Spain. Everything under the sun". This was the first time that a national tourism authority developed a tourism marketing plan and a corporate identity. The logo, still in use, was Miró's last and best-known work, with
270-496: The performance of its services by the autonomous communities . As an important piece of evolving legislation, social security in Spain is regulated by Royal Decree 1 / 1994 of June 20, by adopting the text of the General Social Security Act (BOE of 29). This regulation has been amended on numerous occasions. The Spanish social security system is structured as follows: The management and administration of
288-496: The right to social security was enshrined in the Spanish Constitution of 1978 under Article 41 which states "that the public authorities shall maintain a public social security system for all citizens, guaranteeing sufficient support and social benefits in situations of need, especially in the event of unemployment, and that the support and additional benefits shall be free". The starting point of protection policies
306-663: The scope of the act, (those who carry out an occupational activity, or that meet the requirements of the non-contributory category, such as family members or dependants for whom they have responsibility), adequate protection against those contingencies and situations contemplated by the law. The scope of the act for the contributory category, includes those Spanish nationals who reside in Spain, and non-Spanish citizens who are residing or are staying legally in Spain, provided that in both cases they are carrying out their activities on Spanish national territory, and covers: Protection provided by social security will include (cover): In practice
324-535: Was enshrined in Article 41 of the Spanish Constitution of 1978 and envisages a varied system of benefits structured on three levels: basic social security, assistance to cover professional and employment categories and supplementary benefits. Moreover, article 149.1.17 ª provides that the State has exclusive jurisdiction over basic legislation and financial regulation of the social security system, without prejudice to
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