A highwayman was a robber who stole from travellers. This type of thief usually travelled and robbed by horse as compared to a footpad who travelled and robbed on foot; mounted highwaymen were widely considered to be socially superior to footpads. Such criminals operated until the mid- or late 19th century. Highwaywomen , such as Katherine Ferrers , were said to also exist, often dressing as men, especially in fiction.
84-468: Turnham Green is a public park on Chiswick High Road , Chiswick , London , and the neighbourhood and conservation area around it; historically, it was one of the four medieval villages in the Chiswick area, the others being Old Chiswick , Little Sutton , and Strand-on-the-Green . Christ Church , a neo-Gothic building designed by George Gilbert Scott and built in 1843, stands on the eastern half of
168-505: A Spanish TV series which aired from 1976 to 1979, starred a group of 19th-century highwaymen or bandoleros in the mountains of Ronda in the south of Spain. Ronia, the Robber's Daughter (aka Ronja Robbersdaughter in the US) is a 1984 Swedish fantasy film , based on the 1981 novel of the same title by Astrid Lindgren , and narrating the adventures of Ronia, the daughter of the leader of
252-459: A bar. In 2015, Hounslow Council appraised part of Chiswick High Road as a conservation area , near those of Bedfork Park and the old village of Chiswick , to the north and south respectively. The area's western end is on Clifton Gardens (a short distance east of Turnham Green), and its eastern end is on Chiswick Lane; it extends northwards to take in the buildings on the east side of Turnham Green Terrace, whose shops and restaurants are part of
336-485: A body of mounted police began to patrol the districts around the city at night. London was growing rapidly, and some of the most dangerous open spaces near the city, such as Finchley Common , were being covered with buildings. However, this only moved the robbers' operating area further out, to the new exterior of an expanded city, and does not therefore explain decline. A greater use of banknotes , more traceable than gold coins, also made life more difficult for robbers, but
420-535: A drunken evening in the local tavern. A similar but far less serious episode in the tavern, the Old Packhorse Inn , in 1795 saw the young Daniel O'Connell arrested for drunken and riotous behaviour. From 1912 until its closure in 1959, the Chiswick Empire theatre stood facing the north side of Turnham Green. At the eastern end of the green stands Chiswick war memorial . It is in the form of
504-560: A gang of highwaymen. Ronja, the Robber's Daughter ( Japanese : 山賊の娘ローニャ, Hepburn : Sanzoku no Musume Rōnya ) is a Japanese animated television series, also based on Lindgren's novel Ronia, the Robber's Daughter , and directed and storyboarded by Gorō Miyazaki . The lives of numerous Indian highwaymen including Arattupuzha Velayudha Panicker , Ithikkara Pakki , Jambulingam Nadar , Kayamkulam Kochunni and Papadu have been adapted for cinema and television multiple times. Season two, episode 20, of Scooby-Doo! Mystery Incorporated ,
588-432: A general name for this kind of publication. In the later 19th century, highwaymen such as Dick Turpin were the heroes of a number of penny dreadfuls , stories for boys published in serial form. In the 20th century the handsome highwayman became a stock character in historical love romances, including books by Baroness Orczy and Georgette Heyer . Sir Walter Scott 's romance The Heart of Midlothian (1818) recounts
672-747: A hero. In the 17th to the early 19th centuries in Ireland , acts of robbery were often part of a tradition of Irish resistance to the English and British authorities and the Protestant Ascendancy . From the mid-17th century onwards, highwaymen who harassed the English authorities were known as 'tories' (from Irish tóraidhe , raider; tóraí in modern spelling ). Later that century, they became known as rapparees . Their ranks included James Freney , Redmond O'Hanlon , Willy Brennan and Jeremiah Grant. English highwaymen often laid in wait on
756-652: A highwayman spoof in Carry On Dick (1974). Monty Python sent up the highwayman legends in the Dennis Moore sketch in Episode 37 of Monty Python's Flying Circus , in which John Cleese played the titular criminal who stole only lupins . In a linking sketch in an episode of Not the Nine O'Clock News a highwayman holds up a stagecoach with pistols – in order to wash the coach in exchange for small monies in
840-440: A ransom to go unmolested. They often attacked coaches for their lack of protection, including public stagecoaches ; the postboys who carried the mail were also frequently held up. The demand to " Stand and deliver !" (sometimes in forms such as "Stand and deliver your purse!" "Stand and deliver your money!") was in use from the 17th century to the 19th century: A fellow of a good Name, but poor Condition, and worse Quality,
924-488: A romantic encounter between a highwayman and his female victim. In the end, the highwayman is hanged over the objections of his victim. Musician Jimmy Webb penned and recorded a song entitled " Highwayman " in 1977 about a soul with incarnations in four different places in time and history, a highwayman, a sailor , a construction worker on the Hoover Dam , and finally as a star ship captain . Glen Campbell recorded
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#17327729063311008-477: A romantic image to these armed and usually mounted robbers. Several of the betyárs have become legendary figures who in the public mind fought for social justice. Hungarian betyárs included Jóska Sobri , Márton Vidróczki, András Juhász, Bandi Angyal, Pista Sisa, Jóska Savanyú. Juraj Jánošík ( Hungarian : Jánosik György ), who was born and operated in Upper Hungary (now Slovakia ), is still regarded as
1092-496: A stone obelisk at the top of a flight of five steps, encircled by a metal fence and a yew hedge. It was unveiled on 13 November 1921 by the 9th Duke of Devonshire and Arthur Winnington-Ingram , the Bishop of London. It is made of Cornish granite . It was designed by a local architect, Edward Willis. It was given Grade II listed status in 2015. In the middle of the green stands the tall Christ Church, Turnham Green , designed in
1176-739: A thing of the past in England. The bandits in Greece under Ottoman rule were the Klephts (κλέφτες), Greeks who had taken refuge in the inaccessible mountains. The klephts, who acted as a guerilla force, were instrumental in the Greek War of Independence . The highwaymen of the 17th- to 19th-century Kingdom of Hungary were the betyárs ( Slovak : zbojník ). Until the 1830s they were mainly simply regarded as criminals but an increasing public appetite for betyar songs, ballads and stories gradually gave
1260-442: A version of the song in 1978, but the most popular incarnation of the song was recorded by Willie Nelson , Kris Kristofferson , Waylon Jennings and Johnny Cash in 1984, who as a group called themselves The Highwaymen . The Canadian singer Loreena McKennit adapted the narrative poem, " The Highwayman " written by Alfred Noyes , as a song by the same title in her 1997 album The Book of Secrets . The Carry On films included
1344-548: Is Captain Macheath , hero of John Gay 's 18th-century ballad opera The Beggar's Opera . The legend of Dick Turpin was significantly boosted by Rookwood (1834), in which a heavily fictionalised Turpin is one of the main characters. Alfred Noyes 's narrative poem " The Highwayman " has been immensely popular ever since its publication in 1906. A number of traditional folk songs about highwaymen exist, both positive and negative, such as " Young Morgan ", " Whiskey in
1428-543: Is Bourne Place, with the sole surviving large detached house of those along the High Road in the 18th and 19th centuries. Afton House, since 1919 the Chiswick Memorial Club, is a Grade II listed building, built circa 1800. It is in brown brick with five bays of double-hung sash windows over four floors; the ground floor and entrance are stuccoed . Its large front garden has been replaced by buildings along
1512-528: Is of brown brick over three storeys with flat-arched double-hung sash windows. The ground floor is covered with late 19th century tiles and plaques stating "Young and Co. Ales & Stouts". Above the corner doorway on the upper floors is a large round-arched plaque depicting a yellow-coloured ram for the Ram Brewery in Wandsworth. The Grade II listed Victorian era Christ Church, Turnham Green , in
1596-540: Is the principal shopping and dining street of Chiswick , a district in the west of London . It was part of the main Roman road running west out of London, and remained the main road until the 1950s when the A4 was built across Chiswick. By the 19th century the road through the village of Turnham Green had grand houses beside it. The road developed into a shopping centre when Chiswick became built up with new streets and housing to
1680-472: Is the red brick 1913 Turnham Green Church Hall with Arts and Crafts style decoration; it was built here as residents objected to having it in the park beside the church. It is now used as a school. Facing the southwestern corner of the green is Fromow's Corner, an "attractively detailed" curved red brick building with brick pilasters; a plaque at the corner of the roofline proclaims "Fromow & Sons Estd 1829, Erectd 1889". In 2021, Hounslow Council reappraised
1764-459: The Battle of Trafalgar . In 1826, Thomas Griffiths Wainewright , in a story told by his biographers, poisoned his uncle George Edward Griffiths, while living in the uncle's grand home, Linden House on the High Road. He inherited and sold the house, but it was insufficient to clear his debts. He was later convicted of forgery and transported to Tasmania. In 2022, Chiswick High Road provided
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#17327729063311848-657: The Cavalier highwayman James Hind ; the French -born gentleman highwayman Claude Du Vall ; John Nevison ; Dick Turpin ; Sixteen String Jack ; William Plunkett and his partner, the "Gentleman Highwayman" James MacLaine ; the Slovak Juraj Jánošík ; and Indians including Kayamkulam Kochunni , Veerappan , and Phoolan Devi . In the same way, the Puerto Rican pirate Roberto Cofresí also came to be venerated as
1932-520: The English Civil War and French wars. What favoured them most was the lack of governance and absence of a police force: parish constables were almost entirely ineffective, while detection and arrest were very difficult. Most of the highwaymen held up travellers and took their money. Some had channels by which they could dispose of bills of exchange. Others had a 'racket' on the road transport of an extensive district; carriers regularly paid them
2016-533: The Gothic revival style by George Gilbert Scott and opened in 1843. The chancel was extended in 1887. Along the southern side of the green is Heathfield Terrace; its largest buildings are the Italianate 1876 Chiswick Town Hall , designed by W. J. Trehearne, and the former Army and Navy Furniture Repository, built around 1900, and now converted into flats. Further west, at the corner with Heathfield Gardens,
2100-748: The Hajduks (Hajduci, Хајдуци, Хайдути), rebels who opposed Ottoman rule and acted as a guerilla force, also instrumental in the many wars against the Ottomans, especially the Serbian revolution . Serbian and Croatian refugees in Austro-Hungarian (and Habsburg) lands were also part of the Uskoci . Notable freedom fighters include Starina Novak , a notable outlaw was Jovo Stanisavljević Čaruga . In medieval Vlachia, Moldavia , Transylvania, and Ukraine,
2184-565: The Inclosure Act of 1773 was followed by a sharp decline in highway robberies; stone walls falling over the open range like a net, confined the escaping highwaymen to the roads themselves, which now had walls on both sides and were better patrolled. The dramatic population increase which began with the Industrial Revolution also meant, quite simply, that there were more eyes around, and the concept of remote place became
2268-658: The Serbs , Bosnians and Croats settling in the region). By the end of the 16th century, they had developed into a significant military force. They developed their own military organisation, separate from the ranks established in the country - they chose their own commanders, captains, lieutenants and corporals. Their rights were later taken away by the Austrians after the defeat of the Rákóczi's War of Independence , fearing their military power, they forced them into serfdom, so this
2352-479: The railways is sometimes cited as a factor, but highwaymen were already obsolete before the railway network was built. The expansion of the system of turnpikes , manned and gated toll-roads , made it all but impossible for a highwayman to escape notice while making his getaway, but he could easily avoid such systems and use other roads, almost all of which outside the cities were flanked by open country. Cities such as London were becoming much better policed: in 1805
2436-478: The Chiswick War Memorial, built in 1921. It too is Grade II listed, both for its historic and for its architectural interest. It is an obelisk designed by Edward Willis, the council's engineer and architect. The Old Fire Station on the south side of Chiswick High Road was purpose-built in 1891. In 1911, it was equipped with a motor fire escape and ambulance, allowing it to claim it was one of
2520-627: The Haiduks (Romanian – Haiduci, Ukrainian – Гайдуки, Haiduky ) were bandits and deserters who lived in forests and robbed local Boyars or other travelers along roads. Sometimes they would help the poor peasants. In the 1800s, betyárs became common in Hungary. In Shakespeare 's Henry IV, Part 1 Falstaff is a highwayman, and part of the action of the play concerns a robbery committed by him and his companions. Another highwayman in English drama
2604-561: The High Road is the 18th century Presbytery of brown brick with Coade stone details, three storeys with double-hung sash windows; both buildings are Grade II listed. The High Road has for centuries provided ample inns to refresh thirsty travellers. The Roebuck, the Barley Mow and the Coach & Horses were all licensed drinking premises in the 18th century; by the 1820s, some were able to book stage coaches for their guests. The Roebuck
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2688-493: The Indian highwayman Kayamkulam Kochunni was adapted as a comic by Radha M. Nair in the 794th issue of the Indian comic book series, Amar Chitra Katha . There were many broadsheet ballads about highwaymen; these were often written to be sold on the occasion of a famous robber's execution. A number of highwaymen ballads have remained current in oral tradition in England and Ireland. The traditional Irish song " Whiskey in
2772-526: The Jar " tells the story of an Irish highwayman who robs an army captain and includes the lines "I first produced me pistol, then I drew me rapier. Said 'Stand and deliver, for you are a bold deceiver'." The hit single version recorded in 1973 by Irish rock band Thin Lizzy renders this last line "I said 'Stand-oh and deliver, or the devil he may take ya'." The traditional Irish song " The Newry Highwayman " recounts
2856-610: The Jar ", and " The Wild Colonial Boy ". From the early 18th century, collections of short stories of highwaymen and other notorious criminals became very popular. The earliest of these is Captain Alexander Smith's Complete History of the Lives and Robberies of the Most Notorious Highwaymen (1714). Some later collections of this type had the words The Newgate Calendar in their titles and this has become
2940-567: The Prime Minister Lord North , who wrote in 1774: "I was robbed last night as I expected, our loss was not great, but as the postilion did not stop immediately one of the two highwaymen fired at him (They had guns at the time) – It was at the end of Gunnersbury Lane." Horace Walpole , who was shot at in Hyde Park, wrote that "One is forced to travel, even at noon, as if one was going to battle." During this period, crime
3024-670: The Slovak version, and Sándor Rózsa the Hungarian version of Robin Hood in their regions. The Hajduk ( Hungarian : Hajdú) also originated in Hungary. They were formed from large numbers of Hungarians forced out of Syrmia and the Banates (Banate of Srebrenik, Banate of Nándorfehérvár, Banat of Macsó), moving upwards to central Hungary because of the Turkish attacks (they are replaced by
3108-605: The Thuggees murdered a million people between 1740 and 1840. More generally, armed bands known colloquially as " dacoits " have long wreaked havoc on many parts of the country. In recent times this has often served as a way to fund various regional and political insurgencies that includes the Maoist Naxalite movement. Kayamkulam Kochunni was also a famed highwayman who was active in Central Travancore in
3192-608: The Turnham Green Conservation area. This is adjacent to the Chiswick High Road conservation area (which is further east), covering the part of the High Road from Chiswick Road in Gunnersbury to the west, via the whole of Turnham Green common and the buildings facing its north side along the High Road, to Clifton Gardens in the east. It takes in a substantial area to the south of the common, and
3276-452: The basis for the local historian Wesley Henderson-Roe's British Association for Local History award-winning study of changes to shopping habits, based on surveys of the road's shops conducted in 1936 and 2020. Chiswick High Road runs the 2.6 kilometres (1.6 mi) from Kew Bridge northeastwards to Chiswick Roundabout , then eastwards through part of Gunnersbury to Turnham Green, and then across Chiswick to King Street, Hammersmith at
3360-480: The best in London. The building was provided with a tall tower to hang up the leather hosepipes to dry. Its façade is decorated with a carving of a fireman's helmet. It closed in 1963, the station moving to new premises on Heathfield Terrace. The old station has since been used as a restaurant. Chiswick's old police station was built on the corner with Windmill Place in 1871. In 1890 it held 73 policemen; by 1926,
3444-488: The capital. Several large houses were built in Turnham Green along the High Road in the 17th century; John Bowack recorded in 1706 that the area had as many inhabitants as the old village of Chiswick , which is some way to the south of the High Road, on the river Thames . In the 18th century, the High Road between Acton Lane and Hammersmith was bordered "intermittently" with large detached houses. The High Road
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3528-425: The causes of the decline are more controversial. After about 1815, mounted robbers are recorded only rarely, the last recorded robbery by a mounted highwayman having occurred in 1831. The decline in highwayman activity also occurred during the period in which repeating handguns, notably the pepper-box and the percussion revolver, became increasingly available and affordable to the average citizen. The development of
3612-665: The corner with Goldhawk Road . The section between Kew Bridge and Chiswick Roundabout is part of the A205 South Circular Road , while the rest of the street is part of the A315 . The street offers many restaurants, bars, and pubs; Time Out describes it as "an undeniably posh but very friendly bubble". On the north of Chiswick High Road in Gunnersbury is the Chiswick Business Park , on
3696-554: The course of the High Road. The road continued to be London's main route west until the 1950s when the A4 dual carriageway was built further to the south across Chiswick. In the English Civil War , the royalist forces under Prince Rupert , advancing on London from Oxford along the main road, were halted in a skirmish, the 1642 Battle of Turnham Green , by the forces of the Earl of Essex . The royalists withdrew, and never again threatened
3780-677: The deeds and death of a highwayman who robbed "the lords and ladies bright". The traditional Irish song "Brennan on the Moor" describes an escapade of the "bold, undaunted robber". Adam and the Ants had a number one song for five weeks in 1981 in the UK with " Stand and Deliver ". The video featured Adam Ant as an English highwayman. The contemporary folk song "On the Road to Fairfax County" by David Massengill , recorded by The Roches and by Joan Baez , recounts
3864-532: The early 19th century. Along with his close friend Ithikkarappkki from the nearby Ithikkara village, he is said to have stolen from the rich and given to the poor. With the help of an Ezhava warrior called Arattupuzha Velayudha Panicker , Kochunni was arrested and sent to Poojappura Central Jail. Legends of his works are compiled in folklore and are still read and heard today. The bandits in Serbia, Bosnia, Croatia and Bulgaria under Ottoman rule, and in Hungary were
3948-528: The first artificially lit highway in Britain. The penalty for robbery with violence was hanging , and most notorious English highwaymen ended on the gallows . The chief place of execution for London and Middlesex was Tyburn Tree . Highwaymen whose lives ended there include Claude Du Vall , James MacLaine , and Sixteen-string Jack . Highwaymen who went to the gallows laughing and joking, or at least showing no fear, are said to have been admired by many of
4032-633: The forest. The Dutch comics series Gilles de Geus by Hanco Kolk and Peter de Wit was originally a gag-a-day about a failed highwayman called Gilles, but the character later evolved into a resistance fighter with the Geuzen against the Spanish army. Ithikkara Pakki , a graphic children's story book about the Indian highwayman Ithikkara Pakki , was published in April 2010 in Malayalam . The life of
4116-644: The fourth episode of the animated mini-series, Over the Garden Wall , Songs of the Dark Lantern . The highwayman known as Juraj Jánošík (1688–1713) became a hero of many folk legends in the Slovak , Czech, and Polish cultures by the 19th century and hundreds of literary works about him have since been published. The first Slovak feature film was Jánošík , made in 1921, followed by seven more Slovak and Polish films about him . Curro Jiménez ,
4200-494: The green. A war memorial stands on the eastern corner. On the south side is the old Chiswick Town Hall . The green is the site of local community events, including a travelling funfair , church events and charity table-top sales. The nearest London Underground station is Chiswick Park on the District line . Turnham Green tube station is on Chiswick Common, the site in 1642 of The Battle of Turnham Green. Turnham Green
4284-498: The heroine waylaid by highwaymen while travelling from Scotland to London. Ronia, the Robber's Daughter (1981) is a children's fantasy book by Astrid Lindgren , which portrays the adventures of Ronia, the daughter of the leader of a gang of highwaymen. The Belgian comics series Robin Dubois [ de ; fr ; nl ] by Turk and De Groot is a gag-a-day series about Robin Hood 's attempts at robbing travellers in
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#17327729063314368-593: The main roads radiating from London. They usually chose lonely areas of heathland or woodland . Hounslow Heath was a favourite haunt: it was crossed by the roads to Bath and Exeter . Bagshot Heath in Surrey was another dangerous place on the road to Exeter. One of the most notorious places in England was Shooter's Hill on the Great Dover Road . Finchley Common , on the Great North Road ,
4452-549: The main villain (voiced by James Marsters ) disguises himself as a highwayman. In Fable II , Highwaymen appear as an elite type of enemy which works alongside bandits and makes use of speed and agility over brute strength. It is also possible for players to dress as Highwaymen. There is an enemy type in The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim called the "bandit highwayman" that acts as one of the higher-level bandit enemies. In World of Warcraft one can encounter
4536-624: The manner of a modern-day unsolicited car window washer in traffic. In Blackadder the Third , Mr. E. Blackadder turns highwayman in the episode " Amy and Amiability ". In the British children's television series Dick Turpin , starring Richard O'Sullivan , the highwayman was depicted as an 18th-century Robin Hood figure. Additionally the actor Mathew Baynton played Dick Turpin in Horrible Histories . A singing highwayman appears in
4620-402: The middle of the common to the south of the High Road, was designed by George Gilbert Scott . It was completed in 1843 as a short five-sided chancel with an apse , in the "early English lancet style" with a tall spire. It was extended in length by James Brooks in 1887 to provide a square eastern end. The eastern tip of the common, where Heathfield Terrace joins the High Road, is marked by
4704-430: The north of Old Chiswick , late in the 19th century. There are several listed buildings including public houses , churches, and a former power station , built to supply electricity to the tram network. Chiswick High Road follows the alignment of the Roman road to Silchester as it leads west from London. Near the area of Turnham Green in Chiswick it was joined by another Roman road, which thus also followed part of
4788-551: The north of Chiswick High Road next to the bus garage, was built as an electricity generating station for the London United Electrical Tramway Company between 1899 and 1901. Pevsner describes it as a "monumental free Baroque brick and stone composition ... by far the most exciting building [on the High Road, and] ... the best surviving example in London from the early, heroic era of generating stations whose bulky intrusion in residential areas
4872-447: The people who came to watch. During the 18th century French rural roads were generally safer from highwaymen than those of England, an advantage credited by the historian Alexis de Tocqueville to the existence of a uniformed and disciplined mounted constabulary known as the Maréchaussée . In England this force was often confused with the regular army and as such cited as an instrument of royal tyranny not to be imitated. In England
4956-474: The road" were sometimes used by people interested in romanticizing (with a Robin Hood –esque slant) what was often an especially violent form of stealing. In the 19th-century American West, highwaymen were sometimes known as road agents . In Australia, they were known as bushrangers . The great age of highwaymen was the period from the Restoration in 1660 to the death of Queen Anne in 1714. Some are known to have been disbanded soldiers, and even officers, of
5040-433: The same shopping centre. The appraisal noted that the "consistent three storey height, regular fenestration pattern, strong parapet line and plot widths work together to provide a regular rhythm" along the High Road. In 2021, Hounslow Council reappraised the Turnham Green Conservation area. This is adjacent to the Chiswick High Road conservation area, covering the part of the High Road from Chiswick Road in Gunnersbury to
5124-410: The side walls are stepped. The ground floor is designed with intentionally blind window panels. The building is ornamented with substantial amounts of moulded and rubbed brick and terracotta decoration. The tall rectangular yellow-brown brick bell-tower was added by Giles Gilbert Scott in 1930; a rather more ornate tower was included in the original plans. The roof is covered with pantiles. Next to it on
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#17327729063315208-479: The site of a former bus garage. It was designed in 1990–1991 by the architects Terry Farrell & Partners as a suitable backdrop for buildings by themselves, Foster Associates , and Peter Foggo around the main piazza, and others by Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners and ABK Architects around a smaller square to one side. On the south side is the 18-storey high BSI ( British Standards Institution ) tower, built above Gunnersbury station . Between 1966 and 1992 it
5292-401: The site of a gallows known as "Hangman's Acre" or "Gallows Green" – Sutton Common , Banstead Downs and Reigate Heath . During the late 17th and early 18th centuries, highwaymen in Hyde Park were sufficiently common for King William III to have the route between St James's Palace and Kensington Palace ( Rotten Row ) lit at night with oil lamps as a precaution against them. This made it
5376-399: The south side of Chiswick High Road in a " low traffic neighbourhood " scheme. The lane had a mixed reception among traders and the public. 51°29′35″N 0°16′01″W / 51.49301°N 0.26708°W / 51.49301; -0.26708 Highwayman The first attestation of the word highwayman is from 1617. Euphemisms such as "knights of the road" and "gentlemen of
5460-459: The south side of the High Road. Leading westwards from Bourne Place is the narrow Barley Mow Passage, still with an industrial air. The Sanderson factory building now known as Voysey House was designed by the architect Charles Voysey in 1902. It is faced in white glazed brick, with Staffordshire blue bricks (now painted black) forming horizontal bands, with the plinth, surrounds for door and window openings, and dressings in Portland stone . It
5544-441: The south side, was designed by William Blore in 1837 and built in 1838. The entire building, then named William's Terrace, survives as a terrace of ten three-storey houses, though with some changes to the front, and additional structures in what were the front gardens, making it less conspicuous than it was when built. The 1837 print omits the roofs and chimneys to make the building look grander and more formal. The Power House , on
5628-407: The total had risen to 126. It was closed in 1972 when the police station moved across the road to a new building. The old station served as Carvosso's restaurant, then as the Crown restaurant, and from July 2024 as the Hound pub with traditional pub food such as Scotch eggs , pies, and fish and chips. In 2001, a statue of the painter William Hogarth with his dog Trump , made by Jim Mathieson ,
5712-423: The west, via the whole of Turnham Green common and the buildings facing its north side along the High Road, to Clifton Gardens in the east. It takes in a substantial area to the south of the common, and was extended in 2019 to include the streets between Sutton Court Road and Duke's Avenue down to the Great West Road. In 2020, Hounslow Council and Transport for London installed a two-way cycle lane, Cycleway 9, on
5796-430: The western end of Turnham Green common. The building historian Nikolaus Pevsner writes that it has "plenty of jolly terracotta detail and bowed ground-floor windows". The Chiswick Empire was a music hall theatre facing Turnham Green, opened in 1912 and demolished in 1959. The Crown and Anchor pub, facing the common from the corner of the High Road and Belmont Road, is a Grade II listed early 19th century building. It
5880-415: The worlds of criminality and politics... Highwaymen were romanticized, with a hidden irony, as 'gentlemen of the road.'" There is a long history of treating highway robbers as heroes. They were admired by many as bold men who confronted their victims face to face and were ready to fight for what they wanted. Medieval outlaw Robin Hood is regarded as an English folk hero . Later robber heroes included
5964-404: Was Convicted for laying an Embargo on a man whom he met on the Road, by bidding him Stand and Deliver, but to little purpose; for the Traveller had no more Money than a Capuchin , but told him, all the treasure he had was a pound of Tobacco, which he civilly surrendered. The phrase "Your money or your life!" is mentioned in trial reports from the mid-18th century: Evidence of John Mawson: "As I
6048-596: Was a toll road from 1717 until the abolition of tolls in 1872. Stage coaches served the road on the way to towns such as Bath and Exeter . Roadside inns for travellers included the Roebuck, and the Packhorse and Talbot. In November 1805, Royal Navy Captain John Richards Lapenotière travelled Chiswick High Road on his journey from Falmouth to Whitehall to carry the news of the victory at
6132-503: Was a headquarters of IBM UK. On the north side of this section of the High Road is The Gunnersbury, formerly the John Bull pub, built in 1853, with a billiards saloon built a little later. It became a music venue, visited by bands including The Who . The playwright Harold Pinter lived at no. 373, on the south side. The 1910 Old Pack Horse is a Grade II listed public house on the corner of Chiswick High Road and Acton Lane, at
6216-608: Was a village on the main road between London and the west. It was recorded as 'Turneham' in 1235 and 'Turnhamgrene' in 1369. On 13 November 1642, the Battle of Turnham Green was fought nearby during the First English Civil War resulting in the Parliamentarians blocking the King's advance on London . In 1680 the homicidal Philip Herbert, 7th Earl of Pembroke murdered a watchman, William Smeeth, after
6300-419: Was briefly renamed to the 'Rat and Parrot' in the 1990s; the present building, from 1895 replacing an earlier structure, is decorated with stucco and relief statues of stags on its front and side pediments. The George IV was already licensed in 1771, then called Lord Boston's Arms; Fuller, Smith and Turner bought and renamed it in 1826, and rebuilt it in 1931–32. Just off Chiswick High Road and parallel to it
6384-476: Was coming home, in company with Mr. Andrews, within two fields of the new road that is by the gate-house of Lord Baltimore , we were met by two men; they attacked us both: the man who attacked me I have never seen since. He clapped a bayonet to my breast, and said, with an oath, Your money, or your life! He had on a soldier's waistcoat and breeches . I put the bayonet aside, and gave him my silver, about three or four shillings ." Victims of highwaymen included
6468-601: Was extended in 2019 to include the streets between Sutton Court Road and Duke's Avenue down to the Great West Road. The 18th century highwayman broadside ballad "Alan Tyne of Harrow" includes the couplet: Charles Dickens 's novel A Tale of Two Cities , set in the time of the French Revolution at the end of the 18th century, mentions "that magnificent potentate, the Lord Mayor of London, [who]
6552-476: Was made to stand and deliver on Turnham Green, by one highwayman, who despoiled the illustrious creature in sight of all his retinue." The song "Suite In C" on the eponymous album McDonald and Giles , which alludes to places in London, includes the line "The sun shone 'til Turnham Green". The song "Junkie Doll" by Mark Knopfler includes the line "Turnham green, Turnham green, You took me high as I've ever been". Chiswick High Road Chiswick High Road
6636-643: Was nearly as bad. To the south of London, highwaymen sought to attack wealthy travellers on the roads leading to and from the Channel ports and aristocratic arenas like Epsom , which became a fashionable spa town in 1620, and Banstead Downs where horse races and sporting events became popular with the elite from 1625. Later in the 18th century the road from London to Reigate and Brighton through Sutton attracted highwaymen. Commons and heaths considered to be dangerous included Blackheath , Putney Heath , Streatham Common , Mitcham Common , Thornton Heath – also
6720-497: Was originally a wallpaper printing works, now used as office space. It is Grade II* listed. It faces the main Devonshire Works building, and was once joined to it by a bridge across the road. It was Voysey's only industrial building, and is considered an "important Arts and Crafts factory building". In 2024, Sanderson's announced they were moving their headquarters back to Voysey House. Nos 1-21 Chiswick High Road, on
6804-469: Was rife and encounters with highwaymen or women could be bloody if the victim attempted to resist. The historian Roy Porter described the use of direct, physical action as a hallmark of public and political life: "From the rough-house of the crowd to the dragoons' musket volley, violence was as English as plum pudding. Force was used not just criminally, but as a matter of routine to achieve social and political goals, smudging hard-and-fast distinctions between
6888-563: Was tempered by thoughtful architectural treatment". When it fell into disuse it was threatened with demolition; the campaign to save it resulted in its Grade II listing. Ballet Rambert 's offices and training studios were housed in 94-96 Chiswick High Road from 1971 until 2013, when the company moved across London to the South Bank . The premises have been converted into the Chiswick Cinema, opened in 2021 with five screens and
6972-599: Was the end of the Hajduk golden age. The Indian Subcontinent has had a long and documented history of organised robbery for millennia. These included the Thuggees , a quasi-religious group that robbed travellers on Indian roads until the cult was systematically eradicated in the mid-1800s by British colonial administrators. Thugees would befriend large road caravans and gain their confidence, before strangling them to death and robbing their valuables. According to some estimates
7056-406: Was unveiled on the High Road, not far from Hogarth's House , where he lived from 1749 until his death in 1764. The 1886 Roman Catholic Church of Our Lady of Grace and St Edward stands on the south side of the High Road, on the corner with Duke's Avenue. It is a red brick basilica by the architects Kelly and Birchall . The main door, with a round pediment, faces the High Road. There is no apse;
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