81-400: Twelves (12 December 2012 – 20 March 2018) was the pet monkey of Brazilian singer Latino . He was given to Latino by the singer's manager in 2014, as a wedding gift. A robust capuchin monkey , Twelves was raised like a human baby and often accompanied Latino to shows, TV programs and photo shoots . Twelves had his own Instagram account with more than 100 thousand followers. In 2016,
162-404: A hookah mouthpiece to the monkey's mouth. The translated caption read: "Even Twelves wants to take a gangster-style photo". This caused controversy, with many of Latino's followers condemning his behavior and calling the singer irresponsible. The post was deleted after the negative reaction, but the criticism continued. TV presenter Luisa Mell , a strong defender of animal rights , disapproved of
243-469: A cage—he slept in a double box bed with various toys. The accessories were stored in a Louis Vuitton bag, along with stuffed animals and clothes, including a jumpsuit and a wool coat with a scarf. Latino also hired a private nanny for the animal. Described as a "restless and noisy" creature and an "enlightened animal" for his dangerous behavior, he often went out for walks. Latino stated that he would like to acquire another monkey to keep Twelves company, but
324-645: A character who figures prominently in Chinese mythology , is the main protagonist in the classic comic Chinese novel Journey to the West . The television series Monkey , the literary characters Monsieur Eek and Curious George are all examples. The winged monkeys are prominent characters in The Wizard of Oz . However, pop culture often incorrectly labels apes , particularly chimpanzees , gorillas and orangutans as monkeys. Terry Pratchett makes use of
405-551: A deficit of trust in mainstream sources. McIntyre first builds trust by respectful exchange, listening carefully to their explanation without interrupting. Then he asks questions such as "What evidence would make you change your mind?" and "Why do you trust that source?" McIntyre has used his technique to talk to flat earthers , though he admits it may not work with hard-core deniers. Individuals should confront misinformation when spotted in online blogs, even if briefly, otherwise they fester and proliferate. The person being responded to
486-646: A lie." The intent and purpose of fake news is important. In some cases, fake news may be news satire , which uses exaggeration and introduces non-factual elements that are intended to amuse or make a point, rather than to deceive. Propaganda can also be fake news. In the context of the United States of America and its election processes in the 2010s, fake news generated considerable controversy and argument, with some commentators defining concern over it as moral panic or mass hysteria and others worried about damage done to public trust. It particularly has
567-438: A method to render individuals resistant to undesirable narratives. Because new misinformation emerges frequently, researchers have stated that one solution to address this is to inoculate the population against accepting fake news in general (a process termed prebunking ), instead of continually debunking the same repeated lies. Fake news is false or misleading information presented as news . The term as it developed in 2017
648-761: A monkey without a license. The Captive Primate Safety Act , a bill before the 118th Congress, would have a similar impact in the US if passed. In the European Union, the Netherlands, Bulgaria, Italy, Portugal, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia and Hungary have bans on the keeping of primates. Internationally, government policies on the primate trade are shaped by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) ,
729-408: A much higher chance of being retweeted than truthful tweets. More so, it is humans who are responsible for disseminating false news and information as opposed to bots and click farms . The tendency for humans to spread false information has to do with human behavior; according to research, humans are attracted to events and information that are surprising and new, and, as a result, cause high arousal in
810-400: A purpose. Since they typically hope to intentionally promote incorrect information, such articles are quite difficult to detect. When identifying a source of information, one must look at many attributes, including but not limited to the content of the email and social media engagements. Specifically, the language is typically more inflammatory in fake news than real articles, in part because
891-584: A solution to." In the 1970s, a Boston-based group called Helping Hands trained capuchin monkeys as monkey helpers to assist quadriplegics and other people with severe spinal cord injuries or mobility impairments. Due to changes in law regulating the use of primates, Helping Hands shifted away from using monkeys and instead focused on assistive technologies in 2022. In popular culture both actual and fictionalized accounts of pet monkeys are utilized extensively. Monkeys are popular in numerous books, television programs, and movies. Sun Wukong (the "Monkey King"),
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#1732779519319972-554: A son. It's even good because it allows us to postpone our plans of becoming parents a little longer. Twelves was treated similarly to a human baby . Following a feeding routine of every three hours, the animal consumed a bottle of milk made with infant formula for breakfast, and later started eating banana porridge and, occasionally, pudding . For lunch and dinner, Twelves ate baby food , such as those found in pharmacies and supermarkets. At other times, he ate various fruits and peanuts. Twelves always wore diapers , as he did not stay in
1053-702: A spurious treatise saying the Jews were entirely responsible for the Second World War, and the Holocaust didn't happen, and it goes out there on the Internet and is available on the same terms as any piece of historical research which has undergone peer review and so on. There's a kind of parity of esteem of information on the net. It's all there: there's no way of finding out whether this stuff has any bottom to it or whether someone has just made it up". Gates
1134-522: A summary in diagram form (pictured at right) to assist people in recognizing fake news. Its main points are: The International Fact-Checking Network (IFCN), launched by the Poynter Institute in 2015, supports international collaborative efforts in fact-checking, provides training, and has published a code of principles. In 2017 it introduced an application and vetting process for journalistic organisations. One of IFCN's verified signatories,
1215-483: A survey was conducted, it was found that 58% of people had less trust in social media news stories as opposed to 24% of people in mainstream media after learning about fake news. In 2019 Christine Michel Carter , a writer who has reported on Generation Alpha for Forbes stated that one-third of the generation can decipher false or misleading information in the media. Claire Wardle of First Draft News , has identified seven types of fake news: Scientific denialism
1296-466: A treaty signed by 184 countries to prevent the exploitation of wild animals and plants. Monkeys have been kept as pets for centuries, though, in the West, up through the 19th century, ownership was mostly limited to the wealthy — notably, royalty — and to those in the business of entertainment. When the British first began to explore Africa , young monkeys were often captured and taken back on board
1377-499: A variety of false information, from genuine error through to foreign interference in democratic processes." This followed a recommendation by the House of Commons ' Digital, Culture, Media and Sport Committee to avoid the term. However, recent reviews of fake news still regard it as a useful broad construct, equivalent in meaning to fabricated news , as separate from related types of problematic news content, such as hyperpartisan news,
1458-402: Is a neologism (a new or re-purposed expression that is entering the language, driven by culture or technology changes). Fake news is now used by many people as a catch-all, referring to any lies and misrepresentations, from a news distributor or not; further, a few people use the term to condemn creditable news sources they do not like, without otherwise arguing details. Fake news stories in
1539-512: Is another potential explanatory type of fake news, defined as the act of producing false or misleading facts to unconsciously support strong pre-existing beliefs. In 2017, Wardle announced she has now rejected the phrase fake news and "censors it in conversation", finding it "woefully inadequate" to describe the issues. She now speaks of information disorder and information pollution , and distinguishes between three overarching types of information content problems: Disinformation attacks are
1620-555: Is brought from his home in Africa by "The Man with The Yellow Hat" to live with him in a big city. Around the world, the adventures of Curious George have been translated in many languages. The character has spawned books in many languages, two television series, two stop-motion animated shorts, an animated film , Curious George , featuring Will Ferrell , a video game and he has been linked with numerous products and companies. Fake news Fake news or information disorder
1701-460: Is false or misleading information ( misinformation , disinformation , propaganda , and hoaxes ) claiming the aesthetics and legitimacy of news . Fake news often has the aim of damaging the reputation of a person or entity , or making money through advertising revenue. Although false news has always been spread throughout history, the term fake news was first used in the 1890s when sensational reports in newspapers were common. Nevertheless,
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#17327795193191782-491: Is probably resistant to change, but many other bloggers may read and learn from an evidence-based reply. A brutal example was learned by John Kerry during the US 2004 Presidential election campaign against George W. Bush. The right-wing Swift Boat Veterans for Truth falsely claimed that Kerry showed cowardice during the Vietnam War. Kerry refused to dignify the claims with a response for two weeks, despite being pummeled in
1863-463: Is the deliberate spreading of false narratives for political purposes, or for destabilising social cohesion in targeted communities. Multiple strategies need to be tailored to individual types of fake news, depending for example on whether the fake news is deliberately produced, or rather unintentionally or unconsciously produced. Considerable resources are available to combat fake news. Regular summaries of current events and research are available on
1944-487: Is to flood the information space, particularly social media and web browser search results with factual news, thus drowning out misinformation. A key factor in establishing facts is the role of critical thinking, the principles of which should be imbedded more comprehensively within all school and university education courses. Critical thinking is a style of thinking in which citizens, prior to subsequent problem solving and decision-making , have learned to pay attention to
2025-465: The Internet by governments for citizen-surveillance purposes, and for cyberwarfare purposes. Author Terry Pratchett , previously a journalist and press officer, was among the first to be concerned about the spread of fake news on the Internet. In a 1995 interview with Bill Gates , founder of Microsoft , he said, "Let's say I call myself the Institute for Something-or-other and I decide to promote
2106-645: The Internet. His Instagram account, created in May 2014, gained four thousand followers in just one month. By July 2015, it had 18 thousand followers; two years later, it had 50 thousand, and reached a hundred thousand in October 2017. After Twelves' death in March 2018, his account had 130 thousand followers. Pet monkey A pet monkey is a monkey kept as a pet . Monkeys are beloved for their entertainment value, resemblance to humans, and human-like abilities, but
2187-453: The United States and leaving Twelves at his home, the monkey suddenly disappeared. The singer claimed that, although the animal often went out for a walk, he usually came back shortly after. A large search force was formed to find the animal; at least 80 people participated in the search. After searching through woods, streams, and more than 30 condominiums in the Barra da Tijuca area, the monkey
2268-424: The ability to actively confront false narratives, as well as taking care when sharing information can reduce the prevalence of falsified information. However, it has been noted that this is vulnerable to the effects of confirmation bias , motivated reasoning and other cognitive biases that can seriously distort reasoning, particularly in dysfunctional and polarised societies. Inoculation theory has been proposed as
2349-424: The brain. Besides, motivated reasoning was found to play a role in the spread of fake news. This ultimately leads humans to retweet or share false information, which are usually characterized with clickbait and eye-catching titles. This prevents people from stopping to verify the information. As a result, massive online communities form around a piece of false news without any prior fact-checking or verification of
2430-406: The case: "The authorization for the possession of wild animals does not allow for this type of treatment, therefore the singer Latino will be held accountable for this fact." Latino responded and contested the decision: I want to see IBAMA have the guts to take the monkey away from me. It's not easy to take it from me. They just want to show off with this. There's nothing wrong with it. I was smoking
2511-430: The conspiracy beliefs of Fox hosts were repeated shortly after by Trump (and vice versa) in a continuous feedback loop. This served to promote outrage, and thus to condition and radicalise conservative Republican Fox listeners into cult-like Trump supporters, and to demonise and gaslight Democratic opponents, the mainstream media, and elites generally. A key strategy to counter fake news based on emotions rather than facts
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2592-421: The content of written words, and to judge their accuracy and fairness, among other worthy attributes. Because content rebuttal (presenting true facts to refute false information) does not always work, Lee McIntyre suggests the better method of technique rebuttal, in which faulty reasoning by deniers is exposed, such as cherry-picking data, and relying too much on fake experts. Deniers have a lot of information, but
2673-511: The culture, and are consumed by millions of people." These stories are not only found in politics, but also in areas like vaccination, stock values and nutrition. He did not include news that is "invoked by politicians against the media for stories that they don't like or for comments that they don't like" as fake news. Guy Campanile, also a 60 Minutes producer said, "What we are talking about are stories that are fabricated out of thin air. By most measures, deliberately, and by any definition, that's
2754-480: The definition of fake news has been applied too narrowly to select mediums and political ideologies. While most definitions focus strictly on content accuracy and format, current research indicates that the rhetorical structure of the content might play a significant role in the perception of fake news. Michael Radutzky, a producer of CBS 60 Minutes , said his show considers fake news to be "stories that are probably false, have enormous traction [popular appeal] in
2835-622: The distinction in his Discworld novels, in which the Librarian of the Unseen University is an orangutan who gets very violent if referred to as a monkey. There have been many famous pet monkeys with Tarzan 's Cheeta arguably the first famous pet "monkey" although they continued to live in the jungle. Nkima was the original Cheeta-like character in Edgar Rice Burroughs ' Tarzan novels, and in adaptations of
2916-487: The evaluation of sources. Called "media literacy", the course provides training in journalism in the new information society. Fake news has become increasingly prevalent over the last few years, with over 100 misleading articles and rumors spread regarding the 2016 United States presidential election alone. These fake news articles tend to come from satirical news websites or individual websites with an incentive to propagate false information, either as clickbait or to serve
2997-449: The following month, a "super party" was hosted. The event was broadcast live on television and featured celebrity guests, including other monkeys. On 14 July 2015, Latino and Morais separated, leaving the animal to be in custody of the singer—the documents were registered under his name. However, he allowed Morais to visit Twelves whenever she wanted. On 17 March 2016, Latino posted a photo showing Twelves on his shoulder, while Latino placed
3078-402: The hookah, and he stopped to smell it, and the girl took the photo. When she took the photo, I asked her to post it because it was a funny moment, a show-off photo. But people like to take advantage of situations. There are so many things for IBAMA to investigate, so many things wrong on the planet, so much injustice. On 8 July 2017, Latino posted a video, crying, stating that after returning from
3159-479: The impact of real news by competing with it. For example, a BuzzFeed News analysis found that the top fake news stories about the 2016 U.S. presidential election received more engagement on Facebook than top stories from major media outlets. It also particularly has the potential to undermine trust in serious media coverage. The term has at times been used to cast doubt upon credible news, and former U.S. president Donald Trump has been credited with popularizing
3240-465: The independent, not-for-profit media journal The Conversation , created a short animation explaining its fact checking process, which involves "extra checks and balances, including blind peer review by a second academic expert, additional scrutiny and editorial oversight". Beginning in the 2017 school year, children in Taiwan study a new curriculum designed to teach critical reading of propaganda and
3321-616: The internet, especially on social media [...] Much of this content is produced by for-profit websites and Facebook pages gaming the platform for advertising revenue" and distinguishes it from disinformation: "[F]ake news does not meet the definition of disinformation or propaganda. Its motives are usually financial, not political, and it is usually not tied to a larger agenda." Media scholar Nolan Higdon has defined fake news as "false or misleading content presented as news and communicated in formats spanning spoken, written, printed, electronic, and digital communication". Higdon has also argued that
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3402-470: The late 1960s, the first monkey sanctuaries appeared in the US, providing an option for unwanted pets. (Other options included euthanizing the animal or keeping it caged and removing its teeth. ) Access to sanctuaries was limited, however. As a sanctuary founder in Texas stated, his facility can only help "a fraction" of the monkeys who are abused or abandoned: "It’s not the kind of work that there will ever be
3483-888: The latter being a particular source of political polarization. Therefore, researchers are beginning to favour information disorder as a more neutral and informative term. For example, the Commission of Inquiry by the Aspen Institute (2021) has adopted the term Information Disorder in its investigative report. According to an academic library guide, a number of specific aspects of fake news may help to identify it and thus avoid being unduly influenced. These include: clickbait , propaganda , satire / parody , sloppy journalism , misleading headings, manipulation , rumor mill, misinformation , media bias , audience bias , and content farms . The International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) published
3564-495: The liar (the perpetrator of fake news), (2) the conduit (the method of carriage of the fake news), and (3) the lied-to (the recipient of the fake news). American philosopher of science Lee McIntyre, who has researched the scientific attitude and post-truth , has explained the importance of factual basis of society, in preference to one in which emotions replace facts. One modern example is the symbiotic relationship that developed between President Donald Trump and Fox News , in which
3645-442: The licenses for the ownership of wild animals, and Twelves had a pet microchip which allowed officials to use a microchip reader to view the entire history of the monkey and its owner. In June 2014, Latino posted a photo of himself giving Twelves a French kiss . The act was criticized by Internet users, who labeled it as disgusting. In November, Twelves participated in a photo shoot for one of Latino's albums. For Twelves's birthday
3726-518: The mainstream media has proved a highly successful money-spinner for the TV network. In 2017, the inventor of the World Wide Web , Tim Berners-Lee claimed that fake news was one of the three most significant new disturbing Internet trends that must first be resolved if the Internet is to be capable of truly "serving humanity." The other two new disturbing trends were the recent surge in the use of
3807-448: The media, and this action contributed to his marginal loss to Bush. We should never assume any claim is too outrageous to be believed. However, caution applies regarding over-zealous debunking of fake news. It is often unwise to draw attention to fake news published on a low-impact website or blog (one that has few followers). If this fake news is debunked by a journalist in a high-profile place such as The New York Times , knowledge of
3888-452: The mid-1910s, for example, dancer and fashion trendsetter Irene Castle was seen publicly and in photos with a pet monkey, inspiring fans to seek similar pets. A 1930 news story noted monkeys' popularity with "society folks," referring to monkeys as providing a " ' delightful background' for the summer parties." Similar trends of monkeys as fashion objects were seen in Europe as well. As
3969-478: The monkey was the subject of controversy after Latino posted a photo which appeared to show Twelves smoking a hookah . Latino received criticism for posting the image, and the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA) released a statement saying that the singer would be held responsible for the post. The following year, Twelves disappeared for a day, and a search party
4050-409: The most insidious type because of the harmful intent. For example, it is sometimes generated and propagated by hostile foreign actors, particularly during elections . Because of the manner in which former president Donald Trump has co-opted the term, The Washington Post media columnist Margaret Sullivan has warned fellow journalists that "It's time to retire the tainted term 'fake news'. Though
4131-428: The news. There is also many social context features that can play a role, as well as the model of spreading the news. Websites such as Snopes try to detect this information manually, while certain universities are trying to build mathematical models to do this themselves. Considerable research is underway regarding strategies for confronting and suppressing fake news of all types, in particular disinformation , which
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#17327795193194212-440: The number of registered poodles. But monkeys proved to be much more difficult than poodles to care for. Of the estimated 40,000 monkeys sold each year, roughly 36,000 died within a year. In Los Angeles, health officials expressed concern regarding the "recent own-your-own monkey fad." While many people enjoyed owning monkeys in their infancy, they found that the animals become unmanageable — “wild” — upon reaching adolescence. In
4293-637: The old sense, plus misleading headlines, are presented among other stories by news aggregators or political sites, for financial or political gain. There are also fake news websites which run only stories that have no basis in fact but are presented as being factually accurate. Some satirical sites openly label themselves as fake news or satire, or they may reveal that they are fake only on closer inspection for clues. Overlapping terms are bullshit , hoax news , pseudo-news , alternative facts , false news and junk news . The National Endowment for Democracy defines fake news as "[M]isleading content found on
4374-412: The platforms like Google or Meta profit from the distribution of fake news. Part of the reason behind the broad circulation of fake news online is that fake news websites can be profitable by monetizing them through online advertising . Researchers at Pew Research Center discovered that over 60% of Americans access news through social media compared to traditional newspaper and magazines. With
4455-658: The popularity of social media, individuals can easily access fake news and disinformation. The rapid spread of false stories on social media during the 2012 elections in Italy has been documented, as has diffusion of false stories on Facebook during the 2016 US election campaign. Fake news has the tendency to become viral among the public. With the presence of social media platforms like Twitter , it becomes easier for false information to diffuse quickly. Research has found that false political information tends to spread three times faster than other false news. On Twitter, false tweets have
4536-405: The post and said that Latino "had no idea about the importance of these animals in nature" and that Ibama was "encouraging animal trafficking, compromising Brazilian biodiversity, endangering the health of animals and even contributing to the decimation of several species and their ecosystems". The next day, Latino criticized the media's coverage of the issue in a statement, and claimed that the image
4617-606: The potential to undermine trust in serious media coverage generally. The term has also been used to cast doubt upon credible mainstream media. In January 2017, the United Kingdom House of Commons commenced a parliamentary inquiry into the "growing phenomenon of fake news". In 2016, PolitiFact selected fake news as their Lie of the Year. No single lie stood out, so the generic term was chosen. Also in 2016, Oxford Dictionaries selected post-truth as its word of
4698-419: The practice of keeping monkeys as pets is criticized by primatologists and zoologists due to issues surrounding conservation , the animals' welfare, and public health and safety. In the United States, most states restrict monkey ownership, whether via licensing requirements or outright bans, but, as of 2016, 13 states allow it. The United Kingdom passed new legislation in 2024 that makes it illegal to own
4779-537: The price of monkeys declined over time, more people purchased them as pets. The market for monkeys in the US skyrocketed in the late 1950s and 1960s. Demand in the U.S. for pet monkeys was so great that in 1955 government officials in Costa Rica expressed concern that it was decimating wild populations there. According to the Simian Society, there were 750,000 pet monkeys in the US in 1971 -- more than
4860-674: The production of information that is "click-worthy" and independent of its accuracy. The nature of trust depends on the assumptions that non-institutional forms of communication are freer from power and more able to report information that mainstream media are perceived as unable or unwilling to reveal. Declines in confidence in much traditional media and expert knowledge have created fertile grounds for alternative, and often obscure sources of information to appear as authoritative and credible. This ultimately leaves users confused about basic facts. Fake news has become popular with various media outlets and platforms. Journalists have identified that
4941-442: The purpose is to confuse and generate clicks. Furthermore, modeling techniques such as n-gram encodings and bag of words have served as other linguistic techniques to determine the legitimacy of a news source. On top of that, researchers have determined that visual-based cues also play a factor in categorizing an article, specifically some features can be designed to assess if a picture was legitimate and provides more clarity on
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#17327795193195022-413: The saga to other media, particularly comics. Tarzan and Cheeta have been repeated across all major popular culture mediums including books, films, television, games and comics. Katie, a white-headed capuchin , played Marcel in the popular U.S. series Friends and also Los Angeles Angels ' mascot " Rally Monkey ." Finster played Harvey Keitel 's pet thief, Dodger in the movie Monkey Trouble . Bubbles
5103-418: The ship to entertain sailors. For example, a Senegal monkey was kept as a pet by a ship's cook in the 19th century and entertained passengers with its antics. Around the turn of the 20th century in the US, owning monkeys became a social fad, a pattern that would repeat over the course of the century, often spiking as a result of media anthropomorphizing monkeys and normalizing their suitability as pets. In
5184-546: The singer received a female monkey named Ana Paula as a present, but made it clear that she would not replace Twelves. Ana Paula died on 24 November 2022. In 2021, the Secretary of Citizenship of the municipality of Rio de Janeiro filed a criminal report against Latino for religious intolerance , after he stated in an interview that Twelves's death was caused by " macumba ", a pejorative term that refers to Afro-Brazilian religions . We are very attached to him, we treat him like
5265-644: The term by using it to describe any negative press coverage of himself. It has been increasingly criticized, due in part to Trump's misuse, with the British government deciding to avoid the term, as it is "poorly-defined" and "conflates a variety of false information, from genuine error through to foreign interference". Multiple strategies for fighting fake news are actively researched, for various types of fake news. Politicians in certain autocratic and democratic countries have demanded effective self-regulation and legally-enforced regulation in varying forms, of social media and web search engines. On an individual scale,
5346-577: The term does not have a fixed definition and has been applied broadly to any type of false information presented as news. It has also been used by high-profile people to apply to any news unfavorable to them. Further, disinformation involves spreading false information with harmful intent and is sometimes generated and propagated by hostile foreign actors, particularly during elections . In some definitions, fake news includes satirical articles misinterpreted as genuine, and articles that employ sensationalist or clickbait headlines that are not supported in
5427-520: The term hasn't been around long, its meaning already is lost." By late 2018, the term "fake news" had become verboten and U.S. journalists, including the Poynter Institute were asking for apologies and for product retirements from companies using the term. In October 2018, the British government decided that the term fake news will no longer be used in official documents because it is "a poorly-defined and misleading term that conflates
5508-645: The text. Because of this diversity of types of false news, researchers are beginning to favour information disorder as a more neutral and informative term. The prevalence of fake news has increased with the recent rise of social media , especially the Facebook News Feed , and this misinformation is gradually seeping into the mainstream media. Several factors have been implicated in the spread of fake news, such as political polarization , post-truth politics , motivated reasoning , confirmation bias , and social media algorithms . Fake news can reduce
5589-447: The time didn't want a child, and I already have plenty of children. So, I said the animal would end up distracting us. However, he thought the price of a monkey was low, not knowing that one could cost around 120,000 to 150,000 Brazilian reais . The name Twelves was a tribute to the singer's fascination with the number 12 and also because Twelves was born on "12/12/12". The couple had all the necessary IBAMA documentation, which regulates
5670-483: The unhappiest day of my life. Pray for me! I feel lost". The animal was cremated the next day at the Pet's Garden animal cemetery and crematorium . With its ashes, a diamond was made. I am very emotional. I have just received the ashes of my monkey Twelves in the form of a beautiful diamond. Now he will be with me forever as a lucky charm . May the animal angels in heaven be with you. I miss you so much. In April 2018,
5751-399: The veracity of the information. Of particular concern regarding viral spread of fake news is the role of super-spreaders. Brian Stelter , the anchor of Reliable Sources at CNN , has documented the systematic long-term two-way feedback that developed between President Donald Trump and Fox News presenters. The resultant conditioning of outrage in their large audience against government and
5832-679: The websites and email newsletters of a number of support organisations. Particularly notable are the First Draft Archive, the Information Futures Lab, School of Public Health, Brown University and the Nieman Foundation for Journalism (Harvard University). Journalist Bernard Keane, in his book on misinformation in Australia, classifies strategies for dealing with fake news into three categories: (1)
5913-719: The year and defined it as the state of affairs when "objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief." The term fake news gained importance with the electoral context in Western Europe and North America. It is determined by fraudulent content in news format and its velocity. According to Bounegru, Gray, Venturini and Mauri, a lie becomes fake news when it "is picked up by dozens of other blogs , retransmitted by hundreds of websites, cross-posted over thousands of social media accounts and read by hundreds of thousands". The evolving nature of online business models encourages
5994-538: Was a companion to Michael Jackson and became intertwined in his celebrity and was even a subject of a Jeff Koons sculpture. Frankie the Monkey has been seen in Sean-Paul and Juliane's magic act all over the country. Curious George is the protagonist of a popular children's books franchise by the same name, written by Hans Augusto Rey and Margret Rey . The books feature a curious pet monkey named George, who
6075-443: Was a montage: "Is there a lack of subject matter? That's why our Brazil is not moving forward! If I were the press, I would be ashamed to publish a note like this [...] How much hypocrisy in a photo that I clearly stated was a gangster-style montage. This statement is for my audience, who I owe an explanation to, not for the sellers of fake news . I'm tired of this." On 26 March, IBAMA declared that Latino would be held responsible for
6156-541: Was formed to find him. Twelves died in 2018 after he went missing and was hit by a vehicle. His body was cremated , and his ashes were turned into a synthetic diamond . The robust capuchin monkey Twelves was born on 12 December 2012, in Xanxerê , Santa Catarina. He came from a shelter in Rio Grande do Sul , the only one certified by the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA), and
6237-517: Was found in a residence near the Jacarepaguá Airport the next day. On 20 March 2018, Twelves escaped from home, was hit by a vehicle, and died in Rio de Janeiro . Latino's agent stated that the singer was "very sad, inconsolable and does not want to talk to anyone". After hearing the news Latino postponed the recording of a music video. On his social media, he posted (translated): "Today is
6318-693: Was introduced to the Internet, this made it difficult for some people to find truthful information. The impact of fake news has become a worldwide phenomenon. Fake news is often spread through the use of fake news websites , which, in order to gain credibility, specialize in creating attention-grabbing news, which often impersonate well-known news sources. Jestin Coler, who said he does it for "fun", has indicated that he earned US$ 10,000 per month from advertising on his fake news websites. Research has shown that fake news hurts social media and online based outlets far worse than traditional print and TV outlets. After
6399-426: Was optimistic and disagreed, saying that authorities on the Internet would index and check facts and reputations in a much more sophisticated way than in print. But it was Pratchett who more accurately predicted how the Internet would propagate and legitimize fake news. When the Internet first became accessible for public use in the 1990s, its main purpose was for the seeking and accessing of information. As fake news
6480-590: Was prevented by legal issues, as he could only keep Twelves after proving that he had access to a tree where the animal lived and other matters related to the animal's care. The monthly costs to take care of Twelves, which was around one thousand Brazilian reais, generated controversy, since, at the time, he was not paying a pension for one of his children. Twelves often accompanied the artist to shows and television programs, including Mais Você [ pt ] and Programa do Jô , and participated in photo shoots for magazines and websites. Twelves became popular on
6561-409: Was trained by André Poloni, known as the greatest trainer of wild animals in the country. In February 2014, the singer was given a monkey as a wedding present by a businessman who worked with Latino when the singer married Rayanne Morais [ pt ] . [Businessman who worked with Latino] asked me, "what do you want as a present?". I said, "a monkey". He then looked at me strangely. Rayanne at
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