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55-532: Télétoon (stylized in all caps ) is a Canadian French language specialty channel owned by Corus Entertainment that broadcasts animated series aimed at kids, teens, and adults. Its name is a portmanteau of " télévision " and " cartoon ". Télétoon was launched on September 8, 1997 as a bilingual service owned by Teletoon Canada, Inc.; a consortium of Western International Communications and Astral Media (via their specialty channel Family Channel ), Shaw Communications (via its specialty channel YTV ), and

110-523: A bilingual service, Teletoon/Télétoon maintained two separate broadcast feeds, with a single licence for the English- and French-language channels. It was one of only two Canadian specialty services with such a licence. At the original licensing hearing before the CRTC, the network's operators had stated that the two channels "would be similar in nature and programmed with a similar attitude towards them. But for

165-689: A commonly preferred alternative to all caps text is the use of small caps to emphasise key names or acronyms (for example, Text in Small Caps ), or the use of italics or (more rarely) bold . In addition, if all caps must be used it is customary to slightly widen the spacing between the letters, by around 10 per cent of the point height. This practice is known as tracking or letterspacing. Some digital fonts contain alternative spacing metrics for this purpose. Messages completely in capital letters are often equated on social media to shouting and other impolite or argumentative behaviors. This became

220-483: A computer program shouting at its user. Information technology journalist Lee Hutchinson described Microsoft's using the practice as "LITERALLY TERRIBLE ... [it] doesn't so much violate OS X's design conventions as it does take them out behind the shed, pour gasoline on them, and set them on fire." In programming, writing in all caps (possibly with underscores replacing spaces ) is an identifier naming convention in many programming languages that symbolizes that

275-495: A delicate scanning of characters (from a damaged image that needs further contextual text correction). Depending on the typeface , these similarities accidentally create various duplicates (even quite briefly and without realizing it when reading). E.g. H/A, F/E or I/T by adding a bar; P/R, O/Q, even C/G from similar errors; V/U, D/O, even B/S while rounding the shape; and more deformations implying mixings. Adding digits in all caps styled texts may multiply these confusions, which

330-399: A mainstream interpretation with the advent of networked computers, from the 1980s onward. However, a similar interpretation was already evidenced by written sources that predated the computing era, in some cases by at least a century, and the textual display of shouting or emphasis was still not a settled matter by 1984. The following sources may be relevant to the history of all caps: Before

385-532: A slowed speed is possible – but in principle too many factors of low legibility are involved." Other critics are of the opinion that all caps letters in text are often "too tightly packed against each other". Besides the aforementioned speed of reading, all caps is can be prone to character -based ambiguities. Namely, the upper-case letters are globally simpler than their lower-case counterpart. For example, they lack ascenders and descenders . Since they are built from fewer positional and building elements (e.g.

440-416: A smaller grid pertaining to minimalist digital fonts), they are more fragile to small changes. These variations, generally involuntary but sometimes induced on purpose, are caused by a misinterpretation (the information is transferred) or by a deterioration (the data is lost, in the analysis wording). They can occur horizontally and/or vertically, while misreading (without this extra effort or time), or during

495-663: A term is conspicuous, we look at more than formatting. A term that appears in capitals can still be inconspicuous if it is hidden on the back of a contract in small type. Terms that are in capitals but also appear in hard-to-read type may flunk the conspicuousness test. A sentence in capitals, buried deep within a long paragraph in capitals will probably not be deemed conspicuous...it is entirely possible for text to be conspicuous without being in capitals. Certain musicians—such as Marina , Finneas , who are both known mononymously, and MF DOOM —as well as some bands such as Haim and Kiss —have their names stylised in all caps. Additionally, it

550-403: Is an "apparent consensus" that lower-case text is more legible, but that some editors continue to use all caps in text regardless. In his studies of all caps in headlines , he states that, "Editors who favor capitals claim that they give greater emphasis. Those who prefer lower case claim their preferences gives greater legibility." Wheildon, who informs us that "When a person reads a line of type,

605-615: Is common for bands with vowelless names (a process colourfully known as " disemvoweling ") to use all caps, with prominent examples including STRFKR , MSTRKRFT , PWR BTTM , SBTRKT , JPNSGRLS (now known as Hotel Mira), BLK JKS , MNDR , and DWNTWN . Miles Tinker , renowned for his landmark work, Legibility of Print , performed scientific studies on the legibility and readability of all-capital print. His findings were as follows: All-capital print greatly retards speed of reading in comparison with lower-case type. Also, most readers judge all capitals to be less legible. Faster reading of

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660-435: Is less legible and readable than lower-case text. In addition, switching to all caps may make text appear hectoring and obnoxious for cultural reasons, since all-capitals is often used in transcribed speech to indicate that the speaker is shouting. All-caps text is common in comic books, as well as on older teleprinter and radio transmission systems, which often do not indicate letter case at all. In professional documents,

715-489: Is one aim of Leet (intentional pseudo duplicates) and can provide simple means of concealing messages (often numbers). Teletoon Retro Along with its French-language sister channel Télétoon Rétro , it was available in over nine million Canadian households as of 2013; together it had the most subscribers among the digital Canadian specialty channels. Teletoon Retro was shut down on September 1, 2015, and either replaced by Cartoon Network or Disney Channel , with

770-742: The Télétoon Jr. Sur Demande channel have included such shows as Caillou , Atomic Betty , George of the Jungle , The Future is Wild , and Bobby's World . The service was discontinued some time in 2018. Télétoon Rétro was a Category B digital cable and satellite channel that debuted on September 4, 2008. It was named after a program block featuring classic animated series. Télétoon Rétro channel's programs have included The Tom and Jerry Show , The Bugs Bunny & Tweety Show , Scooby-Doo , The Flintstones , The Raccoons , The Jetsons , Astro Boy , and Fat Albert and

825-566: The ASCII table , so can display both alphabets, but all caps only. Mikrosha is switchable to KOI-7N1, in this mode, it can display both caps and lower-case, but in Cyrillic only. Other Soviet computers, such as BK0010 , MK 85 , Corvette and Agat-9 , use 8-bit encoding called KOI-8R, they can display both Cyrillic and Latin in caps and lower-case. Many, but not all NES games use all caps because of tile graphics, where charset and tiles share

880-570: The "Teletoon" brand also remains active through the Teletoon+ streaming service. When launched, the channel was owned by a consortium made up of various other Canadian specialty services and producers; Family Channel acting as managing partner at 53.3% (in a partnership between Astral Media and Western International Communications ), YTV at 26.7% (under Shaw Communications ), and Cinar and Nelvana with 10% each. Changes of ownership have occurred since 1999, starting when Corus Entertainment

935-573: The 1990s, more than three-quarters of newspapers in the western world used lower-case letters in headline text. Discussion regarding the use of all caps for headlines centers on the greater emphasis offered by all caps versus the greater legibility offered by lower-case letters. Colin Wheildon conducted a scientific study with 224 readers who analyzed various headline styles and concluded that "Headlines set in capital letters are significantly less legible than those set in lower case." All caps typography

990-452: The 5 and 10-minute time limits, and 13.9 percent for the whole 20-minute period". Tinker concluded that, "Obviously, all-capital printing slows reading to a marked degree in comparison with Roman lower case." Tinker provides the following explanations for why all capital printing is more difficult to read: Text in all capitals covers about 35 percent more printing surface than the same material set in lower case. This would tend to increase

1045-434: The CRTC approved Corus's full ownership of Teletoon Canada and it was purchased by Corus on January 1, 2014. The channel continues to be owned by Teletoon Canada, now wholly owned by Corus Entertainment under its Corus Kids and Corus Média divisions. Many of the programs broadcast on Télétoon are French-dubbed versions of those shown on its English-language counterpart. Initially, both channels had identical schedules, airing

1100-466: The Cosby Kids . The channel shut down on September 1, 2015, and was replaced by La Chaîne Disney . All caps In typography , text or font in all caps (short for " all capitals ") contains capital letters without any lowercase letters. For example: THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG. All-caps text can be seen in legal documents, advertisements , newspaper headlines , and

1155-577: The U.S) utilize dubs mainly meant for audiences in Metropolitan France . At its inception in 1997, the channel had a stated goal of producing 78 half-hours of original content every year, and it has been active in commissioning programming since then. The licence granted by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) in 1996 required a gradual increase in the portion of Canadian programming on

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1210-456: The animation studios Cinar and Nelvana . With subsequent acquisitions and divestments, Corus became the sole owner in 2014. Télétoon's English-language counterpart, which launched in October 1997 as "Teletoon", would later be relaunched by Corus as a Canadian version of Cartoon Network on March 27, 2023. As of 2013, Télétoon has been available in over 7.3 million Canadian households. It

1265-537: The channel arose again in 2005, when on October 25, Teletoon Canada was given approval again to launch Teletoon Retro. The channel was launched at 6:00 PM EST on October 1, 2007, across all major television providers with its first program being The Bugs Bunny and Tweety Show . To coincide with the channel's launch, Teletoon briefly relaunched the Retro programming block. A French language counterpart, titled Télétoon Rétro , which had been given approval to be launched at

1320-405: The channel in 2001. An updated look for the channel, no longer featuring the original logo (and fully utilizing the wordmark that introduced as an alternate logo in 2001), was later created for a partial rebranding in 2005. The bumpers were removed in 2007 as part of an on-air rebranding. On February 5, 2007, Télétoon's on-air appearance and website were dramatically changed, and Le Détour's website

1375-560: The channel would be shut down effective September 1, 2015; some of its programming was moved to the main Teletoon network. The channel shut down at 6:00 AM on that date. On some providers, Teletoon Retro was replaced by either Disney Channel or Cartoon Network . The transition was legally structured so that Cartoon Network would cease to exist as a separately-licensed service as of September 1, 2015, and henceforth operate under Teletoon Retro's category B license instead. Cartoon Network

1430-523: The channels launched and their broadcast licenses expired on November 24, 2004. The "Teletoon Retro" concept would later be revived under a different license. Télétoon Sur Demande is a video on demand channel featuring series from Télétoon. Cartoon Network (formerly known as Teletoon) is the English counterpart and sister channel to Télétoon. It broadcasts most of the shows from its French-language counterpart in English, as well as shows acquired from

1485-679: The day progressed, with a solid commitment to air diverse and international programming and the ability to air a great majority of material uncut. A typical broadcast day started with preschool content at 7:00 a.m. EST and ended with adult content after midnight, airing more adult cartoons such as Duckman and various anime programs. In 1999, Télétoon started airing bumpers with its first mascot, Teletina. These bumpers were made by Spin Productions in Toronto. Several more bumpers using CGI animation with some made by Guru Studio premiered on

1540-462: The development of lower-case letters in the 8th century, texts in the Latin alphabet were written in a single case, which is now considered to be capital letters. Text in all caps is not widely used in body copy . The main exception to this is the so-called fine print in legal documents. Capital letters have been widely used in printed headlines from the early days of newspapers until the 1950s. In

1595-534: The evidence that all-capital printing retards speed of reading to a striking degree in comparison with lower case and is not liked by readers, it would seem wise to eliminate such printing whenever rapid reading and consumer (reader) views are of importance. Examples of this would include any continuous reading material, posters, bus cards, billboards, magazine advertising copy, headings in books, business forms and records, titles of articles, books and book chapters, and newspaper headlines. Colin Wheildon stated that there

1650-538: The eye recognizes letters by the shapes of their upper halves", asserts that recognizing words in all caps "becomes a task instead of a natural process". His conclusions, based on scientific testing in 1982–1990, are: "Headlines set in capital letters are significantly less legible than those set in lower case." John Ryder , in the Case for Legibility , stated that "Printing with capital letters can be done sufficiently well to arouse interest and, with short lines, reading at

1705-412: The following years some original series only appeared on one of the channels. As of November 2024: On November 24, 2000, the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) approved multiple applications from Teletoon Canada Inc. to launch six Category 2 television channels named Teletoon Action, Teletoon Adult, Teletoon Art, Teletoon Multi, Teletoon Pop and Teletoon Retro. None of

Télétoon - Misplaced Pages Continue

1760-528: The former inheriting the service's CRTC license and some of its carriage agreements. That channel would later relaunch under Cartoon Network's own classic animation brand Boomerang in 2023. Teletoon Retro started as a programming block on Teletoon. On November 24, 2000, Teletoon Canada was given approval by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) to launch a national English language category 2 specialty channel named Teletoon Retro. The channel never made it to air. Plans to launch

1815-569: The given identifier represents a constant . A practice exists (most commonly in Francophone countries) of distinguishing the surname from the rest of a personal name by stylizing the surname only in all caps. This practice is also common among Japanese, when names are spelled using Roman letters. In April 2013, the U.S. Navy moved away from an all caps-based messaging system, which was begun with 1850s-era teleprinters that had only uppercase letters. The switch to mixed-case communications

1870-567: The lower-case print is due to the characteristic word forms furnished by this type. This permits reading by word units, while all capitals tend to be read letter by letter. Furthermore, since all-capital printing takes at least one-third more space than lower case, more fixation pauses are required for reading the same amount of material. The use of all capitals should be dispensed with in every printing situation. According to Tinker, "As early as 1914, Starch reported that material set in Roman lower case

1925-431: The namesake U.S. cable channel . On March 24, 2014, Télétoon launched a high definition feed called Télétoon HD, which simulcasts the standard definition feed. The channel is available on Cogeco , Vidéotron , Bell Fibe TV, and Shaw Direct .. Télétoon Jr. Sur Demande was a video on demand multiplex channel and was named after a program block featuring animated series aimed at younger children's; shows included on

1980-523: The opportunity to add marginal notes emphasising key points. Legal writing expert Bryan A. Garner has described the practice as "ghastly". A 2020 study found that all-caps in legal texts is ineffective and is, in fact, harmful to older readers. In 2002, a US court spoke out against the practice, ruling that simply making text all-capitals has no bearing on whether it is clear and easily readable: Lawyers who think their caps lock keys are instant "make conspicuous" buttons are deluded. In determining whether

2035-489: The reading time. When this is combined with the difficulty in reading words in all-capital letters as units, the hindrance to rapid reading becomes marked. In the eye-movement study by Tinker and Patterson, the principal difference in oculomotor patterns between lower case and all capitals was the very large increase in number of fixation pauses for reading the all-capital print. All caps text should be eliminated from most forms of composition, according to Tinker: Considering

2090-548: The reasons of rights availability, for the reasons of the question of advertising to children in Québec and for the reason of dealing with the differences in the market, there might be variations in the services offered." To this end a requirement that all original programming be delivered in both languages was instituted. It had been relaxed to apply "whenever possible" by 2007 as market differences between English and Québecois/French-originated programming became more apparent, and over

2145-572: The same ROM. Game designers often choose to have less characters in favor of more tiles. With the advent of the bulletin board system , or BBS, and later the Internet, typing messages in all caps commonly became closely identified with "shouting" or attention-seeking behavior, and may be considered rude. Its equivalence to shouting traces back to at least 1984 and before the Internet, back to printed typography usage of all capitals to mean shouting. For this reason, etiquette generally discourages

2200-512: The same episode of the same program at the same time. Over time, their programming began to differ; Télétoon carries some translated programs that its English-language counterpart did not, as they are aired on other English cable networks. Many of the shows, such as The Simpsons and King of the Hill , are dubbed using domestic Québécois voice-over actors, while others (such as Naruto and virtually all series originating from Cartoon Network in

2255-770: The same time as Teletoon Retro, was launched on September 4, 2008. On February 4, 2013, the channel underwent a refresh with new graphics and bumpers created by John Lee, retiring the "television sets" era from 2009 to 2013. In addition, the channel also underwent a new logo, and the male announcer (still used on its parent network) was retired and replaced with a female announcer. However, the channel's slogan did not change. On March 4, 2013, Corus Entertainment announced that it would acquire Astral Media's 50% ownership interest in Teletoon Canada (owner of Teletoon , Télétoon , Teletoon Retro, Télétoon Rétro , and Cartoon Network ), along with several other properties. The purchase

Télétoon - Misplaced Pages Continue

2310-574: The schedule by about five percent each year starting from 40% in its first year of operation to 60% by 2002. In 1998, network management decided to focus on renewals instead of new shows – adopting a more cautious strategy than launching a significant number of new series, as it had in the prior year. By 2001, however, the station was noted as possibly being the Canadian channel with the highest spending on original production, having invested in 98 series, including 225 half-hour episodes that fall season. As

2365-590: The takeover in October 2012. Still, it was restructured to allow the sale of certain Astral Media properties so that the purchase could clear regulatory barriers. Bell filed a new application for the proposed takeover with the CRTC on March 6, 2013. Corus's purchase was cleared by the Competition Bureau on March 18; the CRTC approved the Bell-Astral merger on June 27, 2013. On December 20, 2013,

2420-425: The titles on book covers. Short strings of words in capital letters appear bolder and "louder" than mixed case, and this is sometimes referred to as "screaming" or "shouting". All caps can also be used to indicate that a given word is an acronym . Studies have been conducted on the readability and legibility of all caps text. Scientific testing from the 20th century onward has generally indicated that all caps text

2475-581: The use of all caps when posting messages online. While all caps can be used as an alternative to rich-text "bolding" for a single word or phrase, to express emphasis, repeated use of all caps can be considered "shouting" or irritating. Some aspects of Microsoft's Metro design language involve the use of all caps headings and titles. This has received particular attention when menu and ribbon titles appeared in all caps in Visual Studio 2012 and Office 2013 , respectively. Critics have compared this to

2530-551: The years, Cinar Films came to own a 20% stake, and Astral Media and Corus Entertainment each owned a 40% stake. In 2006, Cinar sold 10% of its stake in Teletoon to each of Astral and Corus, leading the two companies to each own 50% of Télétoon. On March 4, 2013, Corus Entertainment announced that it would acquire Astral Media's 50% ownership interest in Teletoon Canada (owner of Teletoon, Télétoon, Teletoon Retro , Télétoon Rétro and Cartoon Network ). The purchase concerned Bell Media 's pending takeover of Astral. The CRTC had rejected

2585-643: Was common on teletype machines, such as those used by police departments, news, and the United States' then-called Weather Bureau , as well as early computers, such as certain early Apple II models and the ZX81 , which had a limited support for lower-case text. This changed as full support of ASCII became standard, allowing lower-case characters. Some Soviet computers , such as Radio-86RK , Vector-06C , Agat-7 , use 7-bit encoding called KOI-7N2, where capital Cyrillic letters replace lower-case Latin letters in

2640-496: Was estimated to save the Navy $ 20 million a year and is compliant with current Internet protocol. An antiquated practice that still remains in use, especially by older American lawyers who grew up before the arrival of computers, is to use all caps text for text that is legally required to be emphasised and clearly readable. The practice dates to the period of typewriters, which generally did not offer bold text, small capitals, or

2695-438: Was in relation to Bell Media 's pending takeover of Astral (which had earlier been rejected by the CRTC in October 2012, but was restructured to allow the sale of certain Astral Media properties in order to allow the purchase to clear regulatory hurdles). Corus's purchase was cleared by the Competition Bureau two weeks later on March 18. On December 20, 2013, the CRTC approved Corus's full ownership of Teletoon Canada and it

2750-433: Was licensed in 1996 by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC). The French-language channel was the first to be launched on September 8, 1997. It used the slogan La station de l'animation ('The Animation Station', the same as that of the contemporary English-language channel), and later added and then switched to Imagine! . When Télétoon was launched in 1997, it showed more mature fare as

2805-702: Was moved to teletoon.com. The look of the channel and the Le Détour block changed. On September 5, 2011, Télétoon's branding was changed to coincide with the 50th anniversary of co-owner Astral Media and to reflect the transition from analogue to digital television . Télétoon la Nuit's on-air branding was not changed until 2020. In August 2015, it was announced that Télétoon Rétro would be shutting down, and some series would be moving to Télétoon on September 1. On February 21, 2023, Corus announced that Teletoon would be rebranded as Cartoon Network on March 27, 2023. No significant changes were made to Télétoon itself, and

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2860-463: Was purchased by Corus on January 1, 2014. The channel continues to be owned by Teletoon Canada, now wholly owned by Corus Entertainment under its Corus Kids division. On March 1, 2014, a high definition simulcast of the channel was launched. The only two providers to carry it were Cogeco and Bell Fibe TV . Shaw Direct, SaskTel, Bell MTS, and Telus Optik TV never launched the feed in time. In August 2015, Teletoon Retro's website announced that

2915-427: Was read somewhat faster than similar material printed in all capitals." Another study in 1928 showed that "all-capital text was read 11.8 percent slower than lower case, or approximately 38 words per minute slower", and that "nine-tenths of adult readers consider lower case more legible than all capitals". A 1955 study by Miles Tinker showed that "all-capital text retarded speed of reading from 9.5 to 19.0 percent for

2970-580: Was spun off from Shaw Communications (who had owned a stake in Télétoon through YTV). In 2000, Western International Communications (who owned a stake in Télétoon through the Family Channel alongside Astral Media) sold its stake in Télétoon to Corus Entertainment. The same year, Corus acquired Nelvana, another company with a stake in Télétoon. Due to a complaint from the CRTC, Corus sold the stake to Astral Media in 2001. Through various acquisitions over

3025-827: Was ultimately relaunched as a Canadian version of Boomerang on March 27, 2023, thus returning a classic animation format to the former Teletoon Retro channel space. Teletoon Retro primarily aired classic animated programming; its CRTC license specified that programming had to have been produced at least 10 years prior. While primarily devoted to animation, its CRTC license allowed as much as 10% of its programming to be live action and animated cartoons such as The Bugs Bunny and Tweety Show , Scooby-Doo , The Flintstones and others; as such, it also aired some live-action series, such as Batman , Fraggle Rock , and Mighty Morphin Power Rangers . The network also aired 1980s action-genre cartoons: Transformers , He-Man and

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