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142-511: UK rap , also known as British hip hop or UK hip hop , is a music genre and culture that covers a variety of styles of hip hop music made in the United Kingdom . It is generally classified as one of a number of styles of R&B/hip-hop . British hip hop can also be referred to as Brit-hop , a term coined and popularised mainly by British Vogue magazine and the BBC . British hip hop

284-495: A British hip hop Orchestra that "explore the shared territory between jazz and hip hop by taking modern classics such as Madvillain and J Dilla’s back catalogue and filtering them through classic arrangement techniques." The group is influenced by the style of hip hip associated with Detroit in the US and have recorded with Illa J and Slum Village . They perform with UK MC's Micall Parknsun, Joker Starr and Yungun . By 2014, grime music

426-696: A Gun and was the first British rapper to appear on Top of the Pops . Building on Derek B's success, Music of Life went on to sign groups such as Hijack , the Demon Boyz , Hardnoise (later Son of Noise) and MC Duke . Their Hard as Hell series mixed homegrown talent like Thrashpack and the She Rockers with US artists such as Professor Griff . Music of Life was swiftly followed by other labels such as Mango Records and Kold Sweat. Another successful British hip-hop artist that emerged from Music of Life

568-478: A Mercury Music Prize for his debut Boy in da Corner . From then on, grime artists were the only MC's for interested record labels, and UK Hip-Hop's momentum dried up. A new generation of young socially conscious hip-hop musicians emerged as a counter to the grime scene that many in the UK Hip Hop scene perceived as commercial. These rappers strived to bring attention to both positivity and lyricism as well as

710-772: A broader and wider range of music styles. In addition, social identity also plays a large role in music preference. Personality is a key contributor for music selection. Those who consider themselves to be "rebels" will tend to choose heavier music styles like heavy metal or hard rock , while those who consider themselves to be more "relaxed" or "laid back" will tend to choose lighter music styles like jazz or classical music. According to one model, there are five main factors that exist that underlie music preferences that are genre-free, and reflect emotional/affective responses. These five factors are: Studies have shown that while women prefer more treble oriented music, men prefer to listen to bass-heavy music. A preference for bass-heavy music

852-641: A club tour in April. The single became the band's first UK number-one record, staying at the top for five weeks in May 1981. The band spent much of the summer touring continental Europe before returning to London's AIR Studios to complete their third album. The album's second single was the title track " Prince Charming "; it peaked at number one on the UK Singles Chart for four weeks in September 1981. In

994-484: A combination of "heroic imagery, sexmusic and tribalism" while highlighting the early influence of Malcom McLaren. Paul Evans of Rolling Stone 's album guide described the band as "leering, self-mythologising ... loopy faux-teen fun" and Ant as a "the campiest figurehead of the New Romantic moment". Commentators also noted the links between Antmania and the glam-rock of Marc Bolan and David Bowie in

1136-404: A commodity and (4) in capitalist societies, subject to the laws of 'free' enterprise_ it should ideally sell as much as possible. The distinction between classical and popular music has sometimes been blurred in marginal areas such as minimalist music and light classics. Background music for films/movies often draws on both traditions. In this respect, music is like fiction, which likewise draws

1278-600: A cover of "Antmusic" with Leeroy Thornhill of The Prodigy on lead vocals. In April 2009, No Doubt performed a cover of "Stand and Deliver" on the US television show Gossip Girl episode " Valley Girls ", and performed it at The Bamboozle music festival in May 2009. In 2011, CBBC programme Horrible Histories featured the song " Dick Turpin ", which is a pastiche on Adam and the Ants' "Stand and Deliver". A short film starring Nick Moran as Ant and Mackenzie Crook as Tibbs, called Ant Muzak (2002), depicts Adam and

1420-584: A distinction between literary fiction and popular fiction that is not always precise. Country music, also known as country and western (or simply country) and hillbilly music, is a genre of popular music that originated in the southern United States in the early 1920s. Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments , digital instruments, or circuitry-based music technology in its creation. Contemporary electronic music includes many varieties and ranges from experimental art music to popular forms such as electronic dance music (EDM). Funk

1562-650: A few examples of their pieces. While many early rappers from the UK, such as Derek B , imitated the styles and accents of their US heroes, there were many who realised that to merely transpose US forms would rob UK hip-hop of the ability to speak for a disenfranchised British constituency in the way that US hip-hop so successfully spoke to, and for, its audience. Attempts were made by UK rappers to develop styles more obviously rooted in British semantics , syntax and dialectical linguistic praxis and practices — Rodney P of

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1704-727: A full UK tour in Spring 2015. The Dirk-performance section, and other portions of the Hammersmith concert, were released on DVD in 2015 as Dirk Live At The Apollo . In 2016, this exercise was repeated with the Kings of the Wild Frontier album, which was performed on tour in the UK and the US to promote a deluxe-gold vinyl reissue by Sony Records , which charted in the UK Albums Chart at number 69. The visual aspect formed

1846-654: A guest VJ on the station, they are associated in the United States with the Second British Invasion . Before forming Adam and the Ants, Adam Ant (Stuart Leslie Goddard) played bass in pub rock group Bazooka Joe , who are now mostly known for headlining the show at which the Sex Pistols played their first gig on 6 November 1975 at Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design . Bazooka Joe disbanded soon afterward. While looking to form

1988-400: A high percentage of non-white individuals. Such places allow youth to share culture with one another, including musical genres such as hip hop. Cross pollination through migrating West Indians helped develop a community interested in the music. The integration of sound systems represent a distinct British Caribbean influence. Sound systems allowed for powerful syncopated bass runs and

2130-409: A large part of the impact of Adam and the Ants, especially at the height of their success between 1980 and early 1982. Al Spicer noted, "Adam's career is better defined by his changing image than his music". Together with their music videos and flamboyant stage presence, Adam and the Ants had significant mainstream success that was dubbed "Antmania" in the British press. Simon Reynolds called Antmania

2272-521: A later single " This Is Radio Clash " (1981). Even earlier than this, in 1979, Ian Dury and the Blockheads released " Reasons to Be Cheerful (Part 3) ", another record with influences from hip hop. Then Sex Pistols manager Malcolm McLaren 's " Buffalo Gals " (Charisma, 1982), featuring the New York hip hop group World's Famous Supreme Team , was the breakthrough hit that introduced the genre to

2414-604: A major deal with Virgin Records in 1995. Continuing their relationship with Trevor Jackson as their producer, they released 3 singles 'Alphabetical Response', 'One Shot', 'Punk Funk' and their album Elementalz , all in 1996. Their work was met with critical acclaim and they toured solidly with American artists including Cypress Hill, The Roots and WuTang, but big record sales seemed to be very elusive and they parted ways with Virgin in 1998. In late 1996, Will Ashon started up his new Ninja Tune backed label Big Dada and planned

2556-473: A new band, Ant befriended some influential figures in the burgeoning London punk scene, most notably Jordan , who worked in Malcolm McLaren 's and Vivienne Westwood 's SEX boutique. In early 1977, Ant formed a new band named The Ants with Lester Square on guitar, Andy Warren on bass guitar, and Paul Flanagan on drums. Ant inducted the three sidemen into his band at an initial band meeting at

2698-412: A roster of performers. Bandit of Birmingham's MSI/Asylum crew informed Will of Juice Aleem that he was contemplating who could truly represent the ethos of the new label. Ashon was impressed with the demo and agreed to have Aleem on board. The results of this were the first release of the now famous record label: in 1997 Juice featured on Big Dada record label's first ever release[2], "Misanthropic", under

2840-427: A strong cult following but struggled to find mainstream success and sign a record deal – apart from the two Jubilee soundtrack songs – until 1978, when they were signed to Decca Records . Al Spicer described this first incarnation of the band as "a fairly standard black-leather, sour-puss punk image, with songs that had a habit of building slowly towards a full-volume ' sturm-und-drang ' climax". Adam and

2982-490: A subcategory within major genres or their subgenres. The genealogy of musical genres expresses, often in the form of a written chart. New genres of music can arise through the development of new styles of music; in addition to simply creating a new categorization. Although it is conceivable to create a musical style with no relation to existing genres, new styles usually appear under the influence of pre-existing genres. Musicologists have sometimes classified music according to

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3124-432: A trichotomous distinction such as Philip Tagg's "axiomatic triangle consisting of 'folk', 'art' and 'popular' musics". He explains that each of these three is distinguishable from the others according to certain criteria. Automatic methods of musical similarity detection, based on data mining and co-occurrence analysis, have been developed to classify music titles for electronic music distribution. Glenn McDonald,

3266-524: A world reference since the east–west tensions during the Early Modern Period . Traditional folk music usually refers to songs composed in the twentieth century, which tend to be written as universal truths and big issues of the time they were composed. Artists including Bob Dylan ; Peter, Paul and Mary ; James Taylor ; and Leonard Cohen , transformed folk music to what it is known today. Newer composers such as Ed Sheeran (pop folk) and

3408-455: Is a subordinate within a genre. In music terms, it is a subcategory of a musical genre that adopts its basic characteristics, but also has its own set of characteristics that clearly distinguish and set it apart within the genre. A subgenre is also often being referred to as a style of the genre. The proliferation of popular music in the 20th century has led to over 1,200 definable subgenres of music. A musical composition may be situated in

3550-537: Is a broad genre of popular music that originated as " rock and roll " in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s, developing into a range of different styles in the mid-1960s and later, particularly in the United States and the United Kingdom. Heavy metal evolved from hard rock , psychedelic rock , and blues rock in late 1960s and 1970s with notable acts such as Black Sabbath , Judas Priest and Motörhead . The popularity of heavy metal soared in

3692-474: Is a broad sonic church, encompassing anything made in Britain by musicians informed or inspired by hip-hop's possibilities, whose music is a response to the same stimuli that gave birth to rap in New York in the mid-Seventies. Although the underground scene was well established by the late 1980s, UK rap music saw little commercial success for several decades. Outside of a few exceptions such as Derek B and later

3834-439: Is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form during the mid-1950s in the United States and the United Kingdom. The terms popular music and pop music are often used interchangeably, although the former describes all music that is popular and includes many disparate styles. The aggressiveness of the musical and performative style, based on structural simplicity and the vigorous rhythms of rock'n'roll style, reinforced

3976-605: Is a music genre that originated in African American communities in the mid-1960s when musicians created a rhythmic , danceable new form of music through a mixture of soul, jazz, and rhythm and blues (R&B). Hip Hop music, also referred to as hip-hop or rap music , is a genre of music that was started in the United States, specifically the South Bronx in the New York City by African-American youth from

4118-462: Is a subgenre of drill music and road rap that originated in the South London district of Brixton from 2012 onwards. Borrowing heavily from the style of Chicago drill music , UK drill artists often rap about violent and hedonistic criminal lifestyles. Typically, those who create this style of music are affiliated with gangs or come from socioeconomically-deprived neighbourhoods where crime

4260-542: Is a way of life for many. UK drill music is closely related to road rap, a British style of gangsta rap that became popular in the years prior to the existence of drill. Musically, UK drill often exhibits violent language and provocative lyrics. The early 2010s also saw the emergence of an underground UK hip hop scene emulating the earlier wave of 2000s rappers such as Jehst, Task Force, King Kashmere, MysDiggi and Skinnyman. With complex lyrics and rhyme schemes and '90s New York boom bap influenced production, High Focus Records

4402-540: Is generally defined similarly by many authors and musicologists, while the related term style has different interpretations and definitions. Some, like Peter van der Merwe , treat the terms genre and style as the same, saying that genre should be defined as pieces of music that share a certain style or "basic musical language". Others, such as Allan F. Moore, state that genre and style are two separate terms, and that secondary characteristics such as subject matter can also differentiate between genres. A subgenre

UK rap - Misplaced Pages Continue

4544-679: Is it about exploiting wealth or hitting it rich. Success followed The Streets ' 2002 album Original Pirate Material , and he became one of the first of the new breed of British hip hop artists to gain respectable sales, though his verbal style resulted in him being shunned by many artists in the scene. Such success has caused a surge in media exposure of other British hip hop acts. Welsh rap group Goldie Lookin Chain also achieved chart success with their tongue-in-cheek take on hip-hop. Key records such as Skinnyman 's Council Estate of Mind , and Klashnekoff's The Sagas Of... were released, cementing

4686-725: Is lumped into existing categories or else a proliferation of derivative subgenres , fusion genres and "micro genres" starts to accrue. Douglass M. Green distinguishes between genre and form in his book Form in Tonal Music . He lists madrigal , motet , canzona , ricercar , and dance as examples of genres from the Renaissance period. To further clarify the meaning of genre , Green writes about " Beethoven's Op. 61 " and "Mendelssohn's Op. 64 ". He explains that both are identical in genre and are violin concertos that have different forms. However, Mozart's Rondo for Piano, K. 511, and

4828-403: Is orally passed from one generation to another. Usually, the artist is unknown, and there are several versions of the same song. The genre is transmitted by singing, listening and dancing to popular songs. This type of communication allows culture to transmit the styles (pitches and cadences) as well as the context it was developed. Culturally transmitting folk songs maintain rich evidence about

4970-477: Is pivoted around sound recording technologies (for example jazz , pop, rock, rap and so on). These last two branches are created by means of the above-mentioned audiotactile matrix in which the formative medium is the Audiotactile Principle. Art music primarily includes classical traditions, including both contemporary and historical classical music forms. Art music exists in many parts of

5112-490: Is so particularly in the case of western classical music. Art music may include certain forms of jazz , though some feel that jazz is primarily a form of popular music. The 1960s saw a wave of avant-garde experimentation in free jazz, represented by artists such as Ornette Coleman , Sun Ra , Albert Ayler , Archie Shepp and Don Cherry . Additionally, avant-garde rock artists such as Frank Zappa , Captain Beefheart , and

5254-425: Is sometimes paired with borderline and antisocial personalities. Age is another strong factor that contributes to musical preference. Evidence is available that shows that music preference can change as one gets older. A Canadian study showed that adolescents show greater interest in pop music artists while adults and the elderly population prefer classic genres such as rock, opera, and jazz . Adam and

5396-523: The Last of the Summer Wine episode " The Waist Land ". In early 1995, Ant and Pirroni joined Nine Inch Nails on stage to perform "Physical (You're So)", "Red Scab", and "Beat My Guest"; three songs from Adam and the Ants' early catalogue. Nine Inch Nails also covered "Physical (You're So)" on their 1992 EP Broken . On 8 May 2006, Hyper released their debut album We Control , which includes

5538-568: The Agnus Dei from his Mass, K. 317, are quite different in genre but happen to be similar in form." In 1982, Franco Fabbri proposed a definition of the musical genre that is now considered to be normative: "musical genre is a set of musical events (real or possible) whose course is governed by a definite set of socially accepted rules", where a musical event can be defined as "any type of activity performed around any type of event involving sound". A music genre or subgenre may be defined by

5680-578: The Dirk Wears White Sox track " Cartrouble Part 2 " as a contract-fulfilling single for Do It. The label hired Hughes to produce the duo at Rockfield Studios in Wales, after which they asked Hughes to join. The label released the single under the title "Cartrouble" in March 1980, with Moss credited as "Terry 1+2". Ant and Pirroni signed a publishing deal with EMI , and worked with Hughes and

5822-633: The Kaliphz , Jeep Beat Collective and MC Tunes . Bristol's scene has a long history going right back to the early 1980s where links were made with outfits from New York. The Fearless Four came over in 1984 along with graffiti legends the Tats Cru and Rock Steady Crew . Bristol (specifically the St. Pauls area) produced The Wild Bunch (later better known as Massive Attack ), and Nellee Hooper who went on to produce for Soul II Soul . The city later became

UK rap - Misplaced Pages Continue

5964-574: The London Posse deliberately chose a London accent – although many succeeded only in adopting a slurred hybrid that located the rap "somewhere in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean". The first record label devoted to releasing UK hip hop acts was founded in 1986. Simon Harris ' Music of Life label was home to rapper Derek B , the first UK rapper to achieve chart success. He even collaborated with Public Enemy on his album Bullet from

6106-599: The Roxy Club on 23 April 1977, the night of a gig there by Siouxsie and the Banshees . A month later, Square left to finish his course at Hornsey College of Art and he later formed The Monochrome Set . Square was replaced by Mark Ryan , and this line-up began to play regular gigs starting with the Institute of Contemporary Arts cafe on 10 May 1977 and taking in support slots around London. In early June, Flanagan

6248-476: The musical techniques , the cultural context, and the content and spirit of the themes. Geographical origin is sometimes used to identify a music genre, though a single geographical category will often include a wide variety of subgenres. Timothy Laurie argues that, since the early 1980s, "genre has graduated from being a subset of popular music studies to being an almost ubiquitous framework for constituting and evaluating musical research objects". The term genre

6390-633: The "Frolic EP Pt 1" (Pleasure Music, 1995), Mark B released "Any More Questions?" (Jazz Fudge, 1995) and DJ Skitz released "Where My Mind Is At/Blessed Be The Manor" (Ronin Records, 1996) featuring a young rapper called Roots Manuva on guest vocals who had previously released the single "Next Type of Motion" (Sound of Money, 1995). Record labels that attempted to merge British hip hop style and sensibilities with modern dance music began to emerge, like Mark Rae 's Grand Central (home to Aim, Rae & Christian, and Fingathing, among others) or DJ Vadim 's Jazz Fudge. Increasingly, these artists managed to avoid

6532-441: The 1970s. The band seized the opportunities provided by music videos on the new channel MTV to develop a theatrical, charismatic, and heroic persona. With romantic costumes and heavy make-up, the band was often seen as an early example of the New Romantic movement, though Adam Ant has always denied any connection with that movement. Lavish videos were produced for "Stand and Deliver", "Prince Charming", and "Ant Rap". All Adam and

6674-539: The 1980s was not just confined to music and break-dancing, but also involved the spread of New York City-style graffiti – another integral element of US hip hop culture — to London and other UK inner-city areas, both on walls and trains. The most direct influence was, however, on graffiti painted in London Underground trains. Teenagers from inner London and other European cities who were into electro-hip hop and had family and other links to New York City had by

6816-454: The 1980s with bands such as Iron Maiden , Metallica and Guns 'n' Roses . It has a rougher style and heavier sound than other forms of rock music, with notable subgenres such as thrash metal , hair metal and death metal . Soul music became a musical genre that came to include a wide variety of R&B-based music styles from the pop R&B acts at Motown Records in Detroit, such as

6958-471: The 1980s, by the early 1990s the scene had moved underground after record companies pulled back. In the mid-1990s hip hop in the UK started to experiment and diversify – often mutating into diverse genres entirely, such as trip hop and began making inroads into the US market. As the old rappers left the scene, a new generation, raised on hip hop and electronica , was coming of age: The Herbaliser released Remedies ( Ninja Tune , 1995), Mr. Scruff released

7100-499: The African-American communities of New Orleans, Louisiana, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with its roots in blues and ragtime. Latin music is a genre of music that originated in the United States due to the growing influence of Latino Americans in the music industry. It is a term used by the music industry to describe music in a catch-all category for various music styles from Ibero-America . Pop

7242-626: The Ants Adam and the Ants were an English pop band that formed in London in 1977. The band existed in two versions, both fronted by Adam Ant , between 1977 and 1982. The first phase began when the band were founded in May 1977 and were called the Ants until November of that year. They later changed their style from punk rock to post-punk and new wave and released one album. The final line-up of this version consisted of Dave Barbarossa , Matthew Ashman , and Leigh Gorman —all of whom left

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7384-743: The Ants at the forefront of the New Romantic movement, and the band completed a 32-day UK tour. The album reached number one on the UK Albums Chart on 24 January 1981. A third single " Antmusic " was released later in November; it peaked at number two in January 1981 and at number one in Australia, where it stayed for five weeks. Both Decca and Do It Records re-released the band's previous output; "Young Parisians" reached number nine in

7526-493: The Ants have remained staples of his solo live concerts. His partnership with Pirroni continued until the two fell out in March 2010. During the late 2000s and early 2010s, Pirroni was a member of The Wolfmen with Ant's 1982-1985 bassist Chris Constantinou ; they released two albums together. Hughes and Tibbs formed the short-lived duo Merrick and Tibbs and released the single "Call of the Wild" in 1983. It peaked at number 95 in

7668-419: The Ants made their radio debut on John Peel 's BBC Radio 1 show when they recorded a session on 23 January 1978 that included the songs " Deutscher Girls ", "It Doesn't Matter", "Puerto Rican" and "Lou" – the latter of which featured the group's manager Jordan on lead vocals, as she regularly did during live performances until 14 May 1978, when she left the band after a gig at Roundhouse . The day after

7810-464: The Ants music videos were produced and storyboarded by Ant; these videos helped to establish the band in the United States when MTV began airing them in 1981. The "Prince Charming" video includes a guest appearance by British film actor Diana Dors as the Fairy Godmother , and the video for "Ant Rap" includes Scottish pop singer Lulu as the "damsel in distress". The band is mentioned in

7952-562: The Ants played a sell-out New Year's Day gig at Electric Ballroom. At the end of January 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, bassist Leigh Gorman, and drummer Dave Barbe to leave Adam and the Ants and form Bow Wow Wow , which was fronted by Annabella Lwin . In the following months, a new version of Adam and the Ants was formed with Marco Pirroni (guitar), Kevin Mooney (bass guitar), and drummers Terry Lee Miall and Chris "Merrick" Hughes . Pirroni became an influential member of

8094-541: The BBC Television police comedy Operation Good Guys . In 1990, a ten-track selection of the early radio sessions was released as Peel Sessions . All three sessions appeared in full on the 2001 album The Complete Radio 1 Sessions with a 1995 acoustic session by Ant, Pirroni and Boz Boorer . Antbox , a retrospective box-set spanning Ant's career from the late 1970s to the 1990s was released in 2000. The box set included 66 tracks on three CDs and quickly sold

8236-648: The EP peaked at number 46. In early 1982, Adam and the Ants won British Album of the Year for Kings of the Wild Frontier at the BRIT Awards where they were also nominated for Best British Group and twice in the Best British Single category for "Prince Charming" and "Stand and Deliver". They were also nominated for Best New Artist at the 24th Annual Grammy Awards in 1982. Ant and Pirroni also received

8378-481: The Lumineers (American folk) are examples of contemporary folk music, which has been recorded and adapted to the new way of listening to music (online)—unlike the traditional way of orally transmitting music. Each country in the world, in some cases each region, district and community, has its own folk music style. The sub-divisions of folk genre are developed by each place, cultural identity and history. Because

8520-722: The Mercury Music Prize for their album Dead . The album entered the UK chart at 35 after they won the award. Riz Ahmed , also known as Riz MC, was featured in the song " Immigrants (We Get the Job Done) " in The Hamilton Mixtape , which topped the Billboard 200 chart in 2016. At the 2017 MTV Video Music Awards (VMAs), "Immigrants" won the award for Best Fight Against the System . The early 2010s saw

8662-587: The Nation , whose MC Fusion would espouse conscious anti-racist, sexist and homophobic lyrics. The band would also find some brief mainstream success with their indie rock crossover sound. Leeds spawned Braintax and Breaking the Illusion (who together founded Low Life Records ) as well as Nightmares on Wax . Greater Manchester gave birth to the Ruthless Rap Assassins , Krispy 3 (later Krispy),

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8804-533: The New York City MTA. At the same time, graffiti art on London Underground trains generated some interest in the media and arts, leading to several art galleries putting on exhibitions of some of the art work (on canvas) of a few London train writers as well as TV documentaries on London hip hop culture like the BBC's Bad Meaning Good , which included a section featuring interviews with London train writers and

8946-587: The Peel Session, they re-recorded "Deutscher Girls" and overdubbed a new guitar break on the Chapells Studio version of "Plastic Surgery" at AIR Studios for the Jubilee soundtrack album, which was released later that year. The un-dubbed version can be heard in the film itself. On 15 May 1978, the afternoon after Jordan's final gig with Adam and the Ants, Bivouac also left the band and soon after

9088-592: The Residents released art music albums. Popular music is any musical style accessible to the general public and disseminated by the mass media. Musicologist and popular music specialist Philip Tagg defined the notion in the light of sociocultural and economical aspects: Popular music, unlike art music, is (1) conceived for mass distribution to large and often socioculturally heterogeneous groups of listeners, (2) stored and distributed in non-written form, (3) only possible in an industrial monetary economy where it becomes

9230-551: The Songwriter of the Year Award for "Stand and Deliver" at the 27th Ivor Novello Awards in April 1982. In March 1982, Ant disbanded Adam and the Ants. Newspaper articles of the time offered different explanations for the breakup. Initially, Ant was quoted as saying the split was amicable but he later said; "the interest just wasn't there any more. It might have been Adam and the Ants on the billboards but not on stage". It

9372-751: The Temptations , Gladys Knight & the Pips , Marvin Gaye and Four Tops , to " deep soul " singers such as Percy Sledge and James Carr . The polka is originally a Czech dance and genre of dance music familiar throughout Europe and the Americas. Religious music (also referred as sacred music) is music performed or composed for religious use or through religious influence. Gospel , spiritual, and Christian music are examples of religious music. Traditional and folk music are very similar categories. Although

9514-423: The UK Albums Chart and was certified platinum on 1 March 2011. He also won a Brit Award for his number one single " Pass Out ". Rapper Plan B found success with his 2010 Hip Hop and Soul fusion album The Defamation of Strickland Banks , followed by the soundtrack album Ill Manors in 2012, both of which peaked at number 1 in the UK Albums Chart . In 2014, Scottish alternative hip-hop trio Young Fathers won

9656-518: The UK Singles Chart in February that year. Mooney later formed the acts Wide Boy Awake with Jordan, and Max with Ashman. Barbe's, Ashman's, and Gorman's post-Ants band Bow Wow Wow had two UK Top 10 hits. The trio later formed Chiefs of Relief and released a self-titled album on Sire Records , by which point only Ashman remained. The Monochrome Set, which included Warren and Square, has released fourteen albums to date. Bivouac starred as Strings in

9798-608: The UK Top 10 Hip Hop chart. In 1987, Positive Beat Records came out of the hotbed of early UK hip hop, Ladbroke Grove in London with two releases. The label followed up the single "It's Getting Rough" by Rocky X and D-D Dance with the Various Artists' Known 2 Be Down album. This featured Sir Drew (of KREW and Newtrament ), MC Flex, She Rockers , Rapski and more of West London's finest rap talents. Other notable labels at

9940-541: The UK in December 1980 and Dirk Wears White Sox peaked at number 16 in the UK Albums Chart in February 1981. "Cartrouble" and "Zerox" also charted that month, peaking at numbers 33 and 45, respectively, in the UK Singles Chart. In February 1981, Adam and the Ants played at the Royal Variety Performance , the band played two songs "Antmusic" and "Dog Eat Dog" but bass player Mooney refused to take

10082-406: The US, British hip hop emerged as a scene from graffiti and breakdancing , and then through to DJing and rapping live at parties and club nights, with its supporters predominantly listening to and influenced by US hip hop. Unlike in the US, the British hip hop scene was cross-racial from the beginning, as diverse ethnic groups in Britain tend not to live in segregated areas, even in areas with

10224-406: The United Kingdom — McLaren's Duck Rock album as a whole experimented with many musical styles from around the world. "Buffalo Gals" and another track from the album, "World's Famous" which also featured the group, used techniques which have been established in hip hop in the United States, such as sampling and scratching . McLaren even included a song referencing the ' Double Dutch ' dance that

10366-682: The Wize in 1992, then Untitled 93 and XXIII in 1993, and Hip Hop N' Rap in 1994, all on the Bite It! label. None of the records sold in huge numbers but they managed to gain airplay on the Tim Westwood show and DJ 279's show on Choice FM , gaining them a solid following across the UK. Bite It! also released tracks from artists such as Pauly Ryan and the Scientists of Sound. Following an initial flurry of interest from major record labels in

10508-421: The ability to bring this sound to other venues creating a club culture . There were, however, British tunes starting to appear. There are an abundance of records that are often credited with being the first British hip hop release, "Christmas Rapping" by Dizzy Heights (Polydor, 1982), is often credited as such, as well as the slightly later released "London Bridge" by Newtrament (Jive Records, 1983). Dizzy Heights

10650-520: The album spawned the 2001 top 40 single "Ya Don't See the Signs", which was a remix by Feeder frontman Grant Nicholas , after the title track was a top 75 hit and Blade with Mark B supported Feeder. The same year, Bristol's Hombré label released the "2012 EP" from Aspects , a benchmark release within the movement. Roots Manuva , Blak Twang , Mud Family , Ti2bs , Task Force , Phi Life Cypher , MSI & Asylum, Jeep Beat Collective and Ty all came to

10792-411: The album, as well as the previous single "Kings of the Wild Frontier" is listed on the official top 50 best-selling singles of 1981, "Stand and Deliver" and "Prince Charming" as the third and fourth best-selling single respectively. By the end of January 1982 the band had completed their touring obligations. More of the band's early material was re-released in the first half of 1982. Polydor reissued

10934-479: The band embarked on a 17-show Zerox Tour around Britain in support, culminating in a sell-out show at London Lyceum on 5 August. At the end of August, the band started recording their debut album at Sound Development Studios in London. Ant wrote and produced the material recorded at the sessions, which were completed within weeks because the band had rehearsed most of the material on stage. After two sell-out shows at Electric Ballroom , Ant sacked Ashman and Warren,

11076-438: The band in January 1980 at the suggestion of manager Malcolm McLaren to form Bow Wow Wow . The second version of Adam and the Ants included guitarist Marco Pirroni and drummer-and-producer Chris Hughes and was noted for its use of Burundi drums . This band existed from February 1980 to March 1982 and achieved significant commercial success in the UK. With their music videos receiving airplay on MTV and Ant appearing as

11218-498: The band recorded a planned second single of "Zerox" and "Kick" at RAK Studios in London produced by Stephen "Snips" Parsons . but after the first single met with little success, the company abandoned plans for a second release. In January 1979, the band embarked on their Young Parisians Tour of the UK, which ran throughout January and February. Additional material was recorded at Decca's studio in West Hampstead , and

11360-509: The band recorded a third Peel Session on 26 March 1979 that included "Ligotage", "Tabletalk", "Animals & Men", and "Never Trust A Man (With Egg On His Face)". After the Decca single's release, the band signed with the independent label Do It Records and re-recorded the second single, "Zerox", backed with "Whip In My Valise", at Roundhouse Studios. "Zerox" was released in July 1979, after which

11502-452: The band's name was extended to Adam and the Ants. Touring extensively around the UK, often with Siouxsie and the Banshees, Adam and the Ants were unpopular with much of the British music press, who disliked their fetishistic lyrics and imagery. In response, the group formed a strong – and at times ideological – rapport with amateur punk fanzines such as Ripped and Torn , which gave them more favourable coverage. The band built up

11644-455: The band's work, and they completed recording at Rockfield by the end of August. A second single, " Dog Eat Dog " was released in October; it reached the top 10 and resulted in the band's first appearance on BBC Television 's weekly music show Top of the Pops . In November 1980, the album Kings of the Wild Frontier was released and became a hit in the United Kingdom, putting Adam and

11786-535: The birth of trip-hop , from the 1980s until the early 2010s UK rap made up a small percentage of album sales in the domestic market. Performers saw much wider success in the 2020s, including Stormzy headlining Glastonbury Festival , Dave releasing back-to-back UK number one albums with Psychodrama followed by We're All Alone in This Together , and Little Simz winning the Mercury Prize . As in

11928-537: The challenging and provocative character, within the universe of modern music. Reggae music, originating from the late 1960s Jamaica , is a genre of music that was originally used by Jamaicans to define themselves with their lifestyle and social aspects. The meaning behind reggae songs tend to be about love, faith or a higher power, and freedom. Reggae music is important to Jamaican culture as it has been used as inspiration for many third world liberation movements. Bob Marley , an artist primarily known for reggae music,

12070-560: The chart success of some British-born hip hop artists – for example Monie Love , Slick Rick , Young MC and MF Doom , who all moved to the US – the majority of the scene was still underground and small scale. Kinetic Effect joined the scene in the early 1980s and was part of rap outfit 2 the Top as D-Koy; later, in 1991, he teamed with Insane Macbeth to record "Borderin' Insanity" (released in 1993) and in 1995, he recorded "Man Bites Dog"/"The Effect of Fear" Their song "The Rhythm I Give 'Em" made

12212-468: The emergence of UK afrobeats , led by artists such as Mista Silva , Kwamz, Fuse ODG , and Timbo. Around the same time, artists such as Sneakbo and Timbo were incorporating melodic rap and Caribbean influences into their music. The foundation set by these artists would later be a major influence on Afroswing , a genre that emerged around 2014 derivative of UK afrobeats while carrying influences from grime , dancehall , hip hop , and R&B . UK drill

12354-421: The employee of The Echo Nest , music intelligence and data platform, owned by Spotify , has created a categorical perception spectrum of genres and subgenres based on "an algorithmically generated, readability-adjusted scatter-plot of the musical genre-space, based on data tracked and analyzed for 5,315 genre-shaped distinctions by Spotify" called Every Noise at Once . Alternatively, music can be assessed on

12496-401: The end of 1900s, Vincenzo Caporaletti has proposed a more comprehensive distinction of music genres based on the "formative medium" with which a music is created, that is the creative interface (cognitive milieu) employed by the artist. Following this framework, formative media may belong to two different matrixes: visual or audiotactile with regards to the role played in the creative process by

12638-651: The famous Reading and Leeds festivals in the UK and seen many tracks reaching multiple millions of views on YouTube. In 2015, The Four Owls collaborated with highly respected US producer DJ Premier for their track Think Twice . BRIT Award winning singer-songwriter Rag'n'Bone Man also released two albums on the label in 2011 and 2014 – "Put That Soul on Me" (a collaboration with Dirty Dike) and "Dog n Bone" with Four Owls member and rapper/producer Leaf Dog. These albums are what eventually led to his signing with major label Columbia Records , however Rag'n'Bone Man has continued to feature on High Focus records releases such as

12780-480: The first major British hip hop magazine – was founded in 1989 and by the early 1990s the British hip hop scene seemed to be thriving. Not only was there a firm base of rappers in London such as Blade, Black Radical Mk II , Bushkiller (including Sirus) and Overlord X , who cut a Discomix with Jah Shaka — but many distinct scenes developed nationally. Birmingham and the West Midlands gave rise to Credit to

12922-501: The first to receive wide-spread attention across continental Europe . Caveman and Outlaw Posse developed a jazz influenced style, whilst MC Mell'O' mixed jazz and hardcore. London Posse , Black Radical Mk II and DJ Ruf Cut And Tuf C were more influenced by reggae and disco whilst the Wee Papa Girl Rappers , Cookie Crew and Monie Love achieved chart success with more radio-friendly hip hop. However, despite

13064-420: The group, regularly co-writing with Ant throughout much of his career. Falcon Stuart was engaged to manage the new band after McLaren had dropped Ant. It signalled a style change by adapting Burundi -style African drumming and an image that mixed Native American make-up with pirate-style, colourful costumes. While reforming the band, Ant and Pirroni, with future Culture Club drummer Jon Moss , re-recorded

13206-487: The hardcore style most associated with the scene. Silver Bullet 's chart success was applauded due to an uncompromisingly rapid delivery, whereas Derek B and Rebel MC were scorned when their more pop influenced styles earned them success. Such artists were often branded "sell outs". As the scene grew, it became less common for British rappers to imitate US accents (those who did were often ridiculed) and British rap became more assured of its identity. Hip Hop Connection —

13348-623: The home of trip hop with artists like Tricky and Portishead . Caveman signed to a major label — Profile Records , the label home of Run–D.M.C. — and Kold Sweat came into their own, discovering groups like SL Troopers, Dynametrix , Unanimous Decision and Katch 22, whose "Diary of a Blackman" was banned by Radio 1 for using a sound clip from the National Front . In 1991, Hijack released The Horns of Jericho (Rhyme Syndicate Records, 1991) on Ice-T 's recently formed Rhyme Syndicate label. The first single, "The Badman Is Robbin'",

13490-481: The initial 10,000 units. In 2003, Antbox was re-released in a different form with the same tracks and was commercially successful. In 2004, the albums Dirk Wears White Sox , Kings of the Wild Frontier , and Prince Charming were digitally remastered and re-released with previously unreleased demo songs as bonus material. These were overseen by Pirroni, and Kings of the Wild Frontier and Prince Charming were remastered by Hughes. In 2014, Ant, Barbe, and Gorman,

13632-477: The injustices of war, gentrification and racism, following in the tradition of conscious rappers such as Nas , Mos Def and Talib Kweli . Amongst this new generation included artists such as Klashnekoff , Akala , Lowkey and the Poisonous Poets. The mid-2000s saw the emergence of road rap , a genre that took influences from American gangsta rap and focused on crime, gang, or violent themes. Road rap

13774-410: The inner cities during the 1970s. It can be broadly defined as a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping , a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted. Hip hop music derives from the hip hop culture itself, including four key elements: emceeing ( MCing )/ rapping , Disc jockeying (DJing) with turntablism , breakdancing and graffiti art . Jazz is a music genre that originated in

13916-402: The intersection of two or more genres, sharing characteristics of each parent genre, and therefore belong to each of them at the same time. Such subgenres are known as fusion genres . Examples of fusion genres include jazz fusion , which is a fusion of jazz and rock music, and country rock which is a fusion of country music and rock music. A microgenre is a niche genre, as well as

14058-492: The issues surrounding sampling by making music themselves (bands such as the Stereo MCs began playing instruments and sampling their own tunes) or searching out more obscure records where a most cost effective licensing deal could be arranged. British hip hop began to go through a renaissance, its style shifting from the hardcore template of its youth and moving into more melodic territory. The Brotherhood managed to broker

14200-459: The late 2000s to great commercial success. Tinchy Stryder scored two number ones with songs " Number 1 " and " Never Leave You " and became the best-selling British solo artist of 2009. The following year continued the success of the previous, with acts like Professor Green and Tinie Tempah breaking through to even bigger commercial success and also critical appreciation. The debut album from Tinie Tempah called Disc-Overy went to number one in

14342-483: The latter of whom joined The Monochrome Set in early October. He was replaced by Leigh Gorman . Ashman soon returned and the album was scheduled for a November release. The album was titled Dirk Wears White Sox ; it peaked at number one on the UK Independent Albums Chart , which was launched in early January 1980. Ant asked Malcolm McLaren to take over as manager for a flat fee. Adam and

14484-468: The mid-1980s taken up some of the traditions of subway graffiti and exported them home, although legendary New York writers like Brim, Bio, and Futura had themselves played a significant role in establishing such links when they visited London in the early-to-mid-1980s and 'put up pieces' on or near the west London end of the Metropolitan Line . Almost as significantly, just when subway graffiti

14626-482: The music is developed in different places, many of the instruments are characteristic to location and population—but some are used everywhere: button or piano accordion , different types of flutes or trumpets, banjo , and ukulele . Both French and Scottish folk music use related instruments such as the fiddle , the harp and variations of bagpipes . Since music has become more easily accessible ( Spotify , iTunes , YouTube, etc.), more people have begun listening to

14768-425: The performance seriously and it was later claimed his bass strap had broken. Video of the performance clearly shows Adam Ant being very annoyed with Mooney and mouthing "what the hell was that?" followed by an obscenity and the end of their set. Mooney was subsequently sacked and replaced with Gary Tibbs . CBS re-released the single "Kings of the Wild Frontier", which peaked at number two in March that year. While

14910-467: The period between 1992 and 1995, the only groups to make much impact were Gunshot and the Brotherhood . Gunshot's 1992 album Patriot Games was a landmark with tracks such as "Mind of a Razor" and "World War 3" becoming British hardcore classics. Formed in the '80s, the Brotherhood released their first record, simply called Brotherhood EP , as a white label in 1991. They went on to release Wayz of

15052-478: The period of history when they were created and the social class in which they developed. Some examples of the Folk Genre can be seen in the folk music of England and Turkish folk music . English folk music has developed since the medieval period and has been transmitted from that time until today. Similarly, Turkish folk music relates to all the civilizations that once passed thorough Turkey, thereby being

15194-504: The pseudonym "Alpha Prhyme", a collaboration between himself and Luke Vibert . In 1998, Mark B and Blade released "Hitmen for Hire EP", which featured guest appearances from Lewis Parker and Mr Thing (of the Scratch Perverts ). The EP was a success, and led to the successful 2001 album The Unknown , which despite never charting in the UK top 75, was still a top 100 success and an even bigger success within its genre. Also,

15336-451: The public's attention, while veteran acts Rodney P , Mike J , and MC Mell'O' returned to the scene. A new generation of artists emerged following the turn of the century, including Jehst , Skinnyman , Nicky Spesh , Foreign Beggars and Usmaan. At the same time, a new style of electronic music emerged in the early 2000s, derivative of UK garage and jungle , with influences from dancehall , drum and bass and hip hop; this new genre

15478-464: The reputations of the artists and opening up the floor for new artists to emerge. Labels Low Life Records , run by prominent political rapper Braintax , and Young N' Restless started and became the starting point for many. At the same time, just as garage was losing momentum, grime was creating interest. Wiley's Treddin' on Thin Ice was a cornerstone of the genre, and one-time friend Dizzee Rascal won

15620-488: The rest of the band on new material at Matrix Studios in London. Stuart took these to prospective record companies while the band embarked on a 14-day Ant-Invasion Tour of the UK, which culminated in a show at Empire Ballroom . In July 1980, the band signed a deal with CBS Records and released the single " Kings of the Wild Frontier ", which reached No. 48 on the UK Singles Chart . Hughes continued to produce

15762-493: The same month, the band embarked on the Prince Charming Revue Tour, for which they travelled to Austria and Japan. In November 1981, Adam and the Ants released the parent album Prince Charming which spent three weeks at number 2. A third single from the album, " Ant Rap " reached No. 3 in January 1982. The band was one of the most successful single acts in the UK in 1981. All three singles from

15904-534: The scene remained predominantly underground. Although record labels began to take note of the underground scene throughout the 1980s and 1990s, radio play and publicity were still a difficulty in helping the fledgling scene to grow, and the scene only managed to survive through word of mouth and the patronage of pirate radio stations around the country. Mainstream radio did play British hip hop on occasion, supported by such well-known DJs as Dave Pearce , Tim Westwood , Steve Barker and John Peel . British hip hop in

16046-404: The second album and re-released singles brought growing chart success, Hughes, together with Ant, Miall, and Pirroni, recorded the single " Stand and Deliver ". The band, which now included Tibbs, filmed a video that depicts the song's " dandy highwayman " story, at Hatfield House . To support the single, the band undertook a six-date theatre tour of Great Britain in March and visited the US for

16188-626: The standard forms of music notation that evolved in Europe, beginning well before the Renaissance and reaching its maturity in the Romantic period. The identity of a "work" or "piece" of art music is usually defined by the notated version rather than by a particular performance and is primarily associated with the composer rather than the performer (though composers may leave performers with some opportunity for interpretation or improvisation). This

16330-427: The surviving three-quarters of the December 1979 - January 1980 lineup, reunited to perform with selected members of Ant's current band; they performed Dirk Wears White Sox in its entirety and in sequence at Hammersmith Apollo , to promote the album's reissue on Ant's Blueblack Hussar label. Ant and his regular band subsequently performed the album for four nights at Islington Assembly Hall in November 2014 and on

16472-484: The system, but favouring only a few selected underground lines seen as most suitable for train graffiti. Although on a substantially smaller scale than what had existed in New York City, graffiti on London Underground trains became seen as enough of a problem by the mid-1980s to provoke the British Transport Police to establish its own graffiti squad modelled directly on and in consultation with that of

16614-586: The three dimensions of "arousal", "valence", and "depth". Arousal reflects physiological processes such as stimulation and relaxation (intense, forceful, abrasive, thrilling vs. gentle, calming, mellow), valence reflects emotion and mood processes (fun, happy, lively, enthusiastic, joyful vs. depressing, sad), and depth reflects cognitive processes (intelligent, sophisticated, inspiring, complex, poetic, deep, emotional, thoughtful vs. party music, danceable). These help explain why many people like similar songs from different traditionally segregated genres. Starting from

16756-474: The time included Liberty Grooves in Tooting, South London. The label itself started in late 1989 with the first release in 1990 by Whirlwind D & Johnny F of Solid n Mind . Other artists included Gutter Snypes , True Style and DJ Noize . Liberty Grooves was also a shop and many notable artists such as MC Mell O and Braintax would perform there. In 1988, Rapski released "The Connection" on 12". The track

16898-500: The time. He later claimed to be "Scotland's first rap star". There were also early pop records which dabbled with rap – such as Adam and the Ants ' " Ant Rap " (CBS, 1981) and Wham! 's " Wham Rap! (Enjoy What You Do) " (Inner Vision, 1982) — but these are often considered pop appropriations of US rap. Punk band the Clash had earlier dabbled with rap on the single " The Magnificent Seven " from their album Sandinista! (CBS, 1980), and

17040-466: The track "Mask" from Jam Baxter 's album Touching Scenes in 2019. Blah Records is also highly influential. The label was founded by Lee Scott (rapper) and Molotov in 2006 and currently managed and owned by Lee Scott and Salar. Key members of the Blah family include Lee Scott, Salar, Black Josh , Milkavelli, Jam Baxter and Cult of The Damned . The mid-2010s saw the emergence of Abstract Orchestra ,

17182-451: The traditional music is a very broad category and can include several genres, it is widely accepted that traditional music encompasses folk music. According to the ICTM (International Council for Traditional Music), traditional music are songs and tunes that have been performed over a long period of time (usually several generations) . The folk music genre is classified as the music that

17324-506: The two songs for the Jubilee in February as a seven-inch (18 cm) single with "Deutscher Girls" as the A-side; this single reached number 13 on the UK Singles Chart, giving the original Ants a second post-breakup hit. Do It! records released Antmusic EP , a 12-inch (30 cm) Extended Play (EP) of three unused tracks from the Dirk sessions and a remix of "Cartrouble (Parts 1 & 2)";

17466-457: The visual rationality or the bodily sensitivity and embodied cognition. The theory developed by Caporaletti, named Audiotactile Music Theory, categorises music in three different branches: 1) written music, like the so-called classical music, that is created using the visual matrix; 2) oral music (like folk music or ethnic music before the advent of sound recording technologies); 3) Audiotactile music, which are process of production and transmission

17608-462: The world. It emphasizes formal styles that invite technical and detailed deconstruction and criticism, and demand focused attention from the listener. In Western practice, art music is considered primarily a written musical tradition, preserved in some form of music notation rather than being transmitted orally, by rote, or in recordings, as popular and traditional music usually are. Historically, most western art music has been written down using

17750-574: Was Asher D , whose Jamaican origins showed through in his vocal style. In 1988, in collaboration with Daddy Freddy , Asher D released one of the first hip-hop dancehall fusion albums, Ragamuffin Hip-Hop . Moving away from its US roots, British hip hop started to develop its own sounds: acts like Hijack , II Tone Committee, Hardnoise , and Silver Bullet developed a fast and hardcore style (often referred to as Britcore), while many other acts took influences from elsewhere. Britcore acts were amongst

17892-661: Was Milton Keynes group the Criminal Minds . Their first two releases, the 1990 mini-album Guilty as Charged and a 1991 EP Tales from the Wasteland were bogged down by potential sample clearance problems and thus were only ever made available in small numbers. As breakbeat hardcore music started to become very popular in the UK in the early 1990s, the Criminal Minds turned their attention to making this type of music instead. The UK hip hop boom never achieved its predicted commercial success. Hijack's The Horns of Jericho

18034-409: Was a top 40 hit and they went on sell more than 30,000 albums. British hip hop was affected by the record industry clamping down on sampling , beginning to charge for the use of samples and prosecuting those who used them without permission. Larger US acts could afford to license samples and still turn a profit for their labels, a luxury not available to many smaller UK artists. One such victim of this

18176-488: Was also experiencing a resurgence. While hip hop did not immediately benefit from this, the rise of grime has been credited for re-opening the doors for competing genres such as hip hop and afroswing that were also on the rise. Acts that would rise within the hip hop scene within the following years include Dave , Kojey Radical , Slowthai , Little Simz , and Loyle Carner . Dave released a "Blackbox freestyle" in 2015 which helped him rise to prominence. The following year, Dave

18318-417: Was also reported that Pirroni was tired of touring and quit performing live. Ant launched a solo career a few months after the split, retaining Pirroni as co-writer. The single " Goody Two Shoes " peaked at number one in the UK, and Ant released more albums during the 1980s. Hughes continued to work as a record producer. To date, Ant has released six solo studio albums. Songs by both versions of Adam and

18460-407: Was dubbed " grime " (sometimes called eskibeat or sublow) and effectively superseded UK hip hop in both popularity and the mainstream conscious. Grime is generally considered to be distinct from hip-hop due to its roots primarily being genres such as UK garage and jungle. In 2001, Roots Manuva claimed that British hip hop "is more healthy" than American hip-hop, and is more about making the music than

18602-588: Was honored by Zimbabwe's 1980 Independence celebration due to his music giving inspirations to freedom fighters. The music genre of reggae is known to incorporate stylistic techniques from rhythm and blues , jazz , African, Caribbean, and other genres as well but what makes reggae unique are the vocals and lyrics. The vocals tend to be sung in Jamaican Patois , Jamaican English , and Iyaric dialects. The lyrics of reggae music usually tend to raise political awareness and on cultural perspectives. Rock music

18744-406: Was instrumental in bringing this sound to a wider audience. The label was founded in 2010 by London rapper Fliptrix and key members of the larger High Focus crew have included The Four Owls , Dirty Dike, Ocean Wisdom , Jam Baxter and Dabbla. Artists from the label have managed to build a sizeable following despite remaining underground, having performed to crowds of 25,000+ across Europe, played

18886-489: Was never released in the US, while record companies dropped artists, citing poor sales and lack of interest. Mango Records closed down, and the British public began to turn their affections to jungle , a fusion of breakbeat hardcore, dub, dancehall, ragga, hip hop and reggae. Other acts and styles developed from the hip hop scene, resulting in new genres to describe them – for example Massive Attack with trip hop , or Galliano , Us3 and Urban Species with acid jazz . In

19028-509: Was noticed by Canadian rapper Drake, who later featured on a remix of his song "Wanna Know". Music genre Music can be divided into genres in numerous ways, sometimes broadly and with polarity, such as for popular music , as opposed to art music or folk music ; or, as another example, religious music and secular music . The artistic nature of music means that these classifications are often subjective and controversial, and some genres may overlap. As genres evolve, sometimes new music

19170-596: Was on the decline in New York City, some British teenagers who had spent time with family in Queens and the Bronx returned to London with a "mission" to Americanise the London Underground through painting New York City-style graffiti on trains. These small groups of London 'train writers' adopted many of the styles and lifestyles of their New York City forebears, painting graffiti train pieces and in general 'bombing'

19312-562: Was originally influenced by the dub/toasting introduced to the United Kingdom by Jamaican migrants in the 1950s–70s, who eventually developed uniquely influenced rapping (or speed-toasting) in order to match the rhythm of the ever-increasing pace and aggression of Jamaican-influenced dub in the UK. Toasting and soundsystem cultures were also influential in genres outside of hip hop that still included rapping – such as grime , jungle , and UK garage . In 2003, The Times described British hip hop's broad-ranging approach: ..."UK hip-hop"

19454-452: Was pioneered by artists and groups such as PDC and Giggs ' SN1 crew. By the late 2000s, grime music had entered into a period of stagnation. This led to an emergence of acts that, while influenced by or initially started out making grime, were moving into a more commercialised, hip-hop influenced form of music. Artists from this new wave included N-Dubz , Tinchy Stryder , Tinie Tempah , and Chipmunk (later known as Chip) who emerged in

19596-619: Was popular among breakdancing crews in New York at the time. Over the next few years, more UK hip hop and electro music was released: Street Sounds Electro UK (Street Sounds, 1984), which was produced by Greg Wilson and featured an early appearance from MC Kermit, who later went on to form the Wilson produced Ruthless Rap Assassins ; The Rapologists ' "Kids Rap/Party Rap" (Billy Boy, 1984) and Grandmaster Richie Rich's "Don't Be Flash" (Spin Offs, 1985). Releases were still few and far between, and

19738-565: Was replaced by Matthew Ashman . This line-up continued to demo new material, and on 10 July 1978, they recorded a second Peel Session that featured the songs " Zerox ", "Physical", "Friends", and "Cleopatra". At the end of the month, the band signed a contract for two singles with Decca Records . The line-up of Adam Ant (vocals and guitar), Matthew Ashman (guitar), Andy Warren (bass guitar), and Dave Barbe (drums) embarked on their first tour of continental Europe. In October 1978, Decca released their first single " Young Parisians ". In November 1978,

19880-549: Was replaced with Dave "Barbe" Barbarossa , and this line-up recorded the songs "Plastic Surgery" and "Beat My Guest" at Chappell Studios in London. Ant starred as Kid in the film Jubilee (1978) while the band appeared with the stand-in drummer Kenny Morris from Siouxie and the Banshees . During a performance of "Plastic Surgery", Ant dislocated his knee. Towards the end of the year, difficulties with management resulted in Ryan being fired and replaced with Johnny Bivouac , while

20022-550: Was taken from Known 2 Be Down and was an early example of mixing hip hop and reggae in a (London) style. More was to come in the early 1990s in the form of MC Reason (a.k.a. Voice of Reason) with "Symbolise"/"HouseQuake" and Jonie D with "Which Base"/"Ride On" which was performed live on ITV in 1991. A mindset began to develop – typified by the Gunshot tune "No Sell Out" (1991), or Son of Noise 's "Poor But Hardcore" (1992) — that distrusted successful artists who did not utilise

20164-638: Was the first MC to be signed to a major label. Two singles from 1980 precede both of these however, namely Allen & Blewitt's novelty record "Chip Shop Wrapping", released in 1980, a parody of The Sugarhill Gang's " Rapper's Delight ", and Bo Kool's "Money (No Love)". The instrumental for "Money (No Love)" was produced by Funk Masters member Tony Williams, and would turn out to be an influential release in its own right, going on to inspire DJ's from New York to employ influences from dub music . In Scotland, actor and stand-up comedian Johnny Beattie released "The Glasgow Rap" in 1983, receiving some chart success at

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