36-536: USS Grayson (DD-435) , a Gleaves -class destroyer , is the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for Rear Admiral Cary Travers Grayson , who served as personal physician and aide to President Woodrow Wilson during World War I . He also served as chairman of the American Red Cross from 1935 until his death on 15 February 1938. Grayson was laid down on 17 July 1939 by
72-561: A class of 66 destroyers of the United States Navy built 1938–42, designed by Gibbs & Cox . The first ship of the class was USS Gleaves . They were the destroyer type that was in production for the US Navy when the United States entered World War II . The Gleaves class were initially specified as part of a 24-ship Benson class authorized in fiscal years 1938–40; however, Bethlehem Shipbuilding requested that
108-584: A collision with the aircraft carrier Wasp in 1952. Baldwin grounded while under tow and was scuttled in 1961 while out of commission, thus is not counted as a loss. Eleven ships of the class were transferred to foreign navies 1949–1959; two to Greece, four to Turkey, one to Italy, two to Taiwan, and two to Japan. On 19 October 1954 Ellyson and Macomb were transferred to the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force where they served as JDS Asakaze and JDS Hatakaze ,
144-412: A third. The task group then dispersed, with Enterprise returning to Pearl Harbor for repairs. Grayson joined Task Force 11 (TF 11), built around Saratoga under Admiral Frank Jack Fletcher . On 25 August, Grayson sighted a Japanese submarine on the surface the next day and after expending her entire supply of 46 depth charges , in five attacks, the destroyer saw air bubbles and oil rise to
180-440: Is now known as PSNS & IMF. PSNS is the only U.S. facility certified to recycle nuclear ships. During all this period Puget Sound Naval Shipyard has scrapped more than 125 submarines and some cruisers. The shipyard contains a portion of the United States Navy reserve fleet , a large collection of inactive U.S. Navy vessels. The aircraft carrier USS Kitty Hawk (CV-63) was mothballed there until May 2022 when it
216-692: The Benson s were usually combined with the Livermore s (more correctly the Gleaves class) as the Benson - Livermore class; this persisted in references until at least the 1960s. The classes are now called the Benson-Gleaves class. In some references both classes are combined and called the Benson class. The Benson - and Gleaves -class destroyers were the backbone of the pre-war Neutrality Patrols and participated in every major naval campaign of
252-737: The Bremerton Naval Complex . It is bordered on the south by Sinclair Inlet , on the west by the Bremerton Annex of Naval Base Kitsap , and on the north and east by the city of Bremerton, Washington. It is the Pacific Northwest 's largest naval shore facility and one of Washington state's largest industrial installations. PSNS & IMF provides the Navy with maintenance , modernization, and technical and logistics support, and employs 15,000 people which makes it
288-678: The Charleston Navy Yard , South Carolina and launched on 7 August 1940; sponsored by Mrs Alice Gertrude Gordon Grayson Harrison (Mrs George Leslie Harrison), widow of Rear Admiral Grayson. The ship was commissioned on 14 February 1941. After shakedown along the New England coast and in Chesapeake Bay , Grayson joined Destroyer Division 22 (DesDiv 22) of the Atlantic Fleet. On 28 August she became
324-798: The Gleaves class spent most of the war with only five torpedo tubes equipped in favor of greater light anti-aircraft armament. This varied considerably in different ships as the war went on; for example, the specified pair of twin 40 mm (1.6 in) guns were not widely available until mid-1942 and a quadruple 1.1 in (28 mm) gun mount and a 20 mm (0.79 in) gun were temporarily substituted. In 1945 sixteen ships (DD-423, 424, 429–432, 435, 437–440, 443, 497, 623, 624, and 628) were modified for maximum light AA armament as an anti- kamikaze measure, with four 5-inch guns, no torpedo tubes, twelve 40 mm guns in two quad and two twin mounts and four 20 mm guns in two twin mountings. Photographs indicate that, as with most pre-1942 destroyers,
360-459: The Livermore design. Since Gleaves was completed before Livermore and had a lower hull number, the class is more correctly the Gleaves class. Eighteen of these were commissioned in 1940–41. The remaining 48 "repeat Gleaves es" were authorized in 1940–42. These plus the 24 "repeat Benson s" were also known at the time as the Bristol class, after USS Bristol . During World War II
396-587: The Pacific , two were off Normandy , and three were in the Mediterranean . Ingraham was lost in a collision with an oiler in 1942, and Turner was lost to an internal explosion in 1944. Most were decommissioned and placed in the Reserve Fleet just following World War II. Twelve DMS conversions remained in commission into the 1950s, the last withdrawn from service in 1956. Hobson was sunk in
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#1732801163860432-599: The Ship-Submarine Recycling Program (SRP) to recycle nuclear-powered ships at PSNS. Approximately 25% of the shipyard's workload involves inactivation, reactor compartment disposal, and recycling of ships. It has pioneered an environmentally safe method of deactivating and recycling nuclear-powered ships. This process places the U.S. Navy in the role of being the world's only organization to design, build, operate, and recycle nuclear-powered ships. On 15 May 2003 PSNS and IMF were consolidated into what
468-574: The flagship of Destroyer Squadron 11 (DesRon 11) operating in the Caribbean out of Guantanamo Bay . She reported for neutrality patrol in the North Atlantic waters between Newfoundland and Iceland on 26 October. After ten months patrolling and escorting convoys in the North Atlantic, Grayson was ordered to the Pacific to join an American fleet battered but resolutely carrying
504-666: The 1951 novel , Caine is a Wickes or Clemson -class destroyer minesweeper . The destroyer shown in the opening and closing scenes of the movie musical On the Town is USS Nicholson . Puget Sound Navy Yard Puget Sound Naval Shipyard , officially Puget Sound Naval Shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility ( PSNS & IMF ), is a United States Navy shipyard covering 179 acres (0.7 km ) on Puget Sound at Bremerton, Washington in uninterrupted use since its establishment in 1891; it has also been known as Navy Yard Puget Sound , Bremerton Navy Yard , and
540-465: The Pacific war. Grayson sailed from Pearl Harbor 15 July to escort Enterprise and Hornet . Reaching Guadalcanal via Tongatapu on 7 August 1942, the carriers launched their aircraft to cover the landings there and then operated in the area to block Japanese reinforcements. As they manoeuvred off Guadalcanal, Enterprise was hit by Japanese bombs on 24 August in an action lasting half an hour which saw Grayson claim two Japanese aircraft and damage
576-504: The Pacific, putting in at Majuro Atoll , Marshall Islands , 10 February 1944. Patrol duty in the Solomons , Carolines , and Marshalls occupied her the following six months. On 30 March she supported the initial landings on Pityilu Island , Admiralties , from 22 to 24 April she was a fighter-director ship for the landings at Tanahmerah Bay , Dutch New Guinea . On 27 May, she shelled Biak Island and Noemfoor Island on 2 July, prior to
612-1017: The entire propulsion system. This design was credited with the survival of USS Kearny after she was torpedoed by the U-568 near Iceland in October 1941, before the US entered the war. The Benson - Gleaves class also introduced quintuple torpedo tube mounts. Their scantlings, or framing dimensions, were increased to carry the weight of the new machinery. This increased the ships' displacement by about seventy tons, to 1630 tons standard displacement . Twenty ships (DD-493–497, 618–628, and 645–648) had square-faced bridges in an attempt to speed production. The Gleaves class were all completed with 600 psi (4,100 kPa) steam (references vary) superheated to 850 °F (454 °C), double-reduction gearing, and cruising turbines. The main steam turbines were designed and built by Westinghouse . The class
648-401: The forecastle. All other enlisted sailors had a bunk in large open living compartments astern of the engineering spaces. Beneath each tier of bunks were individual lockers with a wooden grate floor. As seawater entered the compartment during rough weather, the wooden grate was intended to lift the locker contents above the deck and allow the seawater to drain out as it sloshed over the deck when
684-525: The initial anti-submarine armament of two depth charge tracks was augmented with four or six K-gun depth charge throwers in 1941–42 on most ships. In 1943 twelve ships (DD-493, 609, 620, 622, 623, 635, 637–639, and 646–648) were temporarily equipped with three Mousetrap ASW rocket launchers, but this was unsuccessful and the only such installation on post-1930 US destroyers. They were removed beginning in March 1944. Chief petty officers had quarters in
720-611: The invasion landings. On 1 September 1944 Grayson joined TG 38, for airstrikes on the Palau Islands , scene of the next major invasion. She returned to Seeadler Harbor on 30 September. She sailed 2 October supporting airstrikes strike against Okinawa and the Philippines and on 15 October she rescued 194 men from the damaged cruiser Houston . From Ulithi, Grayson sailed to Saipan , where on 3 November she took up radar picket and lifeguard duty. Finally Grayson
756-457: The largest public shipyard in terms of personnel assigned. Puget Sound Naval Shipyard was established in 1891 as a Naval Station and was designated Navy Yard Puget Sound in 1901. During World War I , the Navy Yard constructed ships, including 25 subchasers, seven submarines , two minesweepers, seven seagoing tugs, and two ammunition ships, as well as 1,700 small boats. During World War II ,
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#1732801163860792-458: The late 1950s, it entered an era of new construction with the building of a new class of guided missile frigates . In 1965, USS Sculpin (SSN 590) became the first nuclear-powered submarine to be maintained at PSNS. The shipyard was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1992. The historic district includes 22 contributing buildings and 42 contributing structures, as well as 49 non-contributing buildings, structures, and objects. Perhaps
828-433: The latter was further transferred to Taiwan in 1970 as Hsien Yang to replace the ex- Rodman of the same name. Modernization was considered in the 1950s but not implemented except on the transferred ships. Those ships not transferred to other countries were mostly sold for scrap in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The 1954 movie The Caine Mutiny was filmed on USS Doyle and possibly USS Thompson . In
864-409: The most visible feature of the shipyard is its green hammerhead crane , built in 1933. The PSNS hammerhead crane is 250 feet (76 m) tall and 80 feet (24 m) wide with a lifting capacity of 250 tons. The Puget Sound Naval Shipyard contains five historic districts: These five units are a comprehensive representation of the historic features of the naval shipyard. In 1990 the Navy authorized
900-664: The only Benson - Gleaves -class ships retained in service postwar. However, they were judged ineffective in the Korean War due to requiring a large crew compared with purpose-built minesweepers , and were decommissioned in 1954–56. Twenty-one were in commission when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor . A total of sixty-six were built, of which eleven were lost to enemy action during World War II: Gwin , Meredith , Monssen , Bristol , Emmons , Aaron Ward , Duncan , Beatty , Glennon , Corry , and Maddox . Six of these were in
936-547: The rest in the Pacific in 1945 (DD-489, 490, 493–496, 618, 627, and 632–635). Magnetic and acoustic minesweeping gear was fitted, with armament reduced to three 5 in guns, no torpedo tubes, two K-guns, four 40 mm guns in two twin mounts, and seven 20 mm guns on the Atlantic ships. The Pacific ships and Hobson had increased light AA armament, with eight 40 mm guns in two quad mounts and six 20 mm guns in two twin and two single mounts. Twelve DMS conversions were
972-466: The ship rolled. No laundry was included in the original design, but a single washing machine was later installed in a compartment the size of a closet. Clothing could be washed and spun damp to be hung to dry wherever space allowed. Twenty-four Gleaves -class ships were converted to destroyer minesweepers (DMS-19 through DMS-42) in 1944 and 1945. Twelve Atlantic Fleet ships (DD-454–458, 461, 462, 464, 621, 625, 636, and 637) were converted in 1944, with
1008-408: The shipyard's primary effort was the repair of battle damage to ships of the U.S. fleet and those of its allies. Following World War II, Navy Yard Puget Sound was designated Puget Sound Naval Shipyard. It engaged in an extensive program of modernizing carriers, including converting conventional flight decks to angle decks. During the Korean War , the shipyard was engaged in the activation of ships. In
1044-486: The six ships designed by them use less complex machinery. Initially, Gleaves and Niblack , although designed by Gibbs & Cox and built by Bath Iron Works , were to follow the Benson design as modified by Bethlehem. This temporarily made Livermore the lead ship with more complex machinery, so the class was initially called the Livermore class, and this name persisted through World War II . However, it soon proved possible for Gleaves and Niblack to be built to
1080-735: The surface. She remained around Guadalcanal escorting troop transports , patrolling in " The Slot " and served as a radar picket ship . On 18 October she picked up 75 survivors from the destroyer Meredith , which had been sunk by an aerial torpedo on 16 October, and helped escort the barge Vireo . Returning to Pearl Harbor on 15 April 1943 for overhaul, Grayson continued on to the United States for further repairs and then made to New Caledonia , arriving 24 September. She claimed four and two possible Japanese barges from Kolombangara between 30 September – 3 October, with DesRon 21. Then after three months of patrols, sailed for Puget Sound Navy Yard 16 December for overhaul. Grayson returned to
1116-579: The war to the enemy. She sailed from San Diego on 2 April 1942 as part of aircraft carrier Hornet ' s escort and rendezvoused at sea 13 April with Enterprise under Admiral William F. Halsey, Jr. From this fast carrier group, less than 800 miles from the Japanese home islands , General Jimmy Doolittle launched a B-25 raid on Tokyo on 18 April. The task group sailed into Pearl Harbor on 25 April. Grayson departed almost immediately for repairs in California , before returning to
USS Grayson - Misplaced Pages Continue
1152-452: The war. See: Benson-class destroyer#Related classes The Gleaves class was designed as an improved version of the Sims class with two stacks and a new "echeloned" machinery arrangement that featured alternating boiler and engine rooms, designed to give the ships a better chance at surviving torpedo damage. Loss of one compartment, or even two adjacent compartments, would no longer disable
1188-561: Was completed with four or five 5-inch (127 mm) dual purpose guns (anti-surface and anti-aircraft (AA)), controlled by a Mark 37 Gun Fire Control System as in the previous Sims class. The introduction of two centerline quintuple torpedo tube mounts in the Benson - Gleaves class was a significant improvement and was continued in subsequent World War II classes. This allowed a broadside of ten tubes with savings in space and weight compared to previous classes, which had twelve or sixteen tubes and an eight-tube broadside. However, most of
1224-646: Was ordered home, reaching Seattle on 9 June 1945. Grayson returned to Pearl Harbor 1 September 1945, the day of the signing of the Articles of Surrender in Tokyo Bay . After a brief training period, she sailed for the United States, transiting the Panama Canal 8 October, she put in at Charleston, South Carolina , 16 October. Eleven days later she hosted over 5,000 visitors on Navy Day . Grayson remained at Charleston until decommissioned, 4 February 1947, and
1260-555: Was placed in reserve. She was struck from the Naval Vessel Register in 1972, sold 12 June 1974 and broken up for scrap. Grayson received 13 battle stars for World War II service. [REDACTED] This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships . The entry can be found here . Gleaves-class destroyer The Gleaves -class destroyers were
1296-418: Was removed for scrapping. Gorst Creek Ravine near Port Orchard, Washington was a hazardous waste dump for the Navy's shipyard waste between 1969 and 1970, when the site was not permitted by local authorities to take waste. After several collapses since 1997 the landfill could blow out Highway 3 . The landfill is an "ongoing source of pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls and metals flowing downstream with
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