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29-552: The U.S. Steel Tower , also known as the Steel Building , or USX Tower (1988–2001), is a 64-story skyscraper at 600 Grant Street in downtown Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania . The interior has 2,300,000 sq ft (210,000 m) of leasable space. At 256.3 m (841 ft) tall, it is the tallest building in Pittsburgh. It held its opening dedication on September 30, 1971. The tower's original name when completed

58-408: A coating of dark brown oxidation over the metal, which inhibits deeper penetration and doesn't need painting and costly rust-prevention maintenance over the years. The initial weathering of the material resulted in a discoloration of the surrounding city sidewalks, as well as other nearby buildings. A cleanup effort was orchestrated by the corporation once weathering was complete to undo this damage, but

87-602: A few systems actively use all servers and can failover their work to remaining servers after a failure. There may also be a third "spare parts" server that has running spare components for "hot" switching to prevent downtime. The second server takes over the work of the first as soon as it detects an alteration in the "heartbeat" of the first machine. Some systems have the ability to send a notification of failover. Certain systems, intentionally, do not failover entirely automatically, but require human intervention. This "automated with manual approval" configuration runs automatically once

116-432: A high degree of reliability . At the server level, failover automation usually uses a " heartbeat " system that connects two servers, either through using a separate cable (for example, RS-232 serial ports/cable) or a network connection. In the most common design, as long as a regular "pulse" or "heartbeat" continues between the main server and the second server, the second server will not bring its systems online; however

145-414: A human has approved the failover. Failback is the process of restoring a system, component, or service previously in a state of failure back to its original, working state, and having the standby system go from functioning back to standby. The use of virtualization software has allowed failover practices to become less reliant on physical hardware through the process referred to as migration in which

174-404: A project has been high. In March 2013 a group of architects and designers finished detailed plans for a glass covered 2 floor atrium at the top of the skyscraper, however the building management has not responded thus far to requests for potential construction. On clear days, it is possible to spot the U.S. Steel Tower from as far as 50 miles (80 km) away, from the top of Chestnut Ridge in

203-559: A running virtual machine is moved from one physical host to another, with little or no disruption in service. Failover and Failback technology are also regularly used in the Microsoft SQL Server database, in which SQL Server Failover Cluster Instance (FCI) is installed/configured on top of the Windows Server failover Cluster (WSFC). The SQL Server groups and resources running on WSFC can manually be failover to

232-417: Is architecturally noted for its triangular shape with indented corners. The building also made history by being the first to use liquid-filled fireproofed columns. U.S. Steel deliberately placed the massive steel columns on the exterior of the building to showcase a new product called Cor-ten steel. Cor-ten resists the corrosive effects of rain, snow, ice, fog, and other meteorological conditions by forming

261-660: Is the setting for the Syfy network's series of web shorts, The Mercury Men . It can also be seen in George A. Romero 's 1978 horror film, Dawn of the Dead . The Tower has also been portrayed in multiple video games set in and around Pittsburgh. It can be seen in the Fallout 3 downloadable mission pack The Pitt. It is also viewable in The Last of Us sporting the letters "NA" at

290-636: The Laurel Highlands southeast of the city. The U.S. Steel Tower makes an appearance in the movie Dogma and figures prominently in Sudden Death , Boys on the Side , Striking Distance , Jack Reacher and the video for the 2010 rap song " Black and Yellow ". It can also be seen in the movie The Dark Knight Rises , and in the video for the 1986 song "America" by the KBC Band . It

319-399: The 1950s when describing '"Hot" and "Cold" Standby Systems', with the current meaning of immediate switchover to a running system (hot) and delayed switchover to a system that needs starting (cold). A conference proceedings from 1957 describes computer systems with both Emergency Switchover (i.e. failover) and Scheduled Failover (for maintenance). This computer networking article is

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348-691: The Gulf Building (now known as the Gulf Tower ). In the planning stages, U.S. Steel executives considered making the building the world's tallest, but settled on 840 ft (260 m) making it the tallest building outside New York and Chicago. However, it eventually lost even that distinction to newer buildings erected across the United States. The building contains over 44,000 U.S. tons (40,000 metric tons) of structural steel, and almost an acre of office space per floor. The U.S. Steel Tower

377-613: The Tower's opening until 2001, the 62nd floor was home to Top of the Triangle, a fine dining restaurant that provided unequaled views of Pittsburgh and the surrounding region. Unable to negotiate new leasing terms, the restaurant closed after 30 years in business and was replaced with more office spaces. An organization known as the High Point Park Investigation was formed to explore the possibility of converting

406-590: The US Steel Tower under the Existing Buildings: Operations + Maintenance rating system. The building is one of the largest LEED for O+M: Existing Buildings V4 office buildings in the world. Multiple LEED Certifications have been earned for the interior office spaces inside the tower as well. The U.S. Steel Tower features several redundant systems that have allowed the building to remain free of unplanned service interruptions since it

435-517: The Vatican's Christmas crèche in St. Peter's Square. Unlike many buildings of similar heights, the U.S. Steel Tower does not taper in width from its lower floors to its higher floors. Accordingly, the tower sports the "largest roof in the world at its height or above", at a size of approximately one acre. This flat expanse was once used as a heliport , but it has sat dormant since 1992. From shortly after

464-405: The building has fully redundant heating and cooling systems, including two boilers and two water cooled chillers. The heating boilers can burn either natural gas or No. 2 fuel oil. There is no fail over, but manual adjustment of the system in the event of a supply shortage takes only minutes. The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center initially leased five floors of the tower, which now serves as

493-434: The controversial issue of the sign in planning commission meetings. "U", "P", and a "C" were installed via helicopter on May 3–4, 2008, but weather conditions postponed completion, and the "M" was not installed until some time later. The sign was completed June 7–8, 2008. Illumination was provided several weeks after installation. Energy efficient LED lights replaced the neon bulbs used in the original sign in 2019. Next to

522-573: The dormant roof of the U.S. Steel Tower into an attraction of some sort—a "pinnacle of perspective where people go to see the view, a signature landmark like the Eiffel Tower or the Empire State Building ". This transformation could take the form of a nature park, a gallery space, or some other type of attraction. The High Point Park Investigation is based at Carnegie Mellon University 's STUDIO for Creative Inquiry and has received

551-487: The endorsement of regional organizations including the Pittsburgh Parks Conservancy and VisitPittsburgh.com. A 360-degree, gigapixel panorama of the view available from the building's rooftop can be seen at www.gigapan.org or www.gigapanorama.org . As of January 2010, the building's owner had expressed no interest in developing the roof of the tower, but public interest in the potential of such

580-472: The entrance of the building, there is a plaza and a fountain alongside a brewery named Brew Gentlemen. The area is known as "Steel Garden" There is also a bus stop right outside the plaza that serves the Martin Luther King Jr. East Busway . Each year a nativity scene , goes on display in the building's courtyard. It is larger than the original nativity, and is the only authorized replica of

609-442: The institution's headquarters. Although U.S. Steel was the largest tenant in the building at the time, to go along with this lease, the company also purchased new signs reading "UPMC" for the top of each three sides of the building. The Pittsburgh Planning Commission approved the 20-foot (6.1 m) signs. The signage cost $ 750,000, according to a document submitted in 2006 to the city planning commission. Much deliberation surrounded

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638-481: The roof of the tower before being arrested by Pittsburgh Police near the Civic Arena. In 2014, US Steel announced its intention to build new office space at the adjacent site of the former Civic Arena . The largest occupancy by a tenant of the building is held by UPMC , which leases 500,000 square feet (46,000 m) of office space within the tower. In 2008, UPMC added signage, lights displaying "UPMC," to

667-443: The second node for any planned maintenance on the first node OR automatically failover to the second node in case of any issues on the first node. In the same way, a failback operation can be performed to the first node once the issue is resolved or maintenance is done on it. The term "failover", although probably in use by engineers much earlier, can be found in a 1962 declassified NASA report. The term "switchover" can be found in

696-497: The sidewalks still have a rusty tinge. The Cor-Ten steel for the building was made at the former U.S. Steel Homestead Works . Rockwell International , which had its headquarters in the building, displayed a large model of the Rockwell-designed NASA Space Shuttle in the building's lobby until the company moved its headquarters to Southern California in 1988. In May 1986, two men parachuted off

725-718: The top instead of the usual "UPMC". Most recently used on daytime soap opera The Young and the Restless . Grant Street Too Many Requests If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.236 via cp1112 cp1112, Varnish XID 975512530 Upstream caches: cp1112 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 11:00:49 GMT Fail over Systems designers usually provide failover capability in servers, systems or networks requiring near-continuous availability and

754-424: The top of the tower for the first time in its history, a move that was criticized by some involved in the construction of the structure. Although accepted for bridges, etc., exposing structural Cor-Ten in a building was not possible using standard construction methods because steel needed to be protected by concrete or an applied insulation to meet the fire-protection requirements of building codes . Fire protection

783-449: Was achieved for the 18 columns of this tower by making them hollow and filled with a water/antifreeze/rust inhibitor mixture, a technique patented in the 19th century. In another building cited in 1970, the horizontal beams were also hollow and interconnected with the columns, the entire system tested to be leakproof. In 2019, Winthrop Management, with the help of sustainability consulting firm evolveEA, achieved LEED Silver Certification for

812-510: Was constructed. It is fed by two redundant water mains, one from Grant Street and one from 7th Avenue. Both are fully maintained and tested annually. There is a fail over system in place, and either main will automatically meet the water demands of the building in the event of a failure. In addition, the building has four redundant water pumps, any one of which can meet the needs of the entire building. The building also has four redundant electrical feeds, which come from several substations. Finally,

841-457: Was the U.S. Steel Tower and was changed to USX Tower in 1988. The name was changed back to the U.S. Steel Tower in January 2002 to reflect U.S. Steel 's new corporate identity (USX was the 1990s combined oil/energy/steel conglomerate). Although no longer the owner of the building, U.S. Steel remains one of the largest tenants . Prior to 1970, the tallest building in Pittsburgh at 44 stories was

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