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20-649: Union Sunday School , or variants thereof, can refer to: Union Sunday School (Clermont, Iowa) , listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Iowa Sanatoga Union Sunday School , listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

40-572: A spirelet or spike on the rooftop of a building. In particular, the spirelets often built atop the crossings of major churches in mediaeval French Gothic architecture are called flèches. On the ridge of the roof on top of the crossing (the intersection of the nave and the transepts ) of a church, flèches were typically light, delicate, timber-framed constructions with a metallic sheath of lead or copper. They are often richly decorated with architectural and sculptural embellishments: tracery , crockets , and miniature buttresses serve to adorn

60-448: A fully exposed structure of arches not unlike the arches of a medieval European crown . The spire itself is supported by buttress structures. A needle-spire is a particularly tall and narrow spire emerging from a tower surrounded by a parapet . In general, the term applies to considerably larger and more refined spires than the name Hertfordshire spike. A Hertfordshire spike is a type of short spire, needle-spire, or flèche ringed with

80-626: A parapet and found on church-towers in the British Isles . The roofs of splay-foot spires open out and flatten off at their base, creating eaves above the tower supporting the spire. A flèche ( French : flèche , lit.   'arrow' ) is a name given to spires in Gothic architecture : in French the word is applied to any spire, but in English it has the technical meaning of

100-431: The 2019 Notre-Dame de Paris fire . It will be rebuilt in the same form. A pinnacle is a miniature spire that was used both as a decorative and functional element. In early Gothic, as at Notre-Dame de Paris, stone pinnacles were placed atop flying buttresses , to give them additional weight and stability, and to counterbalance the outward thrust from the rib vaults of the nave. As an ornament, they were used to break up

120-471: The architect Christopher Wren designed reinforcing beams which halted the deformation of the structure. Openwork spires were a notable architectural innovation, beginning with the spire at Freiburg Minster , in which the pierced stonework was held together by iron cramps. The openwork spire, represented a radical but logical extension of the Gothic tendency toward a skeletal structure. Crown spires have

140-584: The building housed Clermont Presbyterian Church, which disbanded shortly afterward. In 1863, the Presbytery and the Union Sunday School entered into an agreement whereby the latter could use the building as long as they were able to maintain it. Organized in 1857, Union was a non-denominational Sunday school for adults and children. Previously they had met in the home of Mrs. Edwin Stedman,

160-474: The exterior. Since towers supporting spires are usually square, square-plan spires emerge directly from the tower's walls, but octagonal spires are either built above a pyramidal transition section called a broach at the spire's base, or else free spaces around the tower's summit for decorative elements like pinnacles . The former solution is known as a broach spire . Small or short spires are known as spikes , spirelets , or flèches . This sense of

180-533: The first of seven superintendents. The most prominent member of the Sunday school was William Larrabee , who spent 18 years in the Iowa Senate , and served two terms as Iowa's governor. He provided the pneumatic Kimball organ in 1896. His daughter Anna served as the church organist for over 60 years. The instrument, restored by Dobson Pipe Organ Builders in 2010, is still played in concerts. The Sunday school

200-596: The flèche. The most famous flèche was the Neo-Gothic 19th-century design by Eugène Viollet-le-Duc for the Notre-Dame de Paris , 100 feet (30 meters) tall and richly decorated with sculpture. The original flèche of Notre-Dame was built in the 13th century, and removed in 1786, shortly before the French Revolution . The famous replacement by Viollet-le-Duc with an abundance of sculpture was destroyed in

220-425: The front gable is a large square wooden bell tower. Its corners feature capped pilasters that frame the double louvered panels of the bell chamber. It is capped with a metal spire with a brass ornamental cross. The interior has three sections of pews across with no middle aisle. The pipe organ is centered on the back wall. The ceiling is composed of ornamental pressed tin . The vestibule was divided to provide for

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240-441: The horizontal lines, such as parapets and the roofs of towers. In later Gothic, they were sometimes often clustered together into forests of vertical ornament. In Gothic architecture , where the spire is most commonly used, and particularly in Gothic cathedrals and churches it symbolised the heavenly aspirations of churches' builders, as well as offering a visual spectacle of extreme height. It also suggested, by its similarity to

260-534: The library and an entry area. The drop lights were added in 1910 when electricity was added to the building. Spire A spire is a tall, slender, pointed structure on top of a roof of a building or tower, especially at the summit of church steeples . A spire may have a square, circular, or polygonal plan , with a roughly conical or pyramidal shape. Spires are typically made of stonework or brickwork , or else of timber structures with metal cladding , ceramic tiling , roof shingles , or slates on

280-418: The sides, at an angle to the faces of the tower, as at St Columba, Cologne . In the 12th and 13th centuries, more ornament was added to the faces of the spires, particularly gabled dormers over the centres of the faces of the towers, as in the southwest tower of Chartres Cathedral . Additional vertical ornament, in the form of slender pinnacles in pyramid shapes, were often placed around the spires, to express

300-503: The title Union Sunday School . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Union_Sunday_School&oldid=418991938 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Union Sunday School (Clermont, Iowa) Initially,

320-532: The transition between the square base and the octagonal spire. The spires of the late 13th century achieved great height; one example was Fribourg Cathedral in Switzerland, where the gabled lantern and spire reached a height of 385 feet (117 meters). In England, a tall needle spire was sometimes constructed at the edge of tower, with pinnacles at the other corners. The western spires of Lichfield Cathedral are an example. Spires were particularly fragile in

340-418: The wind, and a number of English Gothic spires collapsed; notably that of Malmesbury Abbey (1180–1500); Lincoln Cathedral (which had been the tallest in the world) 1349–1549; and Chichester Cathedral (1402–1861). The spire of Salisbury Cathedral , completed in 1320 and 404 feet (123 meters) tall, without the tower, required the addition of buttresses, arches and tie irons to keep it intact. Finally, in 1668

360-735: The word spire is attested in English since the 1590s, spir having been used in Middle Low German since the 14th century, a form related to the Old English word spir , meaning a sprout, shoot, or stalk of grass. The Gothic church spire originated in the 12th century as a simple, four-sided pyramidal structure on top of a church tower. The spire could be constructed of masonry, as at Salisbury Cathedral , or of wood covered with lead, as at Notre-Dame de Paris . Gradually, spires became taller, slimmer, and more complex in form. Triangular sections of masonry, called broaches were added to

380-658: Was known throughout the years for its Christmas program. From 1877, the building also housed Clermont's first lending library. The books were donated by the Larrabee family. A group of people in town wanted to start Protestant services, and beginning in 1933 the Rev. J.J. Snyder of Elgin, Iowa served as the first minister of what was known as the Union Church. In 1943 the congregation became Methodists . Union Sunday School dwindled in size and disbanded in 1963. At that time it

400-685: Was the oldest organization in continuous operation in Clermont. The Methodist congregation disbanded in 1966. The Presbytery of Northeast Iowa donated the building to the non-profit Historical Governor Larrabee Home in 1970. The brick structure measures 57 by 41 feet (17 by 12 m). Its main facade features the suggestion of a pediment formed by the decorative brick frieze and the simple brick coping . Extending below it are four capped brick pilasters . The windows are all rectangular in shape and they each have locally quarried dolomite lintels and sills . The front windows have louvered shutters. Above

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