Misplaced Pages

#589410

58-474: The only election that PKNU contested was in 2009 , as the party failed to participate in subsequent elections due to failure to satisfy the increasingly rigorous KPU RI criteria. Following years of electoral vacuum and continued resistance to unite with larger parties, PKNU leaders decided to merge the party with People's Sovereignty Party (Partai Kedaulatan Rakyat) in 2022. PKNU was founded by ulemas affiliated by Nahdlatul Ulama who were disillusioned by

116-521: A "quiet period" of three days, during which all election posters, banners and other materials had to be removed from public places. However, TV advertising was permitted to continue. The legislative election took place on 9 April, and results were announced one month later. The new members of the DPD and the DPR will be sworn in on 1 October. Over 60 parties registered for the elections, but only 34 originally met

174-459: A 15.7% increase from the 2004 legislative election . This number represents almost 74% of the total population of Indonesia A total of 121,588,366 ballots were cast, of which 14.4% were declared invalid . According to the KPU, the number of registered votes who did not vote increased from 15.93% to 29% compared to the previous election. Under General Election Commission (KPU) Regulation No. 20/2008,

232-471: A meeting of a committee to draft changes to the Constitution , various factions within the government proposed an increase to between 560 and 600 seats total. On 18 February 2008, the committee agreed on a 10-seat increase in the council to 560 total seats in order to accommodate for the new province of West Sulawesi and population increase. The number of registered voters was finalised at 171,265,442,

290-598: A newly established minor party, in 2022. Anam was appointed as the chairperson of the new party's Honorary Council. In the legislative election held on 9 April 2009, support for the PKNU was higher than the party's national average in the following provinces: 2009 Indonesian legislative election [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Legislative elections were held in Indonesia on 9 April 2009 for 132 seats of

348-524: A parliamentary threshold rule met objections from smaller political parties. By limiting seating in the DPR to parties receiving 2.5% of the popular vote, smaller parties would be at a disadvantage. A request filed by 11 parties to review the rule was rejected by the Constitutional Court . On 28 April lawmakers from six parties in the DPR submitted a formal proposal to investigate negligence and discrimination during voter registration as

406-429: A tracking survey that showed not all voters knew how to vote for candidates of the new DPD, or were even aware it existed. Up to 475,000 candidates were nominated by the political parties in the national, provincial, and regental levels. More than 1,200 candidates stood for 128 seats in the DPD, and 7,756 candidates stood for 550 seats in the DPR. Candidates were elected in an open list system. Election day, 5 April,

464-780: The Democratic Party (PD), the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS), and the National Mandate Party (PAN). The PKS was the only party not to nominate candidates, but it threw its support behind PAN's Amien Rais . Newly elected members of the People's Representative Council (DPR) and members of the Regional Representative Council (DPD) took the oath of office in separate sessions on 1 October, one day later than

522-561: The Indonesian Communist Party to stand as candidates in the legislative election. Only parties or coalitions of parties tallying 25% of the national vote or winning 112 seats (20%) in the 560-member DPR may nominate a candidate in the presidential election to be held in July 2009 . The introduction of a parliamentary threshold also meant that only parties receiving more than 2.5% of the popular vote would be seated in

580-519: The Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle of former president Megawati Sukarnoputri . Popular vote results were certified as scheduled on 9 May by the KPU, which also announced that only nine parties would gain seats in the DPR based on rules of the parliamentary threshold. However, party seating could not be certified immediately after several parties raised concerns over the KPU's vote-counting methods. Seating distribution

638-426: The Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle . On 5 October 2004 three regencies were carved out of the province of South Sulawesi to form West Sulawesi as the 33rd province of Indonesia. Because this occurred after the 2004 legislative election , West Sulawesi was not represented in the DPD during the 2004–2009 period. There were talks on increasing the number of seats in the DPR as early as September 2007. In

SECTION 10

#1732776482590

696-543: The National Awakening Party ) only collected 24% of votes. The Prosperous Justice Party gained 12 seats but fell short of its goal of garnering 15% of total votes cast. In addition to growing concerns for the economy, observers believed that many voters shied away from Islamism after several local elections resulted in victories for Islamic parties. Once elected, these officials began experimenting with sharia , or Islamic law, prompting resistance among

754-426: The People's Representative Council , Golkar received the most number of seats. It had previously lost to the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle in the 1999 legislative election after being in power since 1970. However, fourteen of the twenty-four participating parties refused to certify the election results after allegations of irregular vote counting. To achieve proportional representation , seat allocation

812-450: The Regional Representative Council (DPD) and 560 seats of the People's Representative Council (DPR). A total of 38 parties met the requirements to be allowed to participate in the national elections, with a further six regional parties contesting in Aceh only. The Democratic Party of incumbent President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono won the largest share of the vote, followed by Golkar and

870-549: The United Development Party , in the end, decided not to join. Members of the new legislature took the oath of office on 1 October for a five-year term in an inauguration ceremony whose cost was estimated at US$ 4.7 million. The DPR elected Marzuki Alie of the Democratic Party as its Speaker and announced a total of nine factions in the legislature. West Sumatra representative Irman Gusman

928-474: The 112 needed to nominate a candidate. No party met the criterion of achieving 25% of the popular vote. By 16 May, three coalitions submitted candidates for the presidential election. The coalition led by the Democratic Party submitted President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono and Bank Indonesia Governor Boediono as running mates. Golkar and the People's Conscience Party submitted Vice President Jusuf Kalla and retired General Wiranto as running mates. Finally,

986-552: The DPR. Although the election campaign began on 12 July 2008, before 16 March, it was limited to invitation-only meetings, advertisements in the media and the distribution of campaign materials. The public campaign ran until 5 April 2009. Participants in the campaign were banned from calling into question the ideological or constitutional basis of the state as well as its form as a unitary republic. Campaign donations for DPR candidates were limited to one billion Indonesian rupiah from individuals and Rp5 billion from organisations, while

1044-601: The Hare quota values for the provinces in Java were on average higher than those for the outer islands. A party require fewer votes to automatically secure a seat outside of Java. For example, the National Awakening Party (PKB) received more votes than the National Mandate Party (PAN) but received nearly the same number of seats. More than half of PKB seats were received in the party's stronghold of East Java , where

1102-1010: The Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle, the Great Indonesia Movement Party , the People's Conscience Party , the Prosperous Peace Party , the Reform Star Party , the Ulema National Awakening Party , the National People's Concern Party , the Labor Party and the Indonesian Nahdlatul Community Party . Two parties who had been considering joining the coalition, the National Mandate Party and

1160-623: The KPU continued to dismiss challenges to results of its vote count. The KPU also requested that any investigation by the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) on the failure of the Rp40 billion ( US$ 3.68 million) electronic vote-counting system to be postponed until after presidential elections in July. Despite these allegations, the Constitutional Court declined to open hearing to disputes regarding

1218-589: The MPR was not elected until several days later when Hidayat Nur Wahid of the PKS won the vote 326 to 324 against PDI-P's Sutjipto . On 5 October three regencies were carved out of the province of South Sulawesi to form West Sulawesi as the 33rd province of Indonesia. Because this occurred after the elections, West Sulawesi was not represented in the Regional Representative Council until

SECTION 20

#1732776482590

1276-513: The MPR were directly elected , this called for the removal of the military from the legislature, whose 38 seats in the Assembly were appointed. This change and an amendment for direct election of the President and Vice President were significant steps for Indonesia on the road towards full democracy . On 13 July 2003, President Megawati Sukarnoputri signed into effect a law outlining

1334-548: The People's Representative Council, Golkar, the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle, the National Awakening Party , the United Development Party , the Democratic Party, the Prosperous Justice Party, and the National Mandate Party were qualified to submit candidates for the country's first direct presidential election later in the year. The election has been described as the most complicated election in

1392-531: The People's Representative Council. The PKB, co-founded by former President and former Nahdlatul Ulama Chairman Abdurrahman Wahid , continued to perform well in its stronghold of East Java despite losing votes. The Islamic Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) and the Democratic Party (PD) finished first and second, respectively, in Jakarta , where voting patterns were considered a "barometer of Indonesian politics". Together, both parties received 42.5% of votes in

1450-530: The capital city. Polarisation of voting patterns based on religion was evident in the eastern provinces. Christianity -based Prosperous Peace Party (PDS) received 14.8% of votes in Christian-dominant North Sulawesi and 13 seats overall in the People's Representative Council. Likewise, Muslims were more likely to vote for the PKS in regions where religious conflict has been historically prevalent. The 2004 legislative election

1508-501: The coalition led by the Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle and the Great Indonesia Movement Party submitted former President Megawati Sukarnoputri and retired General Prabowo Subianto as running mates. It initially appeared that Golkar would enter into a coalition with the Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle to challenge the Democratic Party in the July presidential election. However, talks were broken off on 13 April 2009, with Golkar reportedly more interested in continuing

1566-433: The coalition with Yudhoyono rather than risk being cut off from power completely. Yudhoyono was also in talks with Islamist parties in a bid to form a coalition controlling more than half the seats in parliament. By late April 2009, Golkar was in talks with smaller parties to gain the votes it lacked to be able to nominate Kalla as a presidential candidate. A ten-party coalition was formed on 1 May, consisting of Golkar,

1624-455: The composition of the reorganised MPR. The new DPD was composed of four representatives from each of the 32 provinces of Indonesia , not totalling more than one-third of the members of the DPR. The revised constitution also set membership in the DPR at 550. During the first phases of registration, 150 parties were registered with the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights. However, this number

1682-446: The corresponding limits for DPD candidates were Rp250 million from individuals and Rp500 million from organisations. In contrast to previous parliamentary elections that were closed list , Indonesia instituted an open list system for this election. Individuals campaigned not only as members of their political party but also on their own merits, and some who were not listed at the top of the party's list won seats. The introduction of

1740-451: The election after a proposal for two of the four deputy seats to be allocated solely to DPD members was rejected. 2004 Indonesian legislative election Legislative elections were held in on 5 April 2004 for both houses of the People's Consultative Assembly of Indonesia . This included all 550 seats in the People's Representative Council and 128 seats of the newly formed Regional Representative Council . Final results of

1798-471: The election, the seat allocation system for the People's Representative Council was also deemed "the most complicated in the world" by several news sources across the country. Seven political parties met the criteria to submit candidates for the July presidential election : Golkar , the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P), the National Awakening Party (PKB), the United Development Party (PPP),

Ulema National Awakening Party - Misplaced Pages Continue

1856-432: The eligibility requirements. However, on 15 August 2008, following a successful legal challenge, another four parties were permitted to join the contest, making 38 in total. A total of 11,219 candidates vied for seats in the DPR, and 1,116 candidates vied for seats in the DPD. Among the requirements for parties is that 30% of candidates are women. The Constitutional Court also lifted the restriction on former members of

1914-663: The final allocation of seats in the People's Representative Council and provincial and regental legislatures. The Democratic Party lost two seats, one to the National Mandate Party and Prosperous Peace Party each. The Pioneers' Party gained one seat from the United Democratic Nationhood Party . Meanwhile, the only seat allocated to the Freedom Bull National Party by the General Election Commission

1972-596: The first phase of the election was finalising the list of voters. This was completed on 24 October 2008 with 170,022,239 people announced as eligible voters. However, a month later, the KPU announced that due to errors in entering data, and after eliminating multiple counting, the final total was 171,068,667, including 1,509,892 overseas voters. It changed the final count once again on 12 March 2009 to 171,265,442 national and overseas voters after investigating allegations of voters left unregistered. The election campaign began on 12 July 2008 and ran until 5 April 2009, followed by

2030-408: The history of democracy . During its 2002 annual session, the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) added 14 amendments to the Constitution of Indonesia . Included in these amendments were measures to reorganise the legislature. Beginning in 2004, the MPR was composed of the existing People's Representative Council (DPR) and a new Regional Representative Council (DPD). Because all the seats in

2088-469: The local population. Most notably, legislators had proposed an anti-pornography bill in 2006 to gain the favour of religious groups. However, the bill's vagueness meant that practising yoga could be construed as a pornographic action. Additionally, several corruption charges were brought against officials representing Islamic parties, which had previously been considered clean compared to other political parties. The trend of voting for secular parties

2146-440: The organisation's "political vehicle", National Awakening Party (PKB). Some 17 ulemas, including future vice president Ma'ruf Amin and Abdullah Faqih of Langitan Pesantren , are the initiators of the new party. They concurred to appoint Abdullah Chudori as the party's first Executive Council chief. PKNU contested the 2009 elections , but won only 1.5 percent of the vote, less than the 2.5 percent electoral threshold, meaning it

2204-471: The party established a coalition in 2013. The coalition agreement enabled PKNU cadres to participate in 2014 elections by hopping in PPP party list. Party chairperson Choirul Anam clarified that despite the coalition arrangement, PKNU had not fully merged with PPP. Following years of vacuum due to failure to participate in general elections, PKNU merged with People's Sovereignty Party (Partai Kedaulatan Rakyat) ,

2262-490: The performance of medium and small parties in the region. Despite winning the largest share of vote once again in Bali , PDI-P performance there suffered the greatest after the 2002 bombings by terrorist group Jemaah Islamiyah devastated the island province's economy. Both the National Awakening Party (PKB) and the United Development Party (PPP), both of whom were considered Islamist parties, maintained their rankings in

2320-479: The popular vote tally showed that Golkar , the former ruling party of the New Order era, received the most votes. It had lost to the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle in the 1999 legislative election . The Democratic Party and the Prosperous Justice Party , two of the newest parties to participate in the elections, received a combined 14.8% of the popular vote. Based on the final allocation of seats in

2378-425: The provinces of Papua and North Sumatra on 8 July, the same day as the presidential election . Election results saw a drop in votes for Islamic parties compared to 2004 when they collected a total of 38% of votes. Although 87% of Indonesia's population are followers of Islam, the four Islamic parties in this election (the United Development Party , the National Mandate Party , the Prosperous Justice Party , and

Ulema National Awakening Party - Misplaced Pages Continue

2436-706: The quota value was higher. In contrast, only four of PAN seats were automatically secured. Results showed that Golkar , the former ruling party of the New Order era led by People's Representative Council Speaker Akbar Tanjung , had won the most number of seats, defeating President Megawati Sukarnoputri 's Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P). Golkar received more votes than other parties in twenty-six out of thirty-two provinces. However, these results occurred because of declining PDI-P popularity rather than an increase in Golkar's popularity. Golkar's support in its traditional stronghold of Sulawesi declined due to

2494-558: The remaining parties were required to merge or reorganise into a new party. The campaign period for parties and candidates began on 11 March and continued until 1 April. It was split into two phases by Nyepi , the Balinese day of silence. Parties delivered their national agendas indoors between 11 and 25 March. Although this was meant to encourage dialogue between parties and their constituents, these events were poorly attended. The International Foundation for Electoral Systems conducted

2552-648: The results of that election in the province of Papua . On 11 June, the Court ordered the KPU to revise its calculations for allocating seats in the DPR on the grounds that the KPU has misinterpreted its own regulations. Though the KPU initially refused to abide by the Court's ruling, it reversed its decision less than 24 hours later but would not begin work on the revision before 24 June. As many as 16 candidates who have been declared as victors in their respective districts could lose their seats, including DPR Speaker Agung Laksono . Election reruns will also be held in parts of

2610-422: The voter list. An investigation by the country's National Commission on Human Rights estimated that between 25 and 40% of eligible voters were not able to exercise their constitutional right to vote during the legislative elections. The commission's report pointed out weaknesses in the organisational structure of the KPU and the lack of a budgetary policy for organising elections. In order to continue updating

2668-467: The voter registration list for the July presidential election, the Ministry of Finance provided the KPU with an additional Rp19.34 billion (US$ 1.9 million) in funds. Polling stations were scheduled to open at 7 am and to remain open until noon local time on 9 April. However, several stations experienced delays with the opening time and had to extend polling hours in order to accommodate voters who had not yet cast their ballots. Each polling station

2726-735: Was awarded no seats in the People's Representative Council . PKNU failed to participate in the 2014 election , per the KPU RI resolution in early 2013 which deemed the party not qualified to participate. Due to this failure, the party experienced mass exodus as its members and leaders left the party in favour of PKB. At the same time, PKB invited PKNU members, along with New Indonesia National Sovereignty Party -- led by Yenny Wahid , Muslim activist and daughter of former president Abdurrahman Wahid -- to reconcile and "return home". Instead of returning to PKB, PKNU decided to approach another major Islamic party United Development Party (PPP), with whom

2784-504: Was conducted using the largest remainder method , whereby the Hare quota was used to determine seats automatically secured by individual parties. Any remaining seats assigned to the electoral region were allocated to remaining political parties based on the rank order of their remaining votes. A total of 273 disputes were brought before the Constitutional Court , the last of which were decided on 21 June. Of these cases, 38 decisions affected

2842-403: Was elected chairman of the DPD for the new five-year term. At the same time, several party coalitions discussed nominations for MPR Chairman, including Taufiq Kiemas , husband of former President Megawati Sukarnoputri. He was elected to the position on 3 October after receiving support from all nine political parties which were allocated seats in the DPR. The majority of DPD members walked out of

2900-404: Was eventually revised on 14 May after the KPU admitted to "human error" when displaying the original results. These results will be certified at a later date. The Constitutional Court began its hearings for approximately 620 election disputes on 18 May. Cases involved both elections for DPR and DPD candidates. A lawyer for a DPD candidate stated that all but two of the political parties accepted

2958-560: Was held on 5 July. Only parties that received 5% of the popular vote or 3% of seats in the People's Representative Council could submit candidates. Parties that did not meet these criteria had to join with other parties to meet at least one criterion. The counting of votes took one month, and the final results were announced on 5 May, one week later than was initially scheduled. Of 148,000,369 registered voters, 124,420,339 ballots (84.06%) were submitted. Of these ballots, 113,462,414 were considered valid, and 10,957,925 were declared invalid. In

SECTION 50

#1732776482590

3016-415: Was not limited to Islam-based parties. The Christianity -based Prosperous Peace Party received only 1.48% of votes, and Catholicism -based Indonesian Democratic Party of Devotion received 0.31%. The Democratic Party was the only party to have fulfilled the requirements needed to nominate its own candidates for president and vice president in the July election . It won 150 seats in the DPR, well over

3074-424: Was reassigned to the Reform Star Party . After the resolution of all disputes, sixteen parties received at least one seat in the People's Representative Council , while eight received none. The inconsistency in the order of parties according to votes received and seats allocated arose due to a special rule created to address uneven population distribution between Java and other islands. This rule stipulates that

3132-440: Was reduced to 50 and then 24 after scrutiny from the newly created General Election Commission. This reduction from the 48 parties that stood in the 1999 legislative election was attributed mainly to a new election law that allowed only parties that had won 2% of seats in the DPR, or 3% of seats in provincial and municipal legislatures in half of the provinces to stand in the 2004 election. Only six parties met this requirement, and

3190-706: Was relatively free of major incidents and irregularities. Minor violations included officials helping elderly voters cast and submit ballots. Two Indonesian election officials were also reported killed when delivering voting equipment in Papua . The Australian Parliamentary Observer Delegation and the European Union Election Observer Mission were among the organisations observing the election. The election results determined which political parties were eligible to submit candidates for Indonesia's first direct presidential election , which

3248-440: Was scheduled to begin counting election results at noon local time and report them to the KPU. Ballot counting continued until 9 May, when the KPU would certify its results. In Aceh , eight international organisations observed the elections: Preliminary results indicated that the Democratic Party of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono led the popular vote over Golkar , the party of incumbent Vice President Jusuf Kalla , and

3306-419: Was scheduled. Both houses then convened together in the early morning of 2 October and took the oath of office as the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR). Ginandjar Kartasasmita was elected the inaugural chairman of the DPD with 72 of 128 votes in a run-off against Irman Gusman on 1 October. The following day, Agung Laksono of Golkar was elected Speaker of the DPR by a vote of 280 to 257. The Chairman of

3364-487: Was the most complicated in Indonesian history because Indonesians had to vote for representatives at the national, provincial, and regental levels. These factors made Indonesia 's electoral system unique from other systems in the world. The election was described as the longest and most complicated election in the history of democracy and secured the nation's place as the world's third-largest democracy. Even before

#589410