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39-963: The term "Marikina Watershed" is sometimes used to specifically refer to this protected area, but is also generally to the river's entire drainage basin, from the Sierra Madre Mountains of Rizal Province all the way to the Napindan area in Pasig , where its mouth empties into the Pasig River . The Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape had been named the Marikina Watershed Reservation until November, 2011, when President Benigno S. Aquino III upgraded its status from "reservation" to "protected landscape." The area officially referred to as

78-574: A boat ride from Aurora province, south of Isabela or from Santa Ana, Cagayan, north of the province. Ilagan–Divilacan Road traversing the Sierra Madre mountain is about to be completed. The Sierra Madre mountain range is rich in genetic, species, and habitat diversity, supplying food, water, and shelter to millions of people. The mountain range hosts multiple watersheds and some of the Philippines' oldest forests. These forests are some of

117-429: A point at which an American Colonial Era levee shifted the flow of Marikina River west, away from the population center of Sitio Bayanbayanan (Now known as Concepcion Uno), where erosion had been a problem. The construction of a levee left behind a remnant waterway now known as Patay na Ilog (literally "Dead River", referring to the former path of the river) where the original path of the river once traversed, which rejoins

156-912: A sharp North-South turn towards the Municipality of San Mateo, where the Ampid River forms the boundary between Barangays Maly and Ampid. At this point across the River in Quezon City, Calamiong Creek drains Barangay Bagong Silang. Further downstream the Nangka River and its own tributary in the Sapang Labo Creek mark the Boundary between San Mateo and Marikina. City of Marikina Somewhere north of Brgy Tumana in Marikina marks

195-556: Is bordered by the Pacific Ocean to the east, Cagayan Valley to the northwest, Central Luzon to the midwest, and Calabarzon to the southwest. Some communities east of the mountain range, along the coast, are less developed and so remote that they could only be accessed by taking a plane or a boat. The country's largest protected area, the Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park , is situated at

234-484: Is home to Indigenous Dumagat-Remontado communities who have ancestral domain claims covering parts of the mountain range. Some coastal communities east of the Sierra Madre mountains, especially from Palanan, Isabela heading north to near the northernmost tip of mainland Cagayan, are remote and isolated with no roads connecting them to towns west of the mountain range. Towns like Palanan, Divilacan and Maconacon, Isabela can only be reached by plane from Cauayan or

273-443: Is threatened by human activities. Settlers living at the lower portions of the slopes generally are supported by work in logging and charcoal-making. Some portions of the forest cover are already second growth forest . Forest degradation of at least 1,400 hectares (3,500 acres) per year caused by illegal tree cutting, slash-and-burn farming, fuel-wood collection, illegal hunting, and residential expansion. A gold and copper mine in

312-558: The Kaliwa Low Dam that did not materialize and under the new administration, Rodrigo Duterte approved the Chinese-funded proposal. Aside from the destruction of ecologically important forests, the dam also faces controversy for fulfillment of its financial requirement through a Chinese loan with a 2.0% interest rate rather than a Japanese loan with a 1.25% interest rate. The project continues to face strong opposition from

351-801: The Philippines . The name, when literally translated, means "smelly creek". It is one of 21 tributaries of Laguna de Bay and is regularly monitored by the Laguna Lake Development Authority (LLDA) through one of its 15 river monitoring stations. Among its headwaters are the Hinulugang Taktak falls on the Taktak River in Antipolo city, once a famed tourist destination in the days before urbanization and pollution. The Sapang Baho river originates in

390-504: The Sierra Madre shrew mouse and Sierra Madre forest mouse . Pterocarpus indicus ("Narra"), the national tree of the Philippines, Agathis dammara ("Almaciga"), and Diospyros blancoi ("Kamagong") can be found on the Sierra Madre range. Isabela oriole , Philippine eagle , and Philippine crocodile are critically endangered species that can be found in fragmented locations. The Sierra Madre mountain range forest habitat

429-476: The province of Cagayan and ends in the south in the province of Quezon . In the province of Nueva Vizcaya , the Caraballo Mountains lies between Sierra Madre and Cordillera Central . The mountain range is widely believed to serve as a typhoon barrier for Luzon. However, it is only truly effective for Cagayan Valley where wind exposure and rainfall brought by the typhoon are both reduced. For

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468-537: The Catholic Church, and worldwide environmental groups. The Kaliwa dam project through a project called "New Centennial Water Source" in Sitio Cablao, Brgy. Pagsangahan, General Nakar, Quezon / Sitio Queborosa, Brgy. Magsaysay, Infanta, Quezon is threatening the endangered species living in the sparse remaining forest of Sierra Madre and indigenous people's lives in that area. This project replaced

507-802: The LLDA water sampling station. Creeks further upstream which serve as the headwaters of the Sapang Baho include (from West to East): Hakbangan Creek in Marikina ; a creek at Barangay Mayamot, Antipolo; and furthest to the Southeast, the Taktak River and Hinulugang Taktak falls in Antipolo. In the December 2005 Water Quality Status Report listed on the LLDA's site, the Sapang Baho River

546-524: The Marikina River just south of Tumana Bridge. The dredging for this American era levee left behind a large stone outcropping just below water level where the Marikina's children would play, back when the water was still clean, such that this part of the river is still called "luksong kabayo". The name of Barangay Tumana, in the Tagalog language, means a fertile highland above water level. The area

585-553: The Marikina River then flows through its namesake city, Marikina. Near the boundary of Marikina and Pasig cities, the river meets the gates of the Manggahan Floodway , a controlled waterway used to prevent flooding in Manila during heavy rains by diverting most of the water of the Marikina towards Laguna de Bay (i.e. Laguna Lake ) instead of the Pasig River . 6.75 kilometers (4.19 mi) further downstream through Pasig,

624-522: The Marikina River's mouth finally empties into the Pasig River. The Marikina River at the center of the flows approximately 11 km and has a number of tributaries in the form of creeks and rivers, draining four municipalities and one city in the Province of Rizal, and three cities in the Philippines' National Capital Region. Rodriguez, Rizal The biggest of these tributaries are upstream in

663-982: The Marikina river but are not directly connected. These include the Bankaan Creek in Barangay Parang, the Concepcion Creek in Barangay Concepcion Dos, and the Usiw Creek in Barangay Sta Elena. Instead, these waterways are linked in a complex network with the Balanti, Halang, and Muntingdilao Creeks and the Sapang Baho River , eventually emptying into Manggahan Floodway and Laguna de Bay. As defined by Presidential Proclamation No. 296 which created it,

702-505: The National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) Act of 1992. Sierra Madre (Philippines) The Sierra Madre is the longest mountain range in the Philippines . Spanning over 540 kilometers (340 mi), it runs from the province of Cagayan down to the province of Quezon in a north–south direction on the eastern portion of Luzon , the largest island of the archipelago. It

741-510: The Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape covers 26,125.64 hectares, covering the upper reaches of the Marikina watershed in the Province of Rizal, flowing through the Antipolo , Baras , Rodriguez , San Mateo , and Tanay . In Rodriguez, the river is dammed by Wawa Dam , a structure built during the early 1900s to provide water for Manila. From the official protected landscape area,

780-694: The Upper Marikina Watershed Protected Landscape is surrounded with other reservations and protected areas on all sides except the south, where it is surrounded by "alienable and disposable lands." It is bounded on the West by the Lungsod Silangan Townsite Reservation (created under Presidential Proclamation 1637 dated April 18, 1977); Pamitinan Protected Landscape (created under Presidential Proclamation 901 dated October 10, 1996); on

819-459: The benefits that the Sierra Madre brings and the risks and dangers of neglecting it. The proclamation also calls "all sectors of society and the government" to join hands in pursuing activities geared toward the conservation of the Sierra Madre, and to plan, prepare, and conduct activities in observance of Save Sierra Madre Day. Sapang Baho River The Sapang Baho River is a river system that runs through Rizal Province and Marikina in

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858-773: The boundary. Further south on the Quezon City side Barangay Pansol is drained by Pansol Creek, with headwaters reaching as far up to just behind the University of the Philippines Integrated School Campus. Even Further South in Barangay Malanday, Marikina, the Lamuan-Bulelak creek also empties into the Marikina River, although its precise mouth area has been blurred by the construction of residential buildings. Adjacent Creeks In Marikina, numerous other creeks flow nearby

897-494: The country's largest remaining forest blocks, including an old-growth dipterocarp forest, montane forests, and extensive lowland forests. Sierra Madre's forests and watersheds are home to some of the country's richest wildlife communities. More than 291 species of birds and 25 endemic mammals may be found within the Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park alone. Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park,

936-533: The largest protected area in Sierra Madre range, is home to endemic dipterocarp trees belonging to the Hopea and Shorea genera, orchids such as Dendrobium aclinia , the leguminous tree, Milletia longipes and a member of the citrus family, Swinglea glutinosa as well. In the forest, in April 2010, the endemic lizard species Northern Sierra Madre Forest monitor lizard – Varanus bitatawa (common name: Butikaw )

975-753: The more mountainous areas of Rodriguez. This includes the Tayabasan and Montalban rivers, the Boso Boso River, and the Wawa River, which meets the Marikina River just upstream of Wawa Dam. Further downstream from the dam, but still in the town of Rodriguez are the Puray river (which flows near Avilon Zoo), and the Manga river. San Mateo, Rizal Up till this point the river follows a more or less East-West direction until San Jose, Rodriguez, where it takes

1014-479: The mountains of Rizal province, including upper portions of the city of Marikina , which has since become part of the Metro Manila . Its mouth , which once released water directly into Laguna de Bay , has been obscured by the construction of the Manggahan Floodway , into whose East bank it now drains at the barangay of San Francisco, Cainta , somewhere near San Francisco Elementary School. The portion of

1053-602: The municipality of Kasibu , Nueva Vizcaya , has been operated by the OceanaGold Corporation based in Australia. The Didipio mine is a large-scale open-pit mine in a remote location, and local residents claim the company has severely damaged both the environment for miles around the site, and suppressed the long-standing farming economy. Oceana continues to assert a right to operate despite expiration of its permit, and opposition by organized local residents,

1092-469: The northern boundary line of Rizal Province crosses Mount Bantay; thence easterly along said northern boundary line of Rizal Province to the place of beginning, containing one hundred square miles, more or less." Proclamation 296 placed the Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape "under the administrative jurisdiction of the Department of Environment and Natural Reosources" under the provisions of

1131-460: The northern part of the range in the province of Isabela . The park is in the UNESCO tentative list for World Heritage List inscription. Environmentalists, scholars, and scientists have been urging the government to include the other parks within the Sierra Madre mountains for a UNESCO site that would include the whole mountain range from Cagayan to Quezon . In the north, the range starts in

1170-701: The public yet the government is eager to continue. Construction of Kaliwa dam began in 2022. The Mabuwaya Foundation is a non-governmental organization that aims to protect and conserve the Philippine crocodiles and other endemic threatened species. They mainly works in the towns of Divilican and San Mariano in Isabela. On June 19, 2012, in light of the onslaught of Tropical Storm Ondoy on September 26, 2009, Philippine president Benigno Aquino III signed Proclamation No. 413, declaring every September 26 as "Save Sierra Madre Day" in an effort to raise awareness on

1209-718: The rest of Luzon along its western slopes such as in Metro Manila, rainfall is actually enhanced by orographic lifting. The range's highest point is unclear, and several peaks are attributed as the highest. Mount Anacuao in Aurora province stands at 6,069 feet (1,850 m), while Mount Cetaceo in Cagayan is of similar altitude. However, an expedition in September and October 2012 to Mount Guiwan (Nueva Vizcaya) preliminarily measured an altitude of 6,283 feet (1,915 m) on

Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape - Misplaced Pages Continue

1248-548: The river cut off by the floodway still exists, visible at the opposite bank of the floodway at the Greenwoods Executive Village in Cainta, and ending at the original rivermouth where the shore of Taytay, Rizal meets Laguna de Bay. The main body of the river actually meanders only a short distance between Taytay and Cainta, Rizal, where it branches out into smaller creeks at Village East Subdivision, near

1287-681: The southwest by the Integrated Social Forestry Program Area (defined under Presidential Proclamation 585 dated June 5, 1990);on the East by Kaliwa Watershed Forest Reserve (created under Presidential Proclamation 573 dated June 26, 1969); and on the North by Angat Watershed Forest Reserve (created under Presidential Proclamation 71 dated March 10, 1927). The Marikina Watershed Reservation was originally created on July 26, 1904, by virtue of Executive Order No. 33, which

1326-547: The summit of Mount Cayabasan , on the northern boundary line of Rizal Province, and running in a southerly direction along the summit of the range of mountains to a point on the summit of the mountains, about five miles northeast of the town of Varas ; thence westerly along the summit or ridge to a point halfway between Antipolo and Boso-Boso (now Barangay San Jose in Antipolo), where the trail crosses said ridge, thence northerly along said ridge or summit to Mount Bantay , where

1365-490: The summit. List of highest peaks along the mountain range by elevation. List of major rivers along the mountain range by length. Two ecoregions cover the Sierra Madre. The Luzon rain forests cover the lower slopes of the range, and are characterized by dipterocarp trees. The Luzon montane rain forests cover the portions of the range above 1,000 meters (3,300 ft) of elevation, and are characterized by laurel forests of oak and laurel trees. Sierra Madre

1404-446: Was considered ideal for vegetable farming due to the rich riversoil, and the annual inundation of the area by the Marikina River during rainy season, which prevented crawling insect pests from staying permanently. This area was eventually also used for riversoil quarrying and saw an influx of informal settlers which turned it into a residential area, eventually becoming a separate Barangay from Concepcion, with Patay na Ilog forming part of

1443-505: Was described to science, although the Aeta and Ilongot indigenous peoples have known and used it as a food source. The Northern Sierra Madre forest monitor lizard is one of the three frugivorous lizards in the Varanidae family along with V. olivaceus and V. mabitang . All of the three frugivorous lizards are found only in the Philippines. Endemic mammals in Sierra Madre are

1482-628: Was issued by then Governor-General of the Philippine Islands Luke Edward Wright . The order set aside a tract of land in the Province of Rizal to be known as the "Mariquina Reservation." Its stated objective was "to protect the watershed of the Mariquina River, the source of the water supply of the city of Manila." It described the area of the reservation thus: "In the Province of Rizal : Beginning on

1521-519: Was listed as " worse than Class D " with very low % Dissolved Oxygen saturation. It also indicated that this status had been "maintained" since the river was last monitored. According to the Department of Environment and Natural Resources 's Water Usage & Classification for Fresh Water, Class D Quality freshwater is suitable for agriculture, irrigation, livestock watering and industrial water supply class II. " Worse than Class D " means that

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