Misplaced Pages

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83-508: In sport, a goal may refer to either an instance of scoring, or to the physical structure or area where an attacking team must send the ball or puck in order to score points. The structure of a goal varies from sport to sport, and one is placed at or near each end of the playing field for each team to defend. Sports which feature goal scoring are also commonly known as invasion games . For many sports, each goal structure usually consists of two vertical posts, called goal posts , supporting

166-551: A cognate with Old High German ballo, pallo , Middle High German balle from Proto-Germanic *ballon (weak masculine), and Old High German ballâ, pallâ , Middle High German balle , Proto-Germanic *ballôn (weak feminine). No Old English representative of any of these is known. (The answering forms in Old English would have been beallu, -a, -e —compare bealluc, ballock .) If ball- was native in Germanic, it may have been

249-678: A goalpost while achieving the target is often known as achieving a goal. Ball A ball is a round object (usually spherical , but can sometimes be ovoid ) with several uses. It is used in ball games , where the play of the game follows the state of the ball as it is hit, kicked or thrown by players. Balls can also be used for simpler activities, such as catch or juggling . Balls made from hard-wearing materials are used in engineering applications to provide very low friction bearings, known as ball bearings . Black-powder weapons use stone and metal balls as projectiles . Although many types of balls are today made from rubber , this form

332-454: A penalty shoot-out if the score is still on level terms after normal time. Unlike normal football, penalty kicks are directly decided by sudden death rules; it was changed since 2014 to three kicks from the penalty mark are taken, and the team that has scored more wins. If it is not decided after three kicks from the penalty mark, the sudden death rules will then be applied. Since 2021, the rules were changed again from three to five kicks from

415-399: A power play in ice hockey, this period of numerical advantage ends early if the penalised team concedes a goal. Free kicks are awarded for various fouls. All free kicks are direct free kicks which has to be taken by the player who was fouled, unless awarded for deliberate handling. The laws specify that all players apart from the opposing goalkeeper must clear a zone between the kicker and

498-419: A try following a touchdown is worth one point. These are the only methods of putting the ball through the goal posts that award points to the kicking team; no points are scored if the ball is punted or thrown through the goal posts, or if the ball goes through the goal posts on a kickoff (except, in the latter case, in indoor American football , where some leagues award a single point ). In both sports,

581-414: A ball or balls and subject to rules are treated under their various names, such as polo , cricket , football , etc. In sports , many modern balls are pressurized. Some are pressurized at the factory (e.g. tennis , squash (sport) ) and others are pressurized by users (e.g. volleyball , basketball , football ). Almost all pressurized balls gradually leak air. If the ball is factory pressurized, there

664-523: A cognate with the Latin foll-is in sense of a "thing blown up or inflated." In the later Middle English spelling balle the word coincided graphically with the French balle "ball" and "bale" which has hence been erroneously assumed to be its source. French balle (but not boule ) is assumed to be of Germanic origin, itself, however. In Ancient Greek the word πάλλα ( palla ) for "ball" is attested besides

747-423: A crossbar 15 feet (4.57 m) above the playing surface and 9.5 feet (2.90 m) wide; this size is also used for most other indoor leagues as well. Uniquely in arena football, the goal posts are attached to nets on either side of the crossbar which are taut to allow the ball to rebound back onto the field of play. The nets are 30 feet (9.14 m) wide and 37 feet (11.28 m) high. These nets do not represent

830-524: A game called episkyros (ἐπίσκυρος), which has often been looked on as the origin of football. It seems to have been played by two sides, arranged in lines; how far there was any form of "goal" seems uncertain. It was impossible to produce a ball that was perfectly spherical; children usually made their own balls by inflating pig's bladders and heating them in the ashes of a fire to make them rounder, although Plato (fl. 420s BC – 340s BC) described "balls which have leather coverings in twelve pieces". Among

913-463: A goal post does not score a goal. The goal structure in Polo consists of two poles, at least 10 feet (3.0 m) high and exactly 8 yards apart. There is no crossbar and no net is required. The height at which a goal may be scored is infinite. In Hardcourt Bike Polo , a goal is scored if the ball passes completely over the goal line and the shot originated as a "shot" as defined by the rules. A shot

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996-427: A horizontal crossbar . A goal line marked on the playing surface between the goal posts demarcates the goal area. Thus, the objective is to send the ball or puck between the goal posts, under or over the crossbar (depending on the sport), and across the goal line. Other sports may have other types of structures or areas where the ball or puck must pass through, such as the basketball hoop . In several sports, sending

1079-400: A horizontal hoop that the ball must fall through. In basketball , the hoop and net used for scoring can be supported on a post or mechanism at each end, or on structures attached directly to the wall. The goal is the only method of scoring in several games. In each of these cases, the winner is the team that scores the most goals within the specified time. In association football , the goal

1162-550: A net is attached behind the goal frame to catch the ball and indicate that a goal has been scored; but the Laws of the Game do not mandate the use of a net and only require that any net used not interfere with the goalkeeper. In Beach soccer the goal is defined as a frame 5.50 m wide by 2.20 m tall. In Futsal the goal is defined as a frame 3 m wide by 2 m tall. In bandy , which has much of its structure from association football ,

1245-410: A regular association football pitch . The field is cleared of pebbles and seashells along with any other objects which could injure a player. The field is rectangular in shape and the touch line is longer than the goal line. The field dimensions are: The penalty area is within 9 m (9.8 yards) of the goals and is marked by a yellow flag situated in touch. Two red flags opposite each other are at

1328-489: A scoring area, but keep the ball in play and prevent it from entering the crowd. Canadian football also offers a secondary form of goal, the rouge or single point ; it is awarded if a ball enters the end zone by way of any kick (either a missed field goal or a punt) and is not returned by the opposing team; this is not offered in American football (such a play results in a touchback instead). In both rugby codes, there

1411-428: A selection of three to five players. Throw-ins and kick-ins mean the pace and flow of the game can be faster than regular football. Shoes and socks are not allowed; players must play in bare feet, although ankle guards are permitted. Goal clearances (the equivalent of a goal kick ) are taken by the goalkeeper using their hands to throw the ball and a goal cannot be scored directly from these. A game lasts 36 minutes and

1494-408: A set of goals more difficult just as they are being met, is often used in business but is derived from association football. It is commonly used to imply bad faith on the part of those setting goals for others to meet, by arbitrarily making additional demands just as the initial ones are about to be met. In business , the concept is more abstract, with some performance measure or target being set as

1577-402: A wall or ceiling at lower levels of play. The ring, net, and the front, top, bottom, and sides of the backboard are all considered inbounds, while the back of the backboard and the support structure – even those parts suspended over inbounds areas of the court – are considered out of bounds. In Gaelic football and ladies' Gaelic football a goal is scored when the ball passes completely beyond

1660-421: Is 3.66 metres (12.0 ft) wide by 2.14 metres (7.0 ft) tall. Like association football, a goal is scored when the ball passes completely over the goal line under the crossbar and between the goal posts. Nets are required to hold the ball in. A goal is only scored if shot from within a semicircle 14.63 metres (48.0 ft) from the goal. A goal in handball is scored when the ball is thrown completely over

1743-432: Is a function of temperature, generally tracking ambient conditions. Softer balls that are struck hard (especially squash balls) increase in temperature due to inelastic collision . In outdoor sports, wet balls play differently than dry balls. In indoor sports, balls may become damp due to hand sweat. Any form of humidity or dampness will affect a ball's surface friction, which will alter a player's ability to impart spin on

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1826-471: Is a scoring area marked at each end of the field called an in-goal area, and a separate H-shaped goal structure. The primary scoring method is a try , worth 5 points in rugby union and worth 4 points in rugby league . A try is scored by grounding the ball in the in-goal area. A goal is scored in either rugby code by place kicking or drop kicking a ball over the crossbar and between the uprights of H-shaped goalposts. The goalposts are positioned centrally on

1909-415: Is either 0.9 metres above the surface of the water or 2.4 metres above the floor of the pool, whichever is higher. Nets are required. The following games have more than one possible method of scoring where the goal is the primary method, i.e. the method that scores the most points. In most cases the score is shown as the number of goals, plus the number of secondary scores (usually 1 point), plus

1992-431: Is entitled to take a specified number of shots unopposed with both feet behind the free throw line. The basket consists of a metal ring 18 inches (46 cm) in internal diameter, suspended horizontally 10 feet (3.0 m) above the floor such that the center of the ring is equidistant from each sideline and 5 feet 3 inches (1.60 m) from the end line. The basket ring has a net attached below to briefly check

2075-472: Is expressed as the number of goals scored by each team, with the winner being the team that accumulated more over the specified time period. In other sports, a goal is not the sole method of scoring. In these sports, the goal is worth a set number of points but there are other methods of scoring which may be worth more, the same, or fewer points. In these sports, the score is expressed as the total number of points earned by each team. In Australian rules football

2158-576: Is made when the ball is played in a regular manner and the whole ball has passed the inner definition of the goal line between the two goal posts and the cross-bar. This is stated in section 9 of the Rules. A goal can be made directly from a stroke-off, penalty-shot, a free-stroke, a face-off or a corner stroke. Centered at each short-line of the bandy field is a 3.5 m (11 ft) wide and 2.1 m (6 ft 11 in) high goal cage, regulated to size, form, material and other properties in section 1.4 of

2241-418: Is made with either end of the mallet head similar to swinging a hammer whereas a shuffle is made with the long side like pushing a broom. Traditionally when using a non-netted goal such as two traffic cones the play is continued if the ball is shuffled through the goal of pass through the goal from the opposite direction. These non-netted goals are no long regulation in competitive play but are common depending on

2324-527: Is split up into three 12-minute periods. Unlike association football, in professional matches the referee is not the sole arbiter of the end of a period. A separate timekeeping official controls the official game clock, which is stopped for stoppages in play and typically counts down to zero, as in North American sports such as basketball and ice hockey. Draws are not permitted, with the game going into three minutes of golden goal extra time followed by

2407-483: Is the "end line", and each corner is marked with a pylon. Each end zone in American football is about 10 by 53.33 yards (9.14 m × 48.76 m) wide, while each end zone in Canadian football is about 20 by 65 yards (18 m × 59 m) wide. Unlike other sports which require the ball/puck to pass completely over the goal line to count as a score, both Canadian and American football merely need any part of

2490-494: Is the only method of scoring. It is also used to refer to the scoring structure. An attempt on goal is referred to as a "shot". To score a goal, the ball must pass completely over the goal line between the goal posts and under the crossbar and no rules may be violated on the play (such as touching the ball with the hand or arm). See also offside . The goal structure is defined as a frame 24 feet (7.32 m) wide by 8 feet (2.44 m) tall. In most organized levels of play

2573-419: Is usually a rule about whether the ball retains sufficient pressure to remain playable. Depressurized balls lack bounce and are often termed "dead". In extreme cases, a dead ball becomes flaccid. If the ball is pressured on use, there are generally rules about how the ball is pressurized before the match, and when (or whether) the ball can be repressurized or replaced. Due to the ideal gas law , ball pressure

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2656-680: The Pro Beach Soccer Tour in 1996. The first Pro Beach Soccer Tour included a total of 60 games in two years across South America , Europe , Asia and the United States . Interest generated by the tour in Europe led to the creation of the European Pro Beach Soccer League in 1998, providing a more solid infrastructure that would increase the professionalism of the spectacle. EPBSL, now known as

2739-466: The Romans , ball games were looked upon as an adjunct to the bath, and were graduated to the age and health of the bathers, and usually a place (sphaeristerium) was set apart for them in the baths (thermae). There appear to have been three types or sizes of ball, the pila, or small ball, used in catching games, the paganica, a heavy ball stuffed with feathers, and the follis , a leather ball filled with air,

2822-462: The ancient Greeks , games with balls (σφαῖραι) were regarded as a useful subsidiary to the more violent athletic exercises, as a means of keeping the body supple, and rendering it graceful, but were generally left to boys and girls. Of regular rules for the playing of ball games, little trace remains, if there were any such. The names in Greek for various forms, which have come down to us in such works as

2905-469: The first FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup . The next four years would see this growth consolidated by further progress both on and off the field. By 2004, some 17 nations had entered teams, with this number expected to rise to over stage events. Such interest has allowed BSWW to strike certain sponsorship deals with international companies including McDonald's , Coca-Cola and MasterCard , who stepped up their involvement in 2004 and are now title sponsors of

2988-466: The following year , with many (but not all) college teams following suit in the years since. The NFL, which merged with the AFL in 1970 , had its crossbar over the goal line until  1974 . In arena football , a field goal also scores three points, unless it is drop kicked , in which case it scores four points. The goal structure in arena football is much smaller than the outdoor game; it consists of

3071-523: The Bandy Playing Rules. The cage has a net to stop the ball when it has crossed the goal-line. The cage shall be of an approved model. In front of the goal cage is a half-circular penalty area with a 17 m (56 ft) radius. A penalty spot is located 12 metres (39 ft) in front of the goal and there are two free-stroke spots at the penalty area line, each surrounded by a 5 m (16 ft) circle. The goal structure in field hockey

3154-740: The Beach Soccer Worldwide Rankings. Beach football ( beasal or futebol de areia ) started in Brazil , more precisely at Rio de Janeiro . In 1950 the first official tournament was created to unite neighborhood small tournaments that happened since 1940. It has grown to be an international game. The participation of international players such as Eric Cantona , Michel , Julio Salinas , Romário , Júnior and Zico has helped to expand television coverage to audiences in over 170 countries. Beach soccer had been played recreationally for years and in different formats. In 1992

3237-796: The Euro BS League, brought promoters together from across the continent and satisfied the demands of the media, sponsors and fans. Four years on from its creation, the first step in the building of a legitimate worldwide competition structure for the sport of pro beach soccer had been taken. Behind the scenes developments were also taking place, with the Beach Soccer Company relocating its headquarters to Europe firstly to Monaco and then Barcelona before becoming Pro Beach Soccer, S.L. in April 2000. One year later they would join forces with Octagon Koch Tavares (who had continued to organise

3320-473: The Euro BS League. Recognition has also come from FIFA who have cited BSWW as the major entity behind the creation and growth of Beach Soccer, forming a "highly promising" partnership that was "in its full splendour" seen in the 2005 world cup, held in Copacabana Beach, Brazil. France won the first world cup and the next year Brazil won it at the same venue. The World Cup has continued to flourish with

3403-544: The World Championships and events in South America) to form a single entity known as Beach Soccer Worldwide (BSWW) with the aim of unifying all major Pro Beach Soccer tournaments in the world under the same structure and providing representation of the sport to major sponsors, the media and FIFA . FIFA became the global governing body of the sport in 2005, acknowledging BSWW's framework and organizing

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3486-429: The ball crosses below the crossbar and a point is scored when the ball passes above it. At each end of the field in the following games, there is both a marked scoring area and a separate goal post structure. In these games, the term "goal" is only used for the secondary scoring method of putting the ball through the goal post structure. In American and Canadian football, there is a scoring area marked at each end of

3569-404: The ball or puck into the opponent's goal structure or area is the sole method of scoring, and thus the final score is expressed in the total number of goals scored by each team. In other sports, a goal may be one of several scoring methods, and thus may be worth a different set number of points than the others. In some sports, the goal is the sole method of scoring. In these sports, the final score

3652-469: The ball to break the vertical plane of the outer edge of the goal line to count as a touchdown. A field goal is a secondary method of scoring; it is scored when the ball is place kicked or drop kicked completely over the crossbar and between or directly over the goal posts. A field goal scores 3 points in both versions of the sport. In the American game, the now rarely used fair catch kick , if successfully made, also scores 3 points. A goal kicked during

3735-404: The ball's downward progress and indicate a score. The ring is fastened to a rectangular backboard 6 feet (1.8 m) wide by 3.5 feet (1.1 m) tall, though in lower levels of play or recreational use the backboard may be smaller and/or fan-shaped. The entire structure is supported from behind and anchored to the floor beyond the end line at higher levels of play; the structure may be anchored to

3818-546: The ball. The action required to apply spin to a ball is governed by the physics of angular momentum . Spinning balls travelling through air (technically a fluid ) will experience the Magnus effect , which can produce lateral deflections in addition to the normal up-down curvature induced by a combination of wind resistance and gravity . Several sports use a ball in the shape of a prolate spheroid : Beach soccer Football has long been played informally on beaches, but

3901-399: The center of the field to represent the half-way line. The goals are smaller than their standard association football counterparts, being 2.2 metres (7 ft 3 in) from the ground to the bottom of the crossbar and 5.5 metres (18 ft) in width between the inside of each upright. Each team consists of five players including the goalkeeper and an unlimited number of substitutions, from

3984-449: The court the ball was shot from, and a team does not necessarily need to score the most baskets to win the game. Basketball scores are expressed in total points. A basket scored during normal play is called a field goal and is worth two points if shot from within or on the three-point line, and three points if shot from beyond the three-point line. The three-point line's distance from the basket varies by level. Points are also awarded to

4067-477: The crossbar and uprights were supported by a set of horizontal, vertical, and diagonal stanchions behind each upright. This design was last used professionally in the first Super Bowl in January 1967. The modern goal posts supported by a single "goose-necked" stanchion (in the shape of the letter 'Y') made their debut in the 1966 CFL playoffs and were adopted by all three professional leagues (CFL, NFL, and AFL )

4150-399: The crossbar for a goal, or over the crossbar between the posts for a point. In Australian rules football , there is no crossbar but four uprights instead. In basketball , netball or korfball , goals are ring-shaped. The structure is often accompanied with an auxiliary net, which stops or slows down the ball when a goal is scored. In netball , a single post at each end of the court supports

4233-418: The end boundary line; play often occurs behind the goal. In netball , a goal is scored when the ball is shot through a goal ring on a pole. In polo , a goal is scored if the ball passes completely between the goal posts, regardless of how far off the ground the ball is. The ball must be between the goal posts or the imaginary lines extending above the inside edges of the posts. A ball passing directly over

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4316-401: The field called an end zone , and a separate goal post structure. The primary method of scoring is a touchdown . Whether running , passing , returning a kickoff or punt , or recovering a turnover , a team scores a touchdown by advancing the ball into the end zone . A touchdown scores 6 points in both versions of the sport. The front line of the end zone is the "goal line", its back line

4399-404: The field of play, to prevent the ball from entering spectator areas. Until the mid-1960s, the goal posts were similar in design to rugby posts, with the crossbar and uprights supported by stanchions installed directly underneath the uprights (in the shape of the letter 'H'). A transitional design from this time retained the twin set of stanchions but placed them behind the crossbar. In this design,

4482-467: The first event to be covered by network television transmissions was held on Copacabana Beach in Rio de Janeiro and the city hosted the first Beach Soccer World Championship in 1995. The competition was won by the host nation, making Brazil the first-ever World Champions of Beach Soccer. Commercial interest begin to match developments on the field and growing demand for the sport around the world gave rise to

4565-467: The first held outside Brazil in 2008 and future World Cups spreading as far out as Tahiti in 2013 and Portugal in 2015 . The Women's Euro Beach Soccer Cup and Women's Euro Winners Cup were first held in 2016, whereas the Women's Euro Beach Soccer League debuted in 2021. In addition, the 2019 World Beach Games had a women's beach soccer tournament, and a Women's Intercontinental Beach Soccer Cup

4648-426: The goal in a particular order within the seven minute time limit. A goal in water polo is scored when the ball passes completely across the goal line, under the crossbar and between the goal posts. A goal may be scored through contact with any part of the attacker's body except a clenched fist. The goal structure in water polo is dependent upon the depth of the water. The goal mouth measures 3 metres across and

4731-427: The goal line (the front line of the in-goal area). The crossbar is 3 metres (9.8 ft) from the ground; the uprights are 5.5 metres (18 ft) apart in rugby league and 5.6 metres (18 ft) in rugby union. In the early years of rugby, only goals counted in scoring , and a " try " counted only if "converted" into a goal. The official name " goal from a try " for a converted try persisted until 1979. Celebrating

4814-422: The goal line, below the crossbar and between the goal posts. The goal structure in team handball is 2 metres high and 3 metres wide. A net is required to catch the ball. In ice hockey , the puck must be put completely over the goal line between the posts and under the bar either off an offensive player's stick or off any part of a defensive player's body. The puck may not be kicked, batted, or thrown into

4897-423: The goal line, between the goal posts and under the cross bar. The ball can be played with the hands, but a goal cannot be scored by hand. A ball travelling between the goal posts and over the cross bar is awarded one pointed called an "over". Overs are the most common scoring method with goals heavily defended. A goal is worth three points. In hurling and camogie the ball (" sliotar ") must pass completely beyond

4980-411: The goal line. The ball may be played by any legal method except by the hand of the attacker. A ball in flight may be deflected into the goal off the hand of an attacker. Hurling and Gaelic football use the same goal structure. It is a 6.4 meter wide frame with a net attached. The goal posts are at least 6 meters high, and the crossbar is 2.44 meters above the ground. A goal is scored when

5063-446: The goal posts. The goal structure consists of two posts at least 6 metres in height and spaced 6.4 metres apart. There is no crossbar and no net. The primary object of basketball is to score by shooting (i.e., throwing) the ball into a goal officially called the basket. A basket is scored when the ball passes completely through the basket ring from above; however, the number of points scored with each basket depends on where on

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5146-408: The goal structure consists of a horizontal crossbar suspended ten feet (3.05 m) above the ground and vertical goal posts ("uprights") placed 18 feet 6 inches (5.64 m) apart and extending at least 35 feet (10.67 m) above the crossbar. In lower levels of play the goal posts may be placed further apart and/or not extend as far above the crossbar; for example, in high school football

5229-413: The goal, though a goal may be awarded if the puck is inadvertently deflected off an offensive player's skate or body into the goal. The goal structure is a frame 4 feet (1.2 m) tall and 6 feet (1.8 m) wide with a net attached. In most higher levels of play the goal structure is attached to the ice surface by flexible pegs and will break away for safety when hit by a player. The goal is placed within

5312-420: The introduction of beach soccer was an attempt to codify rules for the game in 1992 by the founders of Beach Soccer Worldwide , a company set up to develop the sport and responsible for the majority of its tournaments. The first international matches were played in 1993 for men and 2009 for women. As of July 2023, there are 193 men's and 64 women's clubs and 101 men's and 23 women's national teams sorted in

5395-505: The largest of the three. This was struck from player to player, who wore a kind of gauntlet on the arm. There was a game known as trigon , played by three players standing in the form of a triangle, and played with the follis, and also one known as harpastum , which seems to imply a "scrimmage" among several players for the ball. These games are known to us through the Romans, though the names are Greek. The various modern games played with

5478-484: The laws of the game were envisioned and a pilot event was staged by the founding partners of BSWW in Los Angeles and the sport was adopted by Beach Soccer Los Angeles in 2017 where the game is played all around Los Angeles County . By 1993, the first professional beach soccer competition was organized at Miami Beach with teams from the United States , Brazil , Argentina and Italy taking part. In April 1994

5561-567: The most familiar spherical objects to humans, the word "ball" may refer to or describe spherical or near-spherical objects. "Ball" is used metaphorically sometimes to denote something spherical or spheroid, e.g., armadillos and human beings curl up into a ball, making a fist into a ball. The first known use of the word ball in English in the sense of a globular body that is played with was in 1205 in Layamon's Brut, or Chronicle of Britain in

5644-504: The only way of scoring is to make a goal and the goal is also used to refer to the scoring structure. If neither of the teams has scored during a match, or if both teams have made the same number of goals, there is a draw unless it is a playoff game, which is then determed by overtime and eventually also a penalty shootout. If not otherwise decided in the Bandy Playing Rules set up by the Federation of International Bandy , an approved goal

5727-402: The penalty mark. Beach soccer has two on-field referees who co-operatively referee the game. They are assisted by a third referee who acts in a manner similar to football's fourth official and a timekeeper. As in football, yellow and red cards can be issued. Unlike in association football, the team can then bring on a substitute to replace the dismissed player after two minutes. Similar to

5810-475: The phrase, " Summe heo driuen balles wide ȝeond Þa feldes. " ("Some of them drove balls far across the fields.") The word came from the Middle English bal (inflected as ball-e, -es , in turn from Old Norse böllr (pronounced [bɔlːr] ; compare Old Swedish baller , and Swedish boll ) from Proto-Germanic ballu-z (whence probably Middle High German bal, ball-es , Middle Dutch bal ),

5893-424: The playing surface between the goal posts demarcates the goal area. In some games, such as association football or hockey , the object is to pass the ball between the posts below the crossbar, while in others, such as those based on rugby , the ball must pass over the crossbar instead. In Gaelic football and hurling , in which the goalposts are similar to those used in rugby, the ball can be kicked either under

5976-411: The playing surface, and players may play the puck behind the goal. Lacrosse goals are scored when the ball travels completely past the goal line. Goals can be disallowed if there is an infraction by the offensive team. The goal in lacrosse is 6 feet (1.8 m) tall and 6 feet (1.8 m) wide and a net is used to prevent the ball from reentering the field of play. Lacrosse goals are not positioned on

6059-416: The posts are 23 feet 4 inches (7.11 m) apart. NFL and CFL rules mandate that a ribbon be attached to the top of each goal post. Goals are centered on the field, but on different lines: in American football, they lie on the "end line" (far end of the end zone) and in Canadian football, on the "goal line" (beginning of the end zone). A retractable net may be placed behind the goal posts, well beyond

6142-418: The resources of a club. In shinty , a goal is scored if the ball goes over the goal line and under the crossbar. A goal can only be scored with a stick called a "caman"; no goal is scored if the ball is kicked, carried, or propelled by an attacking player's hand or arm. In Treibball , a point is scored when a dog knocks a ball (referred to as a rolling sheep) into the goal. Rolling sheep must be knocked into

6225-427: The score is expressed by listing the quantity of each team's "goals" and "behinds" followed by the total number of points. The structure of a goal varies from sport to sport. Most often, it is a rectangular structure that is placed at each end of the playing field. Each structure usually consists of two vertical posts, called goal posts (side bar or uprights) supporting a horizontal crossbar . A goal line marked on

6308-405: The score is a behind (1 point). The ball may be punted , drop kicked , or kicked off the ground (soccered). The ball may cross the goal line at any height from ground level up and may bounce before crossing the line. A goal scores six points. The behind, which scores one point; is awarded if the ball passes between the point posts or is not awarded a goal by the above provisions when passing through

6391-414: The scoring of a goal is common. It is normally performed by the goalscorer, and may involve his or her teammates, the manager or coaching staff and/or the supporters of the team. Whilst referring to the celebration of a goal in general, the term can also be applied to specific actions, such as a player removing his shirt or performing a somersault. The expression " moving the goalposts ", which means to make

6474-400: The shooting team if the defensive team commits goaltending or basket interference while the ball is in flight towards the basket or is directly over it. A basketball team can also score by free throws , which score one point each. Free throws are awarded to a team after the opponent commits a foul in certain scenarios. The player taking the free throws (usually the player who was fouled)

6557-414: The total number of points. The side with the higher number of total points is the winner. In Australian rules football a goal is scored when the ball is kicked by an attacking player completely between the two tall goal posts. To be awarded a goal, the ball may not contact or pass over the goal post, or touch any player on any part of the body other than the foot or lower leg of an attacker. In such cases,

6640-698: The word σφαίρα ( sfaíra ), sphere . Some form of game with a ball is found portrayed on Egyptian monuments. In Homer , Nausicaa was playing at ball with her maidens when Odysseus first saw her in the land of the Phaeacians (Od. vi. 100). And Halios and Laodamas performed before Alcinous and Odysseus with ball play, accompanied with dancing (Od. viii. 370). The most ancient balls in Eurasia have been discovered in Karasahr , China and are 3000 years old. They were made of hair-filled leather. Among

6723-425: The Ὀνομαστικόν of Julius Pollux , imply little or nothing of such; thus, ἀπόρραξις ( aporraxis ) only means the putting of the ball on the ground with the open hand, οὐρανία ( ourania ), the flinging of the ball in the air to be caught by two or more players; φαινίνδα ( phaininda ) would seem to be a game of catch played by two or more, where feinting is used as a test of quickness and skill. Pollux (i. x. 104) mentions

6806-425: Was held in 2021. As of 2022, FIFA and the other five continental confederations do not host women's beach soccer tournaments. The Asian Beach Games , European Games and South American Beach Games also do not have women's beach soccer tournaments. The rules of beach soccer are based on the Laws of the Game of association football , with some modifications. A beach soccer field is a level sandy area smaller than

6889-551: Was unknown outside the Americas until after the voyages of Columbus . The Spanish were the first Europeans to see the bouncing rubber balls (although solid and not inflated) which were employed most notably in the Mesoamerican ballgame . Balls used in various sports in other parts of the world prior to Columbus were made from other materials such as animal bladders or skins, stuffed with various materials. As balls are one of

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