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Urseren

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46°38′N 8°32′E  /  46.633°N 8.533°E  / 46.633; 8.533

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29-787: The Urseren (also Ursern ) is the valley of the upper Reuss in Uri , Switzerland , running southwest to northeast, from Realp to Hospental and Andermatt . Separated from the main valley of Uri, it connects to the Valais via the Furkapass , to the Grisons via the Oberalppass and to the Ticino via the Gotthard Pass . The valley was in possession of Disentis Abbey from 800. It

58-421: A dozen crossings of the lower Reuss, including a number of railway and motorway bridges. Projects for canalisation in 1648 ( Hans Conrad Gyger ) and 1809 ( Johann Gottfried Tulla ) were not realised. In 1840, Aargau constructed some canalisation, with limited impact. A large-scale project of river engineering was completed during 1971–1985 ( Reusstalsanierung ). The hydroelectric plant at Bremgarten-Zufikon

87-649: Is a river in Switzerland . With a length of 164 kilometres (102 mi) and a drainage basin of 3,426 square kilometres (1,323 sq mi), it is the fourth largest river in Switzerland (after the Rhine , Aare and Rhône ). The upper Reuss forms the main valley of the canton of Uri . The course of the lower Reuss runs from Lake Lucerne to the confluence with the Aare at Brugg and Windisch . The Reuss

116-549: Is one of the four major rivers taking their source in the Gotthard region, along with the Rhine , Ticino and Rhône . The Gotthardreuss rises in the Gotthard massif, emerging from Lago di Lucendro (reservoir built in 1947; elevation 2,131 m) in the canton of Ticino and passing into the canton of Uri below the Brigghubel (1,898 m). The Furkareuss rises east of Furka Pass (2,429 m), early joined by

145-465: The Blaubergbach (sourced by two mountain lakes on 2,649 m) and several other creeks sourced by still existing glaciers, such as Sidelengletscher (3,170 m), Tiefengletscher (3,285 m) in the north, and Muttengletscher (2,908 m) and Witenwassergletscher (2,805 m) in the south, and eventually forms the east–west valley called Urseren , passing Realp at halfway through

174-466: The Kleine Emme from Entlebuch at Emmen (432 m). From here, it flows north-east through Buchrain , Root , Gisikon and Honau , and downstream of Honau (402 m) leaves the canton of Lucerne , now forming the border between Aargau and Zug , passing Dietwil (Aargau), Risch-Rotkreuz (Zug), Oberrüti (Aargau) and Sins (Aargau), Hünenberg (Zug) and Mühlau (Aargau). It receives

203-663: The Lorze from Lake Zug downstream of Maschwanden . Downstream of this confluence, the Reuss forms the border between Aargau and Zürich , passing Merenschwand (Aargau, 389 m) and Ottenbach (Zurich, 384 m), and enters Aargau downstream of Ottenbach. Within Aargau, the Reuss flows past Aristau , Jonen , Rottenschwil , Unterlunkhofen , Hermetschwil-Staffeln , here forming Flachsee (380 m), and onward to Zufikon , Bremgarten (370 m). The Reussbrücke at Bremgarten

232-410: The Valais via the Furkapass , to the Grisons via the Oberalppass and to the Ticino via the Gotthard Pass . The valley was in possession of Disentis Abbey from 800. It was colonized by Walser settlers prior to the 12th century. The Blutgericht lay with the counts of Rapperswil from 1232, in 1283 passing to the house of Habsburg , and in 1317 to local nobility of Uri. In 1332, there

261-528: The drainage basin is the summit of Dammastock , at elevation 3,630 m. The basin of the lower Reuss adds the catchment areas of other tributaries of Lake Lucerne as well as that of the Kleine Emme , including most of Nidwalden and Obwalden , and parts of Schwyz , Lucerne and Zug . Downstream of Lucerne, further tributaries add other parts of Zug as well as parts of Zürich and Aargau . Reuss and its tributaries , with length and catchment area, from mouth to source (incomplete): Ptolemy records

290-569: The 18th century. River crossings by ferry in the medieval period were at Lunkhofen (mentioned 1160), Windisch, Sins, Mühlau, Oberrüti, and Dietwil. The crossing at Lunkhofen was on the main route from Zürich to Berne. Bridges across the Reuss were in Lucerne, Bremgarten (1230), Mellingen (mentioned 1253) and Gisikon (1432). In 1528, the Catholic cantons blocked the trade routes across the Reuss for Protestant cantons and trade between Zürich and Berne

319-582: The Urseren became part of the canton of Waldstätten of the Helvetic Republic , and in 1803 became part of the canton of Uri . In 1946, there were riots over a disputed dam project which intended to flood the entire valley. The project was never realized; instead, Göscheneralpsee reservoir was built in the upper Göschenen Valley in 1960. The project was proposed in 1941, after a first project of 1920 had to be abandoned. In 1946, engineer Karl Fetz

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348-560: The confluence the river continues as the Aare, which flows into the Rhine at Koblenz . The catchment area of 3,426 km (1,323 sq mi) approximately covers Central Switzerland . The catchment area of the upper Reuss includes almost the entire canton of Uri (with the exception of the Urner Boden , and in the uppermost part of the Gotthardreuss a portion of Ticino ( Airolo municipality). The highest point of

377-483: The creation of this canton in 1803. The Reuss had the status of "imperial road" ( freie Reichsstrasse ) in the late medieval period. Until 1798, it was the responsibility of cantonal authorities (the Reussherren of Lucerne and Zug) to keep the river navigable. The river was important as waterway for traffic between Lucerne and Zurzach , and via Aare and Rhine to Basel , until the construction of transit roads in

406-607: The former glacial lakes. The Reuss valley was under Habsburg Austrian rule during the 14th century. In the 15th century, the Reuss became the border between territories of the Swiss Confederacy , in 1429 between Lucerne and Zürich, and later between Zug, Zürich and the Freie Ämter condominium, between Freie Ämter and Baden , and between Baden and Berne. The Reuss downstream of Ottenbach came to lie within Aargau with

435-407: The last remaining ties to Disentis. In 1798, the Urseren became part of the canton of Waldstätten of the Helvetic Republic , and in 1803 became part of the canton of Uri . In 1946, there were riots over a disputed dam project which intended to flood the entire valley. The project was never realized; instead, Göscheneralpsee reservoir was built in the upper Göschenen Valley in 1960. The project

464-727: The north, and passes through the 3 km-long narrow and deep Schöllenen Gorge and under the legendary Devil's Bridge (1,120 m). At Göschenen (1,057 m) it is joined by the Göschenerreuss , sourced by the glaciers Dammagletscher (3,430 m) and Flachensteinfirn (3,150 m) besides several others. From here it forms the main valley of the canton of Uri, the Urner Reusstal , passing below Wassen (840 m), Gurtnellen (720 m), Amsteg and Silenen (500 m), and through Erstfeld (460 m), past Attinghausen and Altdorf (440 m), joining

493-471: The pre-Germanic name Silana , it is possible that only part of the river was known as *Rūsi in antiquity; alternatively, *Rūsi has been interpreted as a purely Germanic name introduced with Germanic settlement in the early medieval period, a derivation from OHG rūsa, riusa " fish trap ". Until the 13th century, the Schöllenen Gorge was impassable, separating Urseren from Uri. Urseren

522-464: The river's pre-Germanic name as Silana (whence the name of Silenen ). The Germanic name is attested as Rusa , Rusia from the 9th century (sometimes recorded as Ursa in the Early Modern period, c.f. Urseren ), from an early Germanic *Rūsi , oblique *Rūsjō- . Greule (1982) interprets the name as an Old European hydronym , directly cognate with Riß . Because of Ptolemy's record of

551-583: The southernmost part of Lake Lucerne (the Urnersee ) between Flüelen and Seedorf (434 m). The Reuss leaves Lake Lucerne some 30 km to the north-west, at the city of Lucerne . Notable bridges in Lucerne are the Kapellbrücke , first built 1333, rebuilt 1993 and Spreuerbrücke , built 1408. A needle dam just upstream from the Spreuerbrücke ) maintains the water level. It receives

580-614: The strategic value of the Reuss valley, as reflected in the grant of imperial immediacy to Uri and the wider political backdrop of the foundation of the Old Swiss Confederacy . The Reuss was canalised between Attinghausen and Altdorf in 1850–1863, and to the river mouth in 1900–1912, significantly increasing the arable land in the Reuss plain. A small river delta was reconstructed in 1985. After flooding in 1987, improved flood control measures were constructed during 1995–1999. A small hydroelectric plant

609-484: The valley at 1,540 m in eastern direction until its eastern end at Andermatt . This source is only around 5 km away from, and on the same mountain massif as the source of the Rhône, but will ultimately lead to the opposite side of the continent. Gotthardreuss and Furkareuss join at Hospental (1,446 m). Downstream of Andermatt the Reuss joins at 1,429 m the village creek Unteralpreuss , finally turns to

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638-493: Was a skirmish between settlers and troops of the abbey's at Oberalp , resulting in a defeat of Disentis. Urseren became reichsfrei in 1382 and joined the Old Swiss Confederacy in 1410, and associated itself with Uri for purposes of defence and external representation, however retaining privileges as an independent territory. In 1649, Urseren bought itself out of the last remaining ties to Disentis. In 1798,

667-451: Was accessible via Furka and Oberalp , and was under the influence of the bishopric of Chur . The main settlement area of Uri was the plain of the Reuss estuary Altdorf ( Reussebene ). Settlements tended to form on either side of the river, while the river itself was often taken as communal or parish boundary. The Schöllenen Gorge was made passable the 1230s, opening access to the Gotthard Pass . This resulted in an immense increase of

696-402: Was built in 1893 and enlarged in 1975 ( Flachsee reservoir). Urseren 46°38′N 8°32′E  /  46.633°N 8.533°E  / 46.633; 8.533 The Urseren (also Ursern ) is the valley of the upper Reuss in Uri , Switzerland , running southwest to northeast, from Realp to Hospental and Andermatt . Separated from the main valley of Uri, it connects to

725-596: Was built in Schöllenen Gorge for the construction of the Gotthard Tunnel in 1875. Larger hydroelectric plants were built at Amsteg (1922), Wassen (1949) and Göschenen (1962). The lower Reuss flows along a series of former glacial lakes. Settlements along the river were built on lateral moraines , while the river bed itself was marshy and subject to flooding, and thus unsuitable for settlement. The oldest river crossings are along terminal moraines between

754-601: Was colonized by Walser settlers prior to the 12th century. The Blutgericht lay with the counts of Rapperswil from 1232, in 1283 passing to the house of Habsburg , and in 1317 to local nobility of Uri. In 1332, there was a skirmish between settlers and troops of the abbey's at Oberalp , resulting in a defeat of Disentis. Urseren became reichsfrei in 1382 and joined the Old Swiss Confederacy in 1410, and associated itself with Uri for purposes of defence and external representation, however retaining privileges as an independent territory. In 1649, Urseren bought itself out of

783-496: Was first built c. 1270, first mentioned 1281 (wooden bridge rebuilt 1953–1957). From Bremgarten, the Reuss meanders between the villages of Eggenwil , Fischbach-Göslikon , Künten , Niederwil , to Stetten (352 m), flowing past Tägerig , Mellingen (350 m), Birrhard (340 m), Mülligen , Birmenstorf and between Windisch and Gebenstorf , finally joining the Aare just downstream of Brugg , at 327 m. After

812-641: Was proposed in 1941, after a first project of 1920 had to be abandoned. In 1946, engineer Karl Fetz was "chased out of town" and the architect's office was vandalized. It is known as the Krawall von Andermatt on 19 February 1946. The project was abandoned in the early 1950s in favour of the Göschenen dam. This Canton of Uri location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Reuss (river) The Reuss ( German pronunciation: [ʁɔɪ̯s] ; Swiss German : Rüüss )

841-430: Was re-routed through Windisch. Because ferries and bridges were a source of income, the construction of new crossings was opposed during the early modern period, and only one new bridge was built, commissioned by Zug, at Sins (1640). New bridges were built only after the collapse of the Old Swiss Confederacy, e.g. at Windisch (1799), Ottenbach (1864) and Mühlau (1940). By the end of the 20th century, there were more than

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