This is an accepted version of this page
28-642: The Utkal Plain is part of the East Coastal Plain of India. It is a coastal plain in the Odisha state of eastern India . It includes the delta of the Mahanadi River , Brahmani River , Baitarani River . The most prominent physiographic feature of this plain is the Chilka Lake . It is the biggest lake in the country and its area varies between 780 km in winter to 1,144 km in
56-537: A few union territories with legislative assembly. As Per Article 240 (1) , supreme power is accorded to the president in regulating the affairs of all the union territories except Chandigarh, NCT and Puducherry, including powers to override the laws made by Parliament and the constitution of India. Article 240 (2) allows implementing tax haven laws in these union territories to attract foreign capital and investments into India instead of depending on foreign tax haven countries. The difference between states as listed in
84-762: A rough western boundary of the plains. The plains stretch from the Mahanadi delta to Kaniyakumari at the southern tip of the Indian peninsula and traverses the states of Odisha , Andhra Pradesh , Tamil Nadu and the union territory of Puducherry . It is wider and leveled than the Western Coastal Plains and both the coastal plains meet at Kaniyakumari. The average width of the plains vary between 35–200 km (22–124 mi) with an average width of 120 km (75 mi). The plains are broadly divided into three subdivisions– Utkal Plains in
112-500: A semi-federal nation, as the central and state governments each have their domains and territories of legislation. Union territories of India have special rights and status due to their constitutional formation and development. The status of "union territory" may be assigned to an Indian sub-jurisdiction for reasons such as safeguarding the rights of indigenous cultures, averting political turmoil related to matters of governance, and so on. These union territories could be changed to states in
140-489: A single category of "Union territory". Due to various other reorganisations, only 6 union territories remained: By the early 1970s, Manipur, Tripura, and Himachal Pradesh had become full-fledged states, and Chandigarh became a union territory. Another three ( Dadra and Nagar Haveli , Daman and Diu and Puducherry ) were formed from acquired territories that formerly belonged to non-British colonial powers ( Portuguese India and French India , respectively). In August 2019,
168-533: A single union territory to be known as Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu . The Parliament of India can pass a law to amend the constitution and provide a Legislature with elected Members and a Chief Minister for a union territory, as it has done for Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir and Puducherry. Generally, the President of India appoints an administrator or lieutenant governor for each UT. Delhi, Puducherry, Jammu and Kashmir operate differently from
196-711: Is a stretch of landmass lying between the eastern part of the Deccan plateau and the Bay of Bengal in India. The plains stretch from the Mahanadi delta to Kaniyakumari at the southern tip of the Indian peninsula with the Eastern Ghats forming its rough western boundary. It is wider and leveled than the Western Coastal Plains and traverses the states of Odisha , Andhra Pradesh , and Tamil Nadu . The plains are broadly divided into three subdivisions– Utkal Plains in
224-763: The Union Government of India . There are currently eight union territories in India: Andaman and Nicobar Islands , Chandigarh , Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu , Delhi (NCT) , Jammu and Kashmir , Ladakh , Lakshadweep and Puducherry . When the Constitution of India was adopted in 1949, the Indian federal structure included: After the States Reorganisation Act, 1956 , Part C and Part D states were combined into
252-490: The paleogene and neogene eras. The sands in the beaches consists of small granites and zircon . The vegetation consists of littoral forests on the coasts and tropical moist deciduous forests inland. Chilika Lake , the largest lake in the region is a brackish lagoon . The Andhra Plains (Circars) extend from the south of the Utkal Plain to Pulicat Lake , north of Chennai . The coastal plains are widest in
280-546: The Bay of Bengal. Chilka, the largest lake in the region (in the southwest), is salty; Samang and Sur (north and northeast of Puri, respectively) are freshwater lakes. Littoral forests are found along the coast of the Cuttack and Balasore areas, and tropical moist deciduous forests are found inland throughout the regions near Puri and Cuttack. The Mahanadi, Brahmani, Baitarani, and Subarnarekha rivers are often subject to heavy flooding;
308-520: The Eastern Ghats at an elevation of about 250 feet (76 metres). The plains have a nearly straight shoreline. Paleogene and Neogene alluvium (from about 65 to 2.6 million years ago) with patches of ancient Archean gneiss and sandstone (from about 4 billion to 2.5 billion years ago), the plains are widest in the deltaic regions. Sand dunes of decomposed granites and zircon, created mainly by the action of wind at low tide, and lagoons are found along
SECTION 10
#1732776736249336-466: The First Schedule of the constitution and union territories with legislative assembly is that states were given autonomous powers as provided in the constitution without any possible interference by the parliament whereas UTs with legislative assembly ( Part VIII ) has similar powers but parliament is empowered to modify or repeal or suspend the laws made by a union territory (ultimate authority by
364-535: The Kaveri delta region as one of the major centers of agriculture. The coast itself has sparse vegetation with marshlands dotted with coconut and palm trees. Union territory A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India . Unlike the states of India , which have their own governments, union territories are federal territories governed, in part or in whole, by
392-543: The Parliament of India passed Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019 . The act contains provisions to reconstitute the state of Jammu and Kashmir into two union territories, one to be eponymously called Jammu and Kashmir , and the other Ladakh on 31 October 2019. In November 2019, the Government of India introduced legislation to merge the union territories of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu into
420-565: The Union (i.e. union of states only) rests with President of India . The President of India is also the chief administrator of union territories as per Article 239 . The union public service commission's role does not apply to all territories of India as it refers to India only in Part XIV . The constitutional status of a union territory is similar to a state under the perennial president's rule per Article 356 subject to specific exemptions to
448-492: The combined outflow of these rivers has formed the Mahanadi delta in the northern part of the plains. The region has fertile red and black soils. 20°38′44″N 86°27′39″E / 20.645634°N 86.460711°E / 20.645634; 86.460711 This article related to a location in Odisha is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Eastern Coastal Plains The Eastern Coastal Plains
476-402: The future for more efficient administrative control. The Constitution does not stipulate how tax revenue is to be devolved to the union territories, unlike for the states. The fund's devolution to union territories by the union government has no criteria where all the revenue goes to the union government. Some union territories are provided more funds, while others are given less, arbitrarily by
504-543: The island of Sriharikota . The region is very fertile due to the aluvium deposited by the rivers and supports agriculture . The Tamil Nadu Plains (Coromandel) stretches for 675 km (419 mi) from the south of Pulicat Lake to Kanniyakumari at the southern end of the Indian peninsula . The average width is about 100 km (62 mi) with the plains widest at the Kaveri delta at 130 km (81 mi). The fertile soil and irrigation facilities have made
532-578: The monsoon months. Utkal Plains, coastal plains in eastern Orissa state, eastern India. Extending over about 16,000 square miles (41,000 square kilometres), the plains are bounded by the Lower Ganges (Ganga) Plain to the north, the Bay of Bengal to the east, the Andhra Plains to the south, and the Eastern Ghats to the west. The Utkal Plains are coastal lowlands consisting chiefly of Mahanadi delta deposits and marine sediments, and they merge with
560-593: The north, Andhra plains (Circars) in the center, and Tamil Nadu plains (Coromandel) in the south. The Utkal Plains form a major part of Odisha and stretch from the southern end of the Indo-Gangetic plains to the Andhra plains in the south. The region is drained by rivers such as Mahanadi , Brahmani , Baitarani , and Subarnarekha . The region consists of fertile red and black soil interspersed with gneiss and sandstone rock formations formed during
588-426: The north, Andhra plains in the center, and Tamil Nadu plains in the south. The plains are fertile as it forms part of the deltas of major peninsular rivers such as Godavari , Krishna , Mahanadi, and Kaveri . The Eastern Coastal Plains is a stretch of coastal land lying between the eastern edge of the Deccan plateau and the Bay of Bengal in the west. The disjointed mountain range of Eastern Ghats forms
SECTION 20
#1732776736249616-512: The other five. They were given partial statehood and Delhi was redefined as the [National Capital Territory] (NCT) and incorporated into a larger area known as the National Capital Region (NCR). Delhi, Puducherry, Jammu and Kashmir have an elected legislative assembly and an executive council of ministers with a partially state-like function. Due to the existence of union territories, many critics have resolved India into
644-544: The parliament unlike the independent nature of the states). Three of the union territories have representation in the upper house of the Indian Parliament, the Rajya Sabha : Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir, and Puducherry. Puducherry, Jammu and Kashmir and NCT of Delhi are the only 3 Union Territories that are exceptional among union territories in that each has its own locally elected legislative assembly and have
672-480: The region with a significant portion formed by the deltas of the largest peninsular rivers Godavari and Krishna . The two river deltas form a contiguous single physiographic unit and cut across a 160 km (99 mi) wide gorge in the Eastern Ghats . The deltas have advanced towards the Bay of Bengal , which has pushed the Kolleru Lake inwards. The Pulicat Lake is interrupted by a sand spit which forms
700-464: The rest of the country which would eliminate the previous lower taxation in the union territories. Article 1 (1) of the Indian constitution says that India shall be a "Union of States", which is elaborated under Parts V (The Union) and VI (The States) of the constitution. Article 1 (3) says the territory of India comprises the territories of the states, the union territories and other territories that may be acquired. The concept of union territories
728-404: The union government. As union territories are directly ruled by the union government , some union territories get more funds from the union government than entitled on per capita and backwardness basis when compared to states. After the introduction of GST , UT-GST is applicable in union territories that do not have a legislative assembly. UT-GST is levied at par with the applicable state GST in
756-487: The whole country including union territories. Where it refers to only India, it applies to all states only but not to union territories. Thus, citizenship (part II), fundamental rights (part III) , Directive Principles of State Policy (part IV), Judiciary role, the Union Territories (part VIII), Article 245 , etc. apply to union territories as it refers specifically to Territories of India. The executive power of
784-415: Was not in the original version of the constitution, but was added by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956 . Article 366(30) also defines Union territory as any union territory specified in the First Schedule and includes any other territory comprised within the territory of India but not specified in that Schedule. In the constitution wherever it refers to Territories of India, it is applicable to
#248751