42-752: The Vatrak is a tributary of the Sabarmati River which flows for 243 kilometers in Gujarat , India . It originates in the hills of Dungarpur , Rajasthan and enters in Gujarat near village Moydi of Meghraj taluka . Vatrak run parallel to the Mahi River , for about 29 km in Rajasthan, before entering the Sabarkantha district near village Moyedi. It runs in the southwest direction of
84-553: A crocodile or enthroned surrounded by crocodiles. In one of the iconography in Maha Virat-rupa, she holds a jar of amrita , rosary, lotus and varada mudra. She may be depicted in other ways holding only a kalasha (or 2 replacing lotus) and lotus, while other 2 hands in varada and abhaya mudra . Another depiction popular especially in Bengal shows her holding shankha , chakra ( discus ), lotus and abhaya mudra, with
126-518: A hole in its covering with the nail of his big toe. Through the hole, the pure water of the causal ocean entered this universe as the Ganges river. Having washed the lotus feet of the lord, which are covered with reddish saffron, the water of the Ganga acquired a very beautiful pink colour. Because the Ganges directly touches the lotus feet of Vishnu ( Narayana ) before descending within this universe, it
168-524: A quarrel between his three wives, whom he loved equally. When Lakshmi attempted to soothe Saraswati's anger by reasoning with her, the jealous goddess grew angry with her as well, accusing her of disloyalty towards her. She cursed Lakshmi to be born as the Tulasi plant upon the earth. Ganga, now enraged that Lakshmi had been cursed because she had defended her, cursed Saraswati that she would be incarnated as
210-399: A river on earth. Saraswati issued the same curse against Ganga, informing her that sinful men would cleanse themselves of their sins with her water. To prevent further conflict among the goddesses, Vishnu declares Lakshmi as his only wife and sends Saraswati to Brahma and Ganga to Shiva. The Mahabharata narrates that there was once a war between the devas and the asuras . The leader of
252-641: Is considered by the Mauritian Hindus equivalent to Ganga. In 1972, the then Prime Minister of Mauritius , Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam brought Holy water from the Ganga's source – Gomukh in India and mixed it with the water of the Grand Bassin and renamed it as Ganga Talao. Ganga is invoked with Hindu deities Shiva, Bhumi , Surya and Chandra in Thailand 's royal Triyampawai ceremony . She
294-890: Is joined by a left bank tributary, the Harnav River, before entering the Dharoi reservoir. After the Sabarmati passes the Dharoi dam it meets another left bank tributary, the Hathmati River . From there, the river flows past the city of Ahmedabad and is joined by a left bank tributary, the Watrak River. The Sabarmati River continues to flow and drains into the Gulf of Khambhat , in the Arabian Sea . The catchment area of
336-514: Is known as Bhagavat-Padi or Vishnupadi, which means e manating from the feet of Bhagavan (God) . It finally settles in Brahmaloka or Brahmapura , the abode of the Brahma, before descending to the planet earth at the request of Bhagiratha , and held safely by Shiva on his head, to prevent the destruction of Bhumi Devi (the earth goddess). Then, Ganga was released from Shiva's hair to meet
378-425: Is known by is Jahnavi, because she flooded the ashram of Sage Jahnu while being led by Bhagiratha. Her waters extinguished the ritual fire there, which angered the sage Jahnu, so he drank up all of Ganga's waters. Sage Jahnu later released the water out of his left ear after Bhagiratha explained his mission for Ganga's descent. Due to this incident, Ganga is known as Jahnavi, which means daughter of Sage Jahnu. In
420-541: Is ten years old. The Ganga is also called the Ganga Mata (Mother), and is revered in Hindu worship and culture, venerated for her forgiveness of sins and capacity to cleanse mankind. Unlike various other goddesses, she has no destructive or fearsome aspect, destructive though she might be as a river in nature. She is also a mother to other gods. On this day, Ganga is regarded to have been reborn. According to legend,
462-504: Is the mother of the warrior Bhishma in a union with the Kuru king Shantanu . In Hinduism, Ganga is seen as a mother to humanity. Pilgrims immerse the ashes of their kin in the river Ganga, which is considered by them to bring the souls (purified spirits) closer to moksha , the liberation from the cycle of life and death. Festivals like Ganga Dussehra and Ganga Jayanti are celebrated in her honour at several sacred places, which lie along
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#1732787226652504-531: Is worshipped by Hindus as the goddess of purification and forgiveness. Known by many names, Ganga is often depicted as a fair, beautiful woman, riding a divine crocodile-like creature called the makara . Some of the earliest mentions of Ganga are found in the Rigveda , where she is mentioned as the holiest of the rivers. Her stories mainly appear in post-Vedic texts such as the Ramayana , Mahabharata , and
546-675: Is worshipped together with goddess Phra Mae Thorani within Thai Bushhism and goddess Phosop in Tai folk religion . The four sacred pools of Suphan Buri Province have waters from the Ganga and the Yamuna rivers and are used for rituals. Ganga has been revered in Cambodia since the Khmer empire . In Shiva's iconographical form Uma-Gangapatisvarar ( Khmer : ព្រះឧមាគង្គាបតិស្វរ ), Shiva
588-505: The Mahabharata , Ganga is the wife of Shantanu as well as the mother of the eight Vasus , including Bhishma . Ganga and Shantanu were cursed by Brahma to be born on earth. Shantanu met Ganga on the banks of the Ganges and asked her to marry him. She accepted the proposal on the condition that Shantanu would not question any of her actions. Shantanu agreed and they married. They lived together peacefully and had eight sons who were
630-508: The Puranas . The Ramayana describes her to be the firstborn of Himavat , the personification of the Himalayas , and the sister of the mother goddess Parvati . However, other texts mention her origin from the preserver deity, Vishnu . Legends focus on her descent to earth, which occurred because of a royal-sage Bhagiratha , aided by the god Shiva . In the epic Mahabharata , Ganga
672-601: The Aravalli Range in the Indian state of Rajasthan . The total length of the river is 371 km (231 mi). After travelling 48 km (30 mi) in Rajasthan it flows into the Indian state of Gujarat where it is joined by a left bank tributary, Wakal, near the village Ghonpankhari. From there, the river continues southwest to Mhauri and meets a right bank tributary, the Sei River . Continuing its journey, it
714-792: The Bagmati Province . In Sri Lanka , Ganga with other Hindu deities assumes a Buddhist persona. Her sculpture is seen in Kelaniya Raja Maha Vihara . In Balinese Hinduism , she is worshipped together with the goddess Danu . Her waters are considered holy in Bali . Her maternal association with Bhishma is known in Bali. Religious sites associated with her in Bali are Tirta Gangga , Pura Taman Mumbul Sangeh , and Kongco Pura Taman Gandasari . Ganga Talao in Mauritius
756-521: The Devi Bhagavata Purana describes Ganga as originally being one of the three wives of Vishnu, together with Lakshmi and Saraswati . In the midst of a conversation, Saraswati observed Ganga playfully glancing at Vishnu. Frustrated, Saraswati launched a furious tirade against Ganga, accusing her of stealing Vishnu's love away from her. When Ganga appealed to her husband to help her, he chose to remain neutral, not wishing to participate in
798-736: The Ganges River. The Ganges River flowed from Shiva's hair onto Mount Abu and became the Sabarmati River. In another legend surrounding the origin of the river, Shiva brought the goddess Ganga to Gujarat and that caused the Sabarmati to come into being. Rajashekhara 's Kavya-mimamsa (10th century) calls the river Shvabhravati ( IAST : Śvabhravatī). The 11th century text Shringara-manjari-katha calls it "Sambhramavati" (literally, "full of fickleness"). Jain Acharya Buddhisagarsuri has written many poems about
840-527: The Hindu pantheon . Ganga is represented as a fair-complexioned woman, wearing a white crown and sitting on a crocodile. She holds a water lily in her right hand and a flute in her left. When shown with four hands she carries a water-pot, a lily, and a rosary, and has one hand in a protective mode. The Rigveda mentions Ganga but more of her is said in the Puranas . Ganga is depicted four-armed and mounted on
882-520: The Narmada river was released into the Sabarmati River through the Sardar Sarovar dam . The Sabarmati Riverfront project is one of the most ambitious projects undertaken by the government to enrich the economy. As per the research conducted by couple of academics, the main concern of the riverfront project was to reduce river pollution, increase tourism, and prevent future floods. As of 2020,
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#1732787226652924-466: The kalasha releasing her holy water. In Brahma Vaivarta Purana , Ganga is often depicted with her divine mount, the makara – an animal with the head of a crocodile and tail of a dolphin. Varying myths of Ganga's birth is found in Hindu scriptures. According to the Bhagavata Purana , Vishnu , in his incarnation as Vamana , extended his left foot to the end of the universe, and pierced
966-706: The Sabarmati River. During India's independence struggle , Mahatma Gandhi established the Sabarmati Ashram as his home on the banks of this river. In 2018, an assessment by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) named the Kheroj-Vautha stretch of the Sabarmati among the most polluted river stretches in India. Ahmedabad civic body's failure to build a sewage treatment plant in Motera resulted in further pollution of
1008-552: The Sabarmati basin is 21,674 km (8,368 sq mi) out of which 4,124 km (1,592 sq mi) lies in Rajasthan State and the remaining 18,550 km (7,160 sq mi) in Gujarat. The basin is located in a semi-arid zone with rainfall ranging from 450 to 800 mm (18 to 31 in) in different parts of the basin. The river traverses three geomorphic zones: rocky uplands, middle alluvial plains, and lower estuarine zone. The major tributaries are
1050-509: The Watrak, Wakal, Hathmati, Harnav, and Sei rivers. Average annual water availability in the Sabarmati basin is 308 m (10,900 cu ft) per capita, which is significantly lower than the national average of 1,545 m (54,600 cu ft) per capita. The Sabarmati is a seasonal river whose flows are dominated by the monsoon, with little or no flows post-monsoon. An average flow of 33 m (1,200 cu ft) per second
1092-463: The asuras, Vritra , was killed by Indra , and so his followers hid in the sea, causing the devas to be unable to find them. The devas requested Sage Agastya to help. He used his divine powers and swallowed the ocean to reveal where the asuras were hiding. The devas defeated the remaining asuras, and asked Sage Agastya to restore the water. However, the sage was unable to release the water, despite trying several times. This caused drought conditions upon
1134-654: The banks of the Ganges, including Gangotri , Haridwar , Prayagraj , Varanasi and Kali Ghat in Kolkata . Alongside Gautama Buddha , Ganga is worshipped during the Loy Krathong festival in Thailand . Ganga is mentioned in the Rigveda , the earliest and theoretically the holiest of the Hindu scriptures. Ganga is mentioned in the Nadistuti (Rigveda 10.75), which lists the rivers from east to west. In RV 6.45.31,
1176-438: The coils of his hair, so that her force would not shatter the earth. When Ganga descended, Bhagiratha led her to the sea. From there, the river reached the netherworld , and liberated the sixty thousand sons of King Sagara. Because of Bhagiratha's efforts, the river is also known as Bhagirathi . She is also known as Tripathaga because she flows in the three worlds, heaven, earth, and the netherworld. Another epithet that Ganga
1218-477: The district, joining Mazum river near the district border with Kheda . Near Untadiya village, Vatrak river meets Zanzari river and the Utkanteshwar Mahadev temple is located on the sangam ( lit. ' confluence ' ). The river joins Shedhi and Meshwo near Kheda and finally drains into Sabarmati at Vautha near Dholka . Sabarmati River The Sabarmati River is one of
1260-485: The earth, but Vishnu assured that the ocean would be filled by the flow of Ganga on the planet. The story about Ganga's descent on earth through the efforts of Bhagiratha , a descendant of King Sagara , is narrated in the Ramayana, Mahabharata, and various Puranas. Wanting to show his sovereignty, King Sagara performed a ritual known as ashvamedha , where a horse was left to wander for one year. However, Indra stole
1302-481: The eternally pure, the delightful, the body that is full of fish, affords delight to the eye and leaps over mountains in sport, the bedding that bestows water and happiness, and the friend or benefactor of all that lives. Since the Vedic period, the Ganges river has been considered the holiest of all rivers by Hindus . Ganga is also personified as a goddess and worshipped as Goddess Ganga. She holds an important place in
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1344-738: The forms of Adishakti during the duration of the festivities. Thais use the Krathong to thank the Goddess of Water, the Hindu goddess Ganga, Phra Mae Khongkha ( Thai : พระแม่คงคา ). Ganga is respected in Nepal as a guardian water goddess, worshipped together with another river goddess Yamuna . Her sculptures are found in Patan Durbar Square and Gokarneshwar Mahadev temple is a municipality in Kathmandu District in
1386-435: The goddess is regarded to have accidentally destroyed the hut of Sage Jahnu during her descent upon the earth. In retort, the sage drank the entirety of the river's water. At the request of Bhagiratha and Ganga herself, he released the river from his ear, and she earned the epithet Jahnavi. Ganga Jayanti falls on the seventh day of the month of Vaishakha 's first fortnight . Ganga is worshipped during Navaratri as all
1428-415: The horse to prevent the ritual from being successful. Learning that the horse had disappeared, King Sagara sent his sixty thousand sons to look for it. They eventually found the horse at the ashrama of Sage Kapila , in the netherworld. Thinking that Sage Kapila had stolen the horse, the sons interrupted him while he was in a deep meditation. This infuriated Kapila, and with his ascetic's gaze, he burned all
1470-400: The incarnation of the eight Vasus. They too had been cursed and had asked Ganga to end their life when they were born to her on earth. Due to their request, Ganga began drowning each son upon birth while Shantanu watched without questioning. However, when she was about to drown their eighth son, Bhishma, Shantanu stopped her. Ganga later leaves with Bhishma but gives him back to Shantanu when he
1512-486: The major west-flowing rivers in India. It originates in the Aravalli Range of the Udaipur District of Rajasthan and meets the Gulf of Khambhat of Arabian Sea after travelling 371 km (231 mi) in a south-westerly direction across Rajasthan and Gujarat . 48 km (30 mi) of the river length is in Rajasthan, while 323 km (201 mi) is in Gujarat. The Sabarmati River originates in
1554-410: The needs of the country. The Ramayana narrates a different version of the myth. Ganga is described as the eldest child of Himavat , son of Brahma and the king of the Himalayas , and his Menavati, the daughter of Meru . Her younger sister is Parvati , who latter marries Shiva. When Ganga attained youth, the devas took her to Svarga , where she took a form of a river and flowed. A legend in
1596-490: The river water. There are several reservoirs on the Sabarmati and its tributaries. The Dharoi dam is located on the main river. The Hathmati, Harnav and Guhai dams are located on the tributaries meeting the main river upstream of Ahmedabad while Meshvo reservoir, Meshvo pick-ueir, Mazam and Watrak dams are located on tributaries meeting downstream. The Kalpasar is planned project in the Gulf of Khambhat. In 2002, water from
1638-483: The second phase of the project has received in-principle approval. KPMG has listed the Sabarmati Riverfront project in its top 100 most innovative global infrastructure projects. 22°18′N 72°22′E / 22.300°N 72.367°E / 22.300; 72.367 Ganga (goddess) Ganga ( Sanskrit : गङ्गा , IAST : Gaṅgā ) is the personification of the river Ganges , who
1680-446: The sixty thousand sons to ashes. King Sagara sent his grandson, Amshuman , to ask the sage Kapila what could be done to bring deliverance to their souls. Sage Kapila advised that only the water of the Ganges, which flowed from Svarga, could liberate them. Bhagiratha, Amshuman's grandson, undertook severe ascetic practices, and won the favour of Brahma and Shiva. Brahma allowed Ganga to descend on earth, while Shiva broke Ganga's fall in
1722-535: The word Ganga is also mentioned, but it is not clear if the reference is to the river. RVRV 3.58.6 says that "your ancient home, your auspicious friendship, O Heroes, your wealth is on the banks of the Jahanvi". This verse could refer to the Ganga. In RV 1.116.18–19, the Jahanvi and the Ganges river dolphin occur in two adjacent verses. Ganga is described as the melodious, the fortunate, the cow that gives much milk,
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1764-435: Was measured at Ahmedabad during the period 1968–1979. Over the past century, the flood of August 1973 is considered to be the largest flood, when a flow of 14,150 m (500,000 cu ft) per second was measured at Dharoi. In Rajasthan , it is believed that the Sabarmati River originated due to the penance of ascetic Kashyapa on Mount Abu . His penance had pleased Shiva and in return, Shiva gave ascetic Kashyapa
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