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Valdice

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Valdice (until 1950 Kartouzy-Valdice ) is a municipality and village in Jičín District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic . It has about 1,300 inhabitants. It is known for a former monastery, which is today a high-security prison.

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26-526: Valdice was named after the nearby deer park (from German Wald , meaning "forest"). It was also called Kartouzy after the local monastery. Valdice is located about 2 kilometres (1 mi) northeast of Jičín and 41 km (25 mi) northwest of Hradec Králové . It lies in the Jičín Uplands . The village of Valdice was founded together with a Carthusian monastery by Albrecht von Wallenstein in 1627. About 20 houses were built for craftsmen working for

52-462: A document by Queen Judith of Habsburg , the wife of King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia , dated 1 August 1293. The town was built with a regular street layout around a rectangular square and was surrounded by wooden fortifications with reinforced bastions and a trench. Jičín was first the royal town, but in 1337 King John of Bohemia sold it to the Wartenberg family, who owned it until the middle of

78-474: A game park built in the northern part of the town near Valdice , and a linden alley along the path leading to the summer house. After the early death of Wallenstein in 1634, the town lost much of its importance. In 1710 the town became a property of the House of Trauttmansdorff , which meant the arrival of the period of High Baroque , during which many constructions were completed. Many statues and sculptures in

104-572: A new larger castle, which replaced the castle of the Trčka family. The biggest expansion of the town started in 1621 during the Thirty Years' War , when the town became a property of the generalissimo Albrecht von Wallenstein , who made it the centre of his Duchy of Friedland and minted his own coins there. Several architects worked for him, notably Giovanni de Galliano Pieroni , Giovanni Battista Marini, Andrea Spezza, and Nicolo Sebregondi. He had

130-608: Is a town in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic . It has about 16,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument reservation . The town's history is connected with Albrecht von Wallenstein who had rebuilt the town, and many sights bear his name. Jičín is made up of the town parts of Holínské Předměstí, Nové Město, Pražské Předměstí, Sedličky, Soudná, Staré Město and Valdické Předměstí, and

156-638: Is formed by Valdštejnské Square, where is the Valdštejnský Castle. The castle houses the Regional Museum and Gallery, a library and a primary art school, among others. There is also a castle park. Next to the castle is the Church of Saint James the Great. The church, intended as a seat of a never-established bishopric, has never been completed, so it lacks a spire and a cupola . North of the town

182-513: Is located on the railway lines Prague– Turnov and Hradec Králové–Turnov. Jičín is connected with the popular fairy tale character, Robin Hood -like robber Rumcajs . The town hosts the annual festival called "Jičín – The Town of Fairy Tale" established in 1990. The historic centre is built around a rectangular square with a regular Gothic street layout, remnants of fortifications and arcade Renaissance and Baroque houses. The historic core

208-519: Is the Baroque summer house of Albrecht von Wallenstein called Valdštejnská Loggia . The original game park around it is nowadays a park called Libosad. The loggia is connected with the town by a 1.7 kilometres (1.1 mi)-long alley of linden trees. The loggia, the park and the alley together with the town centre are parts of so-called Wallenstein's Baroque composed landscape (designed landscape axes connecting sacral buildings, landscape landmarks and

234-643: The Liberec Region , but flows mainly through the Hradec Králové and Central Bohemian regions. It is 87.3 km (54.2 mi) long. According to one theory, the name of the river is of Celtic origin and was composed of the words sīd(o) (meaning 'calm' or 'peace') and lèana (meaning 'wet meadow'). According to another theory, the name comes from the Proto-Slavic adjective cědlá , which meant 'clear', 'clean'. The Cidlina originates in

260-523: The narrow-mouthed whorl snail and several rare species of the genus Taraxacum ( bavaricum , pauckertianum and irrigatum ). The secondary spring of the Cidlina is located in Jezírko pod Táborem Nature Monument on an area of 0.3 ha (0.7 acres). It is a small peat pond with a population of the round-leaved sundew . The Cidlina is suitable for river tourism . About 76 km (47 mi) of

286-405: The 15th century. The Hussite Wars did not affect the town much. During the 15th century, Jičín changed its lords several times until 1487, when it became a property of the House of Trčka of Lípa. With the succession of Vilém Trčka in 1540, the town began to be rebuilt in stone. The fortifications were rebuilt as well, with three gates connecting the centre with peripheries: the western Pražská Gate,

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312-404: The Cidlina and in its whole basin area is the Žehuňský Pond with an area of 173 ha (430 acres). There are 126 bodies of water larger than 1 ha in the basin area. On the upper reaches of the river there is an extensive nature monument called Javorka a Cidlina – Sběř. It has an area of 272.9 ha (674 acres) and, in addition to the Cidlina bed, it also covers the bed of the lower course of

338-418: The Cidlina are: The most notable settlement on the river is the town of Jičín . The river flows through the municipal territories of Železnice , Jičín, Vitiněves , Slatiny , Žeretice , Vysoké Veselí , Smidary , Skřivany , Nový Bydžov , Mlékosrby , Chlumec nad Cidlinou , Olešnice , Žiželice , Choťovice , Žehuň , Dobšice , Sány , Opolany and Libice nad Cidlinou . The largest body of water on

364-590: The Javorka and some areas on the banks of the Cidlina. The reason for the protection is to ensure a stable population of specially protected species of plants and animals, especially the thick shelled river mussel , the dusky large blue , the Eurasian otter and the green snaketail . The area of Žehuňský Pond and its surroundings is protected as Žehuňský rybník National Nature Monument. It has an area of 301.6 ha (745 acres). Endangered species found here include

390-528: The castle and the Church of St. James rebuilt completely in the North-Italian style and connected them via a roofed footbridge. The town was to be rebuilt completely into a modern town with separated representative and craftsman parts. The parish Church of St. Ignatius together with the college was given to the Jesuits in 1627. Wallenstein also had a summer house with a court of honor, farm buildings, and

416-636: The convenient geographical and climatic conditions. The settlement in the area of today's town is first mentioned in 1143 in deed of foundation of the Strahov Monastery . The town of Jičín was founded in the 13th century on the place of the village Staré Místo near the Veliš Castle . It was moved northward to its present location shortly afterward, which was better protected by the Cidlina River. The first written mention of Jičín comes from

442-439: The heart of the Jičín Uplands . The highest point is the hill Zebín at 399 m (1,309 ft) above sea level. The Cidlina River flows through the town. Several other small watercources also flow through the municipal territory, including the streams Valdický potok, Popovický potok, Úlibický potok and Trnávka. There are five fishponds in the territory; the largest of them is Šibeňák. Ponds Kníže and Šibeňák are located right in

468-474: The monks in the monastery. In 1782, the monastery was abolished by Emperor Joseph II . The prison in the premises of the former monastery was established in 1857 by Austrian Empire . The Valdice Prison is the main employer in Valdice. It is classified as a high-security prison with a capacity of 1,023 prisoners. The prison employs more than 400 people. The railway line Hradec Králové – Turnov passes through

494-722: The municipality, but there is no train station. The municipality is served by the Jičín zastávka station in neighbouring Jičín . The prison is located in the former Carthusian monastery, which was built in the Baroque style. Its premises are inaccessible. In the monastery complex there is also the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary. A cultural monument is the Baroque statue of Saint John of Nepomuk from 1696. Ji%C4%8D%C3%ADn Jičín ( Czech pronunciation: [ˈjɪtʃiːn] ; German : Jitschin or Gitschin )

520-412: The northern Holínská Gate, and the eastern Valdická Gate (1568–1578), which is the only one preserved today. After a large fire in 1572, most of the wooden houses were replaced by stone Renaissance buildings, often decorated with sgrafitti; the parish church was rebuilt as well. In 1587, Burjan Trčka had built a small castle. In 1607, Jičín was acquired by Zikmund Smiřický. The Smiřický family had built here

546-594: The territory of Lomnice nad Popelkou in the Ještěd–Kozákov Ridge at an elevation of 563 m (1,847 ft) and flows to Libice nad Cidlinou , where it enters the Elbe River at an elevation of 186 m (610 ft). About 1.5 km south of the main spring there is the secondary spring of the Cidlina. The river is 225.9 km (140.4 mi) long. Its drainage basin has an area of 1,164.5 km (449.6 sq mi). The longest tributaries of

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572-592: The town today come from this period. In 1784 Jičín became the seat of a new region. During the first half of the 19th century the town spread quickly, especially eastward. The Battle of Gitschin was fought nearby during the Austro-Prussian War of 1866. Until 1918, the town was part of Austria-Hungary , head of the Jicin – Jičín District, one of the 94 Bezirkshauptmannschaften in Bohemia . In 2019,

598-461: The town) which was unfinished due to early death of von Wallenstein. There are several Jewish sights in the town. The most notable is the former synagogue, which was first documented in 1773. Jičín is twinned with: Cidlina The Cidlina ( Czech pronunciation: [ˈtsɪdlɪna] ) is a river in the Czech Republic , a right tributary of the Elbe River. It originates in

624-590: The urban area. Jičín is sometimes called "Gate to the Bohemian Paradise", however the territory of the Bohemian Paradise region begins beyond the borders of the Jičín municipal territory. In the northern part there are two nature monuments, Zebín (comprising the hill's peak) and Libosad-obora (comprising the whole Libosad park). The area of Jičín has been inhabited for almost 8,000 years thanks to

650-568: The village of Hubálov, originally part of Tuř , was joined to Jičín. The transfer of the entire cadastral territory is unique in the modern history of the country. Jičín lies at the crossroad of two main road: the I/16 (the section from Mladá Boleslav to Trutnov ) and the I/35 (the section from Liberec to Hradec Králové). The I/32 road splits from the I/16 and connects Jičín with the D1 motorway . Jičín

676-590: The villages of Dvorce, Hubálov, Moravčice, Popovice and Robousy. The origin of the name Jičín is unknown, but according to the most probable hypotheses, it was derived from the German name of Queen Judith of Habsburg Guta , or from Dičín , derived from the Old Czech word dík (meaning ' wild boar ', of which many lived here). Jičín is located about 41 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Hradec Králové and 70 km (43 mi) northeast of Prague . It lies in

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