36-401: Vallon is a municipality located in the district of Broye , in the canton of Fribourg , Switzerland . Vallon is first mentioned in 1200 as Valum . Vallon has an area, as of 2009, of 3.5 square kilometers (1.4 sq mi). Of this area, 3.09 km (1.19 sq mi) or 88.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.12 km (0.046 sq mi) or 3.4% is forested. Of
72-434: A Fachhochschule ). Of the 25 who completed tertiary schooling, 80.0% were Swiss men, 16.0% were Swiss women. The Canton of Fribourg school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten , followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend
108-477: A certain time in Switzerland are also allowed to participate in municipal politics. As at the cantonal and federal level, citizens enjoy political rights, including direct democratic ones, in their municipality. Municipalities are financed through direct taxes (such as income tax ), with rates varying more or less within a framework set by the canton (see Taxation in Switzerland ). As among the cantons, there
144-548: A few dozen people ( Kammersrohr , Bister ), and their territory between 0.32 km² ( Rivaz ) and 439 km² ( Scuol ). The beginnings of the modern municipality system date back to the Helvetic Republic . Under the Old Swiss Confederacy , citizenship was granted by each town and village to only residents. These citizens enjoyed access to community property and in some cases additional protection under
180-526: A higher yield than is possible using less capital-intensive techniques. These technological advances and investment allow the primary sector to employ a smaller workforce, so developed countries tend to have a smaller percentage of their workforce involved in primary activities, instead having a higher percentage involved in the secondary and tertiary sectors. The twenty largest countries by agricultural output (in PPP terms) at peak level as of 2018, according to
216-520: A neighboring municipality. There were no upper Secondary classes or vocational classes, but there were 10 upper Secondary vocational students who attended classes in another municipality. The municipality had no non-university Tertiary classes, but there was one specialized Tertiary student who attended classes in another municipality. As of 2000, there were 22 students in Vallon who came from another municipality, while 30 residents attended schools outside
252-419: A three or four year optional upper Secondary school. The upper Secondary school is divided into gymnasium (university preparatory) and vocational programs. After they finish the upper Secondary program, students may choose to attend a Tertiary school or continue their apprenticeship . During the 2010–11 school year, there were a total of 46 students attending 3 classes in Vallon. A total of 66 students from
288-449: Is a tax transfer among the municipalities to balance various levels of tax income. Switzerland has a relatively high number of small municipalities, with a population of 1,000 or less, especially in rural areas. Because of the increasing difficulty in providing professional government services and in finding volunteers for political offices in small municipalities, the cantons tend to encourage voluntary mergers of municipalities. This led to
324-513: Is used for growing crops and 8.0% is pastures, while 1.4% is used for orchards or vine crops. The municipality is located in the Broye district, in the Vully foothills. It consists of the village of Vallon and the hamlet of Carignan. The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Argent, on a Fess Gules three Ogresses. Vallon has a population (as of December 2020) of 464. As of 2008, 11.7% of
360-715: The Bürgergemeinde /bourgeoisie. During the Mediation era (1803–1814), and especially during the Restoration era (1814–1830), many of the gains toward uniform citizenship were lost. Many political municipalities were abolished and limits were placed on the exercise of political rights for everyone except the members of the Bürgergemeinde . In the Regeneration era (1830–1848), the liberal revolutions of
396-501: The Bürgergemeinde in the population was reduced as a result of increasing emigration to the cities. This led to the Bürgergemeinde losing its former importance to a large extent. However, the Bürgergemeinde has remained, and it includes all individuals who are citizens of the Bürgergemeinde , usually by having inherited the Bürgerrecht (citizenship), regardless of where they were born or where they may currently live. Instead of
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#1732772566849432-740: The SVP (19.6%), the CVP (18.3%) and the FDP (10.4%). The SPS improved their position in Vallon rising to first, from third in 2007 (with 23.8%) The SVP lost popularity (24.9% in 2007), the CVP moved from first in 2007 (with 28.9%) to third and the FDP moved from below fourth place in 2007 to fourth. A total of 88 votes were cast in this election, of which 4 or 4.5% were invalid. As of 2010, Vallon had an unemployment rate of 2.4%. As of 2008, there were 22 people employed in
468-637: The place of birth , Swiss legal documents, e.g. passports, contain the Bürgerort (place of citizenship, or place of origin ). The Bürgergemeinde also often holds and administers the common property in the village for the members of the community. Each canton determines the powers and responsibilities of its municipalities. These may include providing local government services such as education, medical and social services, public transportation, and tax collection. The degree of centralization varies from one canton to another. The federal constitution protects
504-444: The primary economic sector and about 8 businesses involved in this sector. 4 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 3 businesses in this sector. 18 people were employed in the tertiary sector , with 6 businesses in this sector. There were 135 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 43.0% of the workforce. In 2008 the total number of full-time equivalent jobs
540-481: The administration and profit from the property were totally held by the Bürgergemeinden , leaving the political municipality dependent on the Bürgergemeinde for money and use of the property. It was not until the political municipality acquired rights over property that served the public (such as schools, fire stations, etc.) and taxes, that they obtained full independence. For example, in the city of Bern, it
576-403: The autonomy of municipalities within the framework set out by cantonal law. Municipalities are generally governed by an executive council headed by a president or mayor . Legislative authority is exercised by a town meeting of all citizens, or by a municipal parliament, depending on the size of the municipality, and on cantonal and municipal law. In some cantons, foreigners who have lived for
612-508: The common people helped to restore some rights again in a few cantons. In other cantons, the Bürgergemeinden were able to maintain power as political communities. In the city of Zürich it was not until the Municipal Act of 1866 that the political municipality came back into existence. The relationship between the political municipality and the Bürgergemeinde was often dominated by the latter's ownership of community property. Often
648-498: The extraction and production of raw materials , such as farming , logging , fishing , forestry and mining . The primary sector tends to make up a larger portion of the economy in developing countries than it does in developed countries . For example, in 2018, agriculture, forestry, and fishing comprised more than 15% of GDP in sub-Saharan Africa but less than 1% of GDP in North America . In developed countries
684-460: The law. Additionally, the urban towns and the rural villages had differing rights and laws. The creation of a uniform Swiss citizenship, which applied equally for citizens of the old towns and their tenants and servants, led to conflict. The wealthier villagers and urban citizens held rights to forests, common land and other municipal property which they did not want to share with the "new citizens", who were generally poor. The compromise solution, which
720-471: The municipalities under cantonal or federal law. Municipalities are numbered by the Swiss Federal Office for Statistics (see Community Identification Number#Switzerland ). One or more postal codes (PLZ/NPA) can by assigned to a municipality or shared with other municipalities. Between 2011 and 2021 nine of the smallest municipalities merged into others as part of the effort to eliminate
756-482: The municipality and 95 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 6.3 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 5.9% used public transportation to get to work, and 68.1% used a private car. From the 2000 census, 177 or 66.3% were Roman Catholic , while 55 or 20.6% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church . Of the rest of
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#1732772566849792-419: The municipality attended any school, either in the municipality or outside of it. There were 3 kindergarten classes with a total of 46 students in the municipality. The municipality had no primary school classes, but 29 students attended primary school in a neighboring municipality. During the same year, there were no lower secondary classes in the municipality, but 17 students attended lower secondary school in
828-761: The municipality. Municipalities of Switzerland Municipalities ( German : Gemeinden , Einwohnergemeinden or politische Gemeinden ; French : communes ; Italian : comuni ; Romansh : vischnancas ) are the lowest level of administrative division in Switzerland. Each municipality is part of one of the Swiss cantons , which form the Swiss Confederation . In most cantons, municipalities are also part of districts or other sub-cantonal administrative divisions. There are 2,131 municipalities as of January 2024 . Their populations range between several hundred thousand ( Zürich ), and
864-480: The municipality. There were 128 married individuals, 16 widows or widowers and 18 individuals who are divorced. As of 2000, there were 108 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.4 persons per household. There were 29 households that consist of only one person and 9 households with five or more people. In 2000, a total of 104 apartments (92.9% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 7 apartments (6.3%) were seasonally occupied and one apartment
900-436: The number of municipalities dropping by 384 between the end of 2010 and the beginning of 2019. Some municipalities designate themselves as "city" ( ville or Stadt ) or as "village" ( Dorf ). These designations result from tradition or local preference – for example, several small municipalities designated as cities held city rights in medieval times – and normally do not impact the legal or political rights or obligations of
936-650: The population are between 0 and 9 years old and 35 teenagers or 13.1% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 37 people or 13.9% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 41 people or 15.4% are between 30 and 39, 31 people or 11.6% are between 40 and 49, and 40 people or 15.0% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 14 people or 5.2% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 17 people or 6.4% are between 70 and 79, there are 11 people or 4.1% who are between 80 and 89, and there are 2 people or 0.7% who are 90 and older. As of 2000, there were 105 people who were single and never married in
972-444: The population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of 11.3%. Migration accounted for 8.8%, while births and deaths accounted for 5.6%. Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks French (233 or 87.3%) as their first language, German is the second most common (29 or 10.9%) and Portuguese is the third (4 or 1.5%). There is 1 person who speaks Italian . As of 2008,
1008-556: The population was 50.2% male and 49.8% female. The population was made up of 143 Swiss men (45.1% of the population) and 16 (5.0%) non-Swiss men. There were 133 Swiss women (42.0%) and 25 (7.9%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality, 88 or about 33.0% were born in Vallon and lived there in 2000. There were 54 or 20.2% who were born in the same canton, while 95 or 35.6% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 20 or 7.5% were born outside of Switzerland. The age distribution, as of 2000, in Vallon is; 39 children or 14.6% of
1044-492: The population, there was 1 member of an Orthodox church , and there was 1 individual who belongs to another Christian church. 25 (or about 9.36% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist , and 8 individuals (or about 3.00% of the population) did not answer the question. In Vallon about 97 or (36.3%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education , and 25 or (9.4%) have completed additional higher education (either university or
1080-497: The primary sector has become more technologically advanced, enabling for example the mechanization of farming, as compared with lower-tech methods in poorer countries. More developed economies may invest additional capital in primary means of production: for example, in the United States corn belt , combine harvesters pick the corn, and sprayers spray large amounts of insecticides , herbicides and fungicides , producing
1116-423: The rest of the land, 0.31 km (0.12 sq mi) or 8.8% is settled (buildings or roads). Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 4.0% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.3%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 2.3% of the area Out of the forested land, all of the forested land area is covered with heavy forests. Of the agricultural land, 78.6%
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1152-445: The smallest communities. Only Bister has not merged into a new municipality although the smallest municipality is now Kammersrohr with a population of just 32. In addition to the municipalities as basic territorial political subdivisions, a number of other local subdivisions exist in several cantons. These include: Primary sector of the economy The primary sector of the economy includes any industry involved in
1188-413: Was 34. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 18, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 3, all of which were in manufacturing. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 13. In the tertiary sector; 5 or 38.5% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 8 or 61.5% were in education. In 2000, there were 15 workers who commuted into
1224-484: Was empty. As of 2009, the construction rate of new housing units was 3.2 new units per 1000 residents. The historical population is given in the following chart: The Saint-Pierre Church and Sur Dompierre, Gallo-Roman Villa are listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance . In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the SP which received 31.9% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were
1260-489: Was not until after the property division of 1852 that the political municipality had the right to levy taxes. It was not until the Federal Constitution of 1874 that all Swiss citizens were granted equal political rights on local and Federal levels. This revised constitution finally removed all the political voting and electoral body rights from the Bürgergemeinde . In the cities, the percentage of members in
1296-489: Was written into the municipal laws of the Helvetic Republic, is still valid today. Two politically separate but often geographically similar organizations were created. The first, the so-called municipality, was a political community formed by election and its voting body consists of all resident citizens. However, the community land and property remained with the former local citizens who were gathered together into
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