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41-1191: Van Riper is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Charles Van Riper (1905–1994), speech therapist Jacob J. Van Riper (1838–1912), American lawyer and politician Paul K. Van Riper (born 1938), retired Lieutenant General of the United States Marine Corps Paul P. Van Riper (1916–2014), political scientist Peter Van Riper (1942–1998), artist and musician Walter D. Van Riper (1895–1973), American judge and politician Charles King Van Riper (1891–1964), American newspaperman, writer, and playwright Places [ edit ] United States [ edit ] Lozier House and Van Riper Mill , historic structures located in Midland Park, New Jersey Van Riper House , 1708 Bergen Dutch sandstone house in Nutley, New Jersey Van Riper State Park , Michigan Van Riper-Hopper House , 1786 house in Wayne, New Jersey . Now

82-573: A bachelor's degree . Some programs provide for a joint bachelor's and master's after about five years. Some universities use the Latin degree names, such as Artium Magister (AM) or Scientiæ Magister (SM). For example, Harvard University , Dartmouth College , the University of Chicago , MIT , the University of Pennsylvania , and Brown University use the abbreviations AM and SM for some of their master's degrees. A Master of Arts may be given in

123-504: A "historical anachronism" and argued that "unearned qualifications" should be discontinued to preserve the academic integrity of the taught MA. Further, they warned that the title gave Oxbridge graduates an unfair advantage in the job market. On 21 October 2011, the bill received its second reading, but it failed to complete its passage through Parliament before the end of the session, meaning it fell. A number of different master's degrees may be earned at Oxford and Cambridge. The most common,

164-584: A "very high research" Master of Arts might have to earn credits also at the PhD level, and they may need to complete their program in about three years of full-time candidature, e.g. at Harvard in the United States and McGill in Canada. A thesis must be a distinct contribution to knowledge. It must demonstrate ability to plan and carry out research, organize results, and defend the approach and conclusions in

205-465: A dissertation based on independent research. Taught master's programs involve one or two years of full-time study. Many can be done part-time as well. Until recently, both the undergraduate and postgraduate master's degrees were awarded without grade or class (like the class of an honours degree ). Nowadays, however, master's degrees are normally classified into the categories of Fail, Pass, Pass with Merit, or Pass with Distinction. This education pattern in

246-445: A letter to a newsletter that he had lived a "very successful and happy life", a result of an idea that came to him while hitch-hiking his way home from Rhinelander , Wisconsin , where he had spent a month as the hired man on a farm, pretending to be a deaf mute because his stuttering was so severe that he could not get any other employment: he met an old stutterer who said that he was "too old and tired to fight myself now so I just let

287-694: A pioneer in the development of the science of speech pathology; he worked with thousands of stutterers, did research, and published a large number of books, articles and films on the subject. Under the pseudonym "Cully Gage", Charles also wrote The Northwoods Reader , a series of books based on life in Champion. Charles stuttered throughout his career despite trying almost every sort of stuttering therapy , ranging from rhythmic control, relaxation, slow speech, and breathing exercises, to psychoanalysis and hypnosis . He eventually managed to become very fluent even though he continued to stutter. Charles wrote in

328-442: A scientific discipline, common at Ivy League universities . Many universities offer Master of Arts programs, which are differentiated either as Thesis or Non-Thesis programs. Usually, the duration for a Non-Thesis option is one to two years of full-time study. The period for a Thesis option may last longer, depending also on the required level of courses and complexity of the thesis . Sometimes, qualified students who are admitted to

369-485: A scientific thesis after completing the bachelor's degree. This fourth year typically constitutes the first half of a master's programme. If not, it may be supplemented by a fifth year and a master's thesis to obtain a master's degree in the field of study. Except at Aberdeen, Cambridge, Dublin, Edinburgh, Glasgow, and St. Andrews (see below), the MA is typically a "taught" postgraduate degree, involving lectures, examination, and

410-483: A title of Mgr. or Ing. to be used before the name. Prior to reforms for compliance with the Bologna process, a master's degree could only be obtained after five years of uninterrupted study. Under the new system, it takes only two years but requires a previously completed three-year bachelor's program (a Bc. title). Writing a thesis (in both master's and bachelor's programs) and passing final exams are necessary to obtain

451-601: A treatment for stuttering. These attempts proved successful, and after several years in Iowa, Charles received his Ph.D. in psychology. In 1936, Charles was hired by the Western State Normal School in Kalamazoo, Michigan . He founded and headed its speech clinic, and was the first chair of its speech pathology and audiology department. During his subsequent career he became internationally known as

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492-479: A variety of four-year undergraduate integrated master's degrees such as MEng or MMath . In Canada and the United States, the Master of Arts ( Magister Artium ) and Master of Science ( Magister Scientiæ ) are the basic graduate-level degrees in most subjects and may be course-based, research-based, or, more typically, a combination of the two. Admission to a master's program is normally contingent upon holding

533-545: Is a research degree at the University of Cambridge , where the Master of Philosophy (MPhil) is the name given to the standard one-year taught degree with a unique research element, in contrast to the use of MPhil at other institutions for a research degree. Research in 2000 by the universities watchdog, the Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education , showed that two-thirds of employers were unaware that

574-479: Is awarded in the arts (visual arts, literature, foreign languages, filmmaking, theatre etc.), natural sciences, mathematics, computer science fields, and economics. The completion of a research thesis is required. All master's degrees in Poland qualify for a doctorate program. In Finland, Denmark and Norway, the master's degree is a combined taught/research degree, awarded after two years of studies after completing

615-407: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Charles Van Riper Charles Gage Van Riper (December 1, 1905 – September 25, 1994) was a renowned speech therapist who became internationally known as a pioneer in the development of speech pathology . A severe stutterer throughout his career, he is described as having had the most influence of any speech-language pathologist in

656-689: Is generally awarded for master's studies in social sciences or the humanities while an MgA. (Magister of Arts) is awarded for studies in the arts. In Germany, the Master of Arts degree was called in Latin Magister Artium . This degree, which usually required five years of studies, existed in the Holy Roman Empire and its successors, including the German Empire and the Federal Republic of Germany , but not in

697-413: Is placed before one's name, like the title Dr). At the technical universities, a student is awarded with inżynier (engineer) after three years and then with "magister" after completing another two years of study and graduating. Such persons use titles "mgr inż". In the 1990s, the MA programs usually lasting five years were replaced by separate three-year bachelor's and two-year master's programs. The degree

738-740: The Northern State Normal School , and then the University of Michigan where he won honors for creative writing and graduated with a Master of Arts in English. After graduation, he taught high school English in Saline, Michigan , developing many techniques for dealing with his stuttering while teaching. Although he was regarded as a proficient and innovative teacher, the stress of his stuttering and his fear of speaking in many situations, made him unhappy at teaching. A severe stutterer, Charles attended two institutes for stutterers,

779-472: The University of Dublin , the title of Master of Arts is conferred after a certain number of years , without further examination, to those who have graduated as Bachelor of Arts and who have the requisite years' standing as members of the university or as graduates. This happens, in England, only at the universities of Oxford , four years after completing a bachelor's degree, and Cambridge , six years after

820-411: The doctorandus degree, which gave the title "Doctorandus" before their name, abbreviated to 'drs.'; in the case of ingenieur, this would be 'ir.'), or else opt for a master's degree as postnominals behind their name, in accordance with the new standard ('MA' or 'MSc'). A master's degree can take one or two years to complete. The Polish equivalent of Master of Arts is "magister" (its abbreviation "mgr"

861-506: The "Van Riper Program", and his therapy methods have seen many applications, including uses in guides for speech therapists and in whole therapy programs. Even the verbal response patterns Charles used when conducting stuttering modification therapy have been analyzed: a study found that "Van Riper's therapy during these videotaped sessions relied less on Confrontation and Self-Disclosure verbal responses and more on instructional, informational, and educational verbal response modes". Charles

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902-410: The "core behaviors" of stuttering, to make them less physically stressful. This therapy is one of the most widely practiced stuttering treatments. Additionally, several of his books were the authoritative books on the subject for a number of years, namely The Nature of Stuttering , The Treatment of Stuttering and Speech Correction: Principles and Methods , the latter book being the first textbook in

943-657: The Bogue Institute of Stammerers in Indianapolis and the Millard School in Milwaukee, but these institutions did little good; at the time, "nobody had actually taken the trouble to learn about stuttering, so nobody knew how to cure it". He subsequently joined a graduate program in speech pathology at the University of Iowa , where he and other graduate students tried to develop "practical techniques" of

984-411: The Master of Arts and the Master of Science degrees were introduced in 2002. Until that time, a single program that led to the doctorandus degree (or the ingenieur degree in the case of technical subjects) was in effect, which comprised the same course-load as the bachelor's and master's programs put together. Those who had already started the doctorandus program could, upon completing it, opt for

1025-454: The Master of Philosophy degree (MPhil), is a two-year research degree. To prepare to graduate as a Master of Science (MSc) or a Master of Studies (MSt) takes only one year, both courses often combining some coursework with research. A Master of Letters (MLitt) is the holder of a pure research master's degree. In comparison to the LLM at Cambridge, Oxford offers two master's degrees in law depending on

1066-584: The Oxford and Cambridge MA did not represent any kind of post-graduate achievement. In February 2011, the Labour Member of Parliament Chris Leslie sponsored a private member's bill in Parliament, the master's degrees (Minimum Standards) Bill, to "prohibit universities awarding master's degrees unless certain standards of study and assessment are met". The bill's supporters described the practice as

1107-575: The United Kingdom is followed in India and many Commonwealth Nations . The Master of Laws (LLM) is the standard degree taught for law, but certain courses may lead to MA, MLitt, Master of Studies (MSt), and the Bachelor of Civil Law (BCL) at Oxford . All of these degrees are considered substitutes to one another and are thus generally equivalent. In the ancient universities of Scotland ,

1148-658: The Wayne Township Museum. [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with the surname Van Riper . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Van_Riper&oldid=1202973802 " Categories : Surnames Surnames of Dutch origin Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description

1189-520: The bachelor's degree. The student is required to write a scientific thesis. In Finland, this master's degree is called a filosofian maisteri (in Finnish) or filosofie magister (in Swedish), and it is abbreviated as FM or "fil.mag.". In Sweden, there is still an intermediate degree between the bachelor's ( kandidat ) and master's called magister which only requires one year of studies, including

1230-494: The degree of Master of Arts is awarded in universities as a four-year undergraduate degree, see Master of Arts (Scotland) . The degree of Master of Arts is the first degree awarded in arts , humanities , theology , and social sciences . However, some universities in Scotland award the degree of Master of Letters (MLitt) to students in the arts , humanities , divinity , and social sciences . At Oxford , Cambridge and

1271-475: The degree. It is mostly the case that the final exams cover the main study areas of the whole study program, i.e. a student is required to prove their knowledge in the subjects they attended during the two resp. three years of their study. Exams also include the defence of a thesis before an academic board. Ing. (Engineer) degrees are usually awarded for master's degrees achieved in the natural sciences or mathematics-heavy study programmes, whereas an Mgr. (Magister)

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1312-687: The field of stuttering. Charles Van Riper, known to his family as Cully, grew up in Champion Township, Michigan . He was the son of Champion's physician , known as "Dr. Van". Van Riper State Park is named after his father, who convinced a local iron company to donate the land to the public. Charles began to stutter at two years of age, and had a "miserable childhood" growing up in the midst of local superstition about stutterers. Even though he stuttered throughout his schooling years, he did very well academically, reading voraciously and showing great talent for writing. He subsequently attended

1353-404: The field. Textbooks he authored have been used in both undergraduate and graduate courses in stuttering. Charles approached stuttering from the viewpoint that the stutterer should scrutinize his stuttering behavior, to become aware of everything he did from anticipation of stuttering, to struggling during a block, and to the utterance of the word. A speech-language clinician using his methodology

1394-487: The first term of study. It is also the case at the University of Dublin. The abbreviated name of the university (Oxon, Cantab or Dubl) is therefore almost always appended in parentheses to the initials "MA" in the same way that it is to higher degrees, e.g. "John Smith, MA (Cantab), PhD (Lond)", principally so that it is clear (to those who are aware of the system) that these are nominal and unexamined degrees. The MLitt

1435-517: The former East Germany , where all degree courses led to a Diplom . Traditional Magister degrees are granted in social sciences and most of the humanities ( international business , European studies and economics included), with the exception of visual and performing arts such as music and theatre. The Magister Artium held either a double major degree or a combination of one major and two minors. German postgraduate Master of Arts and Master of Science degrees were introduced in 2001. Therefore,

1476-465: The jurisdictional background of the student. The degree of Bachelor of Civil Law (BCL) is for those from a common law background, whilst the more recent Magister Juris is for those from civil law jurisdictions. More recently, Oxford and Cambridge offer the degree of Master of Business Administration. Master's degrees are generally offered without classification, although the top five percent may be deemed worthy of Distinction. Both universities also offer

1517-616: The long term effectiveness of the therapy, has been called a "classic". Master of Arts The degree of Master of Arts traces its origins to the teaching license or Licentia docendi of the University of Paris , designed to produce "masters" who were graduate teachers of their subjects. Like all EU member states, the Czech Republic and Slovakia follow the Bologna Process. The Czech Republic and Slovakia both award two different types of master's degrees; both award

1558-464: The new Master of Arts and the old Magister Artium degrees have existed side by side, since 2010; Magister Artium degrees are still awarded by some universities, as of 2020. The new Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts degrees together also require five years of studies, which is the reason the new Master of Arts and the old Magister Artium degrees are considered equivalent. In the Netherlands,

1599-511: The words leak out"; Charles realised that he should have been seeking a way of stuttering that would be tolerable both to others and himself, instead of avoiding and hiding his stutter. Charles died in his home in Kalamazoo, after a long illness. Charles Van Riper developed stuttering modification therapy between 1936 and 1958. This type of therapy focussed on reducing the fears and anxieties of adult stutterers, and added methods to modify

1640-663: Was the subject of the Western Michigan University 's informal talk for emeriti and friends on November 14, 2007, which discussed his professional history and writings about his childhood. Moreover, an award has been named after him: the Charles Van Riper Award "recognizes the achievements of individuals who have known the anguish of stuttering and the success of achieving effective communication". A series of nine films that show several of his therapy sessions with an adult stutterer and discusses

1681-722: Was to explain to her client the nature of the many attitudes and behaviors of stutterers. Wendell Johnson, a member of the same graduate program in Iowa who also became renowned for his work in the field of stuttering, said that Charles Van Riper's methodology was hard work. As a clinician, Charles was known for being warm and sympathetic, but tough on adult stutterers who refused to work and cooperate with him, since they were expected to be able and willing to practice behaviors and attitudes that would minimize their stuttering. Years after his death, Van Riper's work continues to be referred to and analyzed. Methods in stuttering therapy that drew from his work have been called "Van Riperian therapy" and

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