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46-598: Varberg and all of Halland are well known for their "typical west coast" sandy beaches. In Varberg the coast changes from wide sandy beaches to rocky terrain that continues north into the Bohuslän archipelago and as far as the North Cape. Varberg is ranked as one of Sweden’s most beautiful cities. Varberg is located on the Swedish west coast and is a popular beach and surfing destination for both Sweden and Europe. It has

92-492: A CAGR of almost 9% from 2017. International kiteboarding has several promoting organizations and has undergone many changes in the governance of the sport, including long-lasting disputes between several of those entities, trying to negate each other the right to promote sporting events. The significance of the associated economic activity could explain part of such turbulence, but the intense rate of innovation and of adoption made it difficult to conceive, regulate and formalize

138-479: A wakeboard , kiting in waves using small surfboards with or without footstraps or bindings, foiling, and speed kiting. Land kiting needs a short and light mountain board , feet steered buggies, rollerskates, or sand boards for sand kiteboarding, which is also referred to as "sand kiting". It is a great cross-training for kitesurfing as many of the mechanisms for kite control transfer to water use. Skis or snowboards are used on snow for snowkiting . In 2012 ,

184-589: A 35-liter backpack . The previous longest recorded kite journey was by Eric Gramond who completed a 13-day trip of 1450 km along the coast of Brazil. Constantin Bisanz, a 41-year-old Austrian, crossed a 80 km (50 mi) stretch of the Bering Strait , embarking from Wales, Alaska, US on 12 August 2011 at 04:00, and arriving in easternmost Russia two hours later, after which he returned by boat to Alaska. It occurred after 2 previously failed attempts,

230-560: A 50.57 knots run. Similar speeds have been reached in the same location by windsurfers Anders Bringdal and Antoine Albeau, respectively 50.46 and 50.59 knots. These speeds are verified, but are still subject to ratification by the World Sailing Speed Record Council . Earlier in the event, on 19 September, American Rob Douglas reached 49.84 knots (92.30 km/h), becoming the first kitesurfer to establish an outright world record in speed sailing. Previously

276-425: A 75 kg (165 lb) rider. Cross-shore and cross-onshore winds are the best for unassisted kiteboarding. Direct onshore winds carry the risk of being thrown onto land or stuck in shallows. Direct offshore winds pose the danger of being blown away from the shore in the event of equipment failure or loss of control. However offshore winds can be quite suitable in confined waters, like in a lake or estuary, or when

322-446: A control bar and a harness. The kitesurfer rides on either a bidirectional board (a "twin-tip", similar to a wakeboard), a directional surfboard , or a foil board . They often wear a wetsuit in mild to cold waters. In the early days of the sport, there were significant injuries and some fatalities, but the safety record has improved with better equipment and instruction. In October 1977 Gijsbertus Adrianus Panhuise (Netherlands) received

368-464: A fire in 1666 to where the city centre is located today. The city was devastated by a huge fire in 1863 and was subsequently rebuilt with stone or brick houses. In 1890 the population figure had passed 4,000 and with industrialization it reached 8,500 in 1930. The local government reform of 1971 made Varberg the seat of the much larger Varberg Municipality , with a current population of close to 56,000 inhabitants. Although several houses were torn down in

414-642: A main landmark in the large Fortress and Castle of Varberg. Through centuries many wars between Denmark and Sweden were fought here before Southern Sweden, including Varberg, became permanently Swedish in 1658 through the Treaty of Roskilde . It is a small town with architecture mainly from the turn of the century and has several green parks such as the Society Park (Societetsparken) and the English Park. The green parks were however not always there. In fact in

460-517: A mainstream sport with the entry of key windsurfing manufacturers, namely Robby Naish and Neil Pryde . Single direction boards derived from windsurfing and surfing designs became the dominant form of kiteboard. In 2000, a new freestyle competition, sponsored by Red Bull was launched in Maui . The competition, named Red Bull King of the Air , judged riders on height, versatility, and style. The competition

506-408: A new Guinness World Record on January 22, 2023 (72 feet and four inches (22.04 meters)). Louis Tapper completed the longest recorded solo kite journey, completing 2000 km between Salvador and Sao Luis, Brazil . The journey was completed between July/August 2010 and took over 24 days of kitesurfing. This trip is also the longest solo journey, completed without a support crew, using one kite and

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552-455: A previous world record for the highest kite jump, measured by WOO Sports on February 19, 2017 in Cape Town , South Africa , during a session with 40-knot winds. Jacobsen's jump reached 28.6 meters high, with an airtime of 8.5 seconds. The record has been broken several times since then, and WOO Sports maintains jump-related leaderboards in different categories (airtime, height, etc.) based on

598-478: A safety boat is assisting. The kiter must maintain a clear perception of the wind direction but also of the wind speed. The Beaufort scale is of great assistance in helping users assess the situation. A range of wind up to 33 knots covers the conditions for a safe practice for an experienced rider. A less experienced one should avoid riding with more than 15 knots. Most twintip boards and inflatable kites would be barely rideable below 11 knots, therefore for most cases

644-413: A user should focus on the winds classified as moderate up to strong. Even if there is no wind blowing, a kiter can act on the kite lines and force it to move, and then, like with a row, it generates some force resulting from the incidence of the air into the kite's surface. In a gentle breeze, if the user action increases the air speed around the kite 10 times, the generated force increases 100 times, since

690-483: Is 33.6°C (92.5°F) on July 31, 2018 and the lowest is -25.5°C (-13.9°F) in January 1942. A fortress called Varberg (at that time written Wardbergh , "watch hill") was erected in the 1280s as part of a chain of military establishments along the coast, in what was then Danish territory. In the middle of the 14th century, the old settlement "Getakärr" 1 kilometre (0.6 miles) north of the fortress took its new name from

736-446: Is a sport that involves using wind power with a large power kite to pull a rider across a water, land, snow, sand, or other surface. It combines the aspects of paragliding , surfing , windsurfing , skateboarding , snowboarding , and wakeboarding . Kiteboarding is among the less expensive and more convenient sailing sports. After some concepts and designs that emerged in the late 1970s and early 1980s were successfully tested,

782-507: Is located northwest of the town of Varberg. Treaty of Roskilde Too Many Requests If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.236 via cp1112 cp1112, Varnish XID 949529050 Upstream caches: cp1112 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 08:50:11 GMT Kitesurfing Kiteboarding or kitesurfing

828-596: Is still held annually in Cape Town, South Africa . From 2001 onward, twin-tip bi-directional boards became more popular for most flat water riders, with directional boards still in use for surf conditions. In May 2012, the course racing style of kitesurfing was announced as a sport for the 2016 Rio Olympics , replacing windsurfing . However, after a vote by the General Assembly of the ISAF in November 2012,

874-585: The Atlantic Ocean , from the Canary Islands to the Turks and Caicos Islands a distance of about 5,600 km (3,500 mi), from 20 November 2013, to 17 December 2013. Each of the six spent four hours each day surfing, broken into two sessions of two hours each, one during the day, and the other during the night. Kitesurfing on water includes freestyle and big air using a kiteboard similar to

920-511: The North brand, now Duotone), then Cabrinha ( Neil Pryde ) with 25–35,000 kites a year each. They are followed by Naish , F-One, Core kiteboarding, Slingshot sports, Liquid Force , Airush, Ozone Kites , Flysurfer and others. The GKA recorded 100,000 kites sales in 2017 for its members, giving an estimated 140–150,000 total kites sales for 2017. Technavio predicted a global kiteboarding equipment market reaching US$ 2,120 million by 2021, growing at

966-465: The bow kite design, which has been licensed to many kite manufacturers. In 1997, specialized kiteboards were developed by Raphaël Salles and Laurent Ness. By the end of 1998 kitesurfing had become an extreme sport, distributed and taught through shops and schools worldwide. The first competition was held on Maui in September 1998 and was won by Flash Austin. Starting in 1999, kitesurfing became

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1012-521: The "KiteSki" system, which consisted of water skis powered by a two-line, delta style kite, controlled via a bar-mounted combined winch/brake. The KiteSki was commercially available in 1994. The kite had a rudimentary water launch capability and could go upwind. In 1995, Cory Roeseler visited Peter Lynn at New Zealand's Lake Clearwater in the Ashburton Alpine Lakes area, demonstrating the speed, balance, and upwind angle on his 'ski'. In

1058-457: The 1970s and early 1980s, Dieter Strasilla from Germany developed parachute-skiing and later perfected a kite-skiing system using self-made paragliders and a ball-socket swivel allowing the pilot to sail upwind and uphill but also to take off into the air at will. Strasilla and his Swiss friend Andrea Kuhn also used this invention in combination with surfboards and snowboards, grasskies, and self-made buggies. One of his patents describes in 1979

1104-503: The 1970s, most of the city center still remains intact. Varberg's fortress is its most notable historical building, mostly because of its size as it has no architectural uniformity. It was first built as a castle in 1280, with new parts being built in successions. Near Varberg there is the VLF transmitter Grimeton , an interesting radio-technical facility and classified by UNESCO to be a World Cultural Heritage site. It can be visited during

1150-564: The 19th century the town was largely without trees and green areas, being instead characterised by bald rocks and sand. The Swedish authoritative author and bishop Esaias Tegnér described it in 1826 as the least appealing place in Sweden, which has later been used in the marketing of Varberg. Today this has changed and its sandy beaches are a popular destination. Another main draw of Varberg is its natural surroundings. The landscape further inland has rolling hills with lakes and forests in contrast to

1196-782: The PKRA was sold to a group of investors, becoming the Virgin Kitesurfing World Championship (VKWC). The WS itself has split the governance of its own events between the GKA for the expression disciplines and the IKA for the racing disciplines. The GKA has then split the expression disciplines, choosing to run the Wave and Strapless Tour themselves, while ceding to the World Kiteboarding League to run

1242-642: The RSX windsurfer was reinstated for both Men and Women, resulting in kitesurfing being left out. The ISAF mid-year meeting of May 2013 proposed seeking an eleventh medal to include kitesurfing in 2020 without making any changes to existing events. In 2014, course-racing kiteboarding was included in the ISAF World Sailing World Cup program. In November 2014, 20 athletes attended the final competition in Abu Dhabi . The first place among women

1288-689: The data recorded and uploaded by its users. Jesse Richman holds the record for hangtime at 22 seconds, set at Crissy Field in San Francisco, California . Airton Cozzolino holds the record for strapless hangtime at 19 seconds. French kitesurfer Sébastien Cattelan became the first sailor to break the 50 knots barrier by reaching 50.26 knots on 3 October 2008 at the Lüderitz Speed Challenge in Namibia . On 4 October, Alex Caizergues (also of France) broke this record with

1334-457: The first of which was on 28 July 2011, in which an incident occurred where he found himself floating in 36 °F water with no board, kite, or GPS unit for 1 hour before being rescued. On his second attempt on 2 August he and two friends sailed half the distance before turning around due to poor wind conditions. A team of six kitesurfers, Filippo van Hellenberg Hubar, Eric Pequeno, Max Blom, Camilla Ringvold, Ike Frans, and Dennis Gijsbers crossed

1380-479: The first patent for KiteSurfing. The patent covers, specifically, a water sport using a floating board of a surfboard type where a pilot standing up on it is pulled by a wind-catching device of a parachute type tied to his harness on a trapeze-type belt. This patent did not result in any commercial interest. Through the 1980s, there were occasionally successful attempts to combine kites with canoes, ice skates , snow skis, water skis and roller skates . Throughout

1426-489: The first use of an inflatable kite design for kitesurfing. Two brothers, Bruno Legaignoux and Dominique Legaignoux, from the Atlantic coast of France , developed kites for kitesurfing in the late 1970s and early 1980s and patented an inflatable kite design in November 1987, a design that has been used by companies to develop their own products. Bill Roeseler, a Boeing aerodynamicist , and his son Cory Roeseler patented

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1472-483: The flatter coastal areas. Varberg has an oceanic climate that although moderate by Swedish standards, still retains quite large seasonal variation. Summers are in general cooler than both in Halmstad and Gothenburg , with highs being moderated by the marine airflow. Although this moderation occurs, some summer days can be very warm, and some winter nights see severe frosts. The highest recorded temperature since 1901

1518-477: The fortress. The town was moved 5 km (3 mi) northwards around the year 1400. It was destroyed during the Kalmar War (1611-1612) and rebuilt near the fortress. In 1645 Halland passed from Denmark to Sweden by the Treaty of Brömsebro for a period of 30 years. It had at that time about 600 inhabitants. The transfer was made permanent by the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658. The town was moved again after

1564-570: The freestyle events and the Kite Park League to run the park events. The freestyle events were then handed to the Kiteboarding Riders United (KRU). Several different kitesurfing styles are evolving, some of which cross over. Styles of kiteboarding include freestyle, freeride, speed, course racing, wakestyle, big air, park, and surfing. Kiteboarding can pose hazards to surfers, beachgoers, bystanders and others on

1610-707: The late 1990s, Cory's ski evolved into a single board similar to a surfboard. The development of modern-day kitesurfing by the Roeselers in the United States and the Legaignoux in France was carried on in parallel with that of buggying . In 1996, Laird Hamilton and Manu Bertin were instrumental in demonstrating and popularising kitesurfing off the coast of Maui , while, in Florida, Raphaël Baruch changed

1656-442: The name of the sport from flysurfing to kitesurfing by starting and promoting the first commercial brand of the industry: "Kitesurf". In 1997, the Legaignoux brothers developed and sold the breakthrough "Wipika" kite design that had a structure of preformed inflatable tubes and a simple bridle system to the wingtips, both of which greatly assisted water re-launch. Bruno Legaignoux continued to improve kite designs, including developing

1702-644: The new competitions, and offer opportunities for new players specializing in new variants of the sport. Some of those international organizations are (or were): Several world cup events are sanctioned by the WS on behalf of the International Olympic Committee , a private association. KPWT exchanged endorsements with IKA in 2009. Both become opposing parties as the IKA also got an agreement with PKRA. IKA threatened and banned riders who take part in competitions without its endorsement. In 2015,

1748-570: The number of kitesurfers was estimated by the ISAF and IKA at 1.5 million persons worldwide (pending review). The global market for kite gear sales was then worth US$ 250 million. The Global Kitesports Association (GKA) estimates 10% of the kitesurfers continue during winter. After substantial growth, activity was levelling by 2017 at around 85,000 kites sold yearly by GKA members, twintip boards sales decreased from 37,000 in 2013 to 28,000 in 2016 and directional boards from 8,000 to 7,000. The largest manufacturers are Boards and More (previously under

1794-512: The record holder of France and Europe with 55.49 and was the first rider to reach 55 knots. On 13 November 2017, French rider Alex Caizergues became the new world speed record holder in France ( Salin-de-Giraud ) reaching 57.97 knots or 107.36 km/h. While Nuno "Stru" Figueiredo held the record at 62-foot (19-meter) from a 2018 ride at Praia do Norte in Nazaré, Portugal, Patri McLaughlin set

1840-462: The record was held only by sailboats or windsurfers. Douglas also became the world's third over-50 knots sailor, when on 8 October he made a 50.54 knots (93.60 km/h) run. On 14 November 2009, Alex Caizergues completed another run of 50.98 knots in Namibia. October 2010, Rob Douglas became the outright record holder for the short distance 500 meters with 55.65 knots. Sébastien Cattelan became

1886-571: The sport received a wider audience in the late 1990s and became mainstream at the turn of the century. It has freestyle, wave-riding, and racing competitions. The sport held the speed sailing record , reaching 55.65 kn (103.06 km/h) before being eclipsed by the 65.45 kn (121.21 km/h) Vestas Sailrocket . Worldwide, there are 1.5 million kitesurfers, while the industry sells around 100,000 to 150,000 kites per year. Most power kites are leading-edge inflatable kites or foil kites attached by about 20 m (66 ft) of flying lines to

Varberg - Misplaced Pages Continue

1932-581: The summer. Bexell Cottage is also located in the area. Komedianten is a cultural and performing arts centre, built between 2010-2012. The following sports clubs are located in Varberg: Multiple locations in and around Varberg offer great conditions for watersports. Apelviken  [ sv ] (Apple Bay Beach), located in the south of Varberg, has many facilities and rental spots for windsurfing , standup paddleboarding , kitesurfing and other sports. Varberg Airport, ICAO code ESGV,

1978-453: The water. Many problems and dangers that may be encountered while learning kiting can be avoided or minimized by taking professional instruction through lesson centers. Kitesurfing schools provide courses and lessons to teach entry-level skills and more advanced ones, including: Kitesurfers change kite size and/or line length depending on wind strength — stronger winds call for a smaller kite to prevent overpower situations. Kitesurfers determine

2024-566: The wind strength using either an anemometer or, more typically, visual clues as shown in the Beaufort scale . Modern kites dedicated to kitesurfing provide a "depower" option to reduce the power in the kite. By using depower, the kite's angle of attack to the wind is reduced, thereby catching less wind in the kite and reducing the pull. Bow kites have a wider wind range than C-kites, so two kite sizes (such as 7 m and 12 m ) could form an effective quiver for winds ranging from 10 to 30+ knots for

2070-621: Was named an official event at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics in Buenos Aires . Mixed Kite - Formula Kite was chosen by World Sailing for inclusion in the 2024 Summer Olympics. On August 8, 2023 South African athlete Joshua Emanuel ascended 36.2 meters in the North Sea near Hanstholm, riding the CORE XR Pro 7m kite. The previous record holder for the height of a single jump was Jamie Overbeek at 35.3m. Nick Jacobsen achieved

2116-502: Was taken by Elena Kalinina , while the men's champion was Great Britain's Oliver Bridge . In 2015, Elena Kalinina won again and received the title of the world champion, ahead of Great Britain's Steph Bridge and the Russian Anastasia Akopova . The world champion among men was Maxime Nocher from Monaco, making him the youngest world champion, ahead of Oliver Bridge and Polish native Blazek Ozog . Kitesurfing

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