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90-480: Patented by Fouillaron in 1898. “To solve a thorny weaving problem, the engineer developed a variator system that prevented the thread from cutting when starting the looms” , 1904 Fouillaron type G tonneau was equipped with a wooden Tonneau body and a De Dion 6 HP single-cylinder engine, the car did not exceed 25 km/h. This vehicle has a very original gear transmission system with extendable pulleys, This invention, which he further developed and adapted to machine tools,

180-536: A Jägermeister glass. The drink originated in 1973 when Tilburgian entrepreneur Jan Wassing started experimenting with a drink with lower alcoholic percentage that was appropriate for his stomach. The result was successful. The drink is distilled now at Loven industrial area in Tilburg by the Eindhoven company Schrobbeler Ltd, without the è on the last vowel. The drink is especially consumed at Carnival . The name

270-522: A cavalry barracks on St. Joseph Street, now a monumental building of the City Archives . Although the King was always made welcome by the manufacturers he had befriended, he needed his own residence in Tilburg, and commissioned the construction of a palace , which would function as his country residence. Construction started in 1847 and was completed just days before William II died, in 1849. It

360-534: A force is allowed to act through a distance, it is doing mechanical work . Similarly, if torque is allowed to act through an angular displacement, it is doing work. Mathematically, for rotation about a fixed axis through the center of mass , the work W can be expressed as W = ∫ θ 1 θ 2 τ   d θ , {\displaystyle W=\int _{\theta _{1}}^{\theta _{2}}\tau \ \mathrm {d} \theta ,} where τ

450-547: A loom —by the 17th century these numbered about 300. Enterprising people saw their chance. As so-called "drapers", they supplied the weavers with the raw materials for their "home working", and the first Tilburg "mill houses" came into existence. From then on, the wool industry underwent rapid growth, and in 1881 Tilburg had as many as 145 wool mills. Home weaving continued, however, until the early 20th century. Woollen textiles from Tilburg were known far and wide. After World War II Tilburg retained its place as wool capital of

540-408: A Dutch Railways train maintenance yard, has been purchased by the city and is being transformed into an urban zone. Little is known about the beginnings of Tilburg. The name Tilliburg first appeared in documents dating from AD 709, but after that there was no mention for several centuries. In the later Middle Ages, Tilburg referred to a region rather than a particular town or village; its population

630-402: A few remnants of its moat in the suburbs of Oisterwijk. In the 14th century, Tilburg was proclaimed a manor ; together with Goirle , it acquired the title of "The Manor of Tilburg and Goirle". Successively, the manorial rights fell into the hands of several lords of noble lineage. They derived their income from taxes, fines and interest paid by the villagers. In the 15th century, one of

720-581: A fixed location. It manages the city's heritage collection and creates exhibitions at diverse venues. For example, the Peerke Donders Pavilion and Vincent's Drawing Room. The collection that Stadsmuseum Tilburg manages is part of Tilburg City Collection. In addition, it manages the Memory of Tilburg with more than 4400 stories. Parks and forests provide inhabitants from the Tilburg area with recreation. The Leijpark and Reeshofpark are

810-558: A historical view in its former factory, but also a laboratory for design, production and development of textile as a material. It opened in 1958. There is also the Natuurmuseum Brabant (Brabant Museum of Nature), dedicated to natural history. Originally named the Natural History Museum of Tilburg ( Natuurhistorisch Museum Tilburg), the museum was established in 1935. The museum was originally housed in

900-593: A lack of shopping facilities as compared to similar-sized cities in the Netherlands. Two smaller cinemas were replaced by a bigger one on the Pieter Vreedeplein in 2007. Despite being called Centrum , the district is some distance southeast of the geographical center. The district is connected by the Tilburg railway station . Oud-Noord is situated north of the railway that crosses Tilburg, and between

990-711: A modern skyline. Because of new policy three buildings were built, which are considered skyscrapers in the Netherlands. These are the Interpolis headquarters, the Westpoint Tower and StadsHeer . The Westpoint Tower has an altitude of 143.1 metres (469.5 feet) and was the tallest residential tower in The Netherlands until the Montevideo in Rotterdam surpassed it. The 'StadsHeer' is the third one and

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1080-545: A reason for the successes of the DAFs in rallying . There were several disadvantages that accompanied the lack of a true differential gear. Although each belt could settle (independent of the other) into its optimum position, thus allowing for wheel speed variation, the system was slow to operate and depended on the pulleys being turned. This led to rapid tire wear and placed stress on other transmission components. Snapped drive shafts were common. Low-speed handling in icy conditions

1170-584: A result, in the former Dutch annual backward driving world championship, the DAFs had to be put in a separate competition because no other car could keep up. Thus, these very cheap and simple cars were the 'formula one' in this competition. Manual transmission remains dominant in Europe. When DAF was acquired by Volvo in 1974, the Variomatic patents were transferred to a company called VDT (Van Doorne Transmissie), later acquired by Bosch in 1995. VDT continued

1260-762: A single point particle is: L = r × p {\displaystyle \mathbf {L} =\mathbf {r} \times \mathbf {p} } where p is the particle's linear momentum and r is the position vector from the origin. The time-derivative of this is: d L d t = r × d p d t + d r d t × p . {\displaystyle {\frac {\mathrm {d} \mathbf {L} }{\mathrm {d} t}}=\mathbf {r} \times {\frac {\mathrm {d} \mathbf {p} }{\mathrm {d} t}}+{\frac {\mathrm {d} \mathbf {r} }{\mathrm {d} t}}\times \mathbf {p} .} This result can easily be proven by splitting

1350-498: A twist applied to turn a shaft is better than the more complex notion of applying a linear force (or a pair of forces) with a certain leverage. Today, torque is referred to using different vocabulary depending on geographical location and field of study. This article follows the definition used in US physics in its usage of the word torque . In the UK and in US mechanical engineering , torque

1440-583: A year. The economy was concentrated on wool industry for centuries, however, since the 1960s, Tilburg has made more progress in having different kinds of industries, supported by the government to save the city from poverty after the decline of wool industry. Chemical company IFF has a factory in Tilburg. In the 1980s, the Japanese company Fujifilm came to Tilburg. Insurance companies like Interpolis and CZ are headquartered in Tilburg, as well. Iris Ohyama has its European offices in Tilburg. Since 2013,

1530-648: Is a general proof for point particles, but it can be generalized to a system of point particles by applying the above proof to each of the point particles and then summing over all the point particles. Similarly, the proof can be generalized to a continuous mass by applying the above proof to each point within the mass, and then integrating over the entire mass. In physics , rotatum is the derivative of torque with respect to time P = d τ d t , {\displaystyle \mathbf {P} ={\frac {\mathrm {d} {\boldsymbol {\tau }}}{\mathrm {d} t}},} where τ

1620-414: Is a modern pop-centre. Paradox is a club for experimental jazz and improvised music. Fontys University of Applied Sciences started a pop academy in the beginning of the 21st century, and students often perform on local stages. Tilburg has a renowned museum of contemporary art, De Pont , which houses works from artists such as Ai Weiwei , Anish Kapoor and Richard Serra . The museum, which opened in 1992,

1710-632: Is along the Reitse Hoevenstraat with multiple secondary schools such as: Jozefmavo and Theresialyceum. The district is connected by train with the Tilburg Universiteit railway station , Previously known as "Tilburg West station" and has one of the two hospitals in Tilburg ( TweeSteden ziekenhuis  [ nl ] ). The largest mosque of Tilburg, the Turkish Süleymaniye-Mosque built in 2001, stands in

1800-445: Is also used in today's motorscooters . It has been a standard part of all common scooters since 1985, and several companies such as Malossi , Polini , Doppler, and Stage6 are offering tuning clutches and variomatic for most common 50, 70 and 125 cc scooters. The modern CVT works according to the same principle of split pulleys allowing infinitely variable gear ratios. Rather than the pulled rubber drive belts as originally used by DAF,

1890-487: Is applied by the screwdriver rotating around its axis . A force of three newtons applied two metres from the fulcrum, for example, exerts the same torque as a force of one newton applied six metres from the fulcrum. The term torque (from Latin torquēre , 'to twist') is said to have been suggested by James Thomson and appeared in print in April, 1884. Usage is attested the same year by Silvanus P. Thompson in

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1980-407: Is defined as the product of the magnitude of the perpendicular component of the force and the distance of the line of action of a force from the point around which it is being determined. In three dimensions, the torque is a pseudovector ; for point particles , it is given by the cross product of the displacement vector and the force vector. The direction of the torque can be determined by using

2070-440: Is derived from the profession of 'Schrobbelaar', in the textile industry in Tilburg. The profession was unskilled and had a low wage. Another known drink from Tilburg is Peerke's Nat, which has a higher alcoholic percentage than Schrobbelèr (25%) and was introduced at the beatification of Peter Donders (locally named Peerke). The drink is sold in bottles of 70 centiliters . The Koningshoeven Brewery brews trappist beer . It

2160-496: Is housed in a former wool mill, an important piece of Tilburg's history. Anish Kapoor's artwork ' Skymirror ' is displayed on the square in front of the museum. Also in the field of contemporary arts is the SEA Foundation Tilburg , an internationally oriented art foundation, exhibition space and artist residence for artists, writers and curators. Tilburg also hosts a significant textile museum , offering not only

2250-550: Is located north of the Wilhelmina Canal . The district has 23,340 inhabitants. Tilburg-Noord was built in the period 1966–1974. Therefore, it has many apartment buildings up to 16 floors, drive-in houses, green strips and industrial development. The streets in this district are mostly named after musicians from the Renaissance up to pop artists from the 1960s. The main shopping center is Wagnerplein, while there's also

2340-405: Is now part of Tilburg City Hall . In 1987 an obelisk was erected nearby, in memory of King William II. It replaced the old "needle" dating from 1874, which was removed from the street in 1968. After its restoration, William II's statue has got a place again in the heart of the city, where he felt happy among its inhabitants. The local football club Willem II Tilburg was named after

2430-433: Is part of the 'Haestrechtkwartier' (Haestrecht quarter). The residential tower is nicknamed De Vogelkooikes (The Bird Cages) for its cubic balconies taped onto the building. King William II (1792–1849) was fond of Tilburg. "Here I can breathe freely and I feel happy", he once said about the town. King William II always supported Tilburg—he provided money to improve the sheep breeding, built new farms and founded

2520-471: Is referred to as moment of force , usually shortened to moment . This terminology can be traced back to at least 1811 in Siméon Denis Poisson 's Traité de mécanique . An English translation of Poisson's work appears in 1842. A force applied perpendicularly to a lever multiplied by its distance from the lever's fulcrum (the length of the lever arm ) is its torque. Therefore, torque

2610-399: Is still reflected in the layout of many places in Tilburg. Many districts, including Korvel, Oerle, Broekhoven, Hasselt, Heikant, De Schans, and Heuvel, bear the names of these old hamlets . The poor farmers living in these hamlets soon decided not to sell the wool from their sheep but to weave it themselves, and for a long time, much of the space inside their small houses was occupied by

2700-425: Is the moment of inertia of the body and ω is its angular speed . Power is the work per unit time , given by P = τ ⋅ ω , {\displaystyle P={\boldsymbol {\tau }}\cdot {\boldsymbol {\omega }},} where P is power, τ is torque, ω is the angular velocity , and ⋅ {\displaystyle \cdot } represents

2790-405: Is the newton-metre (N⋅m). For more on the units of torque, see § Units . The net torque on a body determines the rate of change of the body's angular momentum , τ = d L d t {\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\tau }}={\frac {\mathrm {d} \mathbf {L} }{\mathrm {d} t}}} where L is the angular momentum vector and t

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2880-1748: Is time. For the motion of a point particle, L = I ω , {\displaystyle \mathbf {L} =I{\boldsymbol {\omega }},} where I = m r 2 {\textstyle I=mr^{2}} is the moment of inertia and ω is the orbital angular velocity pseudovector. It follows that τ n e t = I 1 ω 1 ˙ e 1 ^ + I 2 ω 2 ˙ e 2 ^ + I 3 ω 3 ˙ e 3 ^ + I 1 ω 1 d e 1 ^ d t + I 2 ω 2 d e 2 ^ d t + I 3 ω 3 d e 3 ^ d t = I ω ˙ + ω × ( I ω ) {\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\tau }}_{\mathrm {net} }=I_{1}{\dot {\omega _{1}}}{\hat {\boldsymbol {e_{1}}}}+I_{2}{\dot {\omega _{2}}}{\hat {\boldsymbol {e_{2}}}}+I_{3}{\dot {\omega _{3}}}{\hat {\boldsymbol {e_{3}}}}+I_{1}\omega _{1}{\frac {d{\hat {\boldsymbol {e_{1}}}}}{dt}}+I_{2}\omega _{2}{\frac {d{\hat {\boldsymbol {e_{2}}}}}{dt}}+I_{3}\omega _{3}{\frac {d{\hat {\boldsymbol {e_{3}}}}}{dt}}=I{\boldsymbol {\dot {\omega }}}+{\boldsymbol {\omega }}\times (I{\boldsymbol {\omega }})} using

2970-451: Is torque, and θ 1 and θ 2 represent (respectively) the initial and final angular positions of the body. It follows from the work–energy principle that W also represents the change in the rotational kinetic energy E r of the body, given by E r = 1 2 I ω 2 , {\displaystyle E_{\mathrm {r} }={\tfrac {1}{2}}I\omega ^{2},} where I

3060-818: Is torque. This word is derived from the Latin word rotātus meaning 'to rotate', but the term rotatum is not universally recognized but is commonly used. There is not a universally accepted lexicon to indicate the successive derivatives of rotatum, even if sometimes various proposals have been made. Using the cross product definition of torque, an alternative expression for rotatum is: P = r × d F d t + d r d t × F . {\displaystyle \mathbf {P} =\mathbf {r} \times {\frac {\mathrm {d} \mathbf {F} }{\mathrm {d} t}}+{\frac {\mathrm {d} \mathbf {r} }{\mathrm {d} t}}\times \mathbf {F} .} Because

3150-406: Is typically τ {\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\tau }}} , the lowercase Greek letter tau . When being referred to as moment of force, it is commonly denoted by M . Just as a linear force is a push or a pull applied to a body, a torque can be thought of as a twist applied to an object with respect to a chosen point; for example, driving a screw uses torque, which

3240-506: Is valid for any type of trajectory. In some simple cases like a rotating disc, where only the moment of inertia on rotating axis is, the rotational Newton's second law can be τ = I α {\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\tau }}=I{\boldsymbol {\alpha }}} where α = ω ˙ {\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\alpha }}={\dot {\boldsymbol {\omega }}}} . The definition of angular momentum for

3330-624: Is zero because velocity and momentum are parallel, so the second term vanishes. Therefore, torque on a particle is equal to the first derivative of its angular momentum with respect to time. If multiple forces are applied, according Newton's second law it follows that d L d t = r × F n e t = τ n e t . {\displaystyle {\frac {\mathrm {d} \mathbf {L} }{\mathrm {d} t}}=\mathbf {r} \times \mathbf {F} _{\mathrm {net} }={\boldsymbol {\tau }}_{\mathrm {net} }.} This

3420-694: The Ringbanen (ring roads around the city center). The district has 33,915 inhabitants. Contemporary arts museum De Pont is located within the district. When the railway marshalling yard belonging to the Nederlandse Spoorwegen became obsolete, a considerable stretch of the railway across the city, the Spoorzone , became an urban renewal project. New premises for two courses run by Fontys University of Applied Sciences will be located here, as will Tilburg's new central library, replacing

3510-722: The StadsHeer as a small part of the urban renewal . This area along the railway is partly located in Oud-Zuid . Many important locations in Tilburg are located within the district, just out of the center, such as 013 music venue and the Schouwburg built in 1961. Also the Koningsplein with the main library and the Piushaven are located within the district. Old herd places include Korvel, Broekhoven and Oerle. Tilburg-Noord

3600-400: The geometrical theorem of the same name) states that the resultant torques due to several forces applied to about a point is equal to the sum of the contributing torques: Tilburg Tilburg ( Dutch: [ˈtɪlbʏr(ə)x] ) is a city and municipality in the Netherlands, in the southern province of North Brabant . With a population of 222,601 (1 July 2021), it is

3690-460: The right hand grip rule : if the fingers of the right hand are curled from the direction of the lever arm to the direction of the force, then the thumb points in the direction of the torque. It follows that the torque vector is perpendicular to both the position and force vectors and defines the plane in which the two vectors lie. The resulting torque vector direction is determined by the right-hand rule. Therefore any force directed parallel to

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3780-414: The scalar product . Algebraically, the equation may be rearranged to compute torque for a given angular speed and power output. The power injected by the torque depends only on the instantaneous angular speed – not on whether the angular speed increases, decreases, or remains constant while the torque is being applied (this is equivalent to the linear case where the power injected by a force depends only on

3870-521: The DAF group to Bosch in 1995. The CVT is available from brands such as Audi , Honda , BMW Mini , and Subaru . Tata Motors from India intended to use a Variomatic transmission in its $ 2500 Nano . The Nissan Primera is offered with this transmission. Torque In physics and mechanics , torque is the rotational analogue of linear force . It is also referred to as the moment of force (also abbreviated to moment ). The symbol for torque

3960-712: The Executive MBA program at the university's TiasNimbas Business School ranked # 11 in the world according to the Financial Times . Tilburg is also the location of the Fontys School of Fine and Performing Arts (Dutch: Fontys Hogeschool voor de Kunsten - FHK ), part of the Fontys Hogescholen . The School originated from the merging of various educational institutions that had existed in different capacity in Tilburg before being united under

4050-709: The Fontys group, such as the Brabants Conservatorium, one of the nine conservatoires in the Netherlands, and the Academie voor Beeldende Vorming. Fontys School of Arts offers various bachelor and master programmes in English and in Dutch, across different fields in music , visual arts , dance , theatre and performing arts This institution is based in a building known as 'Kunstkluster', located in

4140-526: The Netherlands, but in the 1960s the industry collapsed and by the 1980s the number of operating wool mills had declined. Present-day Tilburg industry consists of a wide variety of enterprises. The main economic sector has become transport and logistics with a variety of industry as a close second. When the wool industry collapsed in the 1960s, Cees Becht was the mayor of Tilburg. While he was in office, many old buildings were destroyed, including some precious monuments. The Koningswei neighbourhood (King's Meadows)

4230-465: The Netherlands, or when at least one of their parents was born outside of the Netherlands. The Tilburg agglomeration has the following religious makeup as of 2003: Tilburg experiences an oceanic climate ( Köppen climate classification Cfb ) similar to almost all of the Netherlands. Thunderstorms occur in Western Brabant more often than anywhere else in the Netherlands, up to 31 days

4320-598: The Ringbaan Zuid, and is the southernmost district. Tilburg-zuid has 19,149 inhabitants. The district contains two neighbourhoods and many businesses. The football club Willem II is located within the district, as well as the ice-skating rink with a speed skating rink , the Ireen Wüst IJsbaan, which is located here. The main campus of Fontys University of Applied Sciences is located in this district, as well as St. Elisabeth hospital and Leijpark, one of

4410-608: The Verdiplein in Stokhasselt. The one at the Tartinistraat became defunct. Before the district was built, it was mainly an agricultural area attached to a few villages, including Heikant, which is still the name of the biggest neighbourhood. Heikant's former village square, including the old church, is still present. The northernmost part of the district is still agricultural with some forests. In this agricultural area,

4500-721: The above expression for work, , gives W = ∫ s 1 s 2 F ⋅ d θ × r {\displaystyle W=\int _{s_{1}}^{s_{2}}\mathbf {F} \cdot \mathrm {d} {\boldsymbol {\theta }}\times \mathbf {r} } The expression inside the integral is a scalar triple product F ⋅ d θ × r = r × F ⋅ d θ {\displaystyle \mathbf {F} \cdot \mathrm {d} {\boldsymbol {\theta }}\times \mathbf {r} =\mathbf {r} \times \mathbf {F} \cdot \mathrm {d} {\boldsymbol {\theta }}} , but as per

4590-526: The blessed Peter Donders was born; there still stands a chapel and a procession park. Tilburg-oost consists of primarily industrial development. Residential neighbourhoods are in a small strip east of the Ringbaan Oost rather than the whole district, however, it is not considered as a part of the city center. The district only has 748 inhabitants. Tilburg-Zuid is located between the A58 motorway and

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4680-564: The centre of the city next to the Schouwburg and incorporating a Concert Hall. Tilburg is a pilot city of the Council of Europe and the EU Intercultural Cities programme. Schrobbelèr is a local liqueur. It has an alcoholic percentage of 21.5%, slightly lower than most bitters and has a relatively sweet flavour. The drink is sold in a stone jar and is drunk cold from own glass, a high and tiny chalice glass, larger than

4770-432: The conical drums in both pulleys, the diameters and so also the reduction ratio changes continuously. With the DAF 600 - 55, each rear wheel was propelled individually by a pair of conical drums and drive belt with the effect of a limited-slip differential : if a drive wheel on slippery road revs up, the other wheel can still transfer the full torque. This results in unusually good traction characteristics, which were also

4860-439: The definition of torque, and since the parameter of integration has been changed from linear displacement to angular displacement, the equation becomes W = ∫ θ 1 θ 2 τ ⋅ d θ {\displaystyle W=\int _{\theta _{1}}^{\theta _{2}}{\boldsymbol {\tau }}\cdot \mathrm {d} {\boldsymbol {\theta }}} If

4950-411: The derivative of a vector is d e i ^ d t = ω × e i ^ {\displaystyle {d{\boldsymbol {\hat {e_{i}}}} \over dt}={\boldsymbol {\omega }}\times {\boldsymbol {\hat {e_{i}}}}} This equation is the rotational analogue of Newton's second law for point particles, and

5040-512: The development of the CVT and introduced a push-belt system in the Ford Fiesta and Fiat Uno . The final drive has two pulleys with moveable conical drums. The distance between the drums is controlled by the engine vacuum in the inlet manifold and engine RPM , through centrifugal weights inside the drums. Between the two pulleys runs a drive belt. As a result of the change in the distance of

5130-421: The dubious nickname Cees de Sloper (Cees the demolisher). In the 1980s, many locations, formerly occupied by wool factories had been filled with small-scale housing projects. This mostly happened when Henk Letschert was mayor of Tilburg. The Heuvel , one of the important squares, had its own lime tree until 27 April 1994, being chopped for a bicycle parking basement. The felling led to many protests, because

5220-516: The electric car-producing company Tesla operates their main EU facility for assembly and distribution in Europe in the industrial area of Vossenberg north of the suburb "De Reeshof" in Tilburg. Tilburg has a high concentration of transportation/distribution industries, specializing in value added logistics and services, due to being the geographical center of the Benelux countries and being located on

5310-506: The fences protecting the surrounding neighbourhoods. This small-scale nature project is called the Dongevallei, which literally means Donge Valley in English. The population of Tilburg was 222,601 on 1 July 2021. According to the Tilburg city council, the city will reach a population of 217,000 by 2025. Of these, 23.3% (47,964 people) are of foreign descent. People are classified as being of foreign descent when they were born outside of

5400-549: The first edition of Dynamo-Electric Machinery . Thompson motivates the term as follows: Just as the Newtonian definition of force is that which produces or tends to produce motion (along a line), so torque may be defined as that which produces or tends to produce torsion (around an axis). It is better to use a term which treats this action as a single definite entity than to use terms like " couple " and " moment ", which suggest more complex ideas. The single notion of

5490-490: The former intendant residence of King Willem II, but moved in 1985 to its current location, a former technical school near the railway station. The collection consists of a large variety of stuffed animals, animals kept in formaldehyde, dried plants, stones, minerals, fossils and archaeological objects. The Museum Scryption was a former museum in Tilburg with the main theme 'written communication'. It closed in 2011. The Tilburg City Museum ( Stadsmuseum Tilburg) does not have

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5580-568: The infinitesimal linear displacement d s {\displaystyle \mathrm {d} \mathbf {s} } is related to a corresponding angular displacement d θ {\displaystyle \mathrm {d} {\boldsymbol {\theta }}} and the radius vector r {\displaystyle \mathbf {r} } as d s = d θ × r {\displaystyle \mathrm {d} \mathbf {s} =\mathrm {d} {\boldsymbol {\theta }}\times \mathbf {r} } Substitution in

5670-586: The instantaneous speed – not on the resulting acceleration, if any). The work done by a variable force acting over a finite linear displacement s {\displaystyle s} is given by integrating the force with respect to an elemental linear displacement d s {\displaystyle \mathrm {d} \mathbf {s} } W = ∫ s 1 s 2 F ⋅ d s {\displaystyle W=\int _{s_{1}}^{s_{2}}\mathbf {F} \cdot \mathrm {d} \mathbf {s} } However,

5760-477: The king. Tilburg Centrum is the downtown of Tilburg, and is situated between (clockwise) the Spoorlaan, Heuvelring, Paleisring, Schouwburgring and Noordhoekring, which is the same as the order of the one-way roads around the district. The district has 6,572 inhabitants, and most of the shops, hotels, restaurants and cafes of the city. In 2008, the refurbished Pieter Vreedeplein was opened to the public, addressing

5850-518: The largest parks. Leijpark was famous for Festival Mundial and lies next to St. Elisabeth hospital and a monastery, the Cenakel. Reeshofpark was created in the late 1990s, including some restaurants opened in 2011. Some older parks include Wilhelminapark in Oud-Noord, are built on the square of the former herd place Veldhoven. Tilburg offers, in comparison to other top-ten cities in the Netherlands,

5940-487: The largest public parks in the city. Tilburg-west was mostly built after WWII, and has 26,655 inhabitants. The district with its neighbourhoods consists mostly of small brick houses and apartment buildings, except for Zorgvlied, which contains more expensive, free-standing houses. The Westermarkt is the largest shopping center out of the inner city. Many higher educational buildings are standing here, like Tilburg University and Avans Hogeschool. Another place of many schools

6030-450: The library in Koningsplein. The railway yard is the largest area, though more areas along the railway will be reconstructed. Oud-Zuid is a district south, and also west and east of downtown Tilburg. The district has 38,659 inhabitants. As of 2012 , all the 'skyscrapers' of Tilburg, higher than 100 m (330 ft) are located within the district. The Hart van Brabantlaan is almost surrounded by high buildings like Westpoint Tower and

6120-418: The lords of Tilburg, Jan van Haestrecht, built Tilburg Castle. "That stone chamber at Hasselt" is mentioned in several historical documents. In 1858, however, the castle was pulled down to make way for a factory, but the name lives on, in the city arms and logo. A replica of the foundations of the castle was restored in c.  1995 in its original location, after the factory was demolished. In 1803, Goirle

6210-542: The modern transmission is made more durable by the use of steel link belts that are pushed by their pulleys. This improvement was pioneered by Fiat, Ford, and Van Doorne in the Netherlands from the late 1970s. The gearbox is also under electronic control. One version that incorporates the switch from rubber to steel belts was called the Transmatic. DAF's Van Doorne's Transmissie is still operating (as of November 2015) in Tilburg , Netherlands. It changed affiliations from

6300-665: The most forest area. In the municipality, Tilburg has the Wandelbos, a forest south of the similarly named neighbourhood in Tilburg-West, the Oude Warande, the Kaaistoep, a forest of 4.5 km , and partially, Huis Ter Heide in the northwest of Tilburg, a 6.5 km -sized natural redevelopment area. Out of the municipality, there's a national park called Loonse en Drunense Duinen which includes dunes of drift sand from

6390-532: The neighbourhood Gesworen Hoek. As of 2012 , the last neighbourhood (Koolhoven Buiten) is under construction. The district is connected by the Tilburg Reeshof railway station and multiple roads that encircle the district plus the industrial development Vossenberg north of the Wilhelmina Canal. The Donge runs through the district, including greenspace with some Highland cattle grazing between

6480-477: The nine-storey, modern-day, black complex. A part of the empty area was used to build the system of the inner Cityring . Another building that was demolished was the old railway station, which was replaced due to Hoogspoor (literally: high rails), a project bringing the railway on viaducts to reduce traffic congestion around 1960. The century-old station building was replaced by the modern one. Because of all of this and some more parts of Tilburg, Cees Becht gained

6570-683: The particle's position vector does not produce a torque. The magnitude of torque applied to a rigid body depends on three quantities: the force applied, the lever arm vector connecting the point about which the torque is being measured to the point of force application, and the angle between the force and lever arm vectors. In symbols: τ = r × F ⟹ τ = r F ⊥ = r F sin ⁡ θ {\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\tau }}=\mathbf {r} \times \mathbf {F} \implies \tau =rF_{\perp }=rF\sin \theta } where The SI unit for torque

6660-605: The past years. TiU offers both Dutch-taught and English-taught programmes. The institution has gained a reputation in both research and education. In the field of economics, the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration ranked No. 1 in Europe for the second consecutive time in 2007 according to the Journal of the European Economic Association with regard to publications in top journals. In 2007

6750-528: The rate of change of force is yank Y {\textstyle \mathbf {Y} } and the rate of change of position is velocity v {\textstyle \mathbf {v} } , the expression can be further simplified to: P = r × Y + v × F . {\displaystyle \mathbf {P} =\mathbf {r} \times \mathbf {Y} +\mathbf {v} \times \mathbf {F} .} The law of conservation of energy can also be used to understand torque. If

6840-517: The second-largest city or municipality in North Brabant after Eindhoven and the seventh-largest in the Netherlands. Tilburg University is located in Tilburg, as are Avans University of Applied Sciences and Fontys University of Applied Sciences . There are three railway stations within the municipality: Tilburg , Tilburg Universiteit and Tilburg Reeshof . The 75-hectare (185-acre) "Spoorzone" area around Tilburg Central station, once

6930-532: The southeastern corner of the district. West is surrounded by forests like Wandelbos and the Oude Warande , located west of the university. The Reeshof is the westernmost district and the most recent expansion of the city of Tilburg proper. and has a population of 42,994 inhabitants. Because of this, the Reeshof became the largest district of Tilburg by population. The first houses were completed in 1980, in

7020-623: The speed skating rink there's an ice hockey field. The hockey team Tilburg Trappers dominated the Eredivisie (Dutch Premier League) for years before moving to the Oberliga, the third tier of ice hockey in Germany. Tilburg is the closest major settlement to The Efteling , with the amusement park made famous by Python being located only 11km away from the city centre. A small fan owned miniature attraction called Mini Efteling can be found

7110-466: The time the engine runs at its most economical speed, the fuel consumption of this car was acceptable, although the fuel efficiency of any mechanical CVT is about 70% (then) to 75% now (Bosch). Because the system does not have separate gears, but one (continuously shifting) gear and a separate 'reverse mode' (as opposed to reverse gear), the transmission works in reverse as well, giving it the side effect that one can drive backwards as fast as forwards. As

7200-875: The torque and the angular displacement are in the same direction, then the scalar product reduces to a product of magnitudes; i.e., τ ⋅ d θ = | τ | | d θ | cos ⁡ 0 = τ d θ {\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\tau }}\cdot \mathrm {d} {\boldsymbol {\theta }}=\left|{\boldsymbol {\tau }}\right|\left|\mathrm {d} {\boldsymbol {\theta }}\right|\cos 0=\tau \,\mathrm {d} \theta } giving W = ∫ θ 1 θ 2 τ d θ {\displaystyle W=\int _{\theta _{1}}^{\theta _{2}}\tau \,\mathrm {d} \theta } The principle of moments, also known as Varignon's theorem (not to be confused with

7290-610: The transport corridor between Antwerp / Rotterdam and the Ruhr area. The 'Waalwijk-Tilburg' region has been in the logistics hotspots top 3 within the Netherlands for years now and finished third in 2017. Higher education is of significant importance, with Tilburg University attracting scholars from all over the world. It has a student population of about 13,000 students, about 8 per cent of whom are international students. With well-facilitated Library, museums and city center with many pubs and cafes, this percentage has steadily increased over

7380-403: The tree was still healthy. After the Pieter Vreedeplein reconstruction, plans were made to plant a descendant of the original lime tree. Three were placed, only one of them survived. The last living tree was moved to another location again, but died shortly after. As of 23 November 2011, no more descendants have been placed. The current one is just another lime tree. In the 1990s Tilburg developed

7470-733: The vectors into components and applying the product rule . But because the rate of change of linear momentum is force F {\textstyle \mathbf {F} } and the rate of change of position is velocity v {\textstyle \mathbf {v} } , d L d t = r × F + v × p {\displaystyle {\frac {\mathrm {d} \mathbf {L} }{\mathrm {d} t}}=\mathbf {r} \times \mathbf {F} +\mathbf {v} \times \mathbf {p} } The cross product of momentum p {\displaystyle \mathbf {p} } with its associated velocity v {\displaystyle \mathbf {v} }

7560-420: The west coast. The local football team is Willem II , named in remembrance of King William II. Tilburg Ten Miles is an annual road running competition held in Tilburg. Students' sports like rowing and hockey are popular as well. Tilburg hosts three field hockey clubs that play in top national leagues. Tilburg has an ice skating rink, including the 400 m speed skating rink Ireen Wüst IJsbaan. Within

7650-448: Was acquired by the Dutch car manufacturer DAF. The Variomatic was the first commercially successful CVT (as opposed to shifting between separate gears). In theory, this always produces the optimum torque . The Variomatic was introduced by DAF in 1958, also putting an automatic gearbox in the Netherlands for the first time. The Variomatic was introduced on the DAF 600 . Because most of

7740-464: Was demolished and replaced by Koningsplein (King's Square). The reason for demolishing the neighbourhood was to replace slum with modern building. The new development, however, has not been successful and many feel that the square feels abandoned most of the year. Considered even worse was the demolition of the old city hall. This classicistic-styled building was a national-registered monument, but even that did not stop Becht's plans to demolish it to build

7830-908: Was founded in 1884 at Koningshoeven Abbey . Tilburg's open air art is mostly supported by KORT (Kunst in Open Ruimte Tilburg, Dutch for Art in Open Space Tilburg). One example is the turning house on the Hasseltrotonde, a roundabout, was erected in 2008. Besides being responsible for newer, modern art, KORT also gives information about older works of art, like the Willem II statue on the Heuvel. The city of Tilburg hosts many festivals, such as Incubate , Festival Mundial (world culture), Stranger Than Paranoia (jazz), Tilburg Students Festival, and Roadburn Festival . 013

7920-418: Was interesting as the system tended to drive the car forward against the influence of the steered wheels. Later cars, the 46, 66, and Volvo variants were fitted with a differentially geared axle. A version with a differential was developed by Williams in the 1993 Williams FW15C CVT Formula One car, but it was banned before being raced. In testing there were problems with the heat production. The Variomatic

8010-418: Was largely in a couple of hamlets, one of which was known as "Eastern Tilburg" ( Oost-Tilburg ), which was later reflected in the name Oisterwijk ("Eastern Quarter"). This village centred around a small (probably wooden) castle or Motteburcht on an equally small hill, which became derelict and was torn down after a few centuries at most. Of this first "Tilburg Castle", nothing remained c. 2000, except for

8100-446: Was separated from Tilburg and on 18 April 1809, Tilburg was granted city status . In that year, it had about 9,000 inhabitants. In 2009 Tilburg hosted several festivities in celebration of 200 years as a city. Tilburg grew around one of the so-called "herd places" or "Frankish triangles", triangular plots where a number of roads (usually sand roads) met. These herd places were collective pasturelands for flocks of sheep . Their shape

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