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43-704: In 1932, it was included in the newly created Donetsk Oblast . At the time, it was referred to as a national raion for ethnic Greeks in Ukraine. Previously, it had been part of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast . On 15 May 2014 (during the early phase of the War in Donbas ) the Donbas Battalion secured the district from pro-Russian separatists loyal to the Donetsk People's Republic . According to (the then commander

86-465: A location in Donetsk Oblast is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Donetsk Oblast Donetsk Oblast , also referred to as Donechchyna ( Ukrainian : Донеччина , IPA: [doˈnɛtʃːɪnɐ] ), is an oblast in eastern Ukraine . It is Ukraine's most populous province, with around 4.1 million residents. Its administrative centre is Donetsk , though due to

129-570: Is a relative adjective , formed by adding a feminine suffix to the name of respective center city: Kharkiv is the center of the Kharkivs’ka oblast’ (Kharkiv Oblast). Most oblasts are also sometimes referred to in a feminine noun form, following the convention of traditional regional place names, ending with the suffix "-shchyna", as is the case with the Kharkiv Oblast, Kharkivshchyna . The oblast borders Russia ( Belgorod Oblast ) to

172-452: Is also rich in fertile black earth. Important resources for recreation within the area are: the mild climate, the Sea of Azov coast, curative mud, sources of minerals, and radon and table water. Due to these numerous recreation resources, many resort hotels and camps are located here. There are about 26 health centres and pensions, 52 rest homes and boarding houses, and rest camps for children in

215-427: Is estimated at 4,100,280 (2021 est.). The oblast is known for its urban sprawl of Donetsk – Makiivka and Horlivka – Yenakiieve and it is often associated with the coal mining industry. In 2014, parts of the oblast, including Donetsk, came under the control of Russian-backed separatists who declared the Donetsk People's Republic , leading to a war against government forces ; the de facto administrative center

258-461: Is located within the historic regions of Zaporizhzhia (western and central part), Sloboda Ukraine (northern part) and Pryazovia (southern part). In the mid-18th-century, the north-eastern outskirts formed part of Slavo-Serbia with its capital in Bakhmut . Before the establishment of Donetsk Oblast, three districts ( okruhas ) existed on its territory from 1923 to 1930. The Donets Governorate

301-750: The 1991 referendum , 83.90% of votes in Donetsk Oblast were in favour of the Declaration of Independence of Ukraine , fourth lowest in the country after Crimea, Sevastopol and Luhansk Oblast. A survey conducted in December 2014 by the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology found 18.5% of the oblast's population supported their region joining Russia, 53.8% did not support the idea, 22.5% were undecided, and 5.2% did not respond; insurgent-controlled areas (which hold over 50% of

344-484: The 1991 referendum , 86.33% of votes in Kharkiv Oblast were in favor of the Declaration of Independence of Ukraine . A survey conducted in December 2014 by the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology found 4.2% of the oblast's population supported their region joining Russia, 71.5% did not support the idea, and the rest were undecided or did not respond. Following the Euromaidan , there was pro-Russian unrest in

387-463: The 1991 referendum . In the mid-1990s, the region became known for its heightened criminal activity, including the killings of high-profile business people such as Akhat Bragin and Yevhen Shcherban . Donetsk Oblast was also a base for Ukraine's main pro-Russian political faction, Party of Regions , which became part of the Ukrainian government in 2002 and paved a way into Ukrainian politics for

430-651: The Seven Wonders of Ukraine . It has a regional federation within the Ukrainian Bandy and Rink bandy Federation . In 2020, 104,900 people aged 15-70 worked in the education sector of the Kharkiv region, or 8.7% of the total number of people employed in the region's economy. At the end of 2020, there were 753 preschool education institutions in the region (11 more institutions compared to 2019), designed for 79.7 thousand places. The number of their pupils

473-547: The occupation of parts of the oblast . By late August, about one third of the territory of Kharkiv Oblast was occupied including Izium and Kupiansk . In July 2022, the Donetsk People's Republic signed a memorandum to "liberate Kharkiv from Ukraine". In early September 2022, the Ukrainian military commenced a counteroffensive in the region. Several settlements in the region were recaptured from Russian control. By 10 September 2022, Ukraine had recaptured Kupiansk and Izium . On 11 September, Russia had retreated from many of

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516-579: The war in Donbas . In May 2014, the Ukrainian government lost control over its border with Russia in Donetsk Oblast. On 30 September 2022 Russia, amid its invasion of Ukraine , annexed Donetsk ( Donetsk People's Republic ), Luhansk ( Luhansk People's Republic ), Zaporizhzhia , and Kherson Oblasts. The United Nations General Assembly subsequently passed a resolution calling on countries not to recognise what it described as an "attempted illegal annexation", demanded that Russia "immediately, completely and unconditionally withdraw", while most nations of

559-598: The Donbas Battalion) Semen Semenchenko the local police chief, deputies from the Party of Regions and the chairman of the district council "fled in an unknown direction." The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Donetsk Oblast to eight, of which only five were controlled by the government. According to the 2001 Ukrainian Census , This article about

602-400: The Kharkiv Oblast, in 2019, 31.4878 million passengers traveled through travel transport services, or 96.5% of the total in 2018. The most important highways that pass through the region: Kharkiv - Moscow , Kharkiv- Simferopol , Kharkiv- Rostov-on-Don , Kharkiv- Poltava . The total length of highways in the past is more than 9.7 thousand km, of which 97.5% are on hard surfaces. The length of

645-753: The Mariupol Port, the Donetsk International Airport , passenger airports in Mariupol and Kramatorsk , and dense road systems. In Donetsk Oblast two special economic zones have been created, Donetsk and Azov , which have a privileged tax regime. In 1999, the gross grain yield in the oblast was about 999.1 thousand tons, sugar beets – 27.1 thousand tons, sunflower seeds – 309.4 thousand tons, and potatoes – 380.2 thousand tons. Also, 134.2 thousand tons of meat, 494.3 thousand tons of milk and 646.4 million eggs have been produced. At

688-599: The Soviet Union in 1923, a similar subdivisions existed in Ukraine back in 1918. In 1930 all okruhas were also abolished with raions becoming the first level of subdivision of Ukraine until 1932. The modern Kharkiv Oblast was established on 27 February 1932. In the summer of 1932, some parts of the oblast were included in the newly created Donetsk Oblast originally centered in Artemivsk (later in Stalino ). Then in

731-511: The autoshlyakh of the sovereign venue in the Kharkiv Oblast is 2343.9 km, including 617.4 km - the MITERNINI, 108.2 km - National Monalni, 639.1 km - regions, 979.2 km - Teritorialne. On highways of national importance in the region there are 242 bridges with a total length of 1316.3 linear meters. m. Kharkiv airport serves domestic and international airlines, mainly engaged in passenger transportation. The following sites were nominated for

774-517: The beginning of 1999 there were 2108 farms within the oblast. Donetsk Oblast's climate is mostly continental, which is characterised by hot summers and relatively cold winters with changeable snow surfaces. East and southeast strong winds, high temperatures and heavy rain showers are typical in the summer. The average annual rainfall is 524 mm. The basic minerals found here are: coal (reserves – 25 billion tons), rock salt , lime carbonate, potassium , mercury , asbestos , and graphite . The area

817-478: The city of Sviatohirsk with the Sviatohirsk Lavra was nominated for the Seven Wonders of Ukraine . Since 2020, Donetsk Oblast has been divided into eight raions (districts), each named after its administrative center: Each raion is in turn divided up into hromadas . In 2013, the population of Donetsk Oblast was 4.43 million, which constituted 10% of the overall Ukrainian population, making it

860-740: The city of Stalino (today Donetsk ) took on the role. Until 1938, the Donetsian Oblast included the territories of the modern Donetsk Oblast and the Luhansk Oblast . In June 1938 it was split into the Stalino Oblast (modern Donetsk Oblast) and the Voroshylovhrad Oblast (modern Luhansk Oblast). During the Nazi German occupation from fall 1941 to fall 1943, Donetsk Oblast was known as Yuzivka Oblast (after

903-494: The coal, finished steel, coke, cast iron and steel production in Ukraine. Ferrous metallurgy, fuel industry and power industry are in demand in the structure of industry production. There are about 882 industry enterprises that are on independent balance, and 2,095 small industry enterprises in the oblast. The oblast has a developed transport infrastructure which includes the Donetsk railway (covers 40% of national transportation),

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946-673: The election of their candidate was not recognised. However, no official moves were ever made. At the 2001 Ukrainian National Census , the ethnic groups within Donetsk Oblast were: Ukrainians – 2,744,100 (56.9%), Russians – 1,844,400 (38.2%), Pontic Greeks – 77,500 (1.6%), Belarusians – 44,500 (0.9%), others (2.3%). At the 2001 census, the languages spoken within the oblast were: Russian (spoken by 98.6% of Russians living there, 58.7% of Ukrainians, 58.7% of Greeks, and 85.5% of Belarusians) and Ukrainian (spoken by 41.2% of Ukrainians, 1.3% of Russians, 3.2% of Greeks, and 3.9% of Belarusians). Donetsk Oblast accounts for more than one half of

989-438: The ethnic groups within the Kharkiv Oblast were: Groups by native language: In 2007, there were 700 religious associations in the Kharkiv Oblast, including: Ranked by population, the oblast's 12 largest municipalities are: Kharkiv Oblast is administratively subdivided into seven raions . Prior to the 2020 administrative reform, there were 25 raions, and also seven cities ( municipalities ) that were directly subordinate to

1032-614: The fall, some territories of the Kharkiv Oblast were used in the creation of Chernihiv Oblast . More territories became part of Poltava Oblast in fall of 1937 and Sumy Oblast in winter of 1939. During the Holodomor the population of the Kharkiv Oblast together with Kyiv Oblast suffered the most. During World War II , it was the site or large Soviet massacres of Poles ( Piatykhatky ) and German massacres of Jews ( Drobytsky Yar ). The region saw major fighting during World War II in several Battles of Kharkov between 1941 and 1943. During

1075-421: The most populous and most densely populated region of the country, except for the cities with special status ( Kyiv and Sevastopol ). Its large population is due to the presence of several big industrial cities and numerous villages agglomerated around them. During the 2004 presidential election , political supporters of Viktor Yanukovych threatened to demand autonomy for Donetsk and neighboring oblasts if

1118-653: The north, Luhansk Oblast to the east, Donetsk Oblast to the southeast, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to the southwest, Poltava Oblast to the west and Sumy Oblast to the northwest. The northern and central parts are part of historic Sloboda Ukraine , and the southern part is part of historic Zaporizhzhia . During the Soviet administrative reform of 1923–1929 , the Kharkov Governorate was abolished in 1925 leaving its five okruhas : Okhtyrka (originally Bohodukhiv), Izium, Kupiansk, Sumy, and Kharkiv. Introduced in

1161-559: The northeast, the Rostov Oblast in Russia to the east, and the Sea of Azov to the south. Its extent from north to south is 270 km, from east to west – 190 km. The extreme points of the oblast's borders are: Bilosarayska Kosa ( spit ) in the south, Shevchenko of Volnovakha Raion in the west, Verkhnii Kut of Horlivka Raion in the east, and Lozove of Kramatorsk Raion in the north. The state historic-architectural site near

1204-421: The oblast government ( Chuhuiv , Izium , Kupiansk , Liubotyn , Lozova , Pervomaiskyi , and the administrative center of the oblast, Kharkiv ). The Kharkiv oblast has a primarily industrial economy, including engineering , metallurgy , manufacturing , production of chemicals and food processing . It also has an important agricultural sector with 19,000 square kilometres of arable land (comprising 5.9% of

1247-638: The oblast. The curative areas in the oblast include the Slovyansk salt lakes and mineral water sources. The oblast also contains many park zones, some of which are of great national value. They include the Khomutivsky steppe and the Azov sea coast. Overall, Donetsk Oblast contains about 70 protected park and nature attractions including branches of the Ukrainian steppe park, six state reserves, ten memorials of nature, landscapes, and six park tracts. During

1290-519: The ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War , the regional administration was moved to Kramatorsk . Historically, the region has been an important part of the Donbas region. From its creation in 1938 until November 1961, it bore the name Stalino Oblast , in honour of Joseph Stalin . As part of the de-Stalinization process, it was renamed after the Donets river, the main artery of Eastern Ukraine . Its population

1333-601: The original name of Donetsk). During World War II , it was the site of several war crimes, including the German-perpetrated Artemivsk massacre and Soviet-perpetrated Massacre of Grischino . As part of de-Stalinization in the Soviet Union , in 1961 Stalino and Stalino Oblast were renamed Donetsk and Donetsk Oblast. During the dissolution of the Soviet Union , 83.9% of voters in Donetsk Oblast approved Ukraine's declaration of independence in

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1376-419: The population) were not polled. Kharkiv Oblast Kharkiv Oblast ( Ukrainian : Харківська область , romanized :  Kharkivska oblast ), also referred to as Kharkivshchyna ( Ukrainian : Харківщина ), is an oblast (province) in eastern Ukraine . Kharkiv borders Luhansk Oblast to the east, Donetsk Oblast to the southeast, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to the southwest, Poltava Oblast to

1419-606: The powerful " Donetsk Clan ". In late 2004, the Party of Regions was involved in the creation of a political project, the South-East Ukrainian Autonomous Republic , which was intended to include Donetsk Oblast. Having close ties with the Russian government, the Party of Regions, along with local communists and other pro-Russian activists, instigated the pro-Russian unrest which escalated into

1462-503: The region, and central government buildings were taken over by separatists in a failed attempt to create a separatist 'Kharkov's People's Republic'. The region also became a very popular destination for refugees from the Russian-occupied Donetsk and Luhansk Oblast regions. As part of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine , the Russian military launched a major military offensive in the region, which resulted in

1505-526: The region. By 3 October 2022, Russian forces had almost completely withdrawn from Kharkiv Oblast. As of 2023, fighting continues in the easternmost parts of the oblast in the Battle of the Svatove–Kreminna line . In May 2024, Russia launched a renewed offensive in Kharkiv Oblast. Its population in 2001 was 2,895,800 million (1,328,900 males (45.9%) and 1,566,900 females (54.1%)). At the 2001 census,

1548-497: The settlements it previously occupied in the oblast and the Russian Ministry of Defense announced a formal withdrawal of Russian forces from most of Kharkiv Oblast stating that an "operation to curtail and transfer troops" was underway." By 12 September 2022, as the Russian front lines in Kharkiv Oblast continued to collapse, Ukrainian forces had managed to push back to the northeastern border with Russia in some areas of

1591-417: The total arable lands of Ukraine). Agricultural production grew substantially in 2015. Also in Kharkiv is the airplane plant for space controlling systems. It is a major center for all branches of engineering, from large-scale manufacture to microelectronics. Also situated in Kharkiv Oblast is a gas field, which is one of the biggest in Ukraine. The Kharkiv Oblast has an undeveloped transport network, 60% of

1634-409: The total transportation falls on the part of the rail transport . At the end of 2020, the operational life of the salivary lines of the gas station on the territory of the Kharkiv region was 1520 km. Kharkiv Salvage University serves 10 million passengers on the river, road transport , sedation, buses - about 12 million. The largest salvage stations are Izium , Kupiansk , Liubotyn , Lozova . In

1677-584: The west, Sumy Oblast to the northwest and Russia 's Belgorod Oblast to the north. Its area is 31,400 square kilometres (12,100 sq mi), or 5.2% of the total territory of Ukraine. The oblast is the third-most populous of Ukraine, with a population of 2,598,961 in 2021, more than half (1.42 million) of whom live in the city of Kharkiv , the oblast's administrative center . Most of Ukraine's oblasts are named after their capital cities, officially called "oblast centers" ( Ukrainian : обласний центр , translit. oblasnyi tsentr ). The name of each oblast

1720-525: The world have not recognized the annexations. As of April 2024, Russia controls about 60% of the oblast. Donetsk Oblast is located in southeastern Ukraine. The area of the oblast (26,517 km ) comprises about 4.4% of the total area of the country. The oblast borders the Dnipropetrovsk and Zaporizhzhia Oblasts to the southwest, the Kharkiv Oblast to the north, the Luhansk Oblast to

1763-470: Was 74,100 children (3,400 less than in 2019). At the beginning of the 2020/21 academic year, there were 734 institutions of general secondary education in Kharkiv region, 258,800 students studied in them and 22,700 teachers (including part-time teachers) worked in them. In 2020, 14,300 graduates received a certificate of complete general secondary education. At the end of 2020, there were 39 institutions of professional (vocational and technical) education in

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1806-464: Was subsequently moved to Mariupol and then Kramatorsk . During the Russian invasion of Ukraine , the oblast again became the site of heavy fighting , and Russia later declared the annexation of the entirety of the oblast as well as three other regions, though the annexation remains internationally unrecognized. About three-fifths of the oblast is under Russian military occupation. Donetsk Oblast

1849-570: Was terminated in 1925. As part of Soviet Ukraine , Donetsk Oblast was established on 2 July 1932 out of the Kharkiv Oblast , the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast , and a number of raions that were under the direct administration of Kharkiv (then-capital of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic ). Artemivsk (today Bakhmut ) served as the oblast's administrative center for two weeks until 16 July 1932, when

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