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76-629: At their founding, they conducted an inventory of public lands within the Los Padres National Forest Monterey Ranger District. Their goal was to assess the suitability of land in the region for inclusion in federal wilderness. Their findings persuaded US Congressman Sam Farr to sponsor the Big Sur Wilderness and Conservation Act. On December 19, 2002, the Big Sur Wilderness and Conservation Act of 2002 added 33,967 acres (13,746 ha) to

152-577: A federal judge. Due to the fire risk, there are seasonal restrictions on building fires. Some portions of the forest are closed entirely to public entry during the peak fire season, which usually extends from around June 1 to mid-November. A National Forest Adventure Pass is required for parking in most locations of the Los Padres National Forest, as well as other National Forests in Southern California . The pass

228-417: A household in the city was $ 49,109, and the median income for a family was $ 58,757. Males had a median income of $ 40,410 versus $ 31,258 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 27,133. About 4.4% of families and 7.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.5% of those under age 18 and 4.8% of those age 65 or over. According to the city's 2015 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,

304-683: A light coating of snow to Monterey. In March 2006, a total of 3.2 inches (8.1 cm) fell in Monterey, including 2.2 inches (0.056 m) on March 10, 2006. The snowfall on January 21, 1962, of 1.5 inches (0.038 m), is remembered for delaying the Bing Crosby golf tournament in nearby Pebble Beach . The record lowest temperature was 26 °F (−3.3 °C) on December 24, 1998, and January 13, 2007. Annually, there are an average of 1.3 days with highs that reach or exceed 90 °F or 32.2 °C and an average of 1.5 days with lows at or below

380-438: A lone dweller who is over 64. The average household size was 2.13 and the average family size was 2.82. The age distribution is as follows: 16.6% under the age of 18, 13.1% from 18 to 24, 33.8% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 14.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.1 males. The median income for

456-509: A map of old growth redwoods in and around Big Sur as a result of his transect of the entire redwood range. The U.S. Forest Service decided in May 2020 to thin 755 acres (306 ha) of land to reduce wildfire risk most of which is within the national forest. The decision memo states the project aims to “to improve forest health by reducing mortality risk, provide safe and effective locations from which to perform fire suppression operations, to slow

532-523: A new mission in Carmel the next year to gain greater independence from Fages. The existing wood and adobe church remained in service to the nearby soldiers and became the Royal Presidio Chapel . Monterey became the capital of the "Province of Both Californias" in 1777, and the chapel was renamed the Royal Presidio Chapel . The original church was destroyed by fire in 1789 and replaced by

608-474: A population of 27,810. The population density was 2,364.0 inhabitants per square mile (912.7/km ). The racial makeup of Monterey was 21,788 (78.3%) White , 777 (2.8%) African American , 149 (0.5%) Native American , 2,204 (7.9%) Asian , 91 (0.3%) Pacific Islander , 1,382 (5.0%) from other races , and 1,419 (5.1%) from two or more races. There were 3,817 people (13.7%) of Hispanic or Latino origin, of any race. The Census reported that 25,307 people (91.0% of

684-458: A problem for a long time in the forest. The practice continues under legalization as the crops are produced for the unregulated market without testing for the illegal pesticides they may be contaminated with . These operations often use pesticides and leave piles of trash such as drip irrigation tubing. Monterey, California Monterey ( / ˌ m ɒ n t ə ˈ r eɪ / MON -tə- RAY ; Spanish : Monterrey )

760-832: A small extension into Los Angeles County in the Pyramid Lake area, between Castaic and Gorman . The Santa Ynez Mountains , which are within the Los Padres, rise above the Gaviota Coast , a series of alluvial plains along the last undeveloped stretch of the Southern California coastline. Other mountain ranges within the Los Padres include the Santa Lucia Mountains , La Panza Range , Caliente Range (a small part), Sierra Madre Mountains , San Rafael Mountains , Topatopa Mountains , and

836-1155: A tiny section of the Sierra Pelona Mountains  ; the highest parts of the forest are not within named mountain ranges, but are adjacent to the western San Emigdio Mountains and include Mount Pinos , Cerro Noroeste , and Reyes Peak . The forest is also adjacent to the Angeles National Forest , which is in Los Angeles County in Southern California and is nearby Carrizo Plain National Monument in eastern San Luis Obispo County. Forest headquarters are located in Goleta, California . There are local ranger district offices in Frazier Park , King City , Ojai , Santa Barbara, and Santa Maria . Many rivers in Southern and Central California have their points of origin within

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912-413: Is 17.11 inches (435 mm), with most occurring between October and April; little to no precipitation falls during the summer. There is an average of 72.1 days with measurable precipitation annually. Average temperatures in Monterey are similar to average temperatures found in other parts of the world with oceanic climates, including Puerto Williams , Chile , Ushuaia , Argentina , much of New Zealand ,

988-718: Is State Route 1: all residents exposed to levels greater than 65 CNEL—about 1,600 people—live near State Route 1 or one of the principal arterial streets. Monterey's climate is regulated by its proximity to the Pacific Ocean, resulting in a warm-summer Mediterranean climate ( Köppen climate classification : Csb ) although with temperatures resembling an oceanic climate . The city's average high temperatures range from 58.2 °F (14.6 °C) in December to 68.2 °F (20.1 °C) in September. Average annual precipitation

1064-601: Is a United States national forest in southern and central California . Administered by the United States Forest Service , Los Padres includes most of the mountainous land along the California coast from Ventura to Monterey , extending inland. Elevations range from sea level to 8,847 feet (2,697 m). The forest is approximately 1,950,000 acres (7,890 km ) in area, of which 1,762,400 acres (7,130 km ) or about 88% are public lands;

1140-598: Is a city in Monterey County on the southern edge of Monterey Bay on the U.S. state of California 's Central Coast . Founded on June 3, 1770, Monterey was the second permanent settlement (after San Diego ) established by Spanish explorers in what is now California. It functioned as the capital of Alta California under both Spain (1804–1821) and Mexico (1822–1846). During this period, Monterey hosted California's first theater, public building, public library, publicly funded school, printing press, and newspaper. It

1216-520: Is an early example of Monterey Colonial architecture. The Old Custom House , the historic district and the Royal Presidio Chapel are also National Historic Landmarks. The Cooper-Molera Adobe is a National Trust Historic Site. Colton Hall , built in 1849 by Walter Colton , originally served as both a public school and a government meeting place. Monterey hosted California's first constitutional convention in 1849, which composed

1292-519: Is at 26 feet (8 m) above sea level. The 2020 census recorded a population of 30,218. Monterey and the surrounding area have attracted artists since the late 19th century. Many celebrated painters and writers have lived in the area. Until the 1950s there was an abundant fishery . Monterey's present-day attractions include the Monterey Bay Aquarium , Cannery Row , Fisherman's Wharf , California Roots Music and Arts Festival , and

1368-618: Is found in Monterey's oak-forest and chaparral habitats. The chaparral, found mainly on the city's drier eastern slopes, hosts such plants as manzanita , chamise and ceanothus . Additional species of interest (that is, potential candidates for endangered species status) are the Salinas kangaroo rat and the silver-sided legless lizard. There is a variety of natural habitat in Monterey: littoral zone and sand dunes; closed-cone pine forest ; and Monterey Cypress . There are no dairy farms in

1444-466: Is geographically situated at a similar latitude within California as Death Valley ⁠   —   one of the hottest areas in the world. During winter, snow occasionally falls in the higher elevations of the Santa Lucia Mountains and Gabilan Mountains that overlook Monterey, but snow in Monterey itself is extremely rare. A few unusual events in January 1962, February 1976, and December 1997 brought

1520-496: Is land and 3.3 sq mi (8.5 km ) (28.05%) is water. Sand deposits in the northern coastal area comprise the sole known mineral resources. The city has several distinct districts, such as New Monterey , Del Monte , and Cannery Row . Local soil is Quaternary Alluvium . Common soil series include the Baywood fine sand on the east side, Narlon loamy sand on the west side, Sheridan coarse sandy loam on hilly terrain, and

1596-658: Is not required in the Monterey Ranger District including Ventana Wilderness and Silver Peak Wilderness . Restrictions were put in place at times during the COVID-19 pandemic due to crowded conditions in which people were unable to social distance and also the resulting litter and human waste that was left behind. Los Padres means "the Fathers ", referring to the Catholic missionary priests of

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1672-671: Is now Monterey harbor on December 16, and named it Puerto de Monterrey , in honor of the Conde de Monterrey , then the viceroy of New Spain . Monterrey is an alternate spelling of Monterrei , a municipality in the Galicia region of Spain from which the viceroy and his father (the Fourth Count of Monterrei) originated. Some variants of the city's name are recorded as Monte Rey and Monterey. Monterey Bay had been described earlier by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo as La Bahia de los Pinos (Bay of

1748-469: The Atlantic coast of Spain , southeastern Alaska and the western coast of Norway . Summers in Monterey are often cool and foggy. The cold surface waters cause even summer nights to be unusually cool for the latitude; this is in distinct contrast to the much warmer summer days and nights of the U.S. east coast. The extreme moderation of summer temperatures is further underlined by the fact that Monterey

1824-578: The Monterey Regional Airport , State Route 1 and major arterial streets such as Munras Avenue, Fremont Street, Del Monte Boulevard, and Camino Aguajito. While most of Monterey is a quiet residential city, a moderate number of people in the northern part of the city are exposed to aircraft noise at levels in excess of 60 dB on the Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL) scale. The most intense source

1900-467: The Spanish missions who proselytized in and around the area in the 18th and 19th centuries. Los Padres was named Santa Barbara National Forest until December 3, 1936, and was assembled from a number of smaller National Forests, including: After the consolidation of the forests, the name Santa Barbara Forest was resented by residents of the other counties for being too closely identified with just

1976-705: The Ventana Wilderness and other portions of the Los Padres Forest. In June and July, 2008, the Basin Complex Fire torched 162,818 acres (658.90 km ) in the same region. The Thomas Fire was a massive wildfire that traversed the forest within Ventura and Santa Barbara Counties. It was one of multiple wildfires that ignited in southern California in December 2017. The unusually strong and persistent Santa Ana winds were

2052-514: The "most important silva ever", and encouraged Samuel F.B. Morse (a century younger than the inventor Samuel F. B. Morse ) of the Del Monte Properties Company to explore the possibilities of preserving the unique forest communities. The dune area is no less important, as it hosts endangered species such as the vascular plants Seaside birds beak , Hickman's potentilla and Eastwood's Ericameria . Rare plants also inhabit

2128-523: The 1950s when the local fishery business collapsed due to overfishing . A few of the old fishermen's cabins from the early 20th century have been preserved as they originally stood along Cannery Row . The city has a noteworthy history as a center for California painters in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Such painters as Arthur Frank Mathews , Armin Hansen , Xavier Martinez , Rowena Meeks Abdy and Percy Gray lived or visited to pursue painting in

2204-672: The 1970s was the Ventana Wilderness in the Santa Lucia Mountains. The Los Padres Condor Range and River Protection Act of 1992 expanded existing wilderness by 84,400 acres (34,200 ha) and designated 316,050 acres (127,900 ha) of new wilderness that provides habitat for the condor. A total of 48% of the total area within the forest has a wilderness designation. Parts of the National Forest are designated as recreation areas. There are three recreation areas, Many threatened and endangered species live within

2280-610: The Berwick Canyon, Seaside, Tularcitos and Chupines faults. Monterey Bay's maximum credible tsunami for a 100-year interval has been calculated as a wave nine feet (2.7 m) high. The considerable undeveloped area in the northwest part of the city has a high potential for landslides and erosion. The city is adjacent to the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary , a federally protected ocean area extending 276 mi (444 km) along

2356-566: The Los Padres National Forest, including the Carmel , Salinas , Cuyama , Sisquoc , Santa Ynez , Coyote Creek , Sespe , Ventura , and Piru . Several wilderness areas have been set aside within the Los Padres National Forest, including the San Rafael Wilderness , the first primitive area to be included in the U.S. wilderness system after the passage of the Wilderness Act in 1964. Another large wilderness created in

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2432-749: The Los Padres, including chaparral , the common ground cover of most coastal ranges in California below about 5,000 feet (1,500 m), and coniferous forests, which can be found in abundance in the Ventana Wilderness as well as the region around Mount Pinos in northern Ventura County. Researchers estimate the extent of old growth in the forest is 18,900 acres (76 km ). It consists largely of Jeffrey pine ( Pinus jeffreyi ) forests, although old-growth coast redwood ( Sequoia Sempervirens ), coast Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii ), and white fir ( Abies concolor ) are also found there. In 2008, scientist J. Michael Fay published

2508-638: The Mexican government completed the center section in 1827, and the United States government finished the lower end in 1846. On November 24, 1818, Argentine corsair Hippolyte Bouchard landed 7 km (4.3 mi) away from the Presidio of Monterey in a hidden creek . The fort's resistance proved ineffective, and after an hour of combat the Argentine flag flew over it. The Argentines took

2584-531: The Pines). Despite the explorations of Cabrillo and Vizcaino, and despite Spain's frequent trading voyages between Asia and Mexico, the Spanish did not make Monterey Bay into a settled permanent harbor before the 18th century because it was too exposed to rough ocean currents and winds. Despite Monterey's limited use as a maritime port, the encroachments of other Europeans near California in the 18th century prompted

2660-560: The Spanish monarchy to try to better secure the region. As a result, it commissioned the Portola exploration and Alta California mission system. In 1769, the first European land exploration of Alta California , the Spanish Portolá expedition , traveled north from San Diego . They sought Vizcaíno's Port of Monterey, which he had described as "a fine harbor sheltered from all winds" 167 years earlier. The explorers failed to recognize

2736-472: The United States. In addition, many historic "firsts" occurred in Monterey. These include First theater in California , brick house, publicly funded school, public building, public library, and printing press (which printed The Californian , California's first newspaper.) Larkin House, one of Monterey State Historic Park 's National Historic Landmarks , built in the Mexican period by Thomas Oliver Larkin ,

2812-473: The annual Monterey Jazz Festival . Long before the arrival of Spanish explorers, the Rumsen Ohlone tribe, one of seven linguistically distinct Ohlone groups in California, inhabited the area now known as Monterey. They subsisted by hunting, fishing and gathering food on and around the biologically rich Monterey Peninsula . Researchers have found a number of shell middens in the area and, based on

2888-554: The archaeological evidence, concluded the Ohlone's primary marine food consisted of various types of mussels and abalone . A number of midden sites have been located along about 12 miles (19 km) of rocky coast on the Monterey Peninsula from the current site of Fishermans' Wharf in Monterey to Carmel. The city is named after Monterey Bay . The bay's name was given by Sebastián Vizcaíno in 1602. He anchored in what

2964-629: The backcountry. The Alliance began the volunteer Wilderness Ranger program in 2011. It matched about $ 60,000 in funding it received as a grant from the National Forest Foundation to train volunteers and give them tools, supplies, and travel stipends. The Forest Service provides uniforms, training facilities, and radios. The rangers educate back-country visitors in Leave No Trace principles and to clean up camps, especially at high-use areas like Sykes Hot Springs . Sykes Camp

3040-402: The beginning of October) and camped near a small lagoon which has rather muddy water, but abounds in pasture and firewood." Gaspar de Portolá returned by land to Monterey the next year, having concluded that he must have been at Vizcaíno's Port of Monterey after all. The land party was met at Monterey by Junípero Serra , who traveled by sea. Portolá erected the Presidio of Monterey to defend

3116-432: The chaparral: Hickman's onion, Yadon's piperia ( Piperia yadonii ) and Sandmat manzanita. Other rare plants in Monterey include Hutchinson's delphinium , Tidestrom lupine , Gardner's yampah and Knotweed , the latter perhaps already extinct. Monterey's noise pollution has been mapped to define the principal sources of noise and to ascertain the areas of the population exposed to significant levels. Principal sources are

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3192-401: The city for six days, during which they stole the cattle and burned the fort, the artillery headquarters, the governor's residence and the Spanish houses. The town's residents were unharmed. Mexico gained independence from Spain in 1821, but the civil and religious institutions of Alta California remained much the same until the 1830s, when the secularization of the missions converted most of

3268-432: The city of Monterey; the semi-hard cheese known as Monterey Jack originated in nearby Carmel Valley, California , and is named after businessman and land speculator David Jacks . The closed-cone pine habitat is dominated by Monterey pine , Knobcone pine and Bishop pine , and contains the rare Monterey manzanita . In the early 20th century the botanist Willis Linn Jepson characterized Monterey Peninsula's forests as

3344-471: The city was 80.8% White, 10.9% Hispanic, 7.4% Asian, 2.5% African American, 0.6% Native American, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 3.9% from other races, and 4.5% from two or more races. There were 12,600 households, out of which 21.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.5% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 48.6% were non-families. 37.0% of all households consisted of individuals, and 11.0% had

3420-434: The coast. Sometimes this sanctuary is confused with the local bay which is also termed Monterey Bay. Soquel Canyon State Marine Conservation Area , Portuguese Ledge State Marine Conservation Area , Pacific Grove Marine Gardens State Marine Conservation Area , Lovers Point State Marine Reserve , Edward F. Ricketts State Marine Conservation Area and Asilomar State Marine Reserve are marine protected areas established by

3496-454: The documents necessary to apply to the United States for statehood . Today Colton Hall houses a small museum, while adjacent buildings serve as the seat of local government, and the Monterey post office (opened in 1849). Pioneer Francis Doud built Doud House in the 1860s, situated at the present-day 117 Van Buren Street. The house is one of the earliest and most well-preserved examples of an early wood frame residences in Monterey. Monterey

3572-403: The existing wilderness bringing it to a total of 240,026 acres (97,135 ha). Following its initial organization, it focused on retiring inappropriate grazing allotments, mitigating abandoned mine sites, and cleaning up clandestine cannabis grow sites. The Alliance sued the Monterey Ranger District and the U.S. Forest Service, challenging their decision to permit grazing on public land within

3648-643: The forest. Among them is the California condor ( Gymnogyps californianus ), for whom the United States Forest Service manages the Sespe Condor Sanctuary and the Sisquoc Condor Sanctuary. Also present is the California mountain kingsnake , a California species of special concern. The American peregrine falcon is also entirely dependent on the forest for its survival. The mountain lion and California mule deer may be

3724-474: The freezing mark. Combining the records for Monterey and Monterey WFO, the wettest "rain year" on record has been from July 1997 to June 1998 with 47.15 inches or 1,197.6 millimetres of precipitation, and the driest from July 2013 to June 2014 with 7.67 inches or 194.8 millimetres. The most precipitation in one month was 13.73 inches or 348.7 millimetres in February 1998. The record maximum 24-hour precipitation

3800-647: The largest factor in the spread of the fire. The region experienced an on-and-off Santa Ana wind event for a little over two weeks, which contributed to the Thomas Fire's persistent growths in size. At its height, the wildfire was powerful enough to generate its own weather, qualifying it as a firestorm . The Forest Service conducts prescribed burns when favorable weather conditions are present; temperatures must be below 80 degrees, winds lower than 15 miles per hour and relative humidity needs to be above 20 percent. Illegal farming of cannabis in secluded areas has been

3876-758: The mission pasture lands into private land grant ranchos . In 1834, the San Carlos Cemetery was officially opened and interred many of the early local families. Monterey was the site of the Battle of Monterey on July 7, 1846, during the Mexican–American War . It was on this date that John D. Sloat , Commodore in the United States Navy , raised the U.S. flag over the Monterey Custom House and claimed California for

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3952-616: The most common large mammals. Bighorn sheep inhabit the Sespe Creek region of the forest. American black bears browse on grasses, berries , and carrion. Coyotes thrive everywhere in this forest. Bobcats can occasionally be seen in the more remote mountainous areas of the forest. Other animals found in this forest are raccoons , bluebirds , barn owls , red-tailed hawks , cottontail rabbits , bald eagles , jack rabbits , California quail , California scrub jays , and great horned owls . Many vegetation types are represented in

4028-577: The one county. Amidst public pressure, administrators therefore changed the name to Los Padres to be more representative of the regional history. Due to the very dry summers, forest fires in Los Padres National Forest are always a risk. In 1965, a truck driven by country singer Johnny Cash caught fire, and burned several hundred acres in Ventura County. In August 1977, the Marble Cone Fire burned 178,000 acres (720 km ) within

4104-534: The only surviving building from the original Monterey Presidio. The city was originally the only port of entry for all taxable goods in California. All shipments into California by sea were required to go through the Custom House , the oldest governmental building in the state and California's Historic Landmark Number One. Built in three phases, the Spanish began construction of the Custom House in 1814,

4180-499: The pale Tangair sand on hills supporting closed-cone pine habitat. The city is in a moderate to high seismic risk zone, the principal threat being the active San Andreas Fault approximately 26 miles (42 km) to the east. The Monterey Bay fault, which tracks three miles (4.8 km) to the north, is also active, as is the Palo Colorado fault seven miles (11 km) to the south. Also nearby, minor but potentially active, are

4256-460: The place when they came to it on October 1, 1769. The party continued north as far as San Francisco Bay before turning back. On the return journey, they camped near one of Monterey's lagoons on November 27, still not convinced they had found the place Vizcaíno had described. Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí noted in his diary, "We halted in sight of the Point of Pines (recognized, as was said, in

4332-526: The population) lived in households, 2,210 (7.9%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 293 (1.1%) were institutionalized. There were 12,184 households, out of which 2,475 (20.3%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 4,690 (38.5%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 902 (7.4%) had a female householder with no husband present, 371 (3.0%) had a male householder with no wife present. 4,778 households (39.2%) were made up of individuals, and 1,432 (11.8%) had someone living alone who

4408-418: The population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 15,849 people (57.0%) lived in rental housing units. As of the census of 2000, there were 29,674 people, 12,600 households, and 6,476 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,516.9 inhabitants per square mile (1,357.9/km ). There were 13,382 housing units at an average density of 1,586.0 per square mile (612.4/km ). The racial makeup of

4484-551: The port and, on June 3, 1770, Serra founded the Cathedral of San Carlos Borromeo inside the presidio enclosure. Portolá returned to Mexico, replaced in Monterey by Captain Pedro Fages , who had been third in command on the exploratory expeditions. Fages became the second governor of Alta California, serving from 1770 to 1774. Serra's missionary aims soon came into conflict with Fages and the soldiers, so he relocated and built

4560-496: The present sandstone structure. It was completed in 1794 by Indian labor. In 1840, the chapel was rededicated to the patronage of Saint Charles Borromeo . The cathedral is the oldest continuously operating parish and the oldest stone building in California. It is also the oldest (and smallest) serving cathedral along with St. Louis Cathedral in New Orleans, Louisiana . It is the only existing presidio chapel in California and

4636-719: The projects the Alliance has funded was reconstructing trails in the Silver Peak Wilderness and in the Tassajara area. They also funded reconstruction of the South Fork Trail on the south fork of the Big Sur River. That trail had become impassible from lack of maintenance. The hired a crew from American Conservation Experience who restored 3.5 miles (5.6 km) of trail, removing 72 trees across

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4712-746: The rest are privately owned inholdings . The forest is divided into two non-contiguous areas separated approximately 40 to 50 miles (64 to 80 km) from one another. The northern division lies within Monterey County and includes the Big Sur Coast and its scenic interior areas. This is a very popular area for hiking, with 323 miles (520 km) of hiking trails and 11 campgrounds (ranging from very rugged to suitable for recreational vehicles ). The larger, so called main section of Los Padres lies further south, within San Luis Obispo , Santa Barbara , Ventura and Kern Counties, with

4788-537: The spread of a wildland fire”. The Reyes Peak Forest Health and Fuels Reduction Project is roughly 30 miles (48 km) north of Ojai in the Reyes Peak area on Pine Mountain in Ventura County. Seven environmental groups, the city of Ojai and Ventura County filed three lawsuits in federal court in April 2022 to stop the brush clearance and logging operation. The suit was dismissed with prejudice on July 19, 2023 by

4864-428: The state of California in Monterey Bay. Like underwater parks, these marine protected areas help conserve ocean wildlife and marine ecosystems. The California sea otter , a threatened subspecies, inhabits the local Monterey Bay marine environment, and a field station of The Marine Mammal Center is located in Monterey to support sea rescue operations in this section of the California coast. The rare San Joaquin kit fox

4940-458: The style of either En plein air or Tonalism . Many noted authors have also lived in and around Monterey, including Robert Louis Stevenson , John Steinbeck , Ed Ricketts , Robinson Jeffers , Robert A. Heinlein , and Henry Miller . More recently, Monterey has been recognized for its significant involvement in post-secondary learning of languages other than English and its major role in delivering translation and interpretation services around

5016-498: The temporary cessation during the transition from private to public land was not sufficient to end the grazing usage and did not discontinue the use. The grazing had been "established" for purposes of the Wilderness Act, and the Alliance lost the suit and an appeal on February 26, 2009. As of 2015, over 80% of the Monterey Ranger District of Los Padres National Forest is protected by the Ventana Wilderness and Silver Peak areas. The Alliance strives to encourage government management of

5092-459: The trail in the process. Volunteers completed the rest of the trail work, re-establishing a trail the traversed the wilderness from east to west. They hired a crew from AmeriCorps NCCC to repair 1.5 miles (2.4 km) on the popular Kirk Creek Trail, which connects Highway 1 to Vicente Flat camp. The Alliance sponsors the Wild and Scenic Film Festival held each year in Santa Cruz. Los Padres National Forest Los Padres National Forest

5168-469: The wilderness lands. There were five full-time Monterey District rangers in the late 1970s, and due to severe budget restrictions and staffing shortages, As of May 2020 there are none. The Monterey Ranger District relies almost entirely on volunteers to maintain trails, clean up trash, and teach visitors to responsibly enjoy the wilderness. The Alliance recruits individuals to join its Trail Crew program and to act as voluntary Wilderness Rangers who patrol

5244-399: The wilderness. The Wilderness Act prohibits commercial enterprises on public land designated as wilderness, but permits grazing when the usage predates establishment of the wilderness. In this case grazing had occurred for over 115 years when the land was privately owned. There was a temporary cessation during which the Forest Service conducted an environmental assessment. The court ruled that

5320-441: The world. In November 1995, California Governor Pete Wilson proclaimed Monterey "the Language Capital of the World". On June 7, 2021, the macOS Monterey operating system was presented at Apple's Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC2021) and named after the Monterey region. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has an area of 11.7 sq mi (30.4 km ), of which 8.5 sq mi (21.9 km )

5396-464: Was 3.55 inches or 90.2 millimetres on December 11, 2014. The 2020 United States Census reported that Monterey had a population of 30,218 people, with 12,912 households. The racial makeup of Monterey was 71.9% White, 3.7% African American, 0.9% Native American, 7.3% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, and 7.9% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race made up 19.0% of the population. The 2010 United States Census reported that Monterey had

5472-403: Was 36.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.6 males. There were 13,584 housing units at an average density of 1,154.7 per square mile (445.8/km ), of which 4,360 (35.8%) were owner-occupied, and 7,824 (64.2%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 6.5%. 9,458 people (34.0% of

5548-416: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.08. There were 5,963 families (48.9% of all households); the average family size was 2.81. The population was spread out, with 4,266 people (15.3%) under the age of 18, 3,841 people (13.8%) aged 18 to 24, 8,474 people (30.5%) aged 25 to 44, 6,932 people (24.9%) aged 45 to 64, and 4,297 people (15.5%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

5624-656: Was heavily impacted by overuse for many years, but has been closed since the Soberanes Fire in June 2017 severely damaged the Pine Ridge Trail . Winter storms the following winter reportedly wiped out the man-made impoundments at the spring as well. The Alliance also conducts a Youth in Wilderness program to encourage the younger generation to enjoy the wilderness and take an active role to protect it. Among

5700-531: Was incorporated in 1890. Thomas Albert Work built several of the buildings in Monterey, including the three-story Del Mar hotel in 1895, at the corner of Sixteenth, and in 1900, bought into the First National Bank in Monterey, acquiring it in 1906. He was president of the bank for more than 20 years. Monterey had long been famous for the abundant fishery in Monterey Bay. That changed in

5776-548: Was originally the only port of entry for all taxable goods in California. In 1846, during the Mexican–American War of 1846–1848, the United States Flag was raised over the Customs House . After Mexico ceded California to the U.S. at the end of the war, Monterey hosted California's first constitutional convention in 1849. The city occupies a land area of 8.466 sq mi (21.93 km ) and City Hall

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