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45-592: European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder) (German: Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder) ) is a university located at Frankfurt (Oder) in Brandenburg, Germany. It is also known as the University of Frankfurt (Oder) . The city is on the Oder River, which marks the border between Germany and Poland . With 5,200 students — around 1,000 of whom come from Poland — and some 160 teaching staff,

90-457: A canonry in Magdeburg , an honorary title which he sold with the approval of the king, because he couldn't fulfill it in person. After Albinus had been the personal physician of Frederick I for five years, the governors of the University of Leiden offered him in 1702 the function of professor of theoretical and practical medicine with positive and honourable conditions, which he accepted with

135-780: A fortress ( Festung ) in an attempt to block the Red Army 's route to Berlin . The nearly empty town was burned down by the Red Army. The postwar East German–Polish border ran along the Oder, separating the Dammvorstadt on the eastern bank – which became the Polish town of Słubice – from the rest of Frankfurt. While part of communist East Germany , Frankfurt was administered within Bezirk Frankfurt (Oder) . It became part of

180-591: A professor in Leiden, while another, Christiaan Bernard Albinus , became a professor of anatomy in Utrecht , all with great fame. His epitaph was written by Herman Boerhaave and published as H. Boerhaavii Oratio Academica de vita et obitu B. Albini . Among his writings are: This article incorporates text translated from the article "Bernhardus Albinus" in the Biographisch woordenboek der Nederlanden ,

225-625: Is about 80 kilometres (50 mi) east of Berlin , in the south of the historical region Lubusz Land . Within Frankfurt's city limits lies the recreational area Lake Helenesee . The name of the city makes reference to the Franks , and means Ford of the Franks , and there appears a Gallic rooster in the coats of arms of Frankfurt and Słubice. The official name Frankfurt (Oder) and the older Frankfurt an der Oder are used to distinguish it from

270-519: Is the Fforst House, a German-Polish student project, which has been granted support by the town's administration and by the Viadrina , having been described by the former president of the university, Gesine Schwan , as the place where "Europe begins". The current mayor is René Wilke (independent, formerly Left ) since 2018. The most recent mayoral election was held on 28 February 2018 and

315-486: Is the Frankfurt Institute of Transformational Studies (FIT). The institute is a substantial contributor to research on economies in transition. The university's former president, Professor Gesine Schwan , ran for President of Germany both in 2004 and 2009, being narrowly defeated by Horst Köhler twice. Former diplomat Gunter Pleuger has served as the university's president since 1 October 2008. Pleuger

360-535: Is the fourth-largest city in the German state of Brandenburg after Potsdam , Cottbus and Brandenburg an der Havel . With around 58,000 inhabitants, it is the largest German city on the Oder River, and one of the easternmost cities in Germany. Frankfurt sits on the western bank of the Oder, opposite the Polish town of Słubice , which was a part of Frankfurt until 1945, and called Dammvorstadt until then. The city

405-698: The Duchy of Pomerania . In 1319, Wartislaw IV , Duke of Pomerania, granted new privileges to the town. The town fell again to Brandenburg in 1324. In the Late Middle Ages , the town dominated the river trade between Wrocław and Szczecin . From 1373 to 1415, along with Brandenburg, it was part of the Lands of the Bohemian Crown . In 1430, Frankfurt joined the Hanseatic League . In 1432,

450-724: The Habsburg emperor Leopold I , in order to be competitive with the newly founded University of Berlin . The merger included the transfer of the comprehensive library stocks, then with more than 28,000 volumes the second-largest in Prussia after the Königsberg State and University Library collection, up the Oder river by boat. Some of the Viadrina professors did, however, accept positions in Berlin. The old university building

495-626: The Province of Brandenburg in 1815. In the 19th century, Frankfurt played an important role in trade. Centrally positioned in the Kingdom of Prussia between Berlin and Posen (Poznań) , on the river Oder with its heavy traffic, the town housed the second-largest annual trade fair ( Messe ) of the German Reich , surpassed only by that in Leipzig . One of the main escape routes for insurgents of

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540-660: The Swedish Empire and the Holy Roman Empire . After a two-day siege, Swedish forces, supported by Scottish auxiliaries, stormed the town and destroyed many buildings, e.g. the Georgen Hospital . The result was a Swedish victory. By the end of the Thirty Years' War, the town's population had decreased from 12,000 inhabitants to 2,366 inhabitants. In the 16th century the oldest church of

585-428: The reconstituted state of Brandenburg with German reunification in 1990. In the post-communist era, following the collapse of its main employer VEB Halbleiterwerk , Frankfurt has suffered from high unemployment and low economic growth . Its population has fallen significantly from around 87,000 at the time of German reunification in 1990. The only remnant of semiconductor technology industries in Frankfurt by 2003

630-591: The Czech Hussites captured the town. In the 16th century, many Polish exports, including grain, wood, ash, tar and hemp, were floated from western Poland via Frankfurt to the port of Szczecin, with the high Brandenburgian customs duties on Polish goods lowered in the early 17th century. In April 1631, during the Thirty Years' War , Frankfurt was the site of the Battle of Frankfurt an der Oder between

675-583: The Germans brought numerous forced laborers , both men and women, from Poland and the Soviet Union to the town. In early 1945, death marches of prisoners of various nationalities from the dissolved camps in Żabikowo and Świecko to the Sachsenhausen concentration camp passed through the city. There was no fighting for the town in 1945 during World War II even though the town was declared

720-622: The Holocaust . The procession of the new Torah scroll began from the spot where the town's Frankfurter Synagogue stood prior to World War II, 500 meters from Germany's current border with Poland. Celebrants marched with the scroll into the town's Chabad -Lubavitch centre, where they danced with the Torah , which had been donated by members of the Chabad-Lubavitch community in Berlin. The Margraviate of Brandenburg's first university

765-1039: The Silesian Frederick William University in Breslau , presently the University of Wrocław . The university was refounded in 1991 with a European emphasis as the Viadrina European University , in close cooperation with the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań; they jointly run the Collegium Polonicum in Słubice. The Frankfurt (Oder) Bahnhof is a station served by the Berlin-Warszawa-Express and has regular regional connections to Magdeburg and Cottbus . Within

810-572: The St. Nicholas Church (today's Friedenskirche ) began. In 1249, the settlement became part of the Margraviate of Brandenburg . The town of Frankfurt received its charter in 1253 at the Brandendamm . The early settlers lived on the western banks of the Oder; later the town was extended to the eastern bank. After a war broke out over control of the region in 1319, the town came under the control of

855-485: The Viadrina is one of Germany's smallest universities (only the University of Erfurt and Jacobs University Bremen have fewer students). The Latin word Viadrina means "belonging to, or situated at, the Oder River"; it derives from Viadrus , the name of a presumed river god of the Oder. Actually, an ancient name of the river is not documented, it is mentioned as Oddera in the 991 Dagome iudex referring to

900-683: The city plays an important role in German–Polish relations and European integration . Frankfurt is home to the European University Viadrina , which has a campus in Słubice, the Collegium Polonicum . Prior to 1249, a West Slavic settlement named Zliwitz along with the Lubusz Land was part of the Kingdom of Poland . The Piast duke Henry the Bearded granted Zliwitz staple rights in 1225. In 1226, construction of

945-666: The city, there is a network of five tram lines . 1. FC Frankfurt is the town's local football team. Frankfurt (Oder), being located on the border to Poland, plays a special role in connection with German–Polish relations and European integration . The European University Viadrina has one of its buildings in Poland, in the neighbouring town of Słubice. The university also has a number of projects and initiatives dedicated to bringing Poland and Germany together, and offers its students pro bono Polish courses. Another project that contributes to German–Polish integration in Frankfurt (Oder)

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990-632: The consent of the king. After the king had given him a valuable golden medal with his effigy, he left with his family to Holland, followed by a large number of German students. With a speech on the origin and progress of medicine, he accepted the position on 19 October of said year, which he filled studiously and faithfully, to the glory of the university, until his death on 7 September 1721. In 1696 he married Susanna Catharina Rings, daughter of Thomas Siegfried Rings , professor of law in Frankfurt, with whom he had eleven children, four sons and seven daughters. Of those, one son, Bernhard Siegfried Albinus , became

1035-638: The death of the King on 26 April 1688, after which he returned to Frankfurt as a professor. Six years later, the government of the University of Groningen offered him the function of Provincial Doctor and professor of medicine, with a salary of 1200 Dutch guilder . Even though he was pleased with the offer, he was prevented from accepted it because of the promises and gifts from Frederick I of Prussia , son and successor of Frederick William I, who increased his yearly income with 600 guilder and in 1697 not only appointed him as his personal physician but also offered him

1080-400: The first principal university of the Margraviate of Brandenburg . The foundation stone was laid already in 1498 at the site of a demolished synagogue; a foundation charter was issued by Pope Alexander VI in the same year. The notable theologian Konrad Wimpina (c.1465–1531) became founding prorector . Construction of the main building ( Collegienhaus ) was completed in 1507. The university

1125-474: The larger city of Frankfurt am Main . The city's recorded history began in the 13th century as a West Slavic settlement. During its history, it was successively part of the Kingdom of Poland , the Margraviate of Brandenburg , the Bohemian Crown , Prussia and Germany. After World War II , the eastern part of Frankfurt became again part of Poland under the terms of the Potsdam Agreement and

1170-429: The philosopher Ulrich von Hutten (1488–1523) and the theologian and political leader Thomas Müntzer ( c. 1489–1525), the musician Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach (1714–1788), the physicians Marcus Elieser Bloch (1723–1799) and Johann Gottlieb Walter (1734–1818), Wilhelm (1767–1836) and Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859), as well as the poet Heinrich von Kleist (1777–1811). Among the notable university prorectors

1215-519: The realm of Prince Mieszko I of Poland . The Latin name was probably introduced by the Frankfurt scholar Jodocus Willich (c.1486–1552) and appeared in the Cosmographia by Sebastian Münster in 1544; the city of Frankfurt was known in Latin as Francofortum ad Viadrum . The Alma Mater Viadrina was founded on 26 April 1506 by Elector Joachim I Nestor , with permission from Pope Julius II , as

1260-489: The results were as follows: The city council governs the city alongside the mayor. The most recent city council election was held on 9 June 2024, and the results were as follows: Frankfurt (Oder) is twinned with: In recent years, Frankfurt has been the setting for several notable German films: Bernhardus Albinus Albinus was born in Dessau in the principality of Anhalt , where his father, Christoforus Albinus ,

1305-460: The sciences and languages, especially physics and philosophy, with interest. From Bremen he went to the University of Leiden , where he studies medicine under Carolus Drelincourt , Lucas Schacht and Theodorus Cranen . In 1676 he returned to Dessau, and subsequently traveled through the Netherlands, Brabant and France, where he learned medicine, anatomy and surgery. He returned to Dessau in

1350-532: The students are foreigners (mostly Polish), a greater proportion than at other German universities. Viadrina European University maintains close cooperation with Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań , Poland. The two universities jointly operate the Collegium Polonicum, located just opposite Viadrina on the Polish side of the Oder River. Notable among the research institutions at Viadrina University

1395-489: The summer of 1680, passing through Lorraine , following the Rhine, and through Holland. That same year he was promoted to professor in medicine at the University of Frankfurt on the Oder , where he started working on 13 January 1681, even though he only became a Doctor on 16 April of the following year. Frederick William I, Elector of Brandenburg appointed him as his personal physician and geheimrat , which he stayed both until

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1440-458: The teaching staff. While damages of the Thirty Years' War still had to be repaired, he had a botanical garden laid out next to the university premises. An anatomical theatre was built in 1684 at the behest of physician Bernhardus Albinus (1653–1721). The complete renovation was accomplished in 1693/94. In 1736 the eminent jurist Johann Jakob Moser was called to head the Faculty of Law at

1485-750: The town (today's Friedenskirche ) was secularized and was even used as a granary , and from the 17th century it served as the church of the French Huguenots . The city was briefly occupied by the Russian Imperial Army during the Seven Years' War , in August 1759, in the prelude to the battle of Kunersdorf . With the dissolution of the Margraviate of Brandenburg during the Napoleonic Wars , Frankfurt became part of

1530-638: The university, but had to leave after three years due to his thoroughly Liberal ideas which were disliked by the Prussian king Frederick William I . In the course of the Prussian Reforms during the Napoleonic Wars , the University of Frankfurt was moved to Breslau (present-day Wrocław, Poland) in 1811. It merged with the University of Breslau , the Leopoldina established in 1702 by

1575-570: The unsuccessful Polish November Uprising from partitioned Poland to the Great Emigration led through the city. In 1842, the Berlin–Frankfurt (Oder) railway was opened. The SS Einsatzgruppe VI was formed in the town before it entered several Polish cities, including Poznań , Kalisz and Leszno , to commit various crimes against Poles during the German invasion of Poland , which started World War II . During World War II

1620-408: Was Duke Henry Wenceslaus of Oels-Bernstadt (1592–1639) in 1608. In 1991 the university was re-established as Viadrina European University. It currently comprises three faculties: Economics and Business Studies; Law; and Cultural Studies. A prime focus of the educational program is to attract students from throughout Europe in order to create a multinational student body. Currently about 40 percent of

1665-724: Was Frankfurt's Alma Mater Viadrina, founded in 1506 by Joachim I Nestor, Elector of Brandenburg . An early chancellor, Bishop Georg von Blumenthal (1490–1550), was a notable opponent of the Protestant Reformation , as he remained a Catholic . Frankfurt also trained the noted archbishop Albert of Brandenburg around 1510, who also became a vocal opponent of the Reformation. The university was closed in 1811, and its assets divided between two new universities founded under King Frederick William III : Frederick William University of Berlin, presently Humboldt University ; and

1710-512: Was a vigorous opponent of the Protestant Reformation and did his utmost to expel Lutherans such as Jodocus Willich . (In 2018 his brother's direct descendant Julia von Blumenthal was named president of the refounded Viadrina.) In 1518 Johann Tetzel (1465–1519) obtained his doctorate at Frankfurt. Nevertheless, the university, like its Prussian counterpart, the University of Königsberg established in 1544, turned to Lutheran orthodoxy . A professor popular among students, Erdmann Copernicus ,

1755-546: Was followed by slavicist Alexander Wöll on 1 October 2014. The Viadrina European University currently offers the following study programs in English: Frankfurt (Oder) Frankfurt (Oder) , also known as Frankfurt an der Oder ( German: [ˈfʁaŋkfʊʁt ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈʔoːdɐ] , lit.   ' Frankfurt on the Oder ' ; Central Marchian : Frankfort an de Oder, Polish : Frankfurt nad Odrą )

1800-454: Was organized into four Faculties of Arts : law, theology, philosophy, and medicine. Within the first year, more than 900 students from all over Germany, Poland, Sweden, Norway, and Denmark enrolled. The Viadrina enjoyed an excellent reputation in Brandenburg and the surrounding regions, and its graduates had high positions in administration, politics, law and the church. One of its earliest chancellors, Bishop Georg von Blumenthal (1490–1550)

1845-516: Was promoted to head of university in 1573, but died in the same year. After the ruling House of Hohenzollern had converted to Calvinism , the 'Great Elector' Frederick William and his governor Prince John Maurice of Nassau-Siegen in 1655 founded the University of Duisburg , a Reformed college in the Duchy of Cleves . Frederick William also opened the Frankfurt University for Jewish students, against fierce resistance by

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1890-480: Was renamed to Słubice , while the western part of Frankfurt became a border city of the German Democratic Republic in 1949. During the communist era, Frankfurt reached a population peak with more than 87,000 inhabitants at the end of the 1980s. Following German reunification , the population decreased significantly, but has stabilized in recent years at about 58,000 inhabitants. As of 2020,

1935-517: Was taken over by the City of Frankfurt and turned into a schoolhouse. It was barely damaged in World War II and first used as a home for refugees from the former eastern territories . Afterwards the building stood empty until it was controversially demolished in the early 1960s. Only the arch of the main entrance has been preserved as a monument. Famous students at the historical Viadrina included

1980-702: Was the Innovations for High Performance Microelectronics (IHPM) institute. Today, the towns of Frankfurt and Słubice have friendly relations and run several common projects and facilities. Poland joined the European Union on 1 May 2004, and implemented the Schengen Agreement on 21 December 2007 leading to the removal of permanent border controls. In March 2008, the Jewish community of Frankfurt celebrated its first Torah dedication since

2025-449: Was the mayor. His ancestral family name, Weiss, had been changed to Albinus in the 16th century, after the fashion of the time, by his ancestor Petrus Weiss , poet and historian. In his youth, a poor physical constitution led to his being schooled at home before being sent to the public school of his city. When the scientist Hendrik Alers , head of the school, was called to the famous school of Bremen in 1669, Albinus joined him. He studied

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