Misplaced Pages

#688311

91-537: Vibranium first appeared in Daredevil #13 (February 1966), which was written by Stan Lee and layouts by Jack Kirby with finished art by John Romita . Here, vibranium was seen to be an unusual metallic element with decidedly strange properties. Since that point in Marvel Comics continuity, it has been established that there are a few variations of this element which can be found in isolated regions all around

182-528: A Daredevil . He asked me, "What would you do with this page?" I showed him on a tracing paper what I would do, and then he asked me to do a drawing of Daredevil the way I would do it. I did a big drawing of Daredevil ... just a big, tracing-paper drawing of Daredevil swinging. And Stan loved it. When Romita left to take over The Amazing Spider-Man , Lee gave Daredevil to what would be the character's first signature artist, Gene Colan , who began with issue #20 (September 1966). Though #20 identifies Colan as

273-397: A ceramic ", beyond the ability of our current material science to produce, but not beyond the ability of our current theoretical science to explain. It has been suggested that the popular culture impact of this material can make it useful as a teaching-aid when attempting to interest students in material science and related fields. Daredevil (Marvel Comics series) Daredevil

364-574: A physicist , working in the field of applied sonics. To continue his design of a sound transducer which converts sound waves into physical mass, Klaw steals the metal vibranium to power his device. This is a metal substance known to exist only in certain meteoric deposits in the small African nation of Wakanda. By stealing this rare mineral, Klaw comes into conflict with the Wakandan ruler/superhero T'Chaka , whom Klaw murders in cold blood. T'Chaka's adolescent son T'Challa , who watched his father fall to

455-410: A battle with Superior Spider-Man , Wizard loses control of Superior Carnage, who stabs Klaw with a vibranium spear, causing him to detonate. The sonic explosion tears the symbiote away from Malus, and onto Wizard, but it then abandons him for Kasady (Whom Superior Spider-Man had brought to the scene). As Carnage attempts to kill Wizard, Klaw, whose consciousness had been projected onto the "sound wall" of

546-530: A brand-new volume written by Chip Zdarsky . The primary artist on the series is Marco Checchetto. In August 2021, it was confirmed that vol. 6 of the series would end in November 2021, at issue #36. The series lead into the crossover event Devil's Reign with the same creative team. Following the conclusion of that series, Daredevil vol. 7, also written by Zdarsky, was launched in July 2022. In March 2023, it

637-483: A few issues together, but Gene was basically trying to move on at that point. He'd just started the Dracula book , and he'd been doing Daredevil for God knows how many years. I think he wanted to do something else." After six issues with fill-in pencilers, including several with Don Heck , Bob Brown took over as penciller. Tony Isabella succeeded Gerber as writer, but editor Len Wein disapproved of his take on

728-417: A fill-in penciller, Romita's work load prevented him from returning to the title, and Colan ended up penciling all but three issues through #100 (June 1973), plus the 1967 annual, followed by ten issues sprinkled from 1974 to 1979. He would return again for an eight-issue run in 1997. Lee never gave Colan a full script for an issue of Daredevil; instead, he would tell him the plot, and Colan would tape record

819-783: A flashback story that features the origin of the title character. The character ultimately resurfaces again, having (through unknown means) successfully uploaded his sound based essence onto the Internet and later been downloaded, via BitTorrent , by the Wizard to fight the Fantastic Four again as part of a new incarnation of the Frightful Four. Klaw is later seen with Wizard's Frightful Four when it comes to helping Intelligencia capture Mister Fantastic. Chameleon later poses as Klaw to infiltrate Intelligencia and be ready for

910-506: A foundation composed of vibranium. Due to this, Roxxon found it necessary to destroy the island with explosives. Unable to absorb the force of the explosions, the vibranium was destroyed, but it succeeded in entirely absorbing the sound made by the explosion, preventing damage to the surrounding area. This variety of vibranium is also a powerful mutagen . Vibranium exposure led to the mutation of many Wakandan natives. Its radiation has also permeated much of Wakanda's flora and fauna, including

1001-431: A gated community established by S.H.I.E.L.D. Courtesy of a vibranium -powered sonic converter, Ulysses Klaw was converted into a being composed of psionically "solidified" sound, giving him a somewhat inhuman appearance. The character is described as having superhuman durability and strength sufficient to lift tons of matter. The molybdenum steel sound generator that serves as a prosthetic appliance on Klaw's right wrist

SECTION 10

#1732780206689

1092-427: A global threat. Vibranium is referenced in the 2019 single Take Me Back to London by Ed Sheeran (featuring Stormzy ). It is also referenced in the bridge of the 2020 track Love Is a War by Jeremy Renner , who played Hawkeye in several Marvel Cinematic Universe films. The line is "To hit me harder, I feel nothing / And all my armor is vibranium". In 2016, Hyperloop Transportation Technologies developed

1183-481: A large variety of different backgrounds, a "lot of backgrounds and secondary figures on the fly and cobbled the cover and the splash page together from Kirby's original concept drawing". Wally Wood , known for his 1950s EC Comics stories, penciled and inked issues #5–10, introducing Daredevil's modern red costume in issue #7. Issue #7, featuring Daredevil's battle against the Sub-Mariner , has become one of

1274-418: A major part in his youth, such as Elektra , an ex-girlfriend turned lethal ninja assassin. Elektra was killed fighting Bullseye in issue #181 (April 1982), an issue which saw brisk sales. With #185, inker Janson began doing the pencils over Miller's layouts, and after #191 Miller left the series entirely. O'Neil switched from editor to writer. O'Neil was not enthusiastic about the switch, later saying "I took

1365-457: A medium that allows the propagation of sound waves (i.e. in a vacuum) without the technological improvements made to his sonic converter by AIM. But after being reconstituted by A.I.M. his "solid sound" body has different properties than normal sound waves and is not affected by a vacuum. It was demonstrated that in this form that Klaw could also generate and direct sonic attacks through physical objects without needing his emitter by merely touching

1456-540: A month or two before, and I’d fallen in love with the city as a location. I thought the idea of Daredevil, who spent so much time leaping and diving from rooftop to rooftop, doing this in such a hilly city could make for spectacular visuals. I’ll admit the idea of a blind hero jumping around the rooftops that gave Jimmy Stewart vertigo appealed to me as well. Also, it would allow him to be the costumed hero for an entire city, which would allow him to flourish without having to defer to more superpowered heroes like Spider-Man or

1547-541: A nonprofit drug and legal clinic, while Nocenti crafted stories confronting feminism , drug abuse , nuclear proliferation , and animal rights -inspired terrorism. New writer D. G. Chichester and penciler Lee Weeks continued from where Nocenti left off. The critically acclaimed "Last Rites" arc from #297–300 saw Daredevil regaining his attorney's license and finally bringing the Kingpin to justice. The creative team of Chichester and penciler Scott McDaniel changed

1638-724: A prosthetic device. He is often in conflict with the Fantastic Four and the Avengers , and he is also an enemy of the Black Panther and Ka-Zar . The character is featured in other Marvel-endorsed products such as arcade and video games , animated television series , and merchandise such as trading cards . Andy Serkis portrays Klaue in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) films Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015) and Black Panther (2018), and

1729-607: A real-world smart composite material that they named Vibranium. The lightweight carbon fiber material for the Hyperloop pods is reported to provide the passengers double protection against damage to the exterior. The company says that its Vibranium is 8 times lighter than aluminum and 10 times stronger than steel alternatives. The smart material can transmit critical information regarding temperature, stability, integrity and more, wirelessly and virtually instantly. Journalists have drawn parallels between Wakanda's vibranium reserves and

1820-537: A short backup feature he had written, new editor Denny O'Neil fired McKenzie so that Miller could write the series. The last issue of McKenzie's run plugs a two-part story which was pulled from publication, as its mature content encountered resistance from the Comics Code Authority , though part one eventually saw print in Daredevil #183, by which time Code standards had relaxed. Miller continued

1911-415: A similar superhuman strength level as Klaw himself. Klaw is unable to regain his original organic form. He has a susceptibility to vibranium, which can cause his mass/energy form to temporarily collapse. He is also subject to temporary mild insanity when forced to exist as sonic energy without humanoid form for long periods of time. As a result of his transformation, Klaw was at first unable to exist outside

SECTION 20

#1732780206689

2002-642: A single series, but the addition of the Black Widow revitalized interest in the comic. Due to the Comics Code Authority 's restrictions on the depiction of cohabitation , the stories made explicit that though Daredevil and the Black Widow were living in the same apartment, they were sleeping on separate floors, and that Natasha's guardian Ivan Petrovich was always close at hand. Steve Gerber came on board with issue #97, initially scripting over Conway's plots, but Gene Colan's long stint as Daredevil's penciler had come to an end. Gerber recollected, "Gene and I did

2093-662: A vibranium alloy. Encountering the Thing , the Human Torch , and the Black Panther, Klaw is defeated. Klaw later joins forces with the murderous Solarr and traps the Avengers within a solid sound barrier. Klaw threatens to execute them if the Black Panther did not abdicate the throne of Wakanda to him. Realizing that Klaw himself is disguised as one of the hostages while using a sound creation of himself to appear outside

2184-432: Is able to transform ambient sound to perform a series of functions, including the projection of intense high-volume sonic waves and blasts of concussive force and the creation of mobile sound/mass constructs. The sound converter was invented by Klaw and later improved by AIM scientists and technicians. Klaw can also sense his surroundings using sonar. When he fought Volcana while trying to abduct Molecule Man he demonstrated

2275-776: Is called NuForm, which featured in the Vibranium Vendetta event of Marvel Comics imprint, created by the Roxxon Corporation for unknown reasons. It possesses the properties of Wakandan vibranium but tends to degrade into Antarctic vibranium unless tempered with microwave radiation. The second is Reverbium, a dangerous artificial brand created at Horizon Labs by Professor Sajani Jaffrey. Unlike standard vibranium, it rapidly amplifies sound energy before exploding. Max Modell , head scientist of Horizon, ordered it to be destroyed, but Jaffrey held on to some of it without her team's knowledge. Reverbium would turn up again in

2366-464: Is found by Doctor Doom during the limited series Secret Wars . Doom restores Klaw to normal. The loss of his physical form has had repercussions; Klaw now has the mind of a child and is quite insane, a symptom of which is speaking in rhyme. Doom exploits Klaw's madness, convincing the villain to re-dissect him as part of a mad gambit to steal the powers of both Galactus and the Beyonder . However,

2457-556: Is stored within the bonds between the molecules that make up the substance. As a result, kinetic energy is dissipated within the bonds instead. There are limits to the capacity of the energy that can be stored, and although the exact limitations are not yet known, there have been a few examples. One such instance was when the Roxxon Energy Corporation discovered that a small island in the South Atlantic had

2548-404: Is the name of several comic book titles featuring the character Daredevil and published by Marvel Comics , beginning with the original Daredevil comic book series which debuted in 1964. While Daredevil had been home to the work of comic-book artists such as Everett, Kirby, Wally Wood , John Romita Sr. , Gene Colan , and Joe Quesada , among others, Frank Miller 's influential tenure on

2639-457: The Acts of Vengeance story line, Klaw is taken in by A.I.M. , who plant a pain-control device into his gun-hand to control him. He is then sent to attack the reformed supervillainess Volcana , in hopes of luring out her lover Molecule Man but abandons the battle when his gun-hand is destroyed. Klaw is later recruited by the " Pacific Overlords " group, led by Doctor Demonicus , but turns against

2730-650: The All-New, All-Different Marvel branding, written by Charles Soule with art by Ron Garney with the first two issues released in December 2015. Charles Soule released his final Daredevil storyline "Death of Daredevil" during the October and November 2018 releases, in a 4-part bimonthly release which ended the series. Afterwards the series went on hiatus for two months and resumed distribution in February 2019, with

2821-677: The Disney+ series What If...? (2021). The character first appeared in Fantastic Four #53 ( 1966 ) and was created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby . Ulysses Klaue is the son of Nazi war criminal Colonel Fritz Klaue of the Blitzkrieg Squad led by Baron Strucker . He was sent by Adolf Hitler to Wakanda to learn their secrets. After World War II , he moved back to Belgium , later anglicized his name to "Klaw", and raised his son with tales of Wakanda. Klaw later becomes

Vibranium - Misplaced Pages Continue

2912-529: The Human Torch (whose powers had gone out of control), Klaw throws The Thing into the medical pod that was attempting to drain the excess radiation from Torch, resulting in Ben Grimm being returned to normal. Klaw and his teammates, along with the Fantastic Four, are quickly captured by the rogue Watcher Aron , who ultimately returns Klaw and his fellow villains to prison after the Fantastic Four break free. Klaw's imprisonment would not last. Escaping during

3003-652: The Marvel Universe . Vibranium appears in Marvel: Ultimate Alliance 2 . A nanite-based artificial intelligence known as "the Fold" attempts to harvest Vibranium in Wakanda in order to construct communication towers around the world, spreading its control signal globally. While the heroes manage to thwart the invasion, they are unable to prevent the Fold from constructing enough towers to make it

3094-620: The Molecule Man . Helping the Molecule Man find a body to possess, Klaw and his new ally travel to New York to wreak revenge on their common enemy, the Fantastic Four. Klaw is subdued by the visiting Impossible Man . Klaw finds his powers waning, which results in him having to manipulate a group of street youths into helping him gain the material needed to restore his power. With Black Panther's help, Klaw's scheme backfires. He finds himself imprisoned within his own gun-hand, stored at

3185-608: The Sinister Six to attack them. Klaw is enlisted by the Wizard to capture Carnage , so that he can be added to the latest version of the Frightful Four, alongside Karl Malus . The Wizard's attempts to control the symbiote (which is in control of Kasady's lobotomised body) fail, so he decides to bond it to Malus, and subdue his mind. Klaw subdues Malus, and the operation is a success, creating "Superior Carnage". The "Frightful Foundation" then attack New York city hall, as part of Wizard's plan to get his clone son's attention. During

3276-625: The status quo with their "Fall From Grace" storyline in issues #319–325 (August 1993 – February 1994). Elektra , who was resurrected in #190 but had not been seen since, finally returned. Under writers Karl Kesel and later Joe Kelly , the title gained a lighter tone, with Daredevil returning to the lighthearted, wisecracking hero depicted by earlier writers. Gene Colan returned to the series during this time, but though initially enthusiastic about drawing Daredevil again, he quit after seven issues, complaining that Kesel and Kelly's scripts were too " retro ". In 1998, Daredevil ' s numbering

3367-464: The Avengers. The Avengers, however, defeat them, with the Black Panther subduing Klaw. Klaw would attempt to reform the second Masters of Evil to fight the Avengers, but his scheme would be foiled by the all-female team the Lady Liberators . Managing to escape custody again, Klaw journeys back to Wakanda where he helps steal a device capable of augmenting the metal-disintegrating property of

3458-532: The Beyonder possesses Klaw after losing his powers, leading to Klaw tricking Doom into giving up his stolen Godhood and teleporting the two back to Earth, where Klaw's mental state slowly heals. Klaw fights Daredevil and Vision , before being recruited by the Wizard to join his latest incarnation of the Frightful Four. Attacking the Fantastic Four while the group are performing a delicate scientific procedure on

3549-559: The Fantastic Four. Concerning the Black Widow, he said, "I was a fan of Natasha [Romanoff, the Black Widow], and thought she and Daredevil would have interesting chemistry." She served as Daredevil's co-star and love interest from #81–124 (November 1971–August 1975), of which #92-107 were cover-titled Daredevil and the Black Widow . The series had been suffering from slowly declining popularity, and in November 1971 Marvel announced that Daredevil and Iron Man would be combined into

3640-811: The Heart-Shaped Herb eaten by members of the Black Panther Tribe and the flesh of the White Gorilla eaten by the members of the White Gorilla Tribe. Both give superhuman abilities to whoever eats them. It is also believed to dramatically enhance mystical energies. Better known as Anti-Metal, this isotope is native to the Savage Land. The variation produces vibrations of a specific wavelength that break down molecular bonds in other metals, causing them to liquefy . It

3731-637: The Sheenarean to the Savage Land where there is a vibranium deposit large enough to create the portal. After Ka-Zar repulses the invaders, Klaw flees into the Sheenarean dimension, and unable to salvage anything substantial from his allies, uses their technology to return to Earth. Materializing in the Nexus of All Realities located in the Florida Everglades, Klaw happens upon the wand of

Vibranium - Misplaced Pages Continue

3822-507: The Widow from the series. Wolfman's 20-issue run included the introduction of one of Daredevil's most popular villains, Bullseye . He was dissatisfied with his work and quit, later explaining, "I felt DD needed something more than I was giving him. I was never very happy with my DD—I never found the thing that made him mine the way Frank Miller did a year or two later. So I was trying to find things to do that interested me and therefore, I hoped,

3913-605: The ability to create "cohesive sound". This was essentially an entangling/crushing construct that absorbed ambient noise to increase its size and strength. The noise from the target's struggles to remove the construct would make it larger and stronger. Volcana was only able to escape it by changing into her ash form. After Klaw became temporarily commingled with the ship of the cosmic entity Galactus and reconstructed by Doctor Doom , he became able to create semi-autonomous creatures that he could direct to attack his foes and his creatures are similarly made of solidified sound and display

4004-425: The acclaimed " Daredevil: Born Again " storyline in #227–233. Miller intended to produce an additional two-part story with artist Walt Simonson but the story was never completed and remains unpublished . Three fill-in issues followed before Steve Englehart (under the pseudonym "John Harkness") took the post of writer, only to lose it after one issue due to a plot conflict with one of the fill-ins. Ann Nocenti

4095-512: The barrier, the Panther manages to expose and subdue Klaw and Solarr before he could make good on his threat. Klaw is later freed from prison by a member of the extra dimensional race of Sheenareans , who wish him to use his sonic powers to help open a dimensional portal big enough for their invading armada to enter Earth. Klaw agrees and after a skirmish with Ka-Zar in London , he travels with

4186-526: The cancer and restore his shield. In the Marvel Comics Universe , vibranium is a rare metallic substance of extraterrestrial origin. It exists in many forms: Wakandan Vibranium is the most common variety, and is often referred to simply as "vibranium". It is a rare substance only found in Wakanda. The Wakandan isotope possesses the ability to absorb all vibrations in the vicinity as well as kinetic energy directed at it. The energy absorbed

4277-426: The character as a "compelling, layered and visually striking character". IGN ranked Daredevil as the third best series from Marvel Comics in 2006 Comic Book Resources ranked Daredevil as the 13th-best Marvel superhero, but said it had the best overall comic runs because "writers have been able to craft their vision as intended, which isn't always possible with more well-known titles". The series has also won

4368-401: The comics, a different variety of vibranium found in Wakanda absorbs sound waves and other vibrations, including kinetic energy. Absorbing sound waves, vibrations, and kinetic energy makes this metal stronger. To protect this resource, Wakandans concealed their country from the outside world. Wakandan king T'Chaka funded his country's education by occasionally selling off minuscule quantities of

4459-405: The context of the 2018 film Black Panther , that "Fundamental disagreements about vibranium’s existence and use drive the film’s plot, but the mythology and history of vibranium are even more essential to understanding how and why characters like Klaue, Killmonger , T'Challa , and Shuri treat vibranium the way they do", concluding that "Vibranium, from a narrative point of view, simply represents

4550-413: The conversation to refer to while drawing the issue, leaving Lee to add the script in afterwards. Though Colan is consistently credited as penciler only, Lee would typically give him the freedom to fill in details of the plot as he saw fit. Lee explained "If I would tell Gene who the villain was and what the problem was, how the problem should be resolved and where it would take place, Gene could fill in all

4641-723: The course of issues #153–163. Halfway through his run, McKenzie was joined by penciler Frank Miller , who had previously drawn Daredevil in The Spectacular Spider-Man #27 (February 1979), with issue #158 (May 1979). Sales had been declining since the end of the Wolfman/Brown run, and by the time Miller became Daredevil's penciler, the series was in danger of cancellation. Moreover, Miller disliked Roger McKenzie's scripts, and Jim Shooter (who had since become Marvel's editor-in-chief) had to talk him out of quitting. Seeking to appease Miller, and impressed by

SECTION 50

#1732780206689

4732-412: The details. Which made it very interesting for me to write because when I got the artwork back and had to put in the copy, I was seeing things that I'd not expected." The 31-issue Lee/Colan run on the series included Daredevil #47, in which Murdock defends a blind Vietnam veteran against a frameup ; Lee has cited it as the story he is most proud of out of his entire career. With issue #51, Lee turned

4823-611: The element deep within certain extraterrestrial biospheres, as was the case with a refugee planet that the Spartax Empire tried reclaiming during Captain Marvel 's space travels. In the wake of the continuity-wide spanning reboot of the Marvel multiverse chronicled in Secret Wars: Battleworld , vibranium's abundance in Wakanda and beyond has re-flourished to sizable quantities, and the mutant criminal Vanisher

4914-458: The following awards: Daredevil's comic series has been collected into many trade paperbacks, hardcovers and omnibuses. Klaw (character) Klaw ( Ulysses Klaue ) is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character is depicted as a human physicist who has been transformed into solid sound, and who wears a sonic emitter on his right wrist as

5005-474: The gig mostly because there didn't seem to be (m)any other viable candidates for it." He continued McKenzie and Miller's noir take on the series, but backed away from the antihero depiction of the character. Janson left shortly after Miller, replaced initially by penciler William Johnson and inker Danny Bulanadi, who were both supplanted by David Mazzucchelli . Miller returned as the title's regular writer, co-writing #226 with O'Neil. Miller and Mazzucchelli crafted

5096-491: The greatest creative tenures in Marvel history" and commented that it rivaled Frank Miller 's work. Writer Ed Brubaker and artist Michael Lark became the new creative team with Daredevil vol. 2 #82 (February 2006), no longer under the Marvel Knights imprint. The series returned to its original numbering with issue #500 (October 2009), which followed vol. 2 #119 (August 2009). New writer Andy Diggle revised

5187-644: The group and instead aids the West Coast Avengers in defeating them when it becomes apparent that Demonicus had become a thrall of a dangerous demon. He later joins Justine Hammer 's version of the Masters of Evil, fighting the Thunderbolts on several occasions. When Earth's vibranium deposits begin to explode due to a 'vibranium cancer' introduced into the world when Captain America's shield

5278-546: The hands of A.I.M. under the influence of Klaw , who used it to enhance his powers. Famed Wakandan scientist and Wakanda University professor Obinna Nwabueze discovered a new form of vibranium in the Echo Chamber, a cave used for training by the Dora Milaje . This variety of Vibranium possesses limited sentience and can attune itself to the environment to cause a variety of effects. Vibranium appears frequently in

5369-642: The identity of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents and enslaved natives of the Savage Land to mine Anti-Metal. They also invaded Wakanda. The Wakandans successfully repelled the attack. When Wakanda was politically overtaken by the xenophobic Desturi, they granted Doctor Doom access to the country's vibranium vaults. Fearing Doom would use it to amplify his mystical energies, T'Challa activated a failsafe he had developed that rendered all processed vibranium inert. The rumors about its alien origin had later been proven true, as while most of earth's vibranium had been all but liquidated, certain planetary systems carry an ample supply of

5460-436: The invaders, then attacks Klaw to avenge his father. Klaw manages to escape at the cost of his right hand. Years later, Ulysses resurfaces with a sonic emitter/gun on his right wrist as a replacement prosthetic device for his missing hand, that can create any kind of object or creature he can conceive by only using sound. He has also created a device that turns him into a being composed solely of sound, making him immortal in

5551-540: The material. Klaw holds a Ph.D. in physics and is an expert physicist specializing in applied sonics. In the Heroes Reborn universe, created by Franklin Richards , Klaw appears as a member of Loki 's Masters of Evil . Ulysses Klaue appears in media set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), portrayed by Andy Serkis . This version is an Afrikaner arms dealer and an old acquaintance of Tony Stark who

SECTION 60

#1732780206689

5642-434: The metal. As a result, Wakanda is one of the world's most technologically advanced nations. During the early 1940s, a small amount of Wakandan vibranium came into the possession of the scientist Myron MacLain. He tried to combine vibranium with iron to form a new tank armor, but was unable to fuse the elements. One morning, he found that the two materials had bonded on their own in an unknown manner. The ultra-resilient alloy

5733-535: The mid-1980s, he sold small quantities of it to foreigners who, he believed, would not use it to harmful ends. T'Challa used the profits to enrich and modernize his nation. Over the years, many have tried to obtain or affect the mound of vibranium at Wakanda, but for the most part Wakanda has kept it safe, and become quite powerful in the process. During the Secret Invasion of Earth, the Skrulls assumed

5824-631: The mine Shinkolobwe in Haut-Katanga Province , also in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The concept of vibranium as an extremely valuable material, monopolized and mastered by the African civilization of Wakanda, has been subject to scholarly analysis. Several studies have looked at it from the perspective of cultural studies and literary criticism, including tying it to the genre of afrofuturism . Alessio Gerola noted in

5915-488: The mining of coltan in the Democratic Republic of Congo . Coltan is an ore containing niobium and tantalum , two rare and valuable metals, and its exploitation is linked with child-labor, systematic exploitation of the population by governments or militant groups, exposure to toxic chemicals and other hazards; see coltan mining and ethics . Historian Thomas F. McDow draws a parallel to uranium , found in

6006-458: The most iconic and reprinted stories of the series. Issue #12 began a brief run by Jack Kirby (layouts) and John Romita Sr. The issue marked Romita's return to superhero penciling after a decade of working exclusively as a romance -comic artist for DC. Romita had felt he no longer wanted to pencil, in favor of being solely an inker. He recalled in 1999, I had inked an Avengers job for Stan, and I told him I just wanted to ink. I felt like I

6097-405: The power of possibilities and the disagreements that arise about the “great responsibilities” that follow from such “great powers”. It has been also analyzed with regards to its physical properties as a type of supermaterial. In 2017 Mark J. Whiting concluded that vibranium, as described in fiction, is not unrealistic, and resembles "a high-entropy shape-memory alloy composite , reinforced with

6188-579: The process. Klaw as a professional criminal battles T'Challa (who has now officially become the newest Black Panther ) and superhero team the Fantastic Four in New York state, but he is defeated. Klaw is imprisoned but freed by the Crimson Cowl , which turns out to be an alias of Ultron . Joining the second incarnation of the Masters of Evil , Klaw and the other villains battle superhero team,

6279-469: The readers. Ultimately, I couldn't find anything that made DD unique to me and asked off the title." His departure coincided with Brown's death from leukemia . With issue #144, Jim Shooter became the writer and was joined by a series of short-term pencilers, including Gil Kane , who had been penciling most of Daredevil's covers since #80 but had never before worked on the comic's interior. The series's once-solid sales began dropping during this period, and

6370-662: The research facility Project Pegasus . In Marvel Two-in-One #57-58 (Nov.-Dec 1979), Klaw is freed by fellow villain Solarr , although both are defeated by a group of heroes, including the Thing , Quasar , Giant-Man , and Aquarian . After that, Klaw fights the Thing, Ka-Zar, and American Eagle . Klaw's career soon takes a downward spiral, after an encounter with the mutant Dazzler results in his humanoid form being dissolved and his sound energy being blasted out into space, where it ends up being collected by Galactus . His energy

6461-452: The series and sent him off after only five issues, planning to write it himself. Instead, he ended up handing both writing and editing jobs to his friend Marv Wolfman with issue #124, which introduced inker Klaus Janson to the title. It also wrote the Black Widow out of the series and returned Daredevil to Hell's Kitchen; the post-Conway writers had all felt that Daredevil worked better as a solo hero, and had been working to gradually remove

6552-760: The seven-issue "Parts of a Hole" (vol. 2 #9–15). David Mack brought independent-comics colleague Brian Michael Bendis to Marvel to co-write the following arc, "Wake Up" in vol. 2 #16–19 (May 2001 – August 2001). Following Mack and Bendis were Back to the Future screenwriter Bob Gale and artists Phil Winslade and David Ross for the story "Playing to the Camera". Mack continued to contribute covers, while Brian Michael Bendis wrote further stories such as Daredevil: Ninja . Issue #26 (December 2001) brought back Brian Michael Bendis , working this time with artist Alex Maleev . IGN called Bendis's four-year-run "one of

6643-457: The shield. This created a vibranium "cancer", a shock wave propagating throughout the world. It violently detonated any vibranium it found, from mineral deposits to components of ships or equipment. The shock wave was traveling to the "Great Vibranium Mound" in Wakanda, where the resulting explosion could destroy the world. With the unwitting aid of the villain Klaw , Captain America was able to stop

6734-499: The status quo, with Daredevil assuming leadership of the ninja army the Hand . Following this came the crossover story arc " Shadowland ". Murdock then leaves New York, leaving his territory in the hands of the Black Panther in the briefly retitled series' Black Panther: Man Without Fear #513–523. In July 2011, Daredevil relaunched with vol. 3 #1 (September 2011), with writer Mark Waid and penciler Paolo Rivera . Waid said he

6825-555: The title in a similar vein to McKenzie. Resuming the drastic metamorphosis the previous writer had begun, Miller took the step of essentially ignoring all of Daredevil's continuity prior to his run on the series; on the occasions where older villains and supporting cast were used, their characterizations and history with Daredevil were reworked or overwritten. Spider-Man villain Kingpin was introduced as Daredevil's new nemesis, displacing most of his large rogues gallery. Daredevil himself

6916-495: The title in the early 1980s cemented the character as a popular and influential part of the Marvel Universe . Daredevil debuted in Marvel Comics ' Daredevil #1 ( cover date April 1964), created by writer-editor Stan Lee and artist Bill Everett , with character design input from Jack Kirby , who devised Daredevil's billy club. When Everett turned in his first-issue pencils extremely late, Marvel production manager Sol Brodsky and Spider-Man co-creator Steve Ditko inked

7007-461: The unique attribute of being able to absorb sound. This is the variation which is most often identified in continuity as simply "vibranium". In the Marvel Universe , vibranium was first deposited on Earth by a meteorite 10,000 years ago. In the comics, the first documented discovery of vibranium was during a human expedition to Antarctica. This particular isotope of vibranium was called "Anti-Metal" due to its property of dissolving other metals. In

7098-477: The universe by the explosion, focuses the last of his strength into creating a bolt of lightning that brings down Carnage, separating the symbiote from its host. Klaw reflects that that could be his final act, as his essence spreads further into the sound wall, and will soon be too thin for him to retain his consciousness. During the Avengers: Standoff! storyline, Klaw is an inmate of Pleasant Hill,

7189-489: The world. The variation first introduced in Daredevil #13 eventually became known as Anti-Metal. This variation is different in that it can cut through any known metal. In the Marvel Universe , Anti-Metal can traditionally be found only in Antarctica. Later in Fantastic Four #53 (August 1966), by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby , a new variation of vibranium was introduced in the isolated nation of Wakanda. This variation had

7280-598: The writing chores over to Roy Thomas (who succeeded him on a number of Marvel's titles), but would remain on board as editor for another 40 issues. 18-year-old Gerry Conway took over as writer with issue #72, and turned the series in a pulp science fiction direction. He also moved Daredevil to San Francisco beginning with Daredevil #87, and simultaneously brought on the Black Widow as co-star. Conway explained, I’d just spent some time in San Francisco

7371-473: Was absconding and selling Wakandan vibranium on the black market in New York City. When a small sub-molecular imperfection was introduced into Captain America's shield, each impact over the years spread to neighboring molecules. It grew until the molecular bonds of the shield were completely broken down, shattering the shield. The shattering effect continued to spread to other vibranium, unconnected to

7462-621: Was announced Zdarsky's time on Daredevil would end in August 2023. In May 2023, it was announced that Saladin Ahmed would serve as the writer of Daredevil vol. 8 and that Aaron Kuder serving as illustrator. The first issue is set to debut in September 2023. Empire praised Frank Miller's era, and referenced Brian Michael Bendis, Jeph Loeb, and Kevin Smith's tenures on the series, describing

7553-429: Was broken and improperly repaired, Klaw travels to Wakanda with the goal of absorbing the sound energy of the imminent explosion to become even stronger. Captain America is able to defeat him when he uses the damaged shield to absorb Klaw's attack. The blast realigns the shield molecules so that the shield is repaired and the vibranium cancer destroyed. Klaw features in the opening arc of the fourth Black Panther series,

7644-456: Was brought on as a fill-in writer but became the series's longest-running regular writer, with a four-and-a-quarter-year run from #238 to #291 (January 1987 – April 1991). The shuffle of short-term artists continued for her first year, until John Romita Jr. joined as penciller from #250 to #282 (January 1988 – July 1990) alongside inker Al Williamson , who stayed on through #300. The team returned Murdock to law by co-founding with Page

7735-420: Was burned out as a penciller after eight years of romance work. I didn't want to pencil any more; in fact, I couldn't work at home any more – I couldn't discipline myself to do it. He said, 'Okay,' but the first chance he had he shows me this Daredevil story somebody had started and he didn't like it, and he wanted somebody else to do it. Romita later elaborated: Stan showed me Dick Ayers ' splash page for

7826-444: Was downgraded to bi-monthly status with issue #147. Shooter still had difficulty keeping up with the schedule, and the writing chores were shortly turned over to Roger McKenzie . McKenzie's work on Daredevil reflected his background in horror comics, and the stories and even the character himself took on a much darker tone. McKenzie created chain-smoking Daily Bugle reporter Ben Urich , who deduces Daredevil's secret identity over

7917-556: Was first discovered by explorer Robert Plunder, the father of Kevin and Parnival Plunder . Wakandan vibranium can be transformed into Antarctic vibranium through exposure to certain kinds of radiation. Much like Wakandan vibranium, Antarctic vibranium can cause human mutations. One person who donned an Anti-Metal full body suit for protection against Moon Knight began to emit the same radiation he had intended to weaponize. There are at least two forms of man-made vibranium created outside of Wakanda through various means. The first variant

8008-454: Was gradually developed into an antihero . Comics historian Les Daniels noted that "Almost immediately, [Miller] began to attract attention with his terse tales of urban crime." Miller's revamping of the title was controversial among fans, but it clicked with new readers, and sales began soaring, the comic returning to monthly status just three issues after Miller came on as writer. Miller introduced previously unseen characters who had played

8099-473: Was interested in "tweaking the adventure-to-depression ratio a bit and letting Matt win again". Daredevil vol. 3 ended at issue #36 in February 2014. Daredevil vol. 4 launched under Waid and Chris Samnee with a new issue #1 (March 2014) as part of the All-New Marvel NOW! storyline. Daredevil vol. 4 officially ended with issue #18 in September 2015. Daredevil vol. 5 began as part of

8190-534: Was rebooted, with the title "canceled" with issue #380 and revived a month later as part of the Marvel Knights imprint. Joe Quesada drew the new series, written by filmmaker Kevin Smith . Its first story arc, " Guardian Devil ", depicts Daredevil struggling to protect a child whom he is told could either be the Messiah or the Anti-Christ . Smith was succeeded by writer-artist David Mack , who contributed

8281-407: Was used to create Captain America's shield . MacLain worked for decades (without success) to duplicate the accident. However, during an experiment in the 1960s, he developed the virtually indestructible metal adamantium . When T'Challa became the king of Wakanda, he strove to end his country's isolation from the rest of the world. Making the existence of vibranium known to the outside world around

#688311