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43-521: The municipality of Villa González Ortega is located at an elevation between 2,000 and 2,400 metres (6,600–7,900 ft) on the Mexican Plateau in southeastern Zacatecas. It borders the Zacatecan municipalities of Noria de Ángeles to the south, Ojocaliente to the southwest, and General Pánfilo Natera to the northwest. It also borders the municipalities of Villa de Ramos and Salinas in

86-538: A survey conducted by the magazine The Investor , San Luis Potosí and its metropolitan area was the third-best place to live in Mexico. San Luis Potosí features a cold semi-arid climate (BSk) under the Köppen climate classification . Its high altitude means that the city experiences only a handful of hot days each year. While the climate exhibits noticeably cooler (January and February) and warmer periods (April and May) of

129-488: Is considered the most modern building in the city. There are currently two buildings under construction and five buildings in the project. Corporate Tangamanga, which measured 41 m, will have 14 floors; its construction began in 2005 and will end in 2008. This building houses offices and mixed Star Medical Tower, 40 m and will have 8 floors. The principal commercial centers of the city are Plaza Tangamanga, Plaza el Dorado, Plaza Sendero, Plaza Citadella and Plaza San Luis. In

172-503: Is home to its biggest metro areas of Guadalajara , León , Querétaro , Morelia , Mexico City , Toluca , Cuernavaca , and Puebla . The Mesa del Norte or northern plateau averages 1,100 metres (3,600 ft) in elevation above mean sea level and extends south from the Rio Grande (Río Bravo del Norte) through the states of Chihuahua , Coahuila , Durango , Zacatecas and San Luis Potosí . Various narrow, isolated ridges cross

215-560: Is in the city. Based on a Jesuit College founded in 1624, the Instituto Científico y Literario was raised to the category of a university in 1923, and is recognized as one of Latin America's best universities. With a population of approximately one million inhabitants, it is now the twelfth largest metropolitan area in Mexico. The city is a major commercial and industrial center. It lies in an economically advantageous area at

258-401: Is interrupted by small hills and plateaus. There are no permanent rivers in the municipality. Villa González Ortega has a temperate semi-arid climate with dry winters. Average temperatures in the municipality range between 14 and 18 °C (57–64 °F), and average annual precipitation ranges between 300 and 500 millimetres (12–20 in). Villa González Ortega is situated in an area that

301-686: Is located in the main house of the former hacienda . The current president of the municipality is Ronal García Reyes. In the 2020 Mexican Census, Villa González Ortega recorded a population of 13,208 inhabitants living in 3492 households. The 2010 Census recorded a population of 12,893 inhabitants in Villa González Ortega. There are 31 inhabited localities in the municipality, of which two are classified as urban: The main economic activities in Villa González Ortega are agriculture and livestock farming. The main crops grown are corn, beans, grapes, and alfalfa. Federal Highway 49 runs through

344-572: Is located, were inhabited by Chichimeca . Chichimeca is a generic term given to various nomadic ethnicities which inhabited the northern fringes of the Aztec Empire, which is now northern Mexico. As they were nomadic peoples, they did not build large cities nor have permanent settlements like most Mesoamerican civilizations. They are described by historians as very warlike peoples, living in continual wars among themselves. These tribes spoke different languages but their customs were similar. After

387-584: Is mostly covered by deserts and xeric shrublands , with pine-oak forests covering the surrounding mountain ranges and forming sky islands on some of the interior ranges. The Mexican Altiplano is one of six distinct physiographic sections of the Basin and Range Province , which in turn is part of the Intermontane Plateaus physiographic division. In phytogeography , the Sonoran Desert

430-484: Is part of the macroregion of Bajío . The city is named after Louis IX of France (also known in Mexico as San Luis Rey de Francia , Saint Louis, King of France), who is the city's patron saint . Potosí was added in reference to the fabulously rich mines of Potosí , Bolivia , discovered some forty years before the city was founded, as the exploitation of silver and gold mines in Cerro de San Pedro , near San Luis,

473-454: Is the site of a cathedral and governor's palace (1770). The nearby "Templo de Nuestra Señora del Carmen," with its colorful tiled domes and famous altars, is considered among Mexico's finest churches. In addition, San Luis is home to the bullring Plaza de Toros Fermin Rivera. Outside the center, a modern industrial city has begun to grow. The Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí (UASLP)

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516-729: Is within the Sonoran Floristic Province of the Madrean Region in southwestern North America , part of the Holarctic realm of the northern Western Hemisphere . While the plateau stretches from north to south, the southern east-west arc of the Central Mexican Plateau from Jalisco to Veracruz states historically as well as today has served as the population nexus of the Mexican nation, it

559-538: The Liberal forces in the Reform War , and governor of Zacatecas from 1858 to 1864. In 1967, a water supply, electrical grid and health clinic were built in the municipal seat. The municipal government of Villa González Ortega comprises a president, a councillor ( Spanish : síndico ), and ten trustees ( regidores ), six elected by relative majority and four by proportional representation . The municipal presidency

602-812: The United States border in the north to the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt in the south, and is bounded by the Sierra Madre Occidental and Sierra Madre Oriental to the west and east, respectively. A low east-west mountain range in the state of Zacatecas divides the plateau into northern and southern sections. These two sections, called the Northern Plateau ( Mesa del Norte ) and Central Plateau ( Mesa Central ), are now generally regarded by geographers as sections of one plateau. The Mexican Plateau

645-679: The Mesa del Norte and numerous depressions also dot the region, the largest of which is the Bolsón de Mapimí . The Río Bravo del Norte and its tributary, the Río Conchos , drain portions of the northern plateau, and the Río Pánuco and its tributaries drain the southeastern corner. Both drain to the Gulf of Mexico . Much of the northern plateau comprises internal drainage basins that do not drain to

688-545: The Muniz Werger Building. The EME Building was built in 1988 and measures 64 m to the top floor, with the spiral 75 m, with the antenna 98 meters. It has 17 floors, with 10 levels of parking at the street for a capacity of 1500 cars, and it houses mixed offices. The Muniz Werger Building, which measures 58 m for the top floor, 65 m with the spiral, and 80 m with the antenna, has 15 storeys and two elevators. Its construction began in 1991 and finished in 1993, and it

731-594: The Tangamanga I Park. The project was designed by architect Ricardo Legorreta and promoted by the governor of San Luis Potosí, Marcelo de los Santos Fraga. It is a museum of aesthetic proportions similar to that of the Papalote Museum of Children in Mexico City, with the addition that the materials used in its construction, especially the quarry, make it a real Potosino manufacturing building. The floor of

774-583: The arrival of Spanish conquistadores and their indigenous allies into the territory now formed by the Mexican nation, it still took them about a century to colonize the northern territories in Aridoamerica. When the settlers founded the first settlements in the region in late 16th century, they had to struggle against constant attacks from Guachichil tribes. Extremely belligerent, these tribes attacked traders who traveled to Zacatecas in newly created routes. Conquistadores and religious missionaries called

817-465: The city proper and a population of approximately 1,221,526 in its metropolitan area, formed with the neighbour city of Soledad de Graciano Sánchez and other surrounding municipalities, which makes the metropolitan area of Greater San Luis Potosí the eleventh largest in Mexico . The city is in the west-central part of the state of San Luis Potosí , at 22.16°N, 100.98°W. The municipality has an area of 1,443.14 square kilometres (557.20 square miles). It

860-481: The city's main airway point. It is around 17 km (11 mi) from the city's downtown and it is the state's most important airway terminal. These places offer degrees at the bachelor level: IPICYT, UASLP and El Colegio de San Luis are also world class research institutions that offer doctoral degrees. Newspapers include El Sol de San Luis , Pulso , El Heraldo de San Luis , La Prensa , San Luis Hoy , La Jornada San Luis , and Tribuna . San Luis Potosí has

903-401: The city, various banks also operate, such as, BBVA Bancomer , Banamex , HSBC , Banorte , Santander-Serfin , Actinver, Scotiabank -Inverlat, and BanRegio . The city's transportation consists of a public system, based on urban buses that move throughout the metropolitan area. Besides, the city contains one of the highest concentrations of taxis. Ponciano Arriaga International Airport is

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946-522: The cocktails of Potosinos, who claim the water can cure a hangover. Besides having hundreds of classically designed buildings, the city is also home to some of the most modern and interesting buildings in Mexico. In recent years the city has faced a boom in the construction of buildings and museums. Among the most prominent are the Laberinto Museum of Science and Arts, which was an investment of more than $ 200 million pesos, in 9000 m of land in

989-659: The construction of the neoclassical Church of St. Teresa in El Carro between 1850 and 1855. This church, also known as the Temple of Nuestra Señora de los Dolores, was inscribed on the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites in 2010 as part of the Camino Real de Tierra Adentro . In 1857, the municipality of Ojocaliente, to which the ranch of El Carro belonged, was transferred from the state of San Luis Potosí to Zacatecas. El Carro

1032-478: The eastern portion of the southern plateau. The Central Mexican matorral covers much of the southern plateau, with the subtropical Bajío dry forests occupying the lower portions of the Lerma–Río Grande de Santiago basin. Higher altitudes are covered by pine–oak woodlands , with oak woodlands and forests at lower elevations, and mixed pine–oak and conifer forests up to the tree line of the volcanoes that surround

1075-513: The following sister cities in Mexico and abroad: The Procession of Silence is an annual event commemorating the passion and death of Christ. It occurs on the night of Good Friday , starting at the Templo del Carmen, from where it originates and proceeding through the streets of the historic center of the city of San Luis Potosí. Drums and bugles are played as a part of the procession, but participants and spectators do not speak, meriting its name. It

1118-471: The heart of the "triangle" formed by the three largest cities in Mexico: Mexico City , Guadalajara and Monterrey . In recent years, the city has attracted the attention of European and American investors; its political, social, and economic stability has convinced large multinational companies to assume a presence there and to buy land, on the outskirts of the city. Recently, according to

1161-423: The historic center was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site within Camino Real de Tierra Adentro . In pre-Hispanic times, the territory now occupied by the state of San Luis Potosí included two cultural areas: Mesoamerica and Aridoamerica . While the southern and eastern regions of the state were occupied by Otomi and Huastec kingdoms, its northern and central-west regions, where the city of San Luis now

1204-514: The middle of the triangle formed by the three largest cities in Mexico: Mexico City, Guadalajara , and Monterrey . Besides its industrial economy, recently the city has been promoted as a touristic destination in central Mexico by state and federal programs. San Luis Potosí's historic center displays a remarkable mixture of different artistic styles in many buildings and is a major example of colonial architecture in Mexico. In 2010,

1247-463: The mines of Cerro de San Pedro were discovered. The lack of water in Cerro de San Pedro made impossible a new settlement in that specific area, as well as the proper exploitation of the minerals. A short distance away there was a valley where water was abundant. This originated the creation of a new township to facilitate the labors of mining extraction . The legal foundation of the town of San Luis Potosí

1290-472: The museum occupies a total of 6.5 ha, which have gardens with species endemic to the region and a central source. Its interior is divided into a total of six rooms arranged in galleries. Their proportions will allow visitors to make an interactive tour that will switch themes of the art museum with samples of science and technology. Currently, the two tallest buildings in the city are the EME Building and

1333-491: The northern part of the municipality, connecting it to Zacatecas City in the west and San Luis Potosí City in the southeast. Mexican Plateau The Central Mexican Plateau , also known as the Mexican Altiplano ( Spanish : Altiplano mexicano ), is a large arid-to-semiarid plateau that occupies much of northern and central Mexico . Averaging 1,825 m (5,988 ft) above sea level, it extends from

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1376-476: The place where San Luis now is located "El Gran Tunal" ( Grand Place of Tuna fruit ). Finally, in 1589, peace between Chichimeca peoples and Spanish settlers was reached thanks to efforts made by Miguel Caldera and Brother Diego de la Magdalena, which marked the end of the Chichimeca War . A Franciscan mission was established in the zone in 1583, nine years before the city's founding. In early 1592

1419-640: The sea. The Chihuahuan Desert extends across the northern portion of the northern plateau, while the Meseta Central matorral covers the central portion, and the Central Mexican matorral extends from the southern portion of the northern plateau across the southern plateau. The Mesa Central or southern plateau is higher than its northern counterpart, averaging 2,000 m (6,600 ft) in elevation. The southern plateau contains numerous valleys originally formed by ancient lakes. It extends across

1462-495: The southern and western edges. San Luis Potos%C3%AD City San Luis Potosí , commonly referred to as San Luis , or by its initials SLP ( Otomi : Nmiñ'u ), is the capital and the most populous city of the Mexican state of San Luis Potosí . It is the municipal seat of the surrounding municipality of San Luis Potosí. The city lies at an elevation of 1,864 metres (6,115 feet). It has an estimated population of 824,229 in

1505-459: The state of San Luis Potosí to the north and east respectively. The municipality covers an area of 431.9 square kilometres (166.8 sq mi) and comprises 0.6% of the state's area. As of 2009, 45.7% of the land in Villa González Ortega is used for agriculture. The remainder of the land comprises matorral (51.8%), urban areas (1.3%), and grassland (1.0%). The municipality lies in the endorheic basin of El Salado . Its generally flat terrain

1548-651: The states of Aguascalientes , Jalisco , Zacatecas , Guanajuato , Querétaro , and Michoacán . Several of Mexico's most prominent cities, including Guadalajara, are located in the valleys of the southern plateau. Much of the southern plateau is drained by the Río Grande de Santiago and its tributaries, including the Río Lerma , which drain west into the Pacific Ocean . Tributaries of the Río Pánuco drain

1591-507: The winter. The last recorded snowfalls occurred in January 1967, December 13, 1997, December 2011, March 2016, and December 8, 2017. Potosinos (as residents of the city are referred to) are proud of their bright orange enchiladas potosinas , often served with refried beans and guacamole . The nearby town of Santa María del Río provides the state with its sparkling mineral water, Agua de Lourdes. The water fills both store shelves and

1634-427: The year, temperatures are relatively consistent throughout the course of the year. San Luis Potosí receives, on average, 392.1 mm (15.44 in) of precipitation annually, mostly seen from May through October. Snowfall is a rare occurrence in the city downtown, even though it is not uncommon in the city outskirts and in the highest parts of the greater San Luis Potosí area to get reports of frost and some snow during

1677-536: Was briefly established as a municipality in 1869 before being suppressed in 1870. It regained its municipal status on 19 July 1890, and its prosperity peaked during the Porfiriato . The dismantling of the hacienda after the Mexican Revolution led to a 50% decrease in the population of the municipality. On 29 November 1922, the municipality was renamed in honour of Jesús González Ortega, commander of

1720-527: Was made in November 3, 1592, according to a charter commission raised by Viceroy Luís de Velasco and given to Miguel Caldera (considered the historic founder of the city) and Juan de Oñate . For a time in 1863, during the French invasion of Mexico, San Luis Potosí served as the capital of the republican government, under President Benito Juárez . The Plan of San Luis Potosí , issued November 20, 1910,

1763-617: Was originally inhabited by the Salinero tribe of the Guachichil , one of the Chichimeca nations. The hacienda of El Carro, a cattle ranch, was established in the area in the late 16th century. After Mexican independence, the ranch prospered under the ownership of Juan Nepomuceno de Moncada y Berrio, Count of San Mateo de Valparaíso  [ es ] and Marquess of Jaral de Berrio  [ es ] , whose testament funded

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1806-537: Was the main reason for the founding of the city in 1592. Currently the city is one of the main industrial centers in central Mexico with a prolific manufacturing industry. A number of foreign industries have chosen to invest in San Luis Potosí in the last decades thanks to its strategic location for trade, as the city is located halfway between Mexico City and the United States border, as well as in

1849-481: Was the opening shot of Mexico's revolution against the dictator Porfirio Díaz . The 1910 presidential election was stolen when Díaz had his opponent Francisco I. Madero arrested and imprisoned. Madero fled and issued the Plan of San Luis Potosí, declaring the election void and calling upon Mexicans to take up arms against the government. Today, the downtown is one of plazas and colonial architecture. The "Plaza de Armas"

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