The Vingeanne ( French pronunciation: [vɛ̃ʒan] ) is a river in France, a right tributary of the Saône , which in turn is a tributary of the Rhône . It was the scene of an important battle during the Gallic Wars . The river supplies water to the Canal entre Champagne et Bourgogne , a navigable waterway that connects the Marne and the Saône , and thus links Paris to the Mediterranean.
41-561: The Vinganne is a torrential watercourse. The source of the Vingeanne is near the village of Aprey , Haute-Marne. It forms as a stream that has carved a narrow canyon in the edge of the Langres plateau. It forms at an altitude of 429 metres (1,407 ft) and flows south for 92.9 kilometres (57.7 mi) to the Saône, which it joins at an altitude of 187 metres (614 ft). Tributaries are
82-468: A lock is operated and losses from leaking lock gates and other causes. The Langres plateau has 886 millimetres (34.9 in) of annual rainfall, and can supply sufficient water, but seasonal variations in the flow of the Marne and the Vingeanne make the water supply in summer unreliable. Reservoirs are needed to ensure a reliable supply year round. This was recognized by Roger de Fontenay in his 1781 plan for
123-472: A capacity of 8,700,000 cubic metres (310,000,000 cu ft). There are two intake turrets, which may send some of the water to the Moulin de Villegusien. A large cast iron pipe has the potential to supply water for power generation, but was not used as of 2017. The lake is used for swimming, sailing, fishing and bird watching. The village of Villegusien-le-Lac is just southeast of the lake, between it and
164-484: A chewing plate formed by a bony process of the skull . The pharyngeal teeth are unique to each species and are used by scientists to identify species. Strong pharyngeal teeth allow fish such as the common carp and ide to eat hard baits such as snails and bivalves . Hearing is a well-developed sense in the cyprinids since they have the Weberian organ , three specialized vertebral processes that transfer motion of
205-548: A management tool to control various factors in the aquatic environment, such as aquatic vegetation and diseases transmitted by snails. Unlike most fish species, cyprinids generally increase in abundance in eutrophic lakes. Here, they contribute towards positive feedback as they are efficient at eating the zooplankton that would otherwise graze on the algae, reducing its abundance. Cyprinids are highly important food fish; they are fished and farmed across Eurasia . In land-locked countries in particular, cyprinids are often
246-509: A radical move, though reasonable, is probably premature. The tench ( Tinca tinca ), a significant food species farmed in western Eurasia in large numbers, is unusual. It is most often grouped with the Leuciscinae, but even when these were rather loosely circumscribed, it always stood apart. A cladistic analysis of DNA sequence data of the S7 ribosomal protein intron 1 supports
287-479: A total rise of 155 metres (509 ft). The canal crosses the watershed through the Balesmes tunnel at an elevation of 340 metres (1,120 ft). From there it travels 152 kilometres (94 mi) down to the navigable part of the Marne, and passes 71 locks with a total drop of 237 metres (778 ft). A dependable supply of water is needed to replace the 800 cubic metres (28,000 cu ft) of water lost when
328-408: Is Paedocypris progenetica , reaching 10.3 mm (0.41 in) at the longest. All fish in this family are egg-layers and most do not guard their eggs; however, a few species build nests and/or guard the eggs. The bitterlings of subfamily Acheilognathinae are notable for depositing their eggs in bivalve molluscs , where the young develop until able to fend for themselves. Cyprinids contain
369-539: Is 36.96 metres (121.3 ft) below the upper reach of the canal in the Balesmes tunnel, which is supplied by the higher Lac de la Liez. The 1,254 metres (4,114 ft) cement-covered dyke of compacted clay-sand soil was built on the Vingeanne between 1902 and 1904, and was the longest in Europe at the time. The reservoir was put into operation in the winter of 1905-06, and the canal was opened for navigation in early 1907. The reservoir covers 199 hectares (490 acres) and has
410-573: Is a major pest species in Australia impacting freshwater environments, amenity, and the agricultural economy, devastating biodiversity by decimating native fish populations where they first became established as a major pest in the wild in the 1960s. In the major river system of eastern Australia, the Murray-Darling Basin , they constitute 80–90 per cent of fish biomass. In 2016 the federal government announced A$ 15.2 million to fund
451-668: Is common upstream with a spawning area in Saint Maurice sur Vingeanne. There are many species of cyprinids and pike is present throughout. The Amicale des pêcheurs de haute et moyenne Vingeanne, a fishers' association, practices a heritage management policy, and releases rainbow trout for the opening of the season in March and for holidaymakers in June. The Quillot Brothers had a dairy in the village of Montigny sur Vingeanne where they produced sterilized milk. In 1897, they commissioned
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#1732775618503492-584: Is the giant barb ( Catlocarpio siamensis ), which may grow up to 3 m (9.8 ft) in length and 300 kg (660 lb) in weight. Other very large species that can surpass 2 m (6.6 ft) are the golden mahseer ( Tor putitora ) and mangar ( Luciobarbus esocinus ). The largest North American species is the Colorado pikeminnow ( Ptychocheilus lucius ), which can reach up to 1.8 m (5.9 ft) in length. Conversely, many species are smaller than 5 cm (2 in). The smallest known fish
533-557: The Cultrinae and Leuciscinae, regardless of their exact delimitation, are rather close relatives and stand apart from Cyprininae – but the overall systematics and taxonomy of the Cyprinidae remain a subject of considerable debate. A large number of genera are incertae sedis , too equivocal in their traits and/or too little-studied to permit assignment to a particular subfamily with any certainty. Part of
574-491: The Gallic Wars against a coalition of Gauls led by Vercingetorix . Caesar responded to an attack against Gallia Narbonensis by leading his forces east through Lingones territory towards Sequani territory, probably marching down the Vingeanne valley. He had recently recruited (or hired) German cavalry, and they would prove decisive. The Gallic army held a very strong position guarded by high slopes, easy to defend. It
615-530: The Labeoninae or Squaliobarbinae also remain doubtful, although the latter do appear to correspond to a distinct lineage. The sometimes-seen grouping of the large-headed carps ( Hypophthalmichthyinae ) with Xenocypris , though, seems quite in error. More likely, the latter are part of the Cultrinae. The entirely paraphyletic "Barbinae" and the disputed Labeoninae might be better treated as part of
656-874: The aquarium and fishpond hobbies, most famously the goldfish , which was bred in China from the Prussian carp ( Carassius (auratus) gibelio ). First imported into Europe around 1728, it was originally much-fancied by the Chinese nobility as early as 1150 AD and, after it arrived there in 1502, also in Japan . In addition to the goldfish, the common carp was bred in Japan into the colorful ornamental variety known as koi — or more accurately nishikigoi ( 錦鯉 ) , as koi ( 鯉 ) simply means "common carp" in Japanese — from
697-413: The barbs and barbels , among others. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and the largest vertebrate animal family overall, with about 3,000 species ; only 1,270 of these remain extant, divided into about 200 valid genera . Cyprinids range from about 12 mm (0.5 in) in size to the 3 m (9.8 ft) giant barb ( Catlocarpio siamensis ). By genus and species count,
738-555: The gas bladder to the inner ear. The vertebral processes of the Weberian organ also permit a cyprinid to detect changes in motion of the gas bladder due to atmospheric conditions or depth changes. The cyprinids are considered physostomes because the pneumatic duct is retained in adult stages and the fish are able to gulp air to fill the gas bladder, or they can dispose of excess gas to the gut. Cyprinids are native to North America , Africa , and Eurasia . The largest known cyprinid
779-436: The moderlieschen , are opportunistic predators that will eat larvae of the common frog in artificial circumstances. Some cyprinids, such as the grass carp , are specialized herbivores; others, such as the common nase , eat algae and biofilms , while others, such as the black carp , specialize in snails, and some, such as the silver carp , are specialized filter feeders . For this reason, cyprinids are often introduced as
820-517: The 18th century until today. Other popular aquarium cyprinids include danionins , rasborines and true barbs . Larger species are bred by the thousands in outdoor ponds, particularly in Southeast Asia , and trade in these aquarium fishes is of considerable commercial importance. The small rasborines and danionines are perhaps only rivalled by characids (tetras) and poecilid livebearers in their popularity for community aquaria . Some of
861-707: The Cyprininae, forming a close-knit group whose internal relationships are still little known. The small African " barbs " do not belong in Barbus sensu stricto – indeed, they are as distant from the typical barbels and the typical carps ( Cyprinus ) as these are from Garra (which is placed in the Labeoninae by most who accept the latter as distinct) and thus might form another as yet unnamed subfamily. However, as noted above, how various minor lineages tie into this has not yet been resolved; therefore, such
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#1732775618503902-486: The National Carp Control Plan to investigate using Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (carp virus) as a biological control agent while minimising impacts on industry and environment should a carp virus release go ahead. Despite initial, favourable assessment, in 2020 this plan was found to be unlikely to work due to the high fecundity of the fish. Numerous cyprinids have become popular and important within
943-571: The Rasborinae as the basal lineage with the Cyprininae as a sister clade to the Leuciscinae. The subfamilies Acheilognathinae , Gobioninae , and Leuciscinae are monophyletic. The 5th Edition of Fishes of the World sets out the following subfamilies: With such a large and diverse family the taxonomy and phylogenies are always being worked on so alternative classifications are being created as new information
984-535: The Swiss artist Théophile Steinlen (1859–1923) to produce a poster advertising their product. The result was an endearing poster that shows the artist's daughter Colette tasting a bowl of milk before giving it to the family cats, who are waiting expectantly. Steinlen was a prolific artist, but this early work is his most successful poster. In July 52 BC the Roman general Julius Caesar fought an important battle of
1025-490: The canal, and again by Brière de Montidour, chief engineer of the Corps des Ponts et Chaussées , in 1835. The canal designers planned four reservoirs, three on the Marne side and the 8,300,000 cubic metres (290,000,000 cu ft) Lac de Villegusien on the Vingeanne. The Lac de Villegusien , or Réservoir de la Vingeanne, is in the upper valley of the Vingeanne about 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) from its source. The reservoir
1066-643: The canal. The Vingeanne is an exceptional 2nd category river because it shelters many species of fish. Trout and "Satoille" (probably the European river lamprey ) were fished in the Bèze , the Saône and Vingeanne in the Middle Ages. Margaret III, Countess of Flanders recounts having tasted the fish in 1382–83. Some of the upstream courses have trout, and the Dame Fario ( Salmo trutta fario : brown trout)
1107-463: The family makes up more than two-thirds of the ostariophysian order Cypriniformes . The family name is derived from the Greek word kyprînos ( κυπρῖνος 'carp'). Cyprinids are stomachless, or agastric , fish with toothless jaws. Even so, food can be effectively chewed by the gill rakers of the specialized last gill bow. These pharyngeal teeth allow the fish to make chewing motions against
1148-509: The first and only known example of androgenesis in a vertebrate, in the Squalius alburnoides allopolyploid complex. Most cyprinids feed mainly on invertebrates and vegetation , probably due to the lack of teeth and stomach; however, some species, like the asp , are predators that specialize in fish. Many species, such as the ide and the common rudd , prey on small fish when individuals become large enough. Even small species, such as
1189-585: The grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella ) are the most important of these, for example in Florida . Carp in particular can stir up sediment , reducing the clarity of the water and making plant growth difficult. In America and Australia, such as the Asian carp in the Mississippi Basin , they have become invasive species that compete with native fishes or disrupt the environment. Cyprinus carpio
1230-668: The ground, as well as the whole country, up to the Badin and the Vingeanne. The Gauls thought the Romans were retreating towards Italy and decided to attack. One group of Gallic cavalry blocked the Roman advance while two groups of cavalry harried the Roman's flanks. After hard fighting, the German cavalry broke the Gallic cavalry on the right and chased them back to the main Gallic infantry force. The remaining Gallic cavalry fled, and Vercingetorix
1271-910: The major species of fish eaten because they make the largest part of biomass in most water types except for fast-flowing rivers. In Eastern Europe, they are often prepared with traditional methods such as drying and salting. The prevalence of inexpensive frozen fish products made this less important now than it was in earlier times. Nonetheless, in certain places, they remain popular for food, as well as recreational fishing , for ornamental use, and have been deliberately stocked in ponds and lakes for centuries for this reason. Cyprinids are popular for angling especially for match fishing (due to their dominance in biomass and numbers) and fishing for common carp because of its size and strength. Several cyprinids have been introduced to waters outside their natural ranges to provide food, sport, or biological control for some pest species. The common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) and
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1312-556: The most popular cyprinids among aquarists , other than goldfish and koi, include the cherry barb , Harlequin rasbora , pearl danios , rainbow sharks , tiger barbs , and the White Cloud Mountain minnow . One particular species of these small and undemanding danionines is the zebrafish ( Danio rerio ). It has become the standard model species for studying developmental genetics of vertebrates , in particular fish. Habitat destruction and other causes have reduced
1353-413: The solution seems that the delicate rasborines are the core group, consisting of minor lineages that have not shifted far from their evolutionary niche , or have coevolved for millions of years. These are among the most basal lineages of living cyprinids. Other "rasborines" are apparently distributed across the diverse lineages of the family. The validity and circumscription of proposed subfamilies like
1394-574: The streams ( ruisseaux ) of Flagey, Leuchey, Anjeurres and Orain. A hydrological station measures the river's flow at Saint-Maurice-sur-Vingeanne , where it is fed by a watershed that covers 398 square kilometres (154 sq mi). The river there normally has average flow of around 8.43 cubic metres per second (298 cu ft/s) in February, falling to 0.914 cubic metres per second (32.3 cu ft/s) in August. The maximum instantaneous flow
1435-542: The view that it is distinct enough to constitute a monotypic subfamily. It also suggests it may be closer to the small East Asian Aphyocypris , Hemigrammocypris , and Yaoshanicus . They would have diverged roughly at the same time from cyprinids of east-central Asia, perhaps as a result of the Alpide orogeny that vastly changed the topography of that region in the late Paleogene , when their divergence presumably occurred. A DNA-based analysis of these fish places
1476-670: The wild stocks of several cyprinids to dangerously low levels; some are already entirely extinct . In particular, the cyprinids of the subfamily Leuciscinae from southwestern North America have been hit hard by pollution and unsustainable water use in the early to mid-20th century; most globally extinct cypriniform species are in fact leuciscinid cyprinids from the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. The massive diversity of cyprinids has so far made it difficult to resolve their phylogeny in sufficient detail to make assignment to subfamilies more than tentative in many cases. Some distinct lineages obviously exist – for example,
1517-538: Was forced to retreat to Alesia , where he was besieged by the Romans. The Battle of Alesia decided the war in the Romans' favor. The Vingeanne crosses 3 departments and 30 communes: Aprey Aprey ( French pronunciation: [apʁɛ] ) is a commune in the Haute-Marne department in the Grand Est region in northeastern France . The commune is famous for its faience . Aprey Faience
1558-430: Was produced at a glass-works at Aprey, set up in 1744 by Jacques Lallemont de Villehaut, Baron d'Aprey. The factory closed in 1885. This geography Haute-Marne article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Cyprinid and see text Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family , including the carps , the true minnows , and their relatives
1599-410: Was protected by the Vingeanne on the right, and the Badin, a small tributary of the Vingeanne, on its front. In the space between these two streams and the road from Dijon to Langres was an area 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) across, slightly uneven in some parts, almost flat everywhere else, mainly between the Vingeanne and the hillock of Montsuageon. Near the road, and to the west, rise hills which dominated
1640-422: Was recorded on 27 April 1983 at 82 cubic metres per second (2,900 cu ft/s). The Canal entre Champagne et Bourgogne , crosses the Langres plateau watershed between the Marne to the northwest and the Saône to the southeast. Much of the route on the Saône side is along the Vingeanne valley. A barge travelling from the Saône up to the Langres plateau travels 62 kilometres (39 mi) and passes 43 locks with
1681-499: Was recorded on 30 December 2001 at 61.4 cubic metres per second (2,170 cu ft/s). A hydrological station measures the river's flow further down at Oisilly , where the Vingeanne captures water from an area of 609 square kilometres (235 sq mi). The river there normally has average flow of around 12.4 cubic metres per second (440 cu ft/s) in February, which falls to around 1.56 cubic metres per second (55 cu ft/s) in August. The maximum instantaneous flow