55-507: Mt. Lebanon (locally / ˈ l ɛ b . ə . n ə n / ) is a township with home rule status in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania , United States. The population was 34,075 at the 2020 census . It is a suburb of Pittsburgh . Established in 1912 as Mount Lebanon, the township was a farming community. With the arrival of the first streetcar lines and the development of the first real estate subdivision, both in 1901, it became
110-450: A province , a county , or a department , so that a local county council , county commission , parish council , or board of supervisors may have jurisdiction over its unincorporated areas , including important issues like zoning . Without this, the division is simply an extension of the higher government. The legislature can also establish or eliminate municipal corporations , which have home rule within town or city limits through
165-569: A streetcar suburb , offering residents the ability to commute to Downtown Pittsburgh . Furthermore, the opening of the Liberty Tunnel in 1924 allowed easy automobile access to Pittsburgh. In 1975, the renamed Mt. Lebanon adopted one of the first home rule charters in Pennsylvania. The first European settlers arrived in 1773–1774, having purchased the land from the descendants of William Penn ; other pioneers soon bought land from
220-584: A Scottish assembly. Between 1947 and 1950, the Scottish Covenant , a petition requesting a Scottish legislature within the UK, received over two million signatures. It was not until 1979 that devolution entered the political sphere – the 1979 Scottish devolution referendum was held. Despite a vote of 51.6% in favour of devolution, the Scotland Act 1978 was not put into effect due to a requirement that
275-657: A big part of the community. The mascot is currently the Blue Devil, which has occasionally stirred controversy. Congressman Chris Deluzio represents the area in the United States House of Representatives as a part of Pennsylvania's 17th congressional district . Mt. Lebanon is in District 42 of the Pennsylvania Senate and is represented by Wayne Fontana . Mt. Lebanon is in District 42 of
330-476: A household in the township was $ 60,783, and the median income for a family was $ 79,744 (these figures had risen to $ 73,765 and $ 98,731 respectively as of a 2007 estimate). Males had a median income of $ 56,183 versus $ 37,008 for females. The per capita income for the township was $ 33,652. About 2.2% of families and 3.5% of the population were below the poverty line , including 2.9% of those under age 18 and 4.8% of those age 65 or over. A large portion of Mt. Lebanon
385-501: A parallel system of governance and law independent of the state(s) that the reservation lies within, often including separate police forces. For instance, some tribes are permitted to operate gambling establishments which may be illegal in the surrounding state or states. Reservations are not states and have no direct representation in Congress, and the citizens vote as citizens of the state by which they are surrounded. Furthermore, unlike
440-473: A regulation size ice rink and recreation building located adjacent to Mt. Lebanon Park on Cedar Blvd. Mt. Lebanon also boasts one of the oldest public golf courses in western Pennsylvania and has several tennis and basketball courts which are open year-round. Other recreational facilities include a Sand volleyball court, bocce courts, platform tennis, a plethora of picnic pavilions and over eight children's playgrounds. Mt. Lebanon School District's sports teams are
495-657: A shared monarch. Senior Liberals Lord Hartington and Joseph Chamberlain led the battle against Home Rule in Parliament. They broke with the Liberal leader William Ewart Gladstone who insisted on Home Rule, and in 1886 formed a new party, the Liberal Unionist Party . It helped defeat Home Rule and eventually merged with the Conservative party. Chamberlain used anti-Catholicism to build a base for
550-694: A state, nor part of a state. At certain times, and currently since 1973, Congress has provided for D.C. government to be carried out primarily by locally elected officials. However, congressional oversight of this local government still exists, and locally elected officials' powers could theoretically be revoked at any time. In the United States, some states constitutionally or legislatively grant home rule to counties and municipalities within their borders. These are called "home rule states". Local governments in home rule states are free to pass laws and ordinances as they see fit to further their operations, within
605-1140: A tax collector and, in many townships, a panel of three auditors who annually audit all township accounts. The supervisors or commissioners of the township appoint a secretary and a treasurer, and may also appoint a township manager to coordinate township employees and operations. County governments may provide some or all municipal services to residents of townships, regardless of class and size, including trash collection or sewage processing. Some counties, though, leave individual municipalities to provide their own services; in some instances small groups of boroughs or townships may pool their resources to provide water, police, or other functions. The main areas of local services include police and fire protection, maintenance of local roads and streets, water supply, sewage collection and treatment, parking and traffic control, local planning and zoning, parks and recreation, garbage collection, health services, libraries, licensing of businesses and code enforcement. All municipalities in Pennsylvania, however, rely on county and state organized courts for probate, criminal, and civil court services. Under
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#1732783933009660-508: A township of the first class and operate under the powers of the First Class Township Code, a township must have a population density of 300 inhabitants per square mile (120/km ) and voters therein must approve the change of classification in a referendum. The classes of townships differ primarily in the form of their administration. Townships of the second class are governed by a board of supervisors, elected at large by
715-617: Is Greenland's head of state. Greenland is not part of the European Union, even though Denmark is. Several nationalist leaders banded together in 1916 under the leadership of Annie Besant to voice a demand for self-government, and to obtain the status of a dominion within the British Empire as enjoyed by Australia, Canada, South Africa, New Zealand and Newfoundland at the time. While enjoying considerable popularity for some years, its growth and activity were stalled by
770-482: Is a highly affluent suburb of Pittsburgh 7 miles (11 km) south of the city's downtown. There are two small borders with Pittsburgh neighborhoods to the northeast ( Brookline ) and north ( Banksville ). The remainder of the northeast border is with the borough of Dormont . The entire western border is with Scott Township . To the south are the two towns which, due to their comparable size and affluence, are most often compared with Mt. Lebanon: Upper St. Clair to
825-475: Is an affluent subdivision , with streets designed to follow the natural contours of the land. Future Governor James H. Duff helped found Virginia Manor in 1929. As of the census of 2000, there were 33,017 people, 13,610 households, and 9,023 families residing in the township. The population density was 5,457.2 inhabitants per square mile (2,107.0/km). There were 14,089 housing units at an average density of 2,328.7 per square mile (899.1/km). The racial makeup of
880-628: Is in Uptown Mt. Lebanon; the adjacent Dormont Junction and Castle Shannon stations are in neighboring municipalities. And as of the census of 2000, there were 33,017 people living in Mt. Lebanon. In 1971, Muhammad Ali attempted to purchase a home in Virginia Manor, but racial discrimination prevented him from doing so. However, some residents have claimed that the rejection was due to the anticipated publicity and crowds which would result from
935-508: Is listed as the Mt. Lebanon Historic District on the National Register of Historic Places . The district contains 3,341 contributing buildings and 21 contributing sites. Most of the buildings (89%) are residential, though two commercial areas are included. The district is a significant example of the transition from a rural agricultural area to a suburb made possible first by the trolley/streetcar , c. 1901 , and later by
990-552: Is not, however, equivalent to federalism . Whereas states in a federal system of government (e.g., Brazil , Canada , Ethiopia , Germany , Switzerland , and the United States ) have a guaranteed constitutional existence, a devolved home rule system of government is created by ordinary legislation and can be reformed, or even abolished, by repeal or amendment of that ordinary legislation. A legislature may, for example, create home rule for an administrative division, such as
1045-692: Is one high school: Mt. Lebanon High School . The district has won multiple National Blue Ribbon School awards. The high school was rated as one of the Top 500 high schools in the United States by Newsweek in 2000 and 1st in Western Pennsylvania by the Pittsburgh Business Times in 2005. Keystone Oaks High School is physically located in Mt. Lebanon but serving the adjacent communities of Greentree , Dormont and Castle Shannon . Seton-La Salle Catholic High School , and
1100-603: Is one of the more built up central business districts outside of Pittsburgh, featuring numerous coffee shops, small galleries, pizzerias, and clothing boutiques. The neighborhood is organized as The Uptown Mt. Lebanon Business and Professional Association. There are sizable business districts along the borders with Upper St. Clair and Castle Shannon, as well. Neighborhoods within Mt. Lebanon include: Beverly Heights, Cedarhurst Manor, Hoodridge Hilands, Mission Hills, Sunset Hills, Virginia Manor, Twin Hills, and Woodridge. Virginia Manor
1155-670: Is the Faroese head of state. As of June 2024 , The Faroe Islands are not part of the European Union , even though Denmark is. Greenland is a self-governing country in the Danish Realm. Following a referendum in Greenland where the majority favored a higher degree of autonomy, home rule was granted by the Parliament of Denmark in 1979. After another referendum , further autonomy was granted in 2009. Denmark's monarch
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#17327839330091210-518: The Irish Free State ). The home rule demands of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century differed from earlier demands for Repeal by Daniel O'Connell in the first half of the nineteenth century. Whereas home rule meant a constitutional movement towards an Irish parliament under the ultimate sovereignty of Westminster , in much the same manner as Canada , New Zealand , or the much later Scottish devolution process , repeal meant
1265-629: The Pennsylvania House of Representatives and is represented by Mt. Lebanon resident Dan Miller . The Mt. Lebanon government takes the form of a commission, made up of 5 commissioners - one from each of Mt. Lebanon's 5 wards. The district has seven elementary schools: Foster Elementary School, Hoover Elementary School, Howe Elementary School, Jefferson Elementary School, Lincoln Elementary School, Markham Elementary School, and Washington Elementary School. The two middle schools are Jefferson Middle School and Andrew W. Mellon Middle School. There
1320-533: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . This demand led to the eventual introduction of four Home Rule Bills, of which two were passed, the Government of Ireland Act 1914 won by John Redmond and most notably the Government of Ireland Act 1920 (which created the home rule parliaments of Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland – the latter state did not in reality function and was replaced by
1375-565: The city council . The higher government could also abolish counties/townships, redefine their boundaries, or dissolve their home-rule governments, according to the relevant laws. The Faroe Islands is a self-governing country in the Danish Realm . Home rule was granted by the Parliament of Denmark in 1948, after a failed attempt of the Faroese to gain complete independence , with further autonomy granted in 2005. Denmark's monarch
1430-404: The "Mount Lebanon" name in 1909, but were opposed by residents of the future Mount Lebanon Township. In 1928, Mount Lebanon became the first First Class township in Pennsylvania to adopt the council–manager form of government and has had an appointed manager serving as the chief administrative officer since that time. Mount Lebanon was a farming community until the arrival of streetcar lines,
1485-613: The 'Yes' vote receive the support of 40% of the electorate, which was not met on 63.8% turnout. In 1999, due to the success of a second referendum , the Scottish Parliament was created. The U.S. Constitution gives jurisdiction over the capital city (District of Columbia or Washington, D.C.) to the United States Congress in "all cases whatsoever". This jurisdiction necessitated that the District not be
1540-704: The 17th century during the colonial-era Province of Pennsylvania prior to the American Revolution . Much of the province was then occupied by Native Americans , but the colonial administration in Philadelphia brought new counties and new settlements regularly. The first communities defined by the provincial state government tended to be rural, geographically large, and sparsely populated townships. Townships or portions of them tended to become boroughs after population growth or an increase in population density and, eventually, might to reincorporate at
1595-669: The 1920 and 1930 censuses, the township's population skyrocketed from 2,258 to 13,403. Today, Pittsburgh's mass transit agency, the Pittsburgh Regional Transit , or "PRT," operates a light rail system whose Red Line , which runs underneath Uptown Mt. Lebanon through the Mt. Lebanon Tunnel , merges with the Blue Line in Pittsburgh's Mt. Washington section. Mt. Lebanon's only platform station, Mt. Lebanon Station ,
1650-570: The Pennsylvania constitution, each governmental entity has the right to choose its own form of self-government, and a limited ability to delegate powers and oversight to such entities as authorities, commissions and school boards. Any township, regardless of its class, may adopt a home rule charter, at which point it is no longer governed by the Pennsylvania Township Codes. While a home rule charter can incorporate unusual features, standard municipal functions are generally part of
1705-459: The St. Bernard school, both Diocese of Pittsburgh schools, are also in Mt. Lebanon. The Mt. Lebanon Public Library, founded in 1932, is funded almost entirely by the municipality and county. Its home is a $ 4.2 million building, with shelves for 140,000 books, seats for 165 persons, and more than 50 public computers. When the building opened in 1997, it won an architectural design award and was featured in
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1760-528: The United Kingdom. Although the term 'home rule' has been largely superseded by "devolution," the home rule movement can be seen as the forerunner to the creation of the current devolved Scottish Parliament . Administrative devolution was granted to Scotland, with the creation of the Scottish Office , in 1885. In the mid-20th century, the home rule movement became significant, campaigning for
1815-517: The United States and other countries organised as federations of states , the term usually refers to the process and mechanisms of self-government as exercised by municipalities, counties, or other units of local government at the level below that of a federal state (e.g., U.S. state, in which context see special legislation ). It can also refer to the system under which the Faroe Islands and Greenland are associated with Denmark . Home rule
1870-545: The architectural issue of Library Journal . [REDACTED] Media related to Mt. Lebanon Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania at Wikimedia Commons Township (Pennsylvania) A township , under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania , is the lowest level of municipal incorporation of government. All of Pennsylvania's communities outside of incorporated cities , boroughs , and one town have been incorporated into individual townships that serve as
1925-500: The automobile in the 1920s and 1930s with the opening of the Liberty Tubes in 1924. The boundaries of the district include those areas that were developed between 1874 and c. 1945 . Mt. Lebanon provides many recreational opportunities for its residents. Fifteen parks are scattered over 200 acres (0.81 km) throughout the community. In addition to the parks, there is an Olympic size swimming pool, open in summer, and
1980-543: The bounds of the state and federal constitutions. In other states, local governments have only the authority expressly granted to them by state legislatures, typically in accordance with the legal principle known as Dillon's Rule . A city charter, awarded by the state, defines the limits to a municipality's powers. The United States federal government provides limited self-rule to some federally recognised Native American tribes over their lands on reservations. Tribal lands are recognised as "dependent domestic nations" and operate
2035-553: The central government. Home rule may govern in an autonomous administrative division ; in contrast, though, there is no sovereignty separate from that of the parent state, and thus no separate chief military command nor separate foreign policy and diplomacy . In the British Isles , it traditionally referred to self-government , devolution or independence of the countries of the United Kingdom —initially Ireland , and later Scotland , Wales , and Northern Ireland . In
2090-823: The characteristics of more-urbanized areas that might be associated with "towns." Because Pennsylvania's constitution provides for a progression of municipal structures based on population growth, it is not uncommon to have a township and borough of the same or similar name, generally adjacent within the same county. The 'town-like' borough might be partially or wholly surrounded by the remaining township from which it had split off. The government of Cold Spring Township ceased to function in 1961, when there were no candidates for office. Pennsylvania townships typically vary in size from 6 to 40 square miles (16–104 km ). There are two classifications of townships, first class and second class. The commonwealth initially incorporates all townships as second class townships. To become
2145-432: The electorate of the whole township for overlapping six-year terms. The number of supervisors can be increased to five by referendum. Townships of the first class, by contrast, have a board of commissioners. Between five and fifteen commissioners sit on this panel; they can be elected either at large or by wards within the township; and they serve for overlapping terms of four years in office. Other elected officials include
2200-530: The first line to Pittsburgh opening on July 1, 1901 followed by a second in 1924. After the arrival of the streetcar lines, which enabled daily commuting to and from Downtown Pittsburgh , Mount Lebanon became a streetcar suburb , with the first real estate subdivision being laid out in November 1901. Further, the opening of the Liberty Tubes in 1924 allowed easy automobile access to Pittsburgh. Between
2255-455: The legal entities providing local self-government functions. In general, townships in Pennsylvania encompass larger land areas than other municipalities , and tend to be located in suburban , exurban , or rural parts of the commonwealth. As with other incorporated municipalities in Pennsylvania, townships exist within counties and are subordinate to or dependent upon the county level of government. Townships in Pennsylvania were created in
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2310-548: The level of city. Initially, each municipal organization begins as a second-class township. When a sufficient population density, currently 300 people per square mile, was attained, the township had the option of holding a referendum and, if it passed, became a first-class township. The municipality could proceed to the level of borough or city in a similar fashion. Historically, this progression has often included border adjustments or mergers with other boroughs or townships. Many communities remain townships in spite of growth that brings
2365-501: The mix regardless of how offices and powers are allocated within the jurisdiction. "Citizen's Guide to Pennsylvania Local Government, 2010" Home rule Home rule is the government of a colony, dependent country, or region by its own citizens. It is thus the power of a part ( administrative division ) of a state or an external dependent country to exercise such of the state's powers of governance within its own administrative area that have been decentralized to it by
2420-586: The new party among "Orange" Nonconformist Protestant elements in Britain and Ireland. Liberal Unionist John Bright coined the party's slogan, "Home rule means Rome rule." Ultimately, the Irish Free State was established in 1922 as an independent Dominion sharing the British monarch as head of state, though Northern Ireland was separated from the new state and gained its own Home Rule Parliament which existed until 1972 (The current Northern Ireland Assembly
2475-411: The repeal of the 1801 Act of Union (if need be, by physical force) and the creation of an entirely independent Irish state, separated from the United Kingdom, with only a shared monarch joining them; in essence, Home Rule would see Ireland become an autonomous region within the United Kingdom, while repeal would give the island a status more akin to a Dominion , an independent nation tied to Britain by
2530-520: The rise of Mohandas Gandhi and his satyagraha art of revolution: non-violent , but mass-based civil disobedience , aimed at complete independence. Nonetheless, when Indian independence came in 1947, the new state was the Dominion of India . After three years, the Nehru Government ushered through the permanent Constitution of India creating a republic. The issue of Irish home rule
2585-506: The sale of the property to Ali. On May 21, 1974, the electorate approved a home rule charter , which took effect on January 1, 1975; as such, the community is no longer governed under the provisions of the Pennsylvania Township Code. Mount Lebanon became one of the first municipalities in Pennsylvania to adopt a home rule charter. In the charter, the official name of the municipality became Mt. Lebanon, Pennsylvania;
2640-551: The southwest and Bethel Park to the southeast. To the east is Castle Shannon , and finally, to the east-northeast is Baldwin Township (not to be confused with the Borough of Baldwin ). Uptown Mt. Lebanon is the central business district and has Washington Rd. ( U.S. Rt. 19 Truck ) as its main thoroughfare. ( U.S. Rt. 19 Truck continues into Pittsburgh and back out into the city's northern suburbs and beyond.) Uptown Mt. Lebanon
2695-399: The state government. In 1912, Mount Lebanon Township was incorporated as a "First Class Township" under Pennsylvania state law. It had formerly been a part of Scott Township , which in turn traces its origins to the long-defunct St. Clair Township . Mount Lebanon was not named for two Cedar of Lebanon trees that were planted in 1850 on Washington Road near the top of Bower Hill Road, but
2750-562: The township was 96.21% White , 0.61% Black , 0.07% Native American , 2.29% Asian , 0.01% Pacific Islander , 0.18% from other races , and 0.62% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.80% of the population. There were 13,610 households, out of which 31.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.3% were married couples living together, 7.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.7% were non-families. 30.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.5% had someone living alone who
2805-498: The word "Mount" is abbreviated in all government documents, although the U.S. Postal Service continues to use "Mount." Mt. Lebanon is located at 40°22′30″N 80°3′0″W / 40.37500°N 80.05000°W / 40.37500; -80.05000 (40.375, -80.05). According to the United States Census Bureau , the township has a total area of 6.06 square miles (15.7 km), all land. Mt. Lebanon
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#17327839330092860-448: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 3.00. The median age was 42 years. In the township the population was spread out, with 24.8% under the age of 18, 4.0% were 18 to 24, 26.9% were 25 to 44, 25.4% were 45 to 64, and 18.8% were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females, there were 87.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.1 males. The median income for
2915-470: Was created in 1998; between 1972 and 1998, Northern Ireland was under direct rule from Westminster ). English home rule has been discussed in relation to proposals for constitutional changes regarding England following the 2014 Scottish independence referendum . In a similar fashion to Ireland, supporters of home rule in Scotland have historically desired greater levels of devolved governance within
2970-427: Was named after the area from which they came, Mount Lebanon , due to the similarities between the two landscapes. Prior to the incorporation of the township, the "Mount Lebanon" name was used for the area of Upper St. Clair Township near the cedar trees. In the 1880s, a post office located near the transplanted cedar trees was named "Mount Lebanon". Incorporators of neighboring Dormont Borough initially tried to use
3025-543: Was the dominant political question of British and Irish politics at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries. From the late nineteenth century, Irish leaders of the Home Rule League , the predecessor of the Irish Parliamentary Party , under Isaac Butt , William Shaw , and Charles Stewart Parnell demanded a form of home rule, with the creation of an Irish parliament within
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