25-621: Viscount FitzWilliam , of Merrion in the County of Dublin, was a title in the Peerage of Ireland . It was created in 1629 for Thomas FitzWilliam, along with the subsidiary title Baron FitzWilliam , of Thorncastle in the County of Dublin, also in the Peerage of Ireland. He was succeeded by his son Oliver, the second Viscount. In 1661 Oliver was created Earl of Tyrconnell in the Peerage of Ireland. The earldom became extinct on his death in 1667, but he
50-550: A Knight of the Garter. Of the subsidiary titles above, Marquess of Hamilton is the courtesy title of the heir apparent , and Viscount Strabane that of his heir-apparent. The Dukes of Abercorn also claim the French title of Duc de Châtellerault , as heirs-male of the 2nd Earl of Arran , who was granted the title in 1548 by Henry II of France . Additionally, since the death of William Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Hamilton , in 1651,
75-606: A few generations one of its dominant families. Their Dublin estates passed by inheritance to the Earl of Pembroke , whose descendants are still substantial landowners in the area. Peerage of Ireland The Peerage of Ireland consists of those titles of nobility created by the English monarchs in their capacity as Lord or King of Ireland , or later by monarchs of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . It
100-619: Is one of the five divisions of Peerages in the United Kingdom . The creation of such titles came to an end in the 19th century. The ranks of the Irish peerage are duke , marquess , earl , viscount and baron . As of 2016, there were 135 titles in the Peerage of Ireland extant: two dukedoms, ten marquessates, 43 earldoms, 28 viscountcies, and 52 baronies. However, these titles have no official recognition in Ireland , with Article 40.2 of
125-464: The Constitution of Ireland forbidding the state conferring titles of nobility and stating that an Irish citizen may not accept titles of nobility or honour except with the prior approval of the Irish government. In the following table, each peer is listed only by his highest Irish title, showing higher or equal titles in the other peerages. Those peers who are known by a higher title in one of
150-532: The Curzon of Kedleston barony to George Curzon when he became Viceroy of India in 1898. Peers of Ireland have precedence below peers of England, Scotland, and Great Britain of the same rank, and above peers of the United Kingdom of the same rank; but Irish peers created after 1801 yield to United Kingdom peers of earlier creation. Accordingly, the Duke of Abercorn (the junior duke in the Peerage of Ireland) ranks between
175-771: The Duke of Sutherland and the Duke of Westminster (both dukes in the Peerage of the United Kingdom). When one of the Irish representative peers died, the Irish Peerage met to elect his replacement; but the office required to arrange this were abolished as part of the creation of the Irish Free State . The existing representative peers kept their seats in the House of Lords, but they have not been replaced. Since
200-588: The House of Lords at Westminster . Both before and after the Union, Irish peerages were often used as a way of creating peerages which did not grant a seat in the House of Lords of England (before 1707) or Great Britain (after 1707) and so allowed the grantee (such as Clive of India ) to sit in the House of Commons in London. As a consequence, many late-made Irish peers had little or no connection to Ireland, and indeed
225-416: The 1880 title " Baron Mount Temple , of Mount Temple in the County of Sligo", was recreated in 1932 as "Baron Mount Temple, of Lee in the County of Southampton". In the following table of the Peerage of Ireland as it currently stands, each peer's highest titles in each of the other peerages (if any) are also listed. Irish peers possessed of titles in any of the other peerages (except Scotland, which only got
250-510: The Act permitted until at least 1856. But the pace then slowed, with only four more being created in the rest of the 19th century, and none in the 20th and 21st centuries. The last two grants of Irish peerages were the promotion of the Marquess of Abercorn (a peerage of Great Britain) to be Duke of Abercorn in the Irish Peerage when he became Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland in 1868 and the granting of
275-535: The County of Tipperary" (1660). He was additionally created Baron Mountcastle and Viscount Strabane , in the Peerage of Ireland, on 2 September 1701. The 7th earl became the first of the Earls of Abercorn to be invested a Privy Counsellor , having been appointed to both the English and Irish Privy Councils. The 8th earl was created Viscount Hamilton , of Hamilton, in the Peerage of Great Britain on 24 August 1786. He
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#1732775719269300-486: The Duke also bears four titles in the Peerage of Scotland and two in the Peerage of Great Britain , and is one of three peers who have titles in those three peerages. The Duke of Abercorn also claims the French title of Duke of Châtellerault , created in 1548. In acknowledgement of his loyalty, James VI of Scotland (James I of England), conferred on the Hon. Claud Hamilton, third son of James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Arran ,
325-448: The Earls, Marquesses, and Dukes of Abercorn have been the rightful claimants to the peerage dignities of Earl of Arran (of the 1503 creation) and Lord Hamilton (of the 1445 creation), both in the Peerage of Scotland , as the most senior heirs-male of James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault , and this title is reflected in their coat of arms, with an inescutcheon of three fleurs-de-lys and a French ducal crown. Diana, Princess of Wales ,
350-541: The brother's heirs inherited the Earldom and other titles in 1680, in the person of Claud Hamilton, 4th Earl of Abercorn . He was attainted in Ireland in 1691, and the Barony of Strabane forfeited, but his brother Charles Hamilton, 5th Earl of Abercorn , obtained a reversal of the attainder and recovered in 1692. The 6th earl was at his accession an Irish baronet , "of Dunalong in the County of Tyrone, and of Nenagh in
375-628: The death of Francis Needham, 4th Earl of Kilmorey in 1961, none remains. The right of the Irish Peerage to elect representatives was abolished by the Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1971 . Titles in the Peerage of the United Kingdom have also referred to places in Ireland, for example Baron Arklow (created 1801 and 1881) or Baron Killarney (created 1892 and 1920). Since partition, only places in Northern Ireland have been used, although
400-762: The names of some Irish peerages refer to places in Great Britain (for example, the Earldom of Mexborough refers to a place in England and the Earldom of Ranfurly refers to a village in Scotland). Irish peerages continued to be created for almost a century after the union, although the treaty of union placed restrictions on their numbers: three needed to become extinct before a new peerage could be granted, until there were only one hundred Irish peers (exclusive of those who held any peerage of Great Britain subsisting at
425-534: The ninth Viscount in 1833. The family seat was Mount Merrion House , County Dublin : they also owned Baggotrath Castle and Merrion Castle , both of which have long since disappeared. The Viscounts FitzWilliam had no direct relationship with the Earls FitzWilliam . They are recorded in Ireland from the beginning of the thirteenth century, and through acquisition of large estates in Dublin, became within
450-500: The noble title of baron. Two Irish earldoms have become extinct since the passage of the House of Lords Act 1999 , both in 2011: Duke of Abercorn The title Duke of Abercorn ( / ˈ æ v ər k ɔːr n / ) is a title in the Peerage of Ireland . It was created in 1868 and bestowed upon James Hamilton, 2nd Marquess of Abercorn . Although the Dukedom is in the Peerage of Ireland, it refers to Abercorn , West Lothian , and
475-588: The other peerages are listed in italics . A modest number of titles in the peerage of Ireland date from the Middle Ages . Before 1801, Irish peers had the right to sit in the Irish House of Lords , on the abolition of which by the Union effective in 1801 by an Act of 1800 they elected a small proportion – twenty-eight Irish representative peers – of their number (and elected replacements as they died) to
500-530: The right to an automatic seat in 1963, with the Peerage Act 1963 ) had automatic seats in the House of Lords until 1999. The Earl of Darnley inherited the Baron Clifton in the Peerage of England in 1722–1900 and 1937–1999 as the barony is in writ . In Ireland, barony may also refer to a semi-obsolete political subdivision of a county . There is no connection between such a barony and
525-439: The time of the union, or of the United Kingdom created since the union). There was a spate of creations of Irish peerages from 1797 onward, mostly peerages of higher ranks for existing Irish peers, as part of the negotiation of the Act of Union; this ended in the first week of January 1801, but the restrictions of the Act were not applied to the last few peers. In the following decades, Irish peerages were created at least as often as
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#1732775719269550-412: The title Lord Paisley . His son James Hamilton was created Lord Abercorn on 5 April 1603, then on 10 July 1606 he was made Earl of Abercorn and Lord of Paisley, Hamilton, Mountcastell and Kilpatrick . His successor, the 2nd Earl of Abercorn, was additionally created Lord Hamilton, Baron of Strabane , in the Peerage of Ireland , on 8 May 1617. He resigned this dignity to his younger brother in 1633;
575-437: Was created Marquess of Hamilton , of Strabane, and Duke of Abercorn (in the Peerage of Ireland). His successor, the 2nd Duke, continued the family tradition by being awarded the Garter in 1892; the 3rd Duke served as MP for Londonderry and as Governor of Northern Ireland , along with being created a Knight of St Patrick and given the Garter. Currently, the holder of the Dukedom is James Hamilton, 5th Duke of Abercorn , also
600-516: Was succeeded by his nephew, who was created Marquess of Abercorn in the Peerage of Great Britain on 15 October 1790, after having sat in the House of Commons as MP for East Looe and for St Germans . He was made a Knight of the Order of the Garter in 1805. The 2nd Marquess, who had been given the Garter in 1844, served as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland from 1866 to 1868 (and again from 1874 to 1876); and on 10 August 1868, during his first term, he
625-471: Was succeeded in the barony and viscountcy by his younger brother William FitzWilliam, the third Viscount. William's grandson Richard, the fifth Viscount, represented Fowey in the British Parliament. His son Richard, the sixth Viscount, was a member of both the Irish and English Privy Councils. The seventh Viscount was a benefactor and musical antiquarian. The titles became extinct on the death of
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