35-588: [REDACTED] This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Vântoase" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR ( October 2020 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message ) Vântoase are creatures present in Romanian folklore , as
70-509: A boundless ocean called Apa Sâmbetei was the abode of God and the Devil, seen as master and servant rather than equals. In these stories the Devil goes by the name "Nefârtatul" and is the somewhat foolish brother of God in folk versions of stories. These stories appear not only in Romanian folklore, but also in those of Aromanian, Slavic Macedonian and Bulgarian folklore. Upon deciding to create
105-635: A large number of short novels and tales from popular mythology. They are centered on popular characters like the prince Făt-Frumos (the Romanian " Prince Charming "), the princess Ileana Cosânzeana , the villain or monster Zmeu or Căpcăun , the dragon Balaur or fantastic superbeings like the good Zână and the evil Muma Pădurii . Most of these names can be found in the Romanian Lore in reference to Vampires and Dragons. Arkan Sonney Arkan sonney / ɑː k ʌ n s ɒ n ɑː / ("lucky urchin" or "plentiful little pig")
140-453: A myriad of customs, tales and poems about love, faith, kings, princesses, and witches. Ethnologists, poets, writers and historians have tried in recent centuries to collect and to preserve tales, poems, ballads and have tried to describe as well as possible the customs and habits related to different events and times of year. Customs related to certain times of year are the colinde - Romanian Christmas carols , sorcova on New Year's Eve or
175-401: A simple shoe made of leather and tied around the foot called opincă and they wore a hat which differs in design from region to region. Women also wore a white skirt and a shirt with a vest. They wore an apron called șorț or cătrință which is also embroidered and a headscarf called basma ; on special occasions they wore more elaborate outfits. Music and dance represent a lively part of
210-472: A sort of female spirits ( iele ). Popular beliefs describe them as capable of causing dust storms and powerful winds, similar to harpies . They live in forests, in the air, in deep lakes, and use a special wagon for traveling. The Vântoase are also believed to be capable of attacking children, and the only protection against them is the mysterious "grass of the winds". References [ edit ] ^ Costin, Claudia (2018). Folkloric Aspects of
245-457: A source of inspiration for cultivated creators and a structural model. Second, for a long time learned culture was governed by official and social commands and developed around courts of princes and boyars, as well as in monasteries. Stories suggest God made the Earth with the help of animals, while the Devil was trying to thwart his plans. In the majority of versions, before the earth existed,
280-506: Is called also Easter of Deaths or Mighty Easter. Romanians generally perceived the Earth as a disc, and they imagined what existed on the other side. This other Earth is imagined as a mirror image of the planet, and as a home to creatures called Blajini [blaˈʒinʲ] ("gentle/kind-hearted ones"), sometimes given the name Rohmani [ˈroh.manʲ] in Bucovina . They are described as anthropomorphic and short, sometimes having
315-623: Is explained in a Russian doll -type fashion; before every God there was another God that created him. Thus explaining the many names the Bible used for God , the Oltenians believed the first God was called Sabaoth , followed by Amon , Apollo , the Creator God of the Bible and, finally, Jesus Christ . Even after Christian imagery and symbolism became part of Romanian culture, Mother Earth
350-578: Is for this reason that Romanians eat dyed eggs and let the shells flow downstream, from there they believe they will get to the Apa Sâmbetei , and from there to the Blajini. Blajini are invisible connectors between Inner and Hollow Earth. Blajin also means a dead child who did not receive the benediction of Holy Spirit. The ethnograph Marian Simion Florea wrote : Blajini are fictitious beings, incarnations of dead children not baptized who live at
385-511: Is identified as the consort of God, the heavenly Father . The origin of mountains is explained in a number of ways by the cultures of the different regions of Romania. One account is that mountains formed as a response to God demanding the Earth to nurture all life, to which the earth shuddered and brought forth mountains. Another version suggests the Earth was too large to fit under the firmament , and so God attempted to shrink it, thus raising mountains. Often, these accounts are accompanied by
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#1732798632449420-494: Is the Manx term for hedgehog . In Manx folklore it is a type of fairy animal that takes the form of a white pig that brings good fortune to those who manage to catch it. It was even considered a favourable omen just to have seen the "lucky piggy". It was also said that if you caught one you would always find a silver coin in your pocket. However, holding on to it for too long will result in bad fortune. In Fairy Tales From
455-486: Is the collection of traditions of the Romanians . A feature of Romanian culture is the special relationship between folklore and the learned culture, determined by two factors. First, the rural character of the Romanian communities resulted in an exceptionally vital and creative traditional culture. Folk creations (the best known is the ballad Miorița ) were the main literary genre until the 18th century. They were both
490-650: The Mărțișor custom on 1 March marking the spring. Other customs are presumably of pre-Christian pagan origin, like the Paparuda rain enchanting custom in the summer, or the masked folk theatre or Ursul (the bear) and Capra (the goat) in winter. Perhaps the most successful collector of folk tales was the novelist and storyteller Ion Creangă , who, in very picturesque language, shaped into their now-classic form stories like Harap Alb (roughly, "The White Moor") or Fata babei și fata moșului ("The old woman's daughter and
525-437: The Earth in every one of the four cardinal directions, he shied away from the cross he drew in the ground himself. Other accounts, closer to the biblical one, suggest that the Devil and his demons were once angels of God. The Devil, however, tried to rebel, and, in response, God opened up the heavens so that he might fall to the Earth. Fearing that Heaven might be voided, the archangel Michael re-sealed it, thus freezing
560-510: The Earth, God sent the Devil to bring a handful of clay from the ground of the World Ocean in his holy name. The Devil set forth and tried to bring it to the surface in his name instead, but could not succeed until he brought it up in the name of God. As this piece of clay grew into the Earth, God laid himself down to sleep. The Devil tried to push him over the side, but the ever-expanding Earth would hinder that. After trying to throw God off
595-1283: The Minch Bodach Boggart Bogle Boobrie Brag Brownie Brown Man of the Muirs Bucca Buggane Bugbear Bugul Noz Caoineag Cat sìth Cù Sìth Ceffyl Dŵr Clíodhna Clurichaun Coblynau Colt pixie Cyhyraeth Drude Duende Duergar Dullahan Dunnie Each-uisge Elf Alp Dökkálfar and Ljósálfar Elegast Erlking Huldufólk Queen of Elphame Svartálfar F–L Fachan Fairy Queen Fear dearg Fear gorta Fenodyree Finfolk Finvarra Fuath Gancanagh Ghillie Dhu Glaistig Glashtyn Groac'h Grindylow Gwragedd Annwn Gwyllion Gwyn ap Nudd Habetrot Hag Haltija The Hedley Kow Heinzelmännchen Hinzelmann Hob Hobbididance Hobgoblin Hödekin Iannic-ann-ôd Jack-o'-lantern Jack o'
630-1064: The Romanian Imaginary and Myth . Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 13. ISBN 9781527514737 . Retrieved 12 October 2020 . v t e Fairies in folklore Classifications of fairies Related articles Álfheimr Celtic sacred trees Changeling Elfshot Fairy godmother Fairy-lock Fairy painting Fairy riding Fairy tale List Fairy Tale (color) Familiar Genius loci Household deity Hungry grass Nature spirit Tutelary deity Water spirit Abodes and structures Fairy fort Fairyland Fairy path Fairy ring Attested fairies A–E Adhene Aibell Alp Luachra Anjana Aos Sí (Aes Sídhe) Arkan Sonney Asrai Baobhan sith Banshee Barghest Bean nighe Billy Blind Biróg Bloody Bones Bluecap Blue men of
665-487: The Romanian folklore and there are a great variety of musical genres and dances. Party music is very lively and shows both Balkan and Hungarian influences. Sentimental music, however, is the most valued, and Romanians consider their doina (a sad song either about one's home or about love, composed like an epic ballad) unique in the world. Maria Tănase is considered to be one of the greatest Romanian folk singers and today Grigore Leșe and Taraful Haiducilor are two of
700-474: The beginning of the End Times. Three saints (usually in the persons of Enoch , John and Elijah ) are said to come to Earth to unveil the Devil's attempts to destroy the world, whereupon they shall be killed by decapitation . The sky and the Earth will be set alight and the Earth will be purged, so that its Creator may descend upon it. The 12 winds are said to sweep up the ashes of people and gather them in
735-5671: The bowl Jenny Greenteeth Joan the Wad Joint-eater Kelpie Kilmoulis Knocker Knucker Kobold Klabautermann Korrigan Lady of the Lake Lazy Laurence Leanan sídhe Leprechaun Lubber fiend Lutin Ly Erg M–Z Mare Margot the fairy Meg Mullach Melusine Merrow Mooinjer veggey Morgen Morvarc'h Moss people Nain Rouge Nelly Longarms Nicnevin/Gyre-Carling Nisse Nixie Nuckelavee Nuggle Oberon Peg Powler Pillywiggin Pixie Púca/Pwca Puck Rå Bergsrå Hulder Radande Sjörå Skogsrå Redcap Schrat Sebile Selkie Seonaidh Shellycoat Sleih beggey Sluagh Spriggan Sprite/Water sprite Sylph Tomte Tooth fairy Trow Tylwyth Teg Undine Water bull Water horse Wicked fairy Wight Will-o'-the-wisp Wirry-cow Xana Yallery Brown Yan-gant-y-tan Fairy-like beings worldwide Worldwide Bogeyman Crone Humanoid Incubus / Succubus Little people Merfolk Mermaid Merman Africa Abatwa Asanbosam Aziza Bultungin Eloko Jengu Kishi Mami Wata Obayifo Rompo Simbi Tikoloshe Yumboes Americas Alux Anchimayen Caipora Canotila Chaneque Christmas elf Curupira Encantado Fearsome critters Grey alien Hopkinsville Goblins Ishigaq Jogah Little green men Muki Nimerigar Nordic alien Nûñnë'hï Pombero Pukwudgie Saci Trauco Yunwi Tsunsdi Asia Diwata Dokkaebi Fallen angel Fox spirit Hồ ly tinh Huli jing Huxian Inari Ōkami Kitsune Kumiho Hyang Irshi Jinn Kijimuna Korpokkur Mazzikin Mogwai Mrenh kongveal Orang bunian Peri Preta Hungry ghost Tennin Yaksha / Yakshini Yōkai Yōsei Zashiki warashi Oceania Bunyip Manaia Menehune Mimis Muldjewangk Nawao Patupaiarehe Taniwha Tipua Wandjina Yara-ma-yha-who Europe Eastern Bannik Căpcăun Domovoy Iele Karzełek Kikimora Leshy Lidérc Likho Ovinnik Polevik Psotnik Rusalka Sânziană Siren Spiriduș Ursitory Vadleany Vâlvă Vântoase Vodyanoy Zână Northern Aitvaras Ajatar Badb Black dog Gabija Gremlin Haltija Headless Horseman Hiisi Jack Frost Jimmy Squarefoot Lauma Menninkäinen Morgan Le Fay Pictish Beast Troll Tuatha Dé Danann Southern Basajaun Centaur Cercopes Circe Dionysus Doñas de fuera Farfadet Faun Hecate Hippocampus Kallikantzaros Kobalos Lamina Mairu Mouro Enchanted Moura Nymph List Pan Satyr Silenus Siren Squasc Thiasus Trenti Vila Western Dames blanches Dusios Dwarf Imp Lorelei Perchta Venus in German legend Vittra Witte Wieven / Weiße Frauen Cross-regional Christmas gift-bringer Santa Claus Companions of Elemental Fates Goblin Gnome Salamander Sandman Wild man See also List of hybrid creatures in folklore List of beings referred to as fairies [REDACTED] Category Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vântoase&oldid=1198294620 " Categories : Romanian legendary creatures Female legendary creatures Spirits Harpies Hidden categories: Articles needing additional references from October 2020 All articles needing additional references Romanian folklore The folklore of Romania
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#1732798632449770-470: The cemetery, nearby the tombs, after the religious mass and benediction, to all who wished to commemorate and pay their respects to the dead. They cheer up in memory of the deceased. The most prominent symbol associated with the End Times is that of the earthquake . Waters overflowing and mountains collapsing are both linked to these earthquakes, which are mainly caused by lack of faith, which accelerates
805-614: The crumbling of the World Pillars. Others attribute the earthquakes to the Earth (which is alive, and can therefore feel) realising the wicked ways of humans, and trembling in fright. Other rare natural phenomena such as Eclipses or Comets were seen as a sign of impending doom. If these warnings should fail, God will initiate the End of the World. Such imagery as a darkened Sun , a bleeding Moon and falling stars are associated with
840-417: The demons that had not yet fallen to hell in place. This is related to the concept of soul customs , where every soul is intercepted on its way to heaven by these demons, who force it into hell. It has also given rise to the Romanian saying până ajungi la Dumnezeu, te mănâncă sfinții ("before you reach God, the saints will eat you"). Another question commonly addressed is that of the origin of God, which
875-571: The destruction of the Earth. Strong folk traditions have survived to this day due to the rural character of the Romanian communities, which has resulted in an exceptionally vital and creative traditional culture. Romania's rich folk traditions have been nourished by many sources, some of which predate the Roman occupation. Traditional folk arts include wood carving, ceramics, weaving and embroidery of costumes, household decorations, dance, and richly varied folk music. Ethnographers have tried to collect in
910-517: The end of Earth, nearby The Holy water (of Saturday) . Some explain them as the descendants of Adam 's son Seth . Others think that they used to live alongside humans on the earth, but Moses , seeing his people oppressed by them, split the waters and, after he and his people had retreated to safety, poured the waters back onto them, sending them to their current abode. For celebrating the souls of dead relatives or friends, Romanians from above mentioned counties prepare festive meals and offer them, in
945-405: The head of a rat. They are either described as malicious or as having great respect for God and leading a sinless life. They are considered to fast the year through, and thus doing humans a great service. The Romanian holiday Paștele Blajinilor (Easter of Blajini) is a way to repay them for the benefits they bring. Since they live in isolation, they have no way of knowing when Easter comes. It
980-654: The imagery of one or several World Pillars, which sustain the earth from below and are usually placed beneath mountains. Earthquakes are frequently attributed to the earth slipping due to the Devil's constant gnawing at these pillars, which are rebuilt by God and his angels in times of fasting . The etymology of the word blajin (adj.) is the Slavonian blažĕnŭ meaning 'kind, well-minding person'. According to Christian calendar, Romanians from Banat, Transylvania, Bucovina and Maramureș counties celebrate Easter of Blajini on first Monday after St. Thomas Sunday. Easter of Blajini
1015-740: The last two centuries as many elements as possible: the Museum of the Romanian Peasant and the Romanian Academy are currently the main institutions which systematically organise the data and continue the research. Wood used to be the main construction material, and heavily ornamented wooden objects were common in old houses. In Maramureș , wood was used to create impressive structures such as churches or gates; in Dobruja , windmills were made of wood, and in mountainous regions hardwood
1050-483: The most famous musicians. The dances are lively and are practiced throughout Romania by a large number of professional and amateur groups, thus keeping the tradition alive; Hora is one of the most famous group dances but men's folk dances such as călușari are extremely complex and have been declared by UNESCO to be "Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritages of Humanity". Romanians have had, from time immemorial,
1085-422: The old man's daughter"). Also, the poet Vasile Alecsandri published the most successful version of the ballad Miorița ( The Little Ewe ), a sad, philosophical poem, centered on a simple action: the plot by two shepherds to kill a third shepherd because they envied his wealth. Another prolific editor of folk tales was Petre Ispirescu , who, in the 19th century published an impressive number of volumes containing
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1120-461: The succession of Gods mentioned earlier (s. here ), Jesus Christ is said to come and create a new world like his father before him. A not-so-widespread belief is that of a definitive destruction of the earth, whereupon God and the Devil shall divide the souls of the dead among themselves and retire to the Moon, who is considered to have been made in the image of the Earth to serve a place of retreat after
1155-562: The valley of Safed , where the Last Judgement shall be done. Sources form Moldova and Bucovina also speak of a great army led by the emperor Constantine , which will conquer all the world's states, and kill everyone save for a few pure ones, which will then repopulate the Earth. In another instance, should this army not come, God shall burn the earth as described and bring the Blajini to live there. In another version, true to
1190-417: The winter or colder periods. These are embroidered with traditional motifs that vary from region to region. Black is the most common colour used, but red and blue are predominant in certain areas. Traditionally, men wore a white shirt and pants (if made of wool they are called ițari ) with a wide leather belt, usually over the shirt, and a vest sometimes made of leather and embroidered. They wore either boots or
1225-859: Was used even for covering the roof. To preserve traditional houses, many village museums have been created in the last century throughout Romania, such as the Village Museum in Bucharest, the Traditional Popular Civilisation ASTRA Museum in Sibiu or the Oltenian Village Museum in Râmnicu Vâlcea . [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Linen was the most common material for clothing, combined with wool during
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