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88-593: The C-Class was available in rear- or all-wheel drive , the latter marketed as 4MATIC . The W204 platform was also used for the E-Class Coupé (C207) . Sub-models included the C 200 Kompressor , the C 230, the C 280, the C 350, the C 220 CDI, and the C 320 CDI. The C 180 Kompressor, C 230, and C 200 CDI were available in the beginning of August 2007. The W204 station wagon was not marketed in North America. Production reached over 2.4 million worldwide, and

176-524: A 'sport' grille with three wide matt-finish horizontal bars and a large, central emblem as well as an optional AMG bodykit, sport seats, three-spoke sport steering wheel, lower and stiffer sports suspension, upgraded brake piston calipers, and larger alloy wheels. W204s advertising predominantly featured the sport grille and AMG bodykit, especially in Canada and the United States. The W204 line offered

264-689: A 6.2-litre V8 engine exclusive to the C 63 AMG. 4Matic denotes all-wheel-drive models. For the C 220 CDI BlueEfficiency, automatic start/stop system was added in 2010. BlueEFFICIENCY BlueEFFICIENCY The 2007 Mercedes-Benz C Class was awarded Car of the Year in Australia by the Wheels Magazine , edging out the Ford Mondeo and the Mazda 2 for the award. It was also awarded "Executive Car of

352-618: A balance between ride comfort and agility. An optional advanced agility control package offered a sport mode button to enable a stiffer suspension setting and more precise handling. Unveiled at the 2007 Geneva Motor Show, the Vision C 220 BlueTEC is a concept saloon demonstrating Mercedes-Benz's first 4-cylinder Bluetec Diesel engine complying with the Euro 6 emission standard. The BlueTEC includes an inline-4 variable nozzle turbocharged engine with third-generation common-rail direct injection generating

440-558: A cold engine. Moreover, the EGR valve was controlled, in part, by vacuum drawn from the carburetor's venturi, which allowed more precise constraint of EGR flow to only those engine load conditions under which NO x is likely to form. Later, backpressure transducers were added to the EGR valve control to further tailor EGR flow to engine load conditions. Most modern engines now need exhaust gas recirculation to meet NO x emissions standards. However, recent innovations have led to

528-465: A diesel reduces the specific heat ratio of the combustion gases in the power stroke . This reduces the amount of power that can be extracted by the piston, thereby reducing the thermodynamic efficiency. EGR also tends to reduce the completeness of fuel combustion during the power stroke. This is plainly evident by the increase in particulate emissions that corresponds to an increase in EGR. Particulate matter (mainly carbon and also known as soot) that

616-420: A gasoline engine, this inert exhaust displaces some amount of combustible charge in the cylinder, effectively reducing the quantity of charge available for combustion without affecting the air-fuel ratio. In a diesel engine, the exhaust gas replaces some of the excess oxygen in the pre-combustion mixture. Because NO x forms primarily when a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen is subjected to high temperature,

704-599: A lineup mostly or entirely made up of FR cars. Japanese mainstream marques such as Toyota were almost exclusively FR until the late 1970s and early 1980s. Toyota's first FF vehicle was the Toyota Tercel, with the Corolla and Celica later becoming FF while the Camry was designed as an FF from the beginning. The Supra, Cressida, Crown , and Century remained FR. Luxury division Lexus has a mostly FR lineup. Subaru's BRZ

792-500: A luxury multifunction steering wheel and fine wood or aluminium trim in the interior. The C-Class Estate was unveiled at the 2007 Frankfurt International Motor Show . Later, it was displayed at the 40th Tokyo Motor Show 2007, followed by the Auto China 2010. The estate models went on sale in late 2007; early models included: C 200 CDI, C 220 CDI, C 320 CDI, C 320 CDI 4MATIC, C 180 Kompressor, C 200 Kompressor, C 230, C 280, C 350 and

880-400: A nitrogen oxide ( NO x ) emissions reduction technique used in petrol/gasoline , diesel engines and some hydrogen engines . EGR works by recirculating a portion of an engine's exhaust gas back to the engine cylinders . The exhaust gas displaces atmospheric air and reduces O 2 in the combustion chamber. Reducing the amount of oxygen reduces the amount of fuel that can burn in

968-415: A power output of 170 PS (125 kW; 168 hp) and 400 N⋅m (295 lb⋅ft) of torque, a 6-speed manual transmission, exhaust gas recirculation , particulate filter, oxidization and SCR catalytic converters. The car accelerates from 0–100 km/h (62 mph) in 8.5 seconds, and has a top speed of 229 km/h (142 mph). Unveiled at the 2007 Tokyo Motor Show , the C 300 Bluetec Hybrid

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1056-851: A radiator grille shutter, sealed joints between the hood and headlamps as well as between the rear fender and headlamps, streamlined exterior mirrors housing, lowered suspension (15 millimetres height reduction), aerodynamically tuned wheels; servo pump shut-off in power steering system; a new 6-speed manual transmission with newly developed final drive having further-improved anti friction bearings and forged differential gears, longer final-drive ratios (C 180 Kompressor and C 200 CDI models only); ECO Training mode cockpit; reduced engine displacement, optimised combustion chamber, mixture formation and engine friction (C 180 Kompressor); direct injection with max 200 bar piezoelectric fuel injectors (C 350 CGI BlueEFFICIENCY). Early models were introduced in Spring 2008, including

1144-895: A range of four-cylinder petrol and diesel engines, a 3.5-litre V6 petrol and a 3.0-litre V6 diesel engine are also available. The AMG variant, marketed as the C 63 AMG used the 6.2-litre V8 petrol engine. In the United Kingdom, the Classic trim level was marketed as the SE, and the Avantgarde trim with the AMG Sport Package was marketed as the Sport. In the United States, the C250, made in South Africa, in Avantgarde trim with

1232-401: A rear-wheel drive car is with the engine and transmission at the front of the car, mounted longitudinally. Other layouts of rear-wheel drive cars include front-mid engine, rear-mid engine, and rear-engine. Some manufacturers, such as Alfa Romeo, Lancia, Porsche (944, 924, 928) and Chevrolet (C5, C6, and C7 Corvettes), place the engine at the front of the car and the transmission at the rear of

1320-494: A reduction in fuel efficiency due to the back pressure created. Diesel particulate filters come with their own set of very specific operational and maintenance requirements. Firstly, as the DPF captures the soot particles (which are made far more numerous due to the use of EGR), the DPF itself progressively becomes loaded with soot. This soot must then be burned off, either actively or passively. At sufficiently high temperatures,

1408-627: A transverse front-wheel drive or all-wheel drive layout. In Australia, FR cars remained popular throughout this period, with the Holden Commodore and Ford Falcon having consistently strong sales until their discontinuation in the late 2010s. In Europe, front-wheel drive was popularized by small cars like the Mini , Renault 5 and Volkswagen Golf and adopted for all mainstream cars. Upscale marques like Mercedes-Benz , BMW , and Jaguar remained mostly independent of this trend and retained

1496-488: A typical automotive spark-ignited (SI) engine, 5% to 15% of the exhaust gas is routed back to the intake as EGR. The maximum quantity is limited by the need of the mixture to sustain a continuous flame front during the combustion event; excessive EGR in poorly set up applications can cause misfires and partial burns. Although EGR does measurably slow combustion, this can largely be compensated for by advancing spark timing. The impact of EGR on engine efficiency largely depends on

1584-552: Is a limited edition of the C 63 AMG with the AMG Performance Package Plus made specifically for the UK market. Introduced by Mercedes Specialist Products Division, it includes increased engine power to 525 PS (386 kW; 518 hp) and 650 N⋅m (479 lb⋅ft) of torque. The W204 C-Class completed 24 million test kilometers, and was until 2009 the most tested Mercedes-Benz ever. However, 2009 also saw

1672-712: Is a near-production study based on the C-Class Estate. The C 300 Bluetec has a 4-cylinder hybrid engine generating a combined power output of 224 PS (165 kW; 221 hp) and 560 N⋅m (413 lb⋅ft) of torque. Available from mid 2007, the 4MATIC models include a 7G-Tronic seven-speed automatic transmission, permanently active all wheel drive with 45:55 torque split, a transfer case with multi-disc clutch centre differential, 4ETS traction control and Electronic Stability Program. The C 320 CDI 4MATIC and C 350 4MATIC models also include Elegance and Avantgarde trim package option, which include 17-inch light-alloy wheels,

1760-459: Is a reduction in engine longevity. For example, because the EGR system routes exhaust gas directly back into the cylinder intake without any form of filtration, this exhaust gas contains carbon particulates . And, because these tiny particles are abrasive, the recirculation of this material back into the cylinder increases engine wear. This is so because these carbon particles will blow by the piston rings (causing piston-cylinder-interface wear in

1848-420: Is also omitted at idle (low-speed, zero load) because it would cause unstable combustion, resulting in rough idle. Since the EGR system recirculates a portion of exhaust gases, over time the valve can become clogged with carbon deposits, which will prevent it from operating properly. Clogged EGR valves can sometimes be cleaned, but replacement is necessary if the valve is faulty. Because diesel engines depend on

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1936-597: Is an FR car. The fact that a driveshaft is needed to transfer power to the rear wheels means a large centre tunnel between the rear seats; therefore, cars such as the Mazda RX8 and the Porsche Panamera forgo a centre rear seat and divide both seats by a centre tunnel. In the 21st century, most cars are FF, including all front-engined economy cars, though FR cars are making a return as an alternative to large sport-utility vehicles. In North America, GM returned to

2024-415: Is an increase in efficiency, as charge dilution allows a larger throttle position and reduces associated pumping losses. Mazda's turbocharged SkyActiv gasoline direct injection engine uses recirculated and cooled exhaust gases to reduce combustion chamber temperatures, thereby permitting the engine to run at higher boost levels before the air-fuel mixture must be enriched to prevent engine knocking . In

2112-494: Is effectively countered by the DPF, which collects these and in the end will burn those unburnt particles during regeneration, converting them into CO2 and water vapour emissions, that - unlike NOx gases - have no negative health effects. Modern cooled EGR systems help reduce engine wear by using the waste heat recouped from the recirculated gases to help warm the coolant and hence the engine block faster to operating temperature. This also helps lower fuel consumption through reducing

2200-418: Is more tolerant to EGR than gasoline. The first EGR systems were crude; some were as simple as an orifice jet between the exhaust and intake tracts which admitted exhaust to the intake tract whenever the engine was running. Difficult starting, rough idling, reduced performance and lost fuel economy inevitably resulted. By 1973, an EGR valve controlled by manifold vacuum opened or closed to admit exhaust to

2288-438: Is not burned in the power stroke represents wasted energy. Because of stricter regulations on particulate matter (PM), the soot-increasing effect of EGR required the introduction of further emission controls in order to compensate for the resulting PM emission increases. The most common soot-control device is a diesel particulate filter (DPF) installed downstream of the engine in the exhaust system. This captures soot but causes

2376-516: Is reportedly the first AMG-Mercedes designed from the ground up. Its AMG C-Class predecessors had essentially featured bolt on performance modifications, and according to Car and Driver , these earlier AMG models suffered from "relentless understeer" and "heavy steering". The C 63 AMG has a revised front suspension that is shared with the CLK 63 AMG Black Series . The ESP features a full defeat mode, interfering only under heavy braking. The C 63 AMG also had

2464-677: The 300 and Charger on a FR platform. They also maintain FR layout on the now unibody Grand Cherokee and Durango . Hyundai and Kia have also been working with new FR-based vehicles in the US, the Genesis Coupe and Sedan, the Equus and the new Kia Quoris . Ford, on the other hand, seems to be moving away from FR-based vehicles with the discontinuation of the Panther Platform in 2011 and

2552-663: The Corvette , Firebird and Camaro . Ford's Mustang has stayed rear-wheel drive, as it must maintain a sporty presence, as were Ford's full-size cars based on the Ford Panther platform (the Ford Crown Victoria , Mercury Grand Marquis , and Lincoln Town Car ) until they were discontinued in 2011 in favour of the Ford Taurus, which Ford discontinued production in 2019, being formally available with either

2640-626: The 1970s. After the Arab oil embargo of 1973 and the 1979 fuel crises , a majority of American FR vehicles (station wagons and luxury sedans) were phased out for the front-engine, front-wheel drive (FF) layout – this trend would spawn the SUV-van conversion market. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, most American companies set as a priority the eventual removal of rear-wheel drive from their mainstream and luxury lineup. Chrysler went 100% FF by 1990 and GM 's American production went entirely FF by 1997 except

2728-427: The 2008–2011 model year, the dashtop features a deployable central sliding cover panel over an LCD colour screen for entertainment and information functions. The optional navigation system, marketed as COMAND APS integrates a larger, 7-inch TFT screen into the deployable panel. Post MY2012 models feature a fixed screen similar to E-Class and GLK-Class models. 2010 W204s received revised turn signals integrated into

Mercedes-Benz C-Class (W204) - Misplaced Pages Continue

2816-550: The 4MATIC all-wheel-drive system, There were no Classic/SE trim models, no models with diesel engine, and no station wagon models available in the US market. The Canadian market offered only the AMG Line trim level; four-cylinder models and station wagon models were not offered. The base C 230 model (renamed the C 250 from the 2010 model year) was exclusive to the Canadian market and was the only model that has amenities similar to

2904-644: The AMG Performance Package was used as official F1 Medical Car at the 2011 Formula 1 World Championship series. BlueEFFICIENCY BlueEFFICIENCY BlueEFFICIENCY The C 230 is sold as C 250 in Japan and Canada and as C 260 in China. Since November 2009, the updated CGI engines replaced the Kompressor engines, with the same power output, more torque, and better fuel efficiency. The C 250 CGI, using

2992-512: The AMG Sport Package was available on the C-250 with a four-cylinder turbocharged 1.8L engine, 7 speed automatic gearbox and RWD and the C-300 (the only US market C-Class with a standard manual transmission (manual transmission was only available with RWD), with 4MATIC system available as an option) and the C 350 Sport (RWD only).The Elegance trim was only available on the C 300 Luxury with an option for

3080-527: The AMG package appeared in the game Second Life starting on 16 March 2007, where the player can purchase the virtual model for 1,500 Linden Dollars or virtually test-drive it on a challenging track. As part of the C-Class station wagon campaign, Mercedes-Benz launched a print ad showing the C-Class station wagon on a stage, flanked by a curtain and background scenery. The previously launched Mobile Special campaign

3168-542: The Australasia-only Falcon in 2016. Excluding trucks, vans, and SUVs, the Mustang is the only FR vehicle remaining in their lineup. With the increasing popularity of electric vehicles , RWD layouts have become more common again, as the packaging advantages of FWD layouts do not apply to these vehicles, whereas the generally more powerful drivetrains benefit from the better traction during acceleration of

3256-462: The Bremen plant. Rear wheel drive Rear-wheel drive ( RWD ) is a form of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles, in which the engine drives the rear wheels only. Until the late 20th century, rear-wheel drive was the most common configuration for cars. Most rear-wheel drive vehicles feature a longitudinally-mounted engine at the front of the car. The most common layout for

3344-424: The C 180 Kompressor BlueEFFICIENCY, C 200 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY and the C 350 CGI BlueEFFICIENCY. The C 220 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY, C 250 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY and the C 250 CGI BlueEFFICIENCY were introduced in 2009. The C 250 CGI BlueEfficiency includes direct injection. All 3 models include the choice of saloon or station wagon bodystyles. The C 180 CGI BlueEFFICIENCY, C 200 CGI BlueEFFICIENCY, C 220 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY and

3432-446: The C 200 CGI BlueEFFICIENCY. The C 250 CDI 4MATIC BlueEFFICIENCY includes Electronic Stability Program and the 4ETS traction system. The C 350 CGI BlueEFFICIENCY was unveiled at the 2008 Geneva Motor Show . Standard trim level on the C 350 CGI BlueEFFICIENCY included standard Elegance or Avantgarde packages, and 3.5L 90 degree V6 stratified charge direct injection M272E35 engine was used. The saloon model includes an AMG lip spoiler on

3520-438: The C 250 CDI 4MATIC BlueEFFICIENCY were added to the range in 2010, with the C 250 CDI 4MATIC BlueEFFICIENCY and the C 220 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY being available in autumn 2010. All of the 4 models include the choice of saloon or estate bodystyles. ECO start/stop function is included for C 180 CGI BlueEFFICIENCY, C 200 CGI BlueEFFICIENCY and the C 220 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY. Direct petrol injection were added for C 180 CGI BlueEFFICIENCY and

3608-650: The C 63 AMG has a revised ECU and crankshaft , as well as rotating assembly components from M159 engine found in the SLS AMG. The Edition 507 was first shown at the Geneva Motor Show in 2013 as the swansong of the much feted 6.2-litre naturally aspirated V8 engine. Available as a Coupe, Saloon and Estate, the Edition 507 came with a power increase to 507 PS, hence the name, which was available at 6800 rpm with torque of 610 Nm at 5200 rpm. Engine wise, it adopts

Mercedes-Benz C-Class (W204) - Misplaced Pages Continue

3696-459: The C 63 AMG. The BlueEFFICIENCY variants achieved better economy and weight reduction by using a newly developed windscreen made of laminated glass by AGC shared with the Maybach saloon, optimised noise-insulating firewall lining, lightweight forged wheels with low rolling resistance tyres from Michelin, a lightweight transmission; reducing drag coefficient to 0.25 via smooth under-body cladding,

3784-533: The C-Class in an especially attractive environment. Vacationers who stayed at selected Robinson Club Resorts and Westin Hotels & Resorts facilities in Germany, Austria, Scotland, Italy, Spain, Portugal and Greece between May and September 2007 had the opportunity to test-drive the new C-Class. Premium shopping mall attendants could also test drive the cars during April and May 2007. The new C-Class also appeared in

3872-509: The C-Class sales reached 500,000 units, with 440,000 saloons and 60,000 wagons. The 250,000th C-Class – an iridium silver metallic C 220 CDI saloon – was produced in Sindelfingen and delivered to a customer in Japan. In mid-2010, the C-Class sales reached one million units, with 840,000 saloons and over 160,000 wagons. United States occupied 25 percent of total sales, followed by Germany and China. The C-Class Coupé production began in 2011 at

3960-463: The DPF by burning diesel fuel directly in the oxidation catalyst in order to significantly increase exhaust-gas temperatures through the DPF to the point where PM is incinerated by the residual oxygen in the exhaust. Because diesel fuel and engine oil both contain nonburnable (i.e. metallic and mineral) impurities, the incineration of soot (PM) in the DPF leaves behind a residue known as ash. For this reason, after repeated regeneration events, eventually

4048-547: The DPF must either be physically removed and cleaned in a special external process, or it must be replaced. As noted earlier, the feeding of the low-oxygen exhaust gas into the diesel engine's air intake engenders lower combustion temperatures, thereby reducing emissions of NO x . By replacing some of the fresh air intake with inert gases EGR also allows the engine to reduce the amount of injected fuel without compromising ideal air-fuel mixture ratio, therefore reducing fuel consumption in low engine load situation (for ex. while

4136-624: The Elegance/Luxury trim with the traditional grille and three-point star hood ornament. The other C-Class models (C 300, C 350 and C 63 respectively) offered the AMG body kit and sport grille as standard. These amenities were available as an CAD800 option for the C 230 model as the Sport Package (which rose to CAD1200 for the 2011 model year due to the new LED fog lights). All models except the C 63 AMG and C350 were available in both rear-wheel-drive and all-wheel-drive (4Matic). For

4224-596: The German Touring Car Masters series starting on 22 April 2007. Mercedes-Benz also started a Mobile Special campaign that included special mobile client software that could be called up either by text messaging (SMS) from a number assigned to each country or directly from the Mercedes-Benz website in the participating markets. The Mobile Special also contained the dates of C-Class events and invitations to callers. The C-Class Avantgarde model with

4312-538: The M271 engine with charged gasoline injection engine replaced the C 230 using the 2.5-litre V6 engine. The M271 engine generated the same power output but had more torque. The C-Class (W204) models were available with a choice of rear and all-wheel drive (the AWD system is the fourth-generation of the 4Matic system which was not available in right-hand drive format), along with a variety of four and six-cylinder engines along with

4400-784: The M276DE35 engine was increased from 215 kW (292 PS; 288 hp) to 225 kW (306 PS; 302 hp) for 2012–2014. The C 250 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY Prime Edition was unveiled at the 2008 Paris Motor Show . It is a limited (5,000 units) version of the C 250 CDI BlueEfficiency saloon with the Avantgarde package included as standard. Standard features include 16-inch light-alloy wheels with 205/55 R16 tyres with 16-inch 7-spoke wheel with 205/55 R16 tyres and 17-inch light-alloy 5-twin-spoke wheels with 225/45 R17 front and 245/40 R17 rear tyres available as no-cost options; floor mats with "Prime Edition" lettering and aluminium interior trim with optional bird's-eye maple interior trim. The C 63 AMG

4488-507: The RWD layout. Modern electronic stability control largely negate the potentially more difficult handling during challenging circumstances. Some examples of electric models utilizing a RWD layout are the single motor variants of the Tesla Model 3 , Volkswagen ID.4 and Kia EV6 . Exhaust gas recirculation In internal combustion engines , exhaust gas recirculation ( EGR ) is

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4576-532: The W204 C-Class saloons were produced in Sindelfingen German, and East London , South Africa. The W204 C-Class Estate production began at DaimlerChrysler in Bremen. At the time of its market launch (mid-2007), 75,000 orders had been received for the W204 C-Class saloon. The total sales of the C-Class reached 261,500 in 2007. In mid-2008, the C-Class sales exceeded 300,000 units. In late 2008,

4664-470: The W204 was the brand's best selling vehicle at the time. In the summer of 2003, the development of the W204 C-Class used a "digital prototype", a 2.1 terabyte digital replica of the car, over a virtual distance of 15 million miles. An industry first, the digital testing allowed for crash testing before a physical prototype existed. The design of W204 was finalized in 2003 and a German design patent application

4752-510: The Year" by Top Gear Magazine for the 2007 Top Gear Awards as well as being awarded 2007–08 Japan's Import Car of the Year in late 2007 and again in late 2011 for 2011–12. The 2007 Mercedes-Benz C-Class was awarded 'Yellow Angel 2008' by ADAC , and the C 63 AMG was awarded Europe Tuning Car of the Year 2008 by journalists of the UIGA, the Italian association of motoring journalists. During

4840-437: The armrest on the centre console, was available in conjunction with Nappa leather appointments as an option. In 2010, Mercedes-AMG introduced a new AMG P31 Development Package which included a power increase to 487 PS (358 kW; 480 hp) as compared to 457 PS (336 kW; 451 hp) for the standard model. Top speed was also increased to 280 km/h (174 mph) as a result. When equipped with this package,

4928-421: The boot lid, a dual-flow exhaust system with polished stainless steel tailpipes, a seven-speed 7G-TRONIC automatic transmission, 16-inch light alloy wheels with 17-inch wheels available as a no cost option, a speed-sensitive steering and the "Speedtronic" cruise control with a variable speed limiter. Coinciding with the 2011 facelift , new 3.5L 60 degree V6 M276DE35 engine debuted on C350 in 2011. Although M276

5016-402: The car, in order to provide a more balanced weight distribution. This configuration is often referred to as a transaxle since the transmission and axle are one unit. Many of the cars built in the 19th century were rear-wheel drive, often with the engine mounted at the rear of the car. The first rear-wheel drive car with the engine mounted at the front was an 1895 Panhard model, so this layout

5104-488: The combustion temperatures. In modern diesel engines , the EGR gas is usually cooled with a heat exchanger to allow the introduction of a greater mass of recirculated gas. However, uncooled EGR designs do exist; these are often referred to as hot-gas recirculation (HGR). Cooled EGR components are exposed to repeated, rapid changes in temperatures, which can cause coolant leak and catastrophic engine failure. Unlike spark-ignition engines , diesel engines are not limited by

5192-430: The cylinder thereby reducing peak in-cylinder temperatures. The actual amount of recirculated exhaust gas varies with the engine operating parameters. In the combustion cylinder, NO x is produced by high-temperature mixtures of atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen, and this usually occurs at cylinder peak pressure. In a spark-ignition engine, an ancillary benefit of recirculating exhaust gases via an external EGR valve

5280-415: The development of engines that do not require them. The 3.6 Chrysler Pentastar engine is one example that does not require EGR. The exhaust gas contains water vapor and carbon dioxide which both have lower heat capacity ratio than air. Adding exhaust gas therefore reduces pressure and temperature during the isentropic compression in the cylinder, thereby lowering the adiabatic flame temperature . In

5368-411: The disadvantage of concentrating all the weight in one location. In order to reduce the relative weight of the drive shaft, the transmission was normally split into two parts: the gearbox and the final drive. The gearbox was normally produced with its highest gear being 1:1, which offers some mechanical advantages. The final drive, in the rear axle, would then reduce this to the most appropriate speed for

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5456-431: The form of an undesirable positive-feedback loop, will worsen as the engine ages. For example, as the piston rings progressively wear out, more crankcase oil will get into the exhaust stream. Simultaneously, more fuel and soot and combustion byproducts will gain access to the engine oil.) The end result of this recirculation of both exhaust gas and crankcase oil vapour is again an increase in soot production, which however

5544-569: The front axle and red or yellow painted brake callipers, composite brake discs connected aluminium bowl via cast-in arms, carbon fibre lip spoiler on the boot lid (saloon), AMG performance steering wheel in Nappa leather with a grip area trimmed in Alcantara. The package went on sale in December 2009. Optional black designo leather, covering the upper section of the dashboard, the upper door trim and

5632-402: The heat of compression to ignite their fuel, they are fundamentally different from spark-ignited engines. The physical process of diesel-fuel combustion is such that the most complete combustion occurs at the highest temperatures. Unfortunately, the production of nitrogen oxides ( NO x ) increases at high temperatures. The goal of EGR is thus to reduce NO x production by reducing

5720-502: The intake tract only under certain conditions. Control systems grew more sophisticated as automakers gained experience; Volkswagen's "Coolant Controlled Exhaust Gas Recirculation" system of 1973 exemplified this evolution: a coolant temperature sensor blocked vacuum to the EGR valve until the engine reached normal operating temperature . This prevented driveability problems due to unnecessary exhaust induction; NO x forms under elevated temperature conditions generally not present with

5808-686: The last one running with the converter locked allowing the driver to hold the engine at the rev limit. Car and Driver tested the car in their December 2007 issue and recorded a 0–97 km/h (60 mph) acceleration time of 3.9 seconds and a quarter-mile time of 12.3 seconds at 187 km/h (116 mph). In 2009, Mercedes-AMG introduced the Performance Package Plus for the C 63 AMG saloon and estate models. In 2011, this package included increasing power to 487 PS (358 kW; 480 hp) at 6,800 rpm and 600 N⋅m (443 lb⋅ft) of torque at 5,000 rpm, compound brake discs on

5896-453: The latter is only there to reduce oil vapor emissions, and can be present on engines with or without any EGR system. However, the tripartite mixture resulting from employing both EGR and PCV in an engine (i.e. exhaust gas, fresh air, and oil vapour) can cause the buildup of sticky tar in the intake manifold and valves. This mixture can also cause problems with components such as swirl flaps , where fitted. (These problems, which effectively take

5984-534: The launch of the C-Class saloon in 2007, Mercedes-Benz started the 'C-for Yourself' campaign developed by BBDO France, featuring an online campaign with a new 360-degree soft configurator and a host of interactive films; A 30-/40-second television commercial with the then new Formula 1 world champion Fernando Alonso as brand ambassador. An 'Exclusive Driving Experience' campaign in Barcelona (1–3 April 2007) allowed some 80 consumers from all over Europe to experience

6072-639: The launch of the W212 E-Class , which completed 36 million test kilometers. The C 63 AMG was the official Safety Car for the second DTM race of the 2008 season in Oschersleben. In the 2009 Formula 1 season, C 63 AMG Estate became the Official F1 Medical Car. FCP Euro modified a C 300 to compete in the 2017 American Endurance Racing Series. The car made its debut appearance at Road Atlanta February 10, 2017. A C 63 AMG Estate with

6160-490: The lower combustion chamber temperatures caused by EGR reduces the amount of NO x that the combustion process generates. Gases re-introduced from EGR systems will also contain near equilibrium concentrations of NO x and CO; the small fraction initially within the combustion chamber inhibits the total net production of these and other pollutants when sampled on a time average. Chemical properties of different fuels limit how much EGR may be used. For example methanol

6248-458: The need for a contiguous flamefront. Furthermore, since diesels always operate with excess air, they benefit (in terms of reduced NO x output) from EGR rates as high as 50%. However, a 50% EGR rate is only suitable when the diesel engine is at idle, since this is when there is otherwise a large excess of air. Because modern diesel engines often have a throttle, EGR can reduce the need for throttling, thereby eliminating this type of loss in

6336-422: The nitrogen dioxide component of NO x emissions is the primary oxidizer of the soot caught in the DPF at normal operating temperatures. This process is known as passive regeneration, and it is only partially effective at burning off the captured soot. And, especially at high EGR rates, the effectiveness of passive regeneration is further reduced. This, in turn, necessitates periodic active regeneration of

6424-468: The passenger side fascia. Performance wise, the limited top speed was increased to 280 km/h (174 mph). Unveiled at the 2010 Australian International Motor Show , the Concept 358 is a version of C 63 AMG saloon with designo Pearl Orange body colour, AMG Performance Package Plus, 19-inch multi spoke alloy wheels in black, Keyless-Go entry system and extended designo leather upholstery. The DR 520

6512-471: The process) and then end up in the crankcase oil, where they will cause further wear throughout the engine simply because their tiny size passes through typical oil filters. This enables them to be recirculated indefinitely (until the next oil change takes place). Exhaust gas—which consists largely of nitrogen, carbon dioxide , and water vapor—has a higher specific heat than air, so it still serves to lower peak combustion temperatures. However, adding EGR to

6600-774: The production of FR-based luxury vehicles with the 2003 Cadillac CTS . As of 2012, all but the SRX and XTS are FR-based vehicles. Chevrolet reintroduced the FR-based Camaro in 2009, and the Caprice PPV in 2011. Pontiac also had a short run with the FR-based G8 and Pontiac Solstice . A Chevrolet replacement for the G8 called the Chevrolet SS was released in 2013 and uses the FR layout. Chrysler and Dodge reintroduced

6688-499: The quickest, most responsive steering of any Mercedes automobile at the time. The Mercedes-Benz M156 engine , despite being detuned compared to other AMG offerings using the same powerplant, still provides the C 63 AMG with more horsepower and torque over its direct rivals such as the Audi RS4 and BMW M3 . The 7G-Tronic 7-speed automatic transmission has AMG SpeedShift with four shift modes – Comfort, Sport, Sport + and Manual – with

6776-424: The same way that it does for spark-ignited engines. In a naturally aspirated (i.e. nonturbocharged) engine, such a reduction in throttling also reduces the problem of engine oil being sucked past the piston rings into the cylinder and causing oil-derived carbon deposits there. (This benefit only applies to nonturbocharged engines.) In diesel engines in particular, EGR systems come with serious drawbacks, one of which

6864-420: The side mirrors. From the 2011 model year on, the bumper fog lamps in the AMG bodykit were replaced by LED lights, except for the C 63 AMG which retained its unique bumper. The C-class offered a system marketed as the agility control package, which provided revised agility and ride quality via hydro-mechanics, which analysed road conditions and driving habits, and adjusted damper and suspension settings to provide

6952-513: The slightly lighter V8 from the SLS AMG, which included an uprated ECU, new conrods, a lightweight crankshaft and forged pistons. Externally, the Edition 507 carries the same vented aluminium bonnet from the Black Series, light-alloy spoke wheels, AMG side stripes and a boot lid spoiler. For the interior, there was the alcantara covered steering wheel, a special AMG emblem on the gear shifter, optional two-tone leather and an Edition 507 plaque on

7040-401: The specific engine design, and sometimes leads to a compromise between efficiency and NO x emissions. In certain types of situations, a properly operating EGR can theoretically increase the efficiency of gasoline engines via several mechanisms: EGR is typically not employed at high loads because it would reduce peak power output. This is because it reduces the intake charge density. EGR

7128-436: The time after cold starts during which the engine controller has to inject somewhat larger amounts of fuel into the cylinders to counter the effects of fuel vapor condensation on cylinder walls and lowered combustion effectiveness because of the engine block still being below ideal operating temperature. Lowering combustion temperatures also helps reducing the oxidization of engine oil, as the most significant factor affecting that

7216-452: The vehicle is coasting or cruising). Power is not reduced by EGR at any times, as EGR is not employed in high load engine situations. This allows engines to still deliver maximum power when needed, but lower fuel consumption despite large cylinder volume when partial load is sufficient to meet the power needs of the car and the driver. EGR has nothing to do with oil vapor re-routing from a positive crankcase ventilation system (PCV) system, as

7304-416: The wheels. As power is the product of torque and angular velocity, spinning the shaft faster for any given power reduces the torque and allows a lighter shaft construction. In an era when petrol was cheap and cars were heavy, the mechanical advantages of the front-engine, rear-wheel-drive (FR) drivetrain layout made up for any disadvantage in weight terms. It remained almost universal among car designs until

7392-423: Was also a stratified charge direct injection engine as the predecessor M272, the moniker 'CGI' was dropped from the naming. The radiator grille shutter for saloon and stationwagon, and the foldable rear seat back as well as the boot lid spoiler on the saloon body were eliminated. 225/45R17 front and 245/40R17 rear tires became standard, with 225/40R18 front and 255/35R18 rear tires as a no cost option. Power output of

7480-483: Was expanded to include the wagon. Mercedes-Benz also held test driving events between December 2007 and April 2008 in selected Robinson Club resorts, various vacation resorts in Fuerteventura and Turkey, Serfaus , Fiss , Ladis , and Ski Amadé (Austria). Between December 2007 and January 2008, spontaneous test driving events were also held in selected upmarket shopping centres and malls in Germany. Since 2007,

7568-408: Was first filed on 9 September 2004, demonstrating a W204 fiberglass design model. DaimlerChrysler introduced the W204 C-Class on 18 January 2007 at the 2007 Geneva Auto Show . Deliveries began in late March 2007 in almost all European countries. Typically, Mercedes offered the W204 in three trim and equipment levels, marketed as Classic, Elegance and Avantgarde. The base trim, marketed as Classic,

7656-415: Was known as the "Système Panhard" in the early years. The layout has the advantage of minimizing mechanical complexity, as it allows the transmission to be placed in-line with the engine output shaft, spreading weight under the vehicle. In comparison, a vehicle with the engine over the driven wheels eliminates the need for the drive shaft (replacing this with the transaxle of lighter combined weight), but has

7744-415: Was offered with smaller four-cylinder engines and cloth seats or optional leatherette , marketed as ARTICO . Elegance trim featured standard leatherette upholstery with optional leather. The Avantgarde offered Liverpool fabric/leatherette seats or optional leather. Classic and Elegance retained a traditional Mercedes-Benz grille , with horizontal chrome bars and standing hood emblem. Avantgarde trim featured

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