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114-398: As a result of the revamp, Chris Claremont moved from writing X-Treme X-Men to writing Uncanny X-Men , with Alan Davis doing the art. Chuck Austen moved from writing Uncanny X-Men to New X-Men , which returned to its old name of simply X-Men , with Salvador Larroca , who had been working with him on Uncanny X-Men doing the art. Finally, Joss Whedon entered as the writer of

228-566: A brand new direction as part of the ReLoad event. Some of the most notable changes that had the most impact were the X.S.E. moving to the newly rebuilt mansion as their main headquarters, the Danger Room gained self-awareness and became a sentient being, Rogue finally learning her real name, Kitty Pryde returned to the X-Men full-time, Cyclops and Emma Frost became co-headmasters of

342-475: A cameo appearance as a Congressional committee member alongside fellow comic book writer Len Wein in an early scene in the 2014 film X-Men: Days of Future Past . In December 2010 Claremont appeared at a book signing at Borders Books at Penn Plaza in Manhattan as part of a series of events nationwide to commemorate World AIDS Day , with 25% of the proceeds of books sold at the event donated to Lifebeat,

456-418: A complete bad ass has been himself all his life, that he's been lying to everyone, including himself, about who he is — that should be freeing. The Scott we're going to see is going to be a little bit different. This guy is either completely out of control or in control of something we're not used to. I wanted him to be an unabashed tough guy. He is shooting people and turning very much into a leader. Not everyone

570-558: A five-part epilogue: AvX: Consequences . As part of Marvel NOW! , there are two Cyclopes: the original Cyclops is featured in volume 3 of The Uncanny X-Men , which was launched in February 2013, and a younger time-displaced version as part of the All-New X-Men team, both series are written by Brian Michael Bendis and drawn by Chris Bachalo . Uncanny X-Men features the remnants of Cyclops' Extinction Team, who have taken up

684-623: A full-time position. One of the first new characters created by Claremont was Madrox the Multiple Man in Giant-Size Fantastic Four #4 (Feb. 1975). Marvel's editor-in-chief at the time, Len Wein , who recognized Claremont's enthusiasm for the new X-Men that Wein and Dave Cockrum had created in 1975, hired Claremont, a relatively young writer, to take over the series as of issue #94 (May 1975), reasoning that doing so would not draw opposition from other writers, given

798-505: A machine to steal the powers of twelve select mutants and the body of Nate Grey which will make him virtually omnipotent. In order to save Nate, Cyclops willingly merges with the villain Apocalypse. He is believed dead until Jean and Cable track him down to Egypt and separate him from Apocalypse, killing Apocalypse's spirit in the process. Upon Cyclops' return to the X-Men following his possession, his personality has been altered as

912-429: A metal crane causing it to fall towards an onlooking crowd. Scott thinks quickly unleashing a second blast that destroys the crane. The crowd thinks this is an act of violence, and forms a lynch mob. Scott hops onto a train and runs away. Wandering Scott encounters Jack O' Diamonds who tries to recruit Scott as a thief/villain but eventually battles the villain. Scott is found by Charles Xavier , directly after who erases

1026-492: A need for its use, with a Finding Aid being made available online. Claremont's longtime editor Louise Simonson said, "his papers will provide many clues, not only to the evolving way comic books are created and presented, but also how they are perceived, licensed, bought and sold in America and around the world." A symposium called Comic New York was held March 24–25, 2012 at Columbia University's Low Memorial Library to mark

1140-400: A new group of X-Men, which includes Storm , Colossus , Nightcrawler , Banshee , Thunderbird , Sunfire and Wolverine to rescue the others. When the other original X-Men ( Angel , Beast , Iceman , Jean Grey, and later additions Havok (his own brother Alex) and Polaris ) decide to leave in light of the arrival of the new X-Men, Cyclops stays, feeling that he will never be able to lead

1254-503: A nonprofit organization that educates young people on HIV /AIDS prevention. In July 2011 Claremont signed a deed of gift to Columbia University 's Rare Book & Manuscript Library , donating his archives of all his major writing projects over the previous 40 years to the Library's nascent comics archives collection, forming the foundation of a research collection focusing on New York City-based cartoonists and comics writers. Following

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1368-605: A normal life because of the uncontrollable nature of his powers. As an adult member of the X-Men, Cyclops unknowingly meets his father, now known as Corsair , leader of the Starjammers , a group of aliens opposing what they see as the tyranny of the Shi'ar empire. Jean learns of Corsair 's identity but keeps it from Scott and several more years pass before he learns his father's true identity. Cyclops privately questions his relationship with Jean after Jean dies trying to pilot

1482-531: A parachute and pushed them off the plane, hoping that they would survive. In Cyclops's first appearance in The X-Men #1, he is already leading the X-Men under tutelage of Professor X . Later, Scott's origin is first presented in The Uncanny X-Men #38–42 and later refined in The Uncanny X-Men #144 and The Uncanny X-Men #156. In 2010, Marvel released X-Men Origins : Cyclops #1 that describes

1596-466: A passionate kiss on the way home. A few days before Jean dies, Scott psychically proposes, and she accepts. After her death, he quits the X-Men, unsure of what to do anymore. He signs on as crew of a fishing boat, captained by Lee Forrester . After an adventure in which Lee's father is possessed by D'Spayre , Cyclops and the Man-Thing must fight D'Spayre, Scott and Lee find themselves shipwrecked in

1710-515: A real relationship with Emma. Together, the pair rebuild the Xavier Institute as co-headmasters. The new relationship between Emma and Scott leads to problems between them and the rest of the X-Men, all of whom believe that the pair are doing Jean's memory a disservice. Rachel Summers in particular feels hurt and angry by her father's lack of remorse for the psychic affair that hurt Jean before her death and Emma's part in it, and takes on

1824-515: A relationship with Jean Grey during their time in the "original" X-Men. For a long time, he refuses to admit, even to himself, that he has feelings for her, afraid he would be hurt again or that his optic blasts would hurt her – or anyone else he cared about for that matter – and also because he feels he is no match for his wealthy teammate Warren Worthington III , a.k.a. Angel, who is at first also romantically interested in Jean. What Scott does not know

1938-409: A result of being bonded with Apocalypse. This change causes a rift between him and Jean; he claims that Apocalypse made him question not only their relationship, but his life as a whole. He is instrumental in preventing the mutant Xorn 's suicide and in recruiting the powerful mutant to the X-Men. The two establish a close friendship; similarly, repeated missions with Wolverine result in the growth of

2052-746: A revolutionary, and sometimes violent course to promote mutant rights, and started up a new school for new mutants, the New Charles Xavier School for the Gifted. The younger Cyclops tries to make sense of his future and find a place for himself, while deciding if he even wants to stay an X-Man. In the new Dawn of X saga Cyclops has been given the role of Great Captain Commander. The X-Men Senior Editor Jordan D. White said regarding Cyclops role in Krakoa in an interview: "I think he [Cyclops]

2166-494: A romance with Jean, reclaiming his son. Scott soon learns that Mister Sinister ran the orphanage in which Scott was raised, and battled Sinister over this. Shortly after the X-Tinction Agenda , Scott reencounters Apocalypse, who infects Nathan with a techno-organic virus . Although Scott saves his son with the help of his teammates and through the combined strength of Nathan, Jean, and himself defeats Apocalypse, he

2280-802: A series of psychic therapy sessions, but the two soon engage in a full-fledged psychic affair. When Phoenix discovers the affair, Cyclops claims he and Emma shared only thoughts and thus had done nothing wrong. Meanwhile, Emma's snide and mocking jeers provoke a hurt and angry Jean to psychically confront her, using the full power of the Phoenix Force to 'burn through lies'. She forces Emma to admit her true feelings for Scott, and to face her many failures, sins, and personal demons. Furious at both himself and Jean, Scott confronts Jean and demands that she read his mind; Jean finally complies, only to discover that Scott and Emma never engaged in any physical contact, though Emma had offered it. After confronting Jean with

2394-545: A space shuttle through a solar flare, and then is reborn as Phoenix , feeling that this reborn Jean was not the same Jean he had loved. Yet when he thinks her dead for an extended period of time after a battle in the Savage Land , Scott is not able to mourn her, and believes this meant he did not really love her anymore. He briefly dates Colleen Wing . However, when Scott and Jean are reunited on Muir Island to fight Proteus , he rediscovers his love for her, and they share

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2508-625: A team. Throughout this time, Cyclops continued to make appearances in Uncanny X-Men Marvel has also used Cyclops to launch variant series of X-Men titles most notably Ultimate X-Men and New X-Men . Cyclops has appeared in limited series including Adventures of Cyclops & Phoenix , Further Adventures of Cyclops & Phoenix , X-Men: The Asgardian Wars , the second series of Astonishing X-Men , X-Men: The Search for Cyclops , his own self-titled series Cyclops , and X-Men Origins: Cyclops #1. In 2000, Joseph Harris wrote

2622-500: A tentative friendship between the two veteran X-Men. When Jean begins to show signs of the Phoenix Force again, the distance between the two grows larger and Scott begins abstaining from sex with Jean for the five months. Jean attempts several times to confront Cyclops, but he continues to push her away, claiming that Apocalypse had changed him too much on the inside. Jean, confused by the change in their relationship, confides in Logan and

2736-576: A time when events completely out of his control had effectively shattered the life he had led up to that point. Scott admits that this theory is the truth, further admitting that he had blocked making this decision out of his memory, to preserve the fallacy in his own mind and prevent others from discovering his "secret". The issue ends with Scott apparently in a catatonic state, with his eyes uncovered and displaying their natural shade of brown, with no evidence of his powers manifesting. Later he manifests, and has full control over his optical blasts, although it

2850-404: A two-year run starting in 2004, while teaming up with his former Excalibur collaborator and artist, Alan Davis . In 2004, Claremont was co-writer on JLA issues #94–99, the "Tenth Circle" story arc for DC Comics , which reunited him with his former Uncanny X-Men artist John Byrne , with Jerry Ordway as inker. In 2007, Claremont returned to New Excalibur , writing a story arc in which

2964-527: Is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics and is a founding member of the X-Men . Created by writer Stan Lee and artist/co-plotter Jack Kirby , the character first appeared in the comic book The X-Men . Cyclops is a member of a subspecies of humans known as mutants , born with superhuman abilities. Cyclops emits powerful beams of energy from his eyes and can only control

3078-467: Is able to briefly bypass his own mental block and control his powers, though he reveals that his control is waning and temporary. For a time, Scott had prolonged amnesia about his childhood. Parts of his memory returned when he was unexpectedly attacked by the demon D'Spayre while on a leave of absence after Jean Grey's perceived first death. Scott spent most of his childhood at the State Home for

3192-531: Is alive, Cyclops leaves his wife and son and rejoins the other original X-Men as X-Factor , who pose as mutant hunters but in reality are trying to help their genetic brethren. Meanwhile, Pryor goes on to be an assisting member of the X-Men, apparently sacrificing her life during the Fall of the Mutants with her teammates, although she was left with feelings of despair over the loss of Scott, who felt bad himself over

3306-431: Is an American comic book writer and novelist. Claremont is best known for his 16-year stint on Uncanny X-Men from 1975 to 1991, far longer than that of any other writer, during which he is credited with developing strong female characters as well as introducing complex literary themes into superhero narratives, turning the once underachieving comic into one of Marvel 's most popular series. During his tenure, X-Men

3420-527: Is devastated by Jean's death, and considers leaving the X-Men once more. It was revealed in the " Here Comes Tomorrow " storyline that, had he done so, it would have led to an apocalyptic alternate future. To prevent this, a resurrected, future-version of Jean uses her powers as the White Phoenix of the Crown and telepathically reached back in time to tell Cyclops it was okay to move on, leading him to start

3534-545: Is discovered and revived by the Avengers and the Fantastic Four . It is revealed that Jean Grey was alive and had never been The Phoenix. The Phoenix is revealed to have been a cosmic entity who placed a dying Jean Grey in a healing pod at the bottom of Jamaica Bay and replaced her taking on her appearance and memories, to the point of not realizing that "she" herself was not the real Jean Grey. After hearing that Jean

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3648-436: Is going to like it." Now, the X-Men leader has become more confident, outspoken, and audacious. This has had a significant effect on his leadership and his respect among teammates, most notably Wolverine. However, since the birth of Hope Summers , Cyclops has become increasingly unstable with his own self. Overprotective of those close to him, amoral in his new, Magneto -like view of humanity, and mentally ambiguous, Cyclops

3762-615: Is kidnapped by Omega Red and the ninjas of The Hand . After the captured teammates' rescue, Mr. Sinister sends Caliban , a former X-Factor member, to kidnap Cyclops and Jean for Stryfe , a madman and rival to Cable , both time-lost mutants. Stryfe tells the two that he is Nathan, sent to the future and abandoned. In a fight, Cable and Stryfe apparently die. Afterwards, the team battles Omega Red again, and teammate and telepath Psylocke tries to lure Cyclops into an affair behind Jean's back. Ultimately, however, Cyclops remains with Jean. Cable returns as well and reveals to Cyclops that he

3876-529: Is most often portrayed as the archetypal hero of traditional American popular culture—the opposite of the tough, anti-authority antiheroes that emerged in American popular culture after the Vietnam War (e.g., Wolverine , his X-Men teammate). James Marsden initially portrayed Cyclops in the 20th Century Fox X-Men films , and a younger version of the character was portrayed by Tim Pocock in

3990-474: Is responsible for his poor control over his optic blasts. Several origin stories do not feature the head injury account with X-Men Origins: Cyclops #1 being the most recent. The head injury account has also been retconned in Astonishing X-Men vol. 3 as being due to a self-imposed mental block he made as a child to deal with the traumatic events of his life. With the help of Emma Frost, Scott

4104-464: Is that Jean actually has a crush on him, but is too shy to make a move. Finally, on Bobby Drake 's 18th birthday, they reveal their passion for each other and become lovers. During one of the X-Men's adventures he rediscovers his brother Alex as his powers were manifesting. Alex would join the team with Scott as Havok. When the original team of X-Men are defeated by Krakoa , Cyclops is the only member able to escape and return to Xavier. He helps train

4218-416: Is that, with no powers, he's going to be the best that he's ever been. That's what the arc is about. [Cyclops has] been the team leader and the team washout in terms of popularity. He was defined by Jean [Grey] so much, and I just think that this guy is so interesting in his struggle against mediocrity. Then, when it's all laid on the line, when you find out the thing that's been holding him back from being just

4332-431: Is the character's origin story . As a young boy, Scott Summers is orphaned after watching his parents die in a plane crash. Scott and his brother, Alex , were the only survivors as their parents placed the two boys in the only available parachute and forced them to jump from the plane just prior to crashing. The boys become wards of the state and are separated. When Scott's powers manifest uncontrollably, he runs away from

4446-402: Is the real Nathan Christopher Summers, while Stryfe is a clone of Nathan created in the event of his death who was stolen and raised by Apocalypse. Scott Summers and Jean Grey finally marry. During their honeymoon, they are brought into the future where they raise Cable for the first 12 years of his life during The Adventures of Cyclops and Phoenix miniseries. After helping Cable defeat

4560-488: Is the rock that their island nation is built upon. And I think that he is still very much a leader of his people, I think the people of Krakoa know him and what he has done for them over the years, and they look up to him. He is the head of the X-Men in any Super-Hero activity which is essentially the military of Krakoa. He might not be RULING Krakoa, but he is definitely leading it." Cyclops's history has undergone various revisions, both minor and major. The central fixed element

4674-475: Is to Claremont and Byrne what the ' Galactus Trilogy ' is to Stan Lee and Jack Kirby. It is a landmark in Marvel history, showcasing its creators' work at the height of their abilities." Comics historian Les Daniels noted that "The controversial story created a sensation and The X-Men became the comic book to watch." In 2010, Comics Bulletin ranked Claremont and Byrne's run on The X-Men second on its list of

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4788-459: Is transformed into the evil Onslaught , as a result of his recent attempt to wipe Magneto's mind causing Magneto's darker impulses to merge with Xavier's own subconscious darkness and manifest as a new personality. Although the X-Men defeat the evil entity and free Xavier, most of Earth's heroes are lost for a time. Xavier, who is left powerless after Onslaught's defeat, is arrested for his part, leaving Scott and Jean as leaders and co-headmasters of

4902-541: Is viewed as an antihero and occasionally even a villain in the minds of his fellow superheroes. Kieron Gillen 's run in Uncanny X-Men ended with an unrepentant Cyclops, who had become increasingly hardline during Gillen's run, in prison for his actions during Avengers vs. X-Men , up to and including him killing Xavier while under the influence of the Phoenix Force . Gillen wrote him openly suicidal in

5016-605: The Chronicles of the Shadow War trilogy, Shadow Moon (1995), Shadow Dawn (1996), and Shadow Star (1999), with George Lucas , which continued the story of Elora Danan from the movie Willow . Claremont was a contributor to the Wild Cards anthology series. Claremont made a cameo appearance in the opening scene of the 2006 film X-Men: The Last Stand , for which he is credited as "Lawnmower man". He made

5130-465: The Batman and Superman comics of the 1950s and early 1960s. He read works by science fiction writers such as Robert Heinlein , as well as writers of other genres such as Rudyard Kipling and C. S. Forester . Claremont initially did not view the comic book industry as the place where he would make his career, as he believed the dwindling readership to be a sign that the industry was dying, and found

5244-636: The Bermuda Triangle , where they stumble upon Magneto 's new base of operations. Scott soon returns to the X-Men. He then discovers that Corsair the leader of the Space Pirate group the Starjammers is actually his father. Scott originally believed that his parents died in the plane accident and is unaware that they, in fact, had been captured and sold into slavery by the Shi'ar. His mother

5358-544: The X-Factor title through X-Factor #70. In October 1991, Summers returns to the X-Men to launch X-Men #1. This series was the second of two X-Men titles and featured Cyclops, Wolverine , Gambit , Psylocke , Rogue , and Beast as Blue team. Cyclops has recently been featured in another title launch with the second introduction of a new X-Men series Astonishing X-Men . Astonishing X-Men features Cyclops, Wolverine, Shadowcat , Colossus , Emma Frost , and Beast as

5472-543: The "Top 10 1970s Marvels". Claremont and artist Frank Miller crafted a Wolverine limited series in 1982. With artist Walt Simonson , Claremont produced The Uncanny X-Men and The New Teen Titans in 1982, an intercompany crossover between the top-selling Marvel and DC titles. The New Mutants were introduced by Claremont and Bob McLeod in Marvel Graphic Novel #4 (Dec. 1982) and received their own ongoing series soon after. The second X-Men film

5586-652: The 2009 prequel film X-Men Origins: Wolverine . He also was portrayed by Tye Sheridan in X-Men: Apocalypse (2016) and Dark Phoenix (2019), as well as a cameo in Deadpool 2 (2018). Cyclops first appeared in The X-Men #1 (September 1963). He was created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby , and has been a mainstay character of the X-Men series. Lee said that Cyclops and Beast were his two favorite X-Men, elaborating that "I love tortured heroes—and he

5700-408: The 2010 San Diego Comic-Con . The sales figures were generated in part by publishing the issue with four different variant covers which showed different characters from the book (and later a fifth gatefold cover that combined all four), large numbers of which were purchased by retailers, who anticipated fans and speculators who would buy multiple copies in order to acquire a complete collection of

5814-520: The Big Two publishers, Marvel and DC. Signings and panel discussions with other creators, scholars and academics of the comics medium were held during the two-day event. Among the other creators in attendance were Paul Levitz , Al Jaffee , Peter Kuper , Denis Kitchen , Molly Crabapple , John Romita , John Romita Jr. , Irwin Hasen , Miss Lasko-Gross and Dean Haspiel . In the mid-1970s, Claremont

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5928-603: The Foundlings in Omaha, Nebraska and was subjected to batteries of tests and experiments by the orphanage's owner, Mr. Milbury, an alias for the geneticist Mister Sinister , who also placed mental blocks on Scott. In The Further Adventures of Cyclops and Phoenix limited series , both Scott and Jean were sent back in time to 19th century England by Madame Sanctity , a surviving member of the Askani sisterhood . In 1860, prior to

6042-464: The Phoenix Force. When Scott finally returns to the X-Men, their new teammate Xorn (who was revealed to be Magneto, but was subsequently retconned as an imposter) attacks the X-Men. Having at last reached full Phoenix power, Jean confronts Xorn-Magneto and is killed in the process. As she is dying, Scott apologizes for hurting her, but Jean instead tells him that she understands and has never seen him more alive and urges him to live on. Scott, however,

6156-524: The ReLoad event began when Grant Morrison's run for writing New X-Men ended and X-Treme X-Men was canceled. Chris Claremont who was writing X-Treme at that time was then returned to writing Uncanny X-Men , the title that he was famous for penning throughout the majority of the 1970s and 1980s . After Grant Morrison stepped down from writing New X-Men , the title was changed back to simply X-Men and continued with its numbering instead of restarting as issue #1. The three main X-Men team books consisted of

6270-485: The United States from England, he was beaten up "because I looked like a geek." His emphasis on the theme of prejudice resonated with readers as the X-Men series rose in popularity. In 1987 Claremont began writing genre novels. His first was a science fiction trilogy about female USAF pilot/astronaut Nicole Shea, consisting of First Flight (1987), Grounded! (1991), and Sundowner (1994). Claremont co-wrote

6384-474: The X-Men. Scott has a difficult time adjusting to life outside of the X-Men and later, to his wife's dismay, he challenges Storm to a battle in the Danger Room for leadership of the X-Men. Despite Storm no longer possessing her mutant powers, she defeats Cyclops. Madelyne gives birth to their son, Nathan , and Scott returns to retirement from the X-Men. Shortly after the birth of his son Nathan, Jean Grey

6498-595: The aforementioned X-Men, Astonishing X-Men, and Uncanny X-Men with the three main teams being led by Havok , Cyclops , and Storm respectively. Many individual X-Men characters received their own solo series as part of this event, but few lasted beyond twelve issues and many of the solo titles were cancelled after only a few issues due to poor sales. Astonishing X-Men quickly proved to be the most popular and highest selling X-Men title at that time and received strong reviews from fans and critics alike for its artwork, pacing, and writing. Astonishing X-Men became so popular that it

6612-427: The beams with the aid of special eyewear, which he must always wear. He is typically considered the first of the X-Men , a team of mutant heroes who fight for peace and equality between mutants and humans, and one of the team's primary leaders. The first-born son of Corsair , Scott Summers is the older brother of Havok and Vulcan . His first and most enduring love interest is his current wife, Jean Grey , with

6726-446: The book's poor standing. Claremont approached the job as a method actor , developing the characters by examining their motives, desires and individual personalities. This approach drew immediate positive reaction. According to former Marvel editor-in-chief Bob Harras , "He lived it and breathed it. He would write whole paragraphs about what people were wearing. He really got into these people's thoughts, hopes, dreams." Claremont's take on

6840-413: The character Nocturne has a stroke. He has completed his first arc on Exiles, adding Betsy Braddock to the team. In 2008 Claremont wrote the miniseries GeNEXT , followed by its 2009 sequel, GeNext: United . He was the writer of an X-Men Forever series which was set in an alternate universe , and focuses on the present day lives of the X-Men in a reality where Magneto never returned following

6954-554: The character of Wolverine into a fan favorite. X-Men #1, the 1991 spinoff series premiere that Claremont co-wrote with Jim Lee , remains the bestselling comic book of all time, according to Guinness World Records . In 2015, Claremont and his X-Men collaborator John Byrne were entered into the Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame. Claremont was born in London , England. His father was an internist and his mother

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7068-534: The character's childhood through his joining the X-Men. The early accounts in the X-Men comics use flashbacks to tell the origin story of Scott parachuting from his parents' plane. The flashbacks are often told from various narrative perspectives and place different emphasis on the events of this period. Scott's poor control over his power have been attributed to events in his childhood. In The Uncanny X-Men #156, Scott's parachute caught fire and Scott struck his head upon landing. This caused brain damage to Scott which

7182-475: The cheeks as he or she delivers a self-loathing monologue, or a character with head thrown back and mouth open in a shout of rage, shaking tiny fists at heaven and vowing that the whole world will soon learn about his or her feelings." However, the article goes to state that "the genius of Chris Claremont was that he made mutants a generic stand-in for all minorities". "I'm an immigrant," said Claremont in 2014, describing his affinity with outsiders. After arriving in

7296-459: The comics industry had become dominated by artists and editors. In 1994, he wrote issues #10–13 of Jim Lee and Brandon Choi 's series, WildC.A.T.s at Image Comics, in which he finally introduced his creator-owned character, Huntsman. In 1995, Claremont began writing his creator-owned series, Sovereign Seven , which was published by DC Comics , running for 36 issues until 1998. In 1998, Claremont returned to Marvel as editorial director and

7410-407: The course of the characters' publication history, he eventually emerges from Xavier's shadow as the X-Men's undisputed leader. Dave Cockrum created the Starjammers , including Corsair , and convinced X-Men writer Chris Claremont to use the characters for this series. In order to provide a plausible excuse for the Starjammers to make repeat appearances in X-Men , they decided to make Corsair

7524-442: The covers. Claremont left the series after the first three-issue story arc, due to clashes with editor Bob Harras. The 1990s saw Claremont diversify his comics work, as he wrote for other publishers, and wrote his own creator-owned properties. In December 1991, he sent artist Whilce Portacio a proposal to illustrate Claremont's project, The Huntsman , as a creator-owned project, and when the then-new comics publisher Image Comics

7638-565: The crowd's memories. Xavier then asks Scott to join him and the X-Men, he gladly accepts, as the first official member. In the X-Men's first field mission, he battles Magneto . With the X-Men, he battles the Vanisher, Unus the Untouchable, the Blob , and many others. Xavier would soon choose him to be deputy leader of the team and act as field leader whenever he was absent. Cyclops has

7752-475: The destruction of Asteroid M in X-Men #3 (December 1991). In 2010, Claremont collaborated with Italian comics artist Milo Manara on X-Women . As of 2014 Claremont was under an exclusive contract for Marvel. In April of that year, Marvel launched a Nightcrawler series with Claremont as writer, which he finished in March 2015. He re-united with his former New Mutants -artist artist Bill Sienkiewicz for

7866-435: The destruction of Ord's homeworld in the coming year. Not long after, the X-Men's Danger Room becomes sentient, attacking the X-Men and seeking to ultimately kill Xavier. Calling itself "Danger", "she" reveals that Xavier knew she had been self-aware since Shi'ar technology was installed in the Danger Room years ago, but chose to ignore her, effectively inhumanely using her only to train his teams of X-Men. After her defeat on

7980-493: The epilogue of the story, a young English orphan named Daniel (who was freed, one year ago, from the clutches of Nathaniel Essex by Scott and Jean) is shown arriving in New York Harbor from London . As a form of reverence toward the couple who recently showed him great kindness, when urged by his apparent guardian to adopt a new surname at the immigration station , Daniel chooses Summers. Although Scott does not make

8094-533: The examination and processing of the materials, which include notebooks, correspondence, early story drafts, plays, novels, comic books and materials from Claremont's early training in the theater and his career as an actor, Claremont's archive will be housed at the Rare Book & Manuscript Library in Butler Library , separate from the graphic novels collection, and will be open to anyone who demonstrates

8208-413: The familial connection between Daniel and himself, he suspects that his presence in this time (along with Jean's) did something else to affect the course of history, aside from stopping Mister Sinister and Apocalypse . When Scott is sixteen, he goes on a trip to New York with his orphanage supervisor. Scott walks near a construction site and his optic beam activates for the first time. The blast damages

8322-436: The father of Cyclops. Summers remained a member of the team up through The Uncanny X-Men #138. After departing the main cast, he was a recurring character in the series until The Uncanny X-Men #201, after which he was featured in the launch of a new series by Marvel. This new series, X-Factor , launched in 1986 and starred the original X-Men team of Cyclops, Marvel Girl , Beast, Iceman , and Angel . Scott stayed with

8436-485: The four-issue run titled X-Men: The Search for Cyclops that dealt with Cyclops's return after merging with Apocalypse in the events of the Twelve from The Uncanny X-Men #377. In 1991, writer Brian K. Vaughan worked on the self-titled series Cyclops #1–4. During Joss Whedon 's run of Astonishing X-Men , Cyclops adopts a new attitude unfamiliar to most accustomed fans. After Emma Frost's psychic intervention at

8550-509: The future version of Apocalypse, they are sent back to the past. At the request of Rachel Summers, Jean assumes the Phoenix identity. Mister Sinister, involved with the machinations of Apocalypse and Stryfe and still alive, tells Cyclops that there is another Summers brother , and leaves him wondering. As Cyclops deals with the fact that his son is now old enough to be his father, the X-Men are forced to battle their mentor when Professor Xavier

8664-521: The good of people, Cyclops hand-picks a new team in Astonishing X-Men of himself, Emma, Beast, Kitty Pryde, and Wolverine, which is subsequently used by Marvel as the chief representation of the X-Men. The team faces an alien named Ord of the Breakworld , who supplies Earth scientist Dr. Kavita Rao with a "cure" for mutation. The team subdue Ord and rescue the resurrected Colossus, but not before learning that one of their own will be responsible for

8778-482: The government-created time-pocket called The World and then Asteroid M . During his time with Wolverine, Scott reveals that he feels his relationship with Jean is stagnant and that the two of them had not progressed romantically since their initial teenage romance. He also confesses that he feels that Jean is so concerned with the school and her new powers that the two no longer communicate like before and that he feels left behind due to Jean once again being connected to

8892-1044: The introduction of Karma , a character that later joined the New Mutants , in #100 (Dec. 1980). Claremont helped launch the Marvel Fanfare title in March 1982. Claremont co-created numerous other important female X-Men characters, including Rogue , Betsy Braddock , Mariko Yashida , Kitty Pryde /Shadowcat, Phoenix , Mystique , Lady Mastermind , Emma Frost , Siryn , Rachel Summers , Madelyne Pryor , and Jubilee . He co-created such notable male characters as Sabretooth , Pyro , Avalanche , Strong Guy , Captain Britain , Forge , Mister Sinister , and Gambit . Claremont launched various X-Men spin-offs, beginning with The New Mutants in 1982. The spinoffs Excalibur and Wolverine , initially written by Claremont, followed in 1987 and 1988, respectively. X-Men crossover stories written by Claremont during

9006-433: The introduction of the Starjammers as well as the departure of artist Dave Cockrum. Claremont began his collaboration with artist John Byrne in the following issue. During his 17 years as X-Men writer, Claremont wrote or co-wrote many classic X-Men stories, such as " The Dark Phoenix Saga " and " Days of Future Past ". Comics writers and historians Roy Thomas and Peter Sanderson observed that "'The Dark Phoenix Saga'

9120-514: The island of Genosha, the X-Men abandoned Xavier in disgust, with Cyclops no longer welcoming Xavier's input at the School or with the team. Cyclops also tutored a squad at the institute called The Corsairs , named after Cyclops's father. The team consisted of Dryad , Quill , Specter , and the three remaining Stepford Cuckoos . In Astonishing X-Men vol. 3 #14, during an impromptu telepathic "therapy session", Emma Frost presented Cyclops with

9234-416: The last name of Grey in place of Summers. The other X-Men eventually come to accept the relationship and both Scott and Emma manage to reconcile with Rachel in their own ways, such as introducing Rachel to Jean's other family members. Deciding that the X-Men need to play more of a role in emergency rescue and aid, and thus garner attention on mutants in a more positive light where mutant abilities are used for

9348-458: The latter half of his tenure on the series include " Mutant Massacre ", " Fall of the Mutants ", and " X-Tinction Agenda ". In 1991, Marvel launched a second X-Men title simply called X-Men with Claremont and penciler Jim Lee as co-writers. X-Men #1 is still the bestselling comic book of all-time, with sales of over 8.1 million copies (and nearly $ 7 million), according to Guinness World Records , which presented honors to Claremont at

9462-473: The mansion , he temporarily loses his powers after owning up to his self-inflicted, traumatic past. This prompted an interview with Whedon in Wizard magazine #182. When asked if Cyclops did not have his powers anymore, Whedon replied: No, he doesn't have his powers. Well, he had a choice to either be completely out of control or bury them. He can't use them. That's pretty much it. But the thing that would be fun

9576-476: The material being published to be uninteresting. Instead, when he began at Bard College , he did so as a political theorist, studying acting and political theory, and writing novels with the hope of becoming a director. His first professional sale was a prose story. He graduated in 1972. Claremont's career began in 1969, as a college undergraduate, when he was hired as a gofer /editorial assistant at Marvel Comics . His first professional scripting assignment

9690-531: The new series Cable & Deadpool . District X , Madrox , and new issues of Wolverine were re-branded as part of the Marvel Knights collection. The status-quo that was established in this event remained for a year until the House of M crossover event in 2005 drastically changed the tone of all X-books by having the majority of the world's mutants de-powered. Many characters and story arcs entered

9804-406: The new title Astonishing X-Men , with John Cassaday as artist. X-Treme X-Men was cancelled. Also, the X-Men returned to more traditional (if not slightly revised) costumes, as opposed to the black leather uniforms from the movies. In addition to this reshuffle of the main titles, many of the secondary X-Men books were given new writers as well. The "post-Morrison" period that was known as

9918-492: The newest generation of X-Men students called New X-Men volume 2. X-Treme X-Men was also cancelled and saw Storm bringing her team to work as the X.S.E. under a United Nations charter. X-Statix was cancelled in order to make room for District X , which saw Bishop policing a troubled mutant community in New York City . The series Agent X and Soldier X were both cancelled in order to provide room for

10032-407: The occasion, which was organized by Graphic Novels Librarian Karen Green, Professor Jeremy Dauber, and editor Danny Fingeroth . A discussion between Claremont and Simonson held in recognition of Claremont's gift was the keynote event of the symposium, which focused on the intertwined histories of American comics and New York City, which has served both as a breeding ground for creators and the home of

10146-477: The oneshot New Mutants: War Children in 2019. According to writer/editor Paul Levitz , Claremont's complex story structures "played a pivotal role in assembling the audience that enabled American comics to move to more mature and sophisticated storytelling, and the graphic novel." Claremont's editor on the series, Louise Simonson , attributes the X-Men's success to his approach to the characters: "Chris took them very seriously. They were real people to him." As

10260-481: The orphanage and wanders before being taken in as ward by Charles Xavier . When Scott was a young boy, his father, USAF Major Christopher Summers , took the family for a flight in their de Havilland Mosquito from his grandparents' home in Anchorage , Alaska , when it came under attack by an alien Shi'ar spaceship. As the plane went down in flames, Scott's parents fastened him and his younger brother Alex into

10374-429: The possibility that his lack of control over his optic blasts actually stems not from physical brain damage, but from a sort of mental block that the young Scott imposed upon himself after the combined traumas of the loss of his parents, separation from his brother, and shocking manifestation of his powers; this is seen as a coping mechanism, giving Scott something to focus on and try to maintain some sort of control over at

10488-428: The regular writer of Fantastic Four , where he created Valeria Richards . The book was pencilled by artist Salvador Larrocca and inked by Art Thibert for the entirety of his duration on the series. Claremont's run on Fantastic Four would last for 29 issues and 2 annuals, making it his longest tenure on a title outside of the X-Men. Despite outselling books such as Amazing Spider-Man and Batman , Claremont

10602-798: The school and thus co-leaders of the X-Men, Colossus and Psylocke were both resurrected, Professor X left the X-Men in hopes of rebuilding Genosha alongside Magneto , the appearance of the real Xorn , the introduction of S.W.O.R.D. , and X-23 officially joins the X-Men. Astonishing X-Men : volume 3, #1 District X : volume 1, #1 Excalibur : volume 3, #1 Gambit : volume 2, #1 Madrox : volume 1, #1 Jubilee : volume 1, #1 New X-Men : volume 2, #1 Nightcrawler : volume 3: #1 Rogue : volume 3, #1 Uncanny X-Men : volume 1, #444 Wolverine : volume 3, #20 X-Force : volume 2, #1 X-Men : volume 1, #157 Chris Claremont Christopher S. Claremont ( / ˈ k l ɛər m ɒ n t / ; born November 25, 1950)

10716-432: The school. However, the pair go into retirement following Operation: Zero Tolerance , in which Cyclops is gravely injured when a bomb is placed in his chest. Scott and Jean return to the X-Men sometime after at the request of Storm, when she grows concerned about the mental well-being of Professor X (who had returned sometime prior). Their return then leads to the events of The Twelve , in which Apocalypse plans to use

10830-510: The series has been likened to writing "the Great American Novel about complex characters who just happened to fly", incorporating surprise character developments and emotional nuances amid the operatic battles that otherwise typified American superhero comics. By his own admission, Claremont acquired a reputation for taking a long time to resolve plot threads, and longtime X-Men editor Louise Simonson recounted that whenever she

10944-490: The truth, Scott leaves the Xavier Institute, and a short time later Emma is found shattered in her diamond form and believed killed. Scott soon finds himself at the Hellfire Club which had been turned into a sleazy strip club and tries to get drunk, attempting to escape the responsibilities, expectations, and demands which he feels are unjustly placed on him by the X-Men. He then accompanies Wolverine and Fantomex to

11058-529: The two having a daughter, Rachel Summers , from an alternate future. Other significant love interests include his ex-wife Madelyne Pryor —a clone of Jean and mother of his son Cable —and fellow X-Man Emma Frost . Cyclops' archenemy is Mister Sinister , who is obsessed with the Summers and Grey bloodlines and has often manipulated events in Cyclops' life, resulting in various clashes with the X-Men. Cyclops

11172-586: The two kiss in the woods outside the school, but Logan walks away telling her that she should remain with Scott. Xavier leaves Earth while under the control of Cassandra Nova and Jean is left as Headmistress of the school. Her new responsibilities along with her growing powers, force Jean to put her attention elsewhere leaving Scott feeling ignored and his trauma from being possessed trivialized. Instead of attempting to reconcile with her, Scott turns to Emma Frost for consolation, feeling that he can talk to Emma about his problems. Their relationship ostensibly begins as

11286-520: The way he had handled the situation. The demons S'ym and N'astirh corrupt Madelyne's feelings of self-despair, transforming her into the Goblin Queen. Madelyne seeks revenge on Scott for leaving her. When it is revealed that she is a clone created by geneticist Mister Sinister , essentially for the purpose of becoming a brood mare , Madelyne cannot take it anymore and kills herself. Scott seemingly kills Sinister with an optic blast, and pursues

11400-435: The writer of X-Men , Claremont became known for certain characteristic phrases, such as Wolverine's saying, "I'm the best there is at what I do. And what I do...isn't very nice", which became closely associated with the character. A 2009 Slate article called Claremont the " soapiest writer in comic books.... The classic Claremont pose is either a character, head hung in shame with two enormous rivers of tears running down

11514-616: Was Daredevil #102 (Aug. 1973). As an entry into regular comics writing, Claremont was given the fledgling feature " Iron Fist " in Marvel Premiere as of issue #23 (Aug. 1975). He was joined two issues later by artist John Byrne . The Claremont/Byrne team continued to work together when the character received its own self-titled series in November 1975. This title lasted 15 issues. Though his acting career did not yield great success, he functioned well at Marvel, where he obtained

11628-487: Was a pilot and caterer. Claremont is Jewish on his mother's side, and lived in a kibbutz in Israel during his youth. His family moved to the United States when he was three years old, and he was raised primarily on Long Island . Alienated by the sports-oriented suburbs, his grandmother purchased for him a subscription to Eagle when he was a child, and he grew up reading Dan Dare , finding them more exciting than

11742-437: Was announced in 1992, Claremont was named as one of its founders. However, the project was canceled when Portacio decided instead to do Wetworks . Claremont attempted to find other artist for the series, but all those in whom he was interested were either drawing X-Men or had their own projects with Image, and thus he did not become one of Image's founders. In 1992 he wrote the graphic novel Star Trek : Debt of Honor , which

11856-465: Was at a loss for story ideas, "All I'd have to do was go through all of the plot threads that he had left for the last year or two." Claremont introduced new supporting characters to the X-Men series including Moira MacTaggert in issue #96 and Lilandra Neramani in #97. Jean Grey a.k.a. Marvel Girl, one of Marvel's first female heroes, underwent a dramatic transformation into the extremely powerful Phoenix in issue #101. Issue #107 (Oct. 1977) saw

11970-611: Was fired by editor Bobbie Chase in early 2000, a decision that he was angered by. Claremont also wrote The Fantastic 4th Voyage of Sinbad in 2001, a one shot starring the Fantastic Four on an adventure with Sinbad the Sailor . The comic was pencilled Pascual Ferry . In 2000, as part of the company's " Revolution " event, he wrote Uncanny X-Men and X-Men until he moved to X-Treme X-Men , again working with penciller Salvador Larroca. He returned to Uncanny X-Men again for

12084-474: Was illustrated by Adam Hughes . Stan Lee interviewed Claremont for episode 7 of the 1991–92 documentary series The Comic Book Greats . In 1993, he began writing the 12-issue miniseries Aliens/Predator: Deadliest of the Species for Dark Horse Comics , which was completed in 1995. That year saw a decline in his comics output, however, as he turned his focus to writing novels, citing frustration with how

12198-544: Was loosely based on his 1982 X-Men graphic novel God Loves, Man Kills . Besides his work on X-Men and its spinoffs, Claremont wrote Marvel Team-Up , Spider-Woman and Ms. Marvel during this time. He and artist John Bolton created the Marada the She-Wolf character in 1981. Claremont's stories for Marvel Team-Up included the cast of NBC 's Saturday Night Live appearing in issue #74 (Oct. 1978) and

12312-418: Was married to Bonnie Wilford. Following the dissolution of that marriage, he married Beth Fleisher, with whom Claremont co-authored Dragon Moon . Fleisher is the cousin (through marriage) of editor Dan Raspler , who was the editor on JLA during the six-issue "Tenth Circle" story arc Claremont and John Byrne wrote in 2004. Claremont and Fleisher have twin sons. Cyclops (Marvel Comics) Cyclops

12426-456: Was murdered by then Emperor D'Ken, leaving a grieving Corsair to escape captivity and form the Starjammers. He also finds out through Corsair that he has living grandparents, who own a shipping company in Alaska. During his first visit to his grandparents he meets Madelyne Pryor , a woman who bears a strong resemblance to Jean. Eventually he marries her, and after she gets pregnant he retires from

12540-551: Was only temporary. After the events of House of M , nearly all mutants were left depowered , and Xavier was missing. A mysterious villain then attacked and easily defeated several members of the team, including Cyclops and his alternate-reality daughter, Rachel . The two were captured and taken to an undisclosed location, which Cyclops vaguely remembered visiting in the past. Eventually managing to free themselves, Cyclops and Rachel attempted to escape, only to run into their captor (revealed to be Vulcan ), who informed Cyclops that he

12654-992: Was the best-selling comic book in the world. During his tenure at Marvel, Claremont co-created numerous X-Men characters, such as Rogue , Psylocke (Betsy Braddock) , Kitty Pryde/Shadowcat , Phoenix , the Brood , Lockheed , Shi'ar , Shi'ar Imperial Guard , Mystique , Destiny , Selene , Reverend William Stryker , Lady Mastermind , Emma Frost , Tessa , Siryn , Jubilee , Rachel Summers , Madelyne Pryor , Moira MacTaggert , Lilandra , Shadow King , Cannonball , Warpath , Mirage , Wolfsbane , Karma , Cypher , Sabretooth , Empath , Sebastian Shaw , Donald Pierce , Avalanche , Pyro , Legion , Nimrod , Gateway , Strong Guy , Proteus , Mister Sinister , Marauders , Purifiers , Captain Britain , Sunspot , Forge , and Gambit . Claremont wrote many classic stories, including " The Dark Phoenix Saga " and " Days of Future Past ", on which he collaborated with John Byrne . He developed

12768-400: Was the only X-book at that time to receive spin-off series like X-Men: Phoenix - Endsong and an origin series for Colossus. Many then-current titles were changed to fit with the revamp and along with that many titles were also cancelled to make way for new x-books. Some of the titles that were cancelled included volume 2 of New Mutants in order to make room for a new series focused on

12882-568: Was tortured because he couldn't control his power." Originally dubbed "Slim Summers", by The X-Men #3 his name was changed to "Scott", with "Slim" becoming a nickname. Scott Summers is the first of the X-Men recruited by Professor X ; Xavier hand-picks Scott to lead his X-Men, and to carry on the legacy of his mutant-human-harmony ideals. Xavier views Scott as one of his most prized pupils; their relationship exhibits father/son qualities. From time to time, Scott's extreme loyalty to Xavier has cost him dearly in his relationships with others; but, over

12996-450: Was unable to save his son from the fatal infection. Distraught, Scott sends his son into the future where he can be cured. Next, Xavier's psionic enemy, Shadow King , returns to combat the X-Men and X-Factor. After his defeat, Cyclops and X-Factor rejoin the X-Men team, and Scott is named leader of a newly created "Blue Team". After Cyclops's return as field leader, much of the Blue team

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