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47-534: The Regional Municipality of York , also called York Region , is a regional municipality in Southern Ontario , Canada, between Lake Simcoe and Toronto . The region was established after the passing of then Bill 102, An Act to Establish The Regional Municipality of York, in 1970. It replaced the former York County in 1971, and is part of the Greater Toronto Area and the inner ring of

94-431: A Royal Canadian Mounted Police investigation of them. Grounds were found for laying several charges. However, the trial never took place, as by this time, Twinney had been stricken with terminal cancer . He died shortly afterwards. One of Twinney's sons had also died of cancer that same year. In 2013 Albert DoCouto pleaded guilty to securities fraud dating back to 2007. Mr DoCouto was once linked to Mayor Twinney after he

141-673: A center located in Vaughan that provides mental health services to individuals who are in need of psychological treatment and assessment. Counselling Services for York Region helped lobby for the Ontario Structured Psychotherapy Program which was successfully implemented by Ontario Health. The program was advocated through Advocacy York Region . The arterial road network in York Region is a grid, with most roads running north–south or east–west. This

188-944: A combination of water from Lake Ontario and underground wells. Some wells are maintained by the Region and the rest privately. Water is distributed from 14 water pumping stations and stored at 37 elevated tanks and reservoirs: Regional municipality Regional municipalities, where and when they include lower-tier municipalities within their boundaries, are sometimes referred to as upper-tier municipalities . Regional municipalities generally have more servicing responsibilities than counties. Typical services include maintenance and construction of arterial roads (including urban areas), transit, policing, sewer and water systems, waste disposal, region-wide land-use planning and development and health and social services. Regions are more urbanized than counties and are implemented in census divisions where an interconnected cluster of urban centres forms

235-411: A geographic division but may contain a single municipality or may be divided into municipal districts within them. In Ontario , regional municipalities always contain lower-tier municipalities within them and were created to provide common services to mixed urban and rural divisions in the way that counties typically provide common services to fully rural municipalities (this paradoxically gives many of

282-409: A new municipality from that which they represented at the time of realignment. The reeve of Whitchurch Township resided in the western portion of the town that was annexed by Aurora, three East Gwillimbury councillors resided in land annexed by Newmarket, including its future mayor Ray Twinney , and King councillor Gordon Rowe was a resident of Oak Ridges, which became part of Richmond Hill. Because of

329-647: A single-tier municipality, claiming it would save millions of dollars. The idea was met with immediate disapproval from all other York Region mayors, excluding Vaughan Mayor Steven Del Duca , who had not publicly expressed an opinion at the time. Scarpitti was criticized for not consulting with the other mayors about his proposal before publicly announcing it, which the others mayors saw as dramatic. Ford later announced that he had no interest in Scarpitti's proposal to amalgamate, and that any future proposals which were to be seriously considered must be deliberated among all of

376-629: A total of over 15 years." Twinney was a councillor in East Gwillimbury in the late 1960s, and resided in the southwest portion of the township that became part of Newmarket upon the creation of the Regional Municipality of York in 1971. Being fond of local organized sport, Ray Twinney owned or co-owned and operated many successful local teams, including the Newmarket Ray's Fastball, Legion Ray's Oldtimers Hockey and

423-696: Is Canada's largest airport. Markham Airport is a private aerodrome in Markham. There are also a few small airports with unpaved runways serving the region: Hare Field in Holland Landing (East Gwillimbury), Belhaven Airport in Georgina, and Stouffville Aerodrome north of Stouffville. Buttonville Municipal Airport was a larger regional airport in Markham that was used for general aviation and business aircraft. It closed in November 2023. York Region

470-776: Is one district municipality , the District Municipality of Muskoka that has the same structure as a regional municipality, but is predominantly rural or wilderness. The specific relationship of a regional government and the cities, towns, townships and villages within its borders is determined by provincial legislation; typically the regional municipality provides many core services such as police protection, waste management and (in some RMs) public transit . Similar to counties, they also provide infrastructure for major roads , sewers , and bridges and also handle social services . Organization of regional government has occasionally been controversial, as council membership

517-567: Is only one regional municipality in British Columbia, the Northern Rockies Regional Municipality (NRRM), formerly a regional district of the same name. Unlike other Canadian regional municipalities it is near-entirely wilderness and has only one "urban" centre, the former Town of Fort Nelson . Only sparsely populated outside Fort Nelson, it is vast in extent, covering the northeastern corner of

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564-685: Is referred to as " Regional Chair and CEO ". Wayne Emmerson, a former mayor of Whitchurch-Stouffville, was elected to this office in December 2014. In October 2008, York Regional Municipality was named one of Greater Toronto's Top Employers by Mediacorp Canada Inc. Starting with the 2015 federal election , York Region encompasses all or part of the federal electoral districts of Aurora—Oak Ridges—Richmond Hill , King—Vaughan , Markham—Stouffville , Markham—Thornhill , Markham—Unionville , Newmarket—Aurora , Richmond Hill , Thornhill , Vaughan—Woodbridge , and York—Simcoe . Provincially, York Region

611-508: Is represented in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario by Members of Provincial Parliament. As of 2018, the provincial electoral districts are the same as the federal districts in most of Ontario. In May 2023, Premier Doug Ford announced that he would look to dissolve and restructure existing regional municipalities where deemed prudent. In response, Markham mayor Frank Scarpitti publicly proposed amalgamating York Region into

658-558: Is served by: Until 2001, the towns of York Region operated separate public transit services, which did not connect very well with each other. YRT was created by the Regional Government to combine five of these services: Since 2001, bus routes have been extensively enhanced in the five communities which had pre-existing services, but YRT's services to East Gwillimbury is limited to two routes, and service to King, Georgina and Whitchurch-Stouffville are even more limited due to

705-470: Is sometimes determined by the constituent municipalities rather than elected directly. The province's first regional municipality, the Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto , was created in 1954, by severing Toronto and its surrounding suburban townships from the southern portion of York County . It was the only regional municipality in the province until the Regional Municipality of Ottawa–Carleton

752-409: The 2021 Canadian census , English is the mother tongue of 45.5% of the residents of York Region. Cantonese is the mother tongue for 9.7% of the population, followed by Mandarin (8.7%), Italian (4.0%), Persian (4.4%) and Russian (3.1%). As of 2021, the most common ethnic groups are Chinese (22.6%), Italian (12.5%) and English (7.4%). According to the 2021 census, the most reported religion among

799-622: The Golden Horseshoe . The regional government is headquartered in Newmarket . As of the 2021 census , York Region's population was 1,173,334, with a growth rate of 5.7% from 2016. The Government of Ontario expects its population to surpass 1.5 million residents by 2031. The three largest cities in York Region are Markham , Vaughan and Richmond Hill . At a meeting in Richmond Hill on May 6, 1970, officials representing

846-609: The Hansard of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario : "Twinney arrived in Newmarket in 1960, entering politics in East Gwillimbury in 1965. In 1970 Twinney was elected to Newmarket town council as a regional councillor, serving in that capacity until 1978. In 1979 he was elected mayor of Newmarket and has been returned as mayor each successive council term to the present, making him Newmarket's longest-serving mayor to date,

893-587: The McMichael Canadian Art Collection , in the community of Kleinburg, that features works by Canadian artists including Inuit and First Nations artists. Canada's Wonderland , which features roller coasters and other rides, concerts and fireworks shows, is also in Vaughan. Heritage sites and historical museums in the Region include: Following is a sample of other attractions in the area: There are currently four hospitals within

940-559: The Newmarket Flyers Junior Hockey teams. In 1988 the dream of a professional-class community recreation centre became a reality under his mayoral leadership. Newmarket's recreation complex, designed by local architect, Fraser Milne, was constructed, becoming the venue for many local sporting events, including AHL and OHL hockey ." Towards the end of Twinney's tenure, questions were raised about some of his business activities in Newmarket, which culminated in

987-523: The Oak Ridges Moraine and over 2,070 hectares of regional forest, in addition to the built-up areas of its municipalities. The highest point in the region is within the rolling hills of the moraine near Dufferin St. & Aurora Side Road at 360m ASL (1,243 feet) York Region is situated in the humid continental climate ( Köppen Dfb) zone with warm summers and cold winters, ample snowfall, more in

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1034-435: The "county" level of government for the entire province since the early 1980s. Ray Twinney Ray Twinney (November 1935 - 24 December 1994) was the mayor of Newmarket, Ontario , Canada from 1979 to 1994. Ray Twinney was married to Thelma and fathered two sons. The Newmarket Recreation Complex, officially opened on November 3, 1985, was renamed The Ray Twinney Recreation Complex after Twinney's death. According to

1081-589: The Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto became the amalgamated City of Toronto , and in 2001, three other regional municipalities—Ottawa–Carleton, Hamilton–Wentworth and Sudbury —were similarly amalgamated into the single-tier cities of Ottawa, Hamilton and Greater Sudbury . The Harris government also split the Regional Municipality of Haldimand–Norfolk (an anomalous predominantly-rural RM) into two separate single-tier municipalities—the Town of Haldimand and

1128-487: The Municipality of York including: All four hospitals are part of the Local Health Integration Network (LHIN) Hospital Partnerships. Boomerang Health, in Vaughan , is a centre that provides multidisciplinary rehabilitation and medical services geared specifically for children and adolescents, in collaboration with The Hospital for Sick Children . Counselling Services for York Region, is

1175-628: The Regional Municipality of York had a population of 1,173,334 living in 391,034 of its 405,863 total private dwellings, a change of 5.7% from its 2016 population of 1,109,909 . With a land area of 1,758.27 km (678.87 sq mi), it had a population density of 667.3/km (1,728.4/sq mi) in 2021. York is the third-largest census division in Ontario, following Toronto and Peel Region , and seventh-largest in Canada. In

1222-558: The Town of Norfolk, which immediately changed their names to Haldimand County and Norfolk County . In January 2019, the provincial government announced a review of the eight regional municipalities in the province ( Durham , Halton , Muskoka , Niagara , Oxford , Peel , Waterloo , and York ) and Simcoe County , as well as their constituent lower-tier municipalities. The review will be headed by special advisers Ken Seiling and Michael Fenn, who will conduct consultations with politicians, civil servants, business owners, and residents of

1269-483: The Yonge Street corridor from Vaughan/Richmond Hill in the south to Newmarket/Aurora in the north. There are ongoing conflicts between conservationists and developers over land use. Most contentious is the conflict use of the Oak Ridges Moraine . York Region has an assortment of points of interest, ranging from nature reserves to pioneer-era museums, to a modern amusement park. Vaughan's major attractions include

1316-422: The largest urban areas in the province a subtle semi-rural character, such as the presence of numbered "county" roads with rural-type signage within them). Today, only certain predominantly urban divisions containing two or more urban municipalities but lack a defined core city are given the status of a regional municipality; most census divisions instead retain the status of a county or a district. However, there

1363-420: The last of which became a part of Richmond Hill. The boundary between Aurora and Newmarket was defined to be St. John's Sideroad, and Newmarket's northern boundary was defined to be Green Lane. The towns of Aurora, Newmarket, and Richmond Hill were defined to be the growth centres for the regional municipality, which was to become a greenbelt between the denser urban areas of Toronto to the south and Barrie to

1410-623: The majority of the division's area and population. Alberta does not have an official municipal status type of regional municipality . However, that has not prevented one municipality from branding itself as one. Wood Buffalo , formed as a specialized municipality on April 1, 1995, through the amalgamation of the City of Fort McMurray and Improvement District No. 143, changed its official name from Municipality of Wood Buffalo to Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo on August 14, 1996, while maintaining its specialized municipality status. There

1457-438: The mayors of the smaller towns, such as Newmarket and Whitchurch-Stouffville, strongly urged for dialogue and diplomacy, stressing that no municipality should be left behind as a result of a restructuring. As of December 2023, the Ontario government has not made any indication as to whether York Region will be restructured or remain as-is. As a census division in the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada ,

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1504-481: The mix of urban and rural areas in the Region, the provision of electricity was governed in a different manner from the rest of the regional services: Electric distribution was partially rationalized in 1978, when: The York Regional Police was also created at this time, amalgamating the fourteen town, township, and village police services. Policing on Georgina Island is provided by Georgina Police Service. York Region covers 1,762 square kilometres from Lake Simcoe in

1551-606: The municipalities of York County approved plans for the creation of a regional government entity to replace York County. The plan had been presented in 1969 by Darcy McKeough , the Ontario Minister of Municipal Affairs , taking about a year to determine municipal boundaries within the new regional government. The Regional Municipality of York was created by Act of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario in 1970 (Bill 102 An Act to Establish The Regional Municipality of York), which took effect on January 1, 1971. The creation of

1598-404: The new town of Markham was defined to be at Yonge Street , where its northern boundary was formed with Richmond Hill (to which it ceded land) and its western boundary with the new town Vaughan . The new town of Vaughan would consist of all communities in the area bounded by Markham and Richmond Hill in the east, Metro Toronto in the south, the periphery of the regional municipality in the west, and

1645-402: The new township of King in the north. The townships of Georgina, North Gwillimbury, and Sutton were merged into the township of Georgina , and the East Gwillimbury neighbourhood of East Gwillimbury Heights was merged into Newmarket. King formed the northwestern part of the new region, but the eastern lot from Bathurst Street to Yonge Street was ceded to Newmarket, Aurora, and Oak Ridges ,

1692-489: The nine affected municipalities. In 2022, the More Homes Built Faster Act received royal assent and will remove most planning responsibilities from seven upper-tier municipalities (Durham, Halton, Niagara, Peel, Simcoe, Waterloo, and York) at a still undetermined date. In Quebec , regional county municipalities or RCMs ( French , municipalités régionales de comté, MRC ) have constituted

1739-624: The north to the city of Toronto in the south. Its eastern border is shared with Durham Region , to the west is Peel Region , and Simcoe County is to the northwest. A detailed map of the region showing its major roads, communities and points of interest is available. Towns and cities in York Region include: There is also one First Nation with an Indian reserve , where the Chippewas of Georgina Island First Nation reside on Georgina Island , Fox Island and Snake Island . York Region's landscape includes farmlands, wetlands and kettle lakes ,

1786-572: The north. The growth centres were each restricted to grow to a maximum population of 25,000 by 2000, and the regional municipality to 300,000. The municipal realignment merged 40% of East Gwillimbury's population into Newmarket. The council of East Gwillimbury voted to amalgamate with Newmarket, but Newmarket council opposed the amalgamation. In the plan presented by McKeough, the councils of the towns of Newmarket and Aurora were given ten years to decide whether or not to amalgamate. The internal municipal realignments resulted in some politicians residing in

1833-581: The northern part of York region much of it derived from the wind driven snowbelt streamer activity. The region is governed by York Regional Council , which consists of 20 elected representatives from each of the constituent towns and cities in the region. These include each of the nine mayors, and 11 regional councillors who are elected from the constituent municipalities as follows: The regional councilors are elected at-large for each lower-tier municipality which has them. They are also voting members of their respective city/town council. The leader of Council

1880-471: The other mayors in a region before being made public. Later, Vaughan mayor Steven Del Duca proposed dissolving York Region and making all of its lower-tier municipalities independent, claiming that Vaughan contributed more tax dollars than it received in regional funding. No other politicians endorsed Del Duca's proposal. The mayors and councilors of York Region have generally agreed with looking into potential reforms to streamline government operations. However,

1927-530: The population was Christianity (45.3%), with Catholicism (25.2%) making up the largest denomination. This was followed by Islam (7.8%), Judaism (5.2%), Hinduism (5.0%), Buddhism (2.6%) and Sikhism (1.0%). 32.5% of the population did not identify with a particular religion. The economy of York Region is diverse. In general, the economy includes a full range of businesses from industrial to high-tech to rural/agricultural. New developments continually consume space year after year, and tend to be focused along

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1974-620: The province north of the 58th Parallel, from the Grand Canyon of the Liard on the west to the Alberta boundary on the east. Regional districts , which cover most of the rest of the province, are technically municipalities, though containing other municipalities within them. In the NRRM the government of the former Fort Nelson and the regional municipality are merged. Like regional districts,

2021-479: The regional municipality does not include Indian Reserves or their governments. In Nova Scotia , regional municipalities are a single level of government, and provide all municipal services to their communities. As they include both urban centres and rural areas, they are not called cities, towns or villages. Such municipalities in Nova Scotia take over the area and name of a county. Counties still exist as

2068-445: The regional municipality resulted in the consolidation of the fourteen former municipalities of York County into nine new municipalities: The township of Whitchurch merged with the town of Stouffville to create the town of Whitchurch–Stouffville , ceding land to Aurora , Newmarket , and Richmond Hill to the west of the proposed Highway 404 and annexing a northern strip of land from the township of Markham . The western boundary of

2115-399: The relatively small populations in each of those towns. Water in southern York is provided by Toronto Water and Peel Region by way of 3 pumping stations and reservoirs (Bayview, Dufferin and Milliken (tank and underground reservoir)) using water from Lake Ontario . Keswick and Sutton obtain water from Lake Simcoe by way of water treatment plants. The remainder of York obtains water from

2162-449: Was created in 1969 by restructuring Ottawa and the whole of Carleton County . Between 1970 and 1974, several more regional municipalities were created by the government of Bill Davis , mostly by restructuring the entirety of existing counties. The later government of Mike Harris subsequently dissolved four regional municipalities with a dominant central city that formed metropolitan areas into amalgamated single-tier cities. In 1998,

2209-425: Was done under the leadership of British surveyor Augustus Jones during the 1790s. York Region assigned approximately 50 roads as York Regional Roads , meaning that maintenance of these roads is done by York Region. They are signposted with numbers. The major highways in the Region are: Former highways include: Most air travel is served by Toronto Pearson International Airport , which is outside of York Region and

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