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65-807: The region was located between 54° and 73° N latitude and 103° and 171° E longitude. It was bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean and to the west by the Yeniseysk Governorate . In the southwest, Yakutsk Oblast bordered the Irkutsk Governorate ; in the south, the Amur Oblast ; in the southeast, the Primorskaya Oblast ; and in the east, the Kamchatka Oblast . The area of Yakutsk Oblast, according to

130-530: A Bucharest tavern and as a passenger in their horse-drawn cabs: "They conversed in oddly high-pitched voices in a language that sounded at first like Bulgarian but soon turned out to be—judging by its shifting vowels and liquid sounds—Russian." Olivia Manning in The Great Fortune (1960) describes the Skoptsy carriage drivers of Bucharest based on her visit in 1939. According to

195-436: A journey from Beijing to Paris through Siberia published about his travel in journal with drawings and engravings from his photos. The province of Yeniseisk is very fertile; the governor tells us that in the district of Minousinsk, 200 versts to the south, rye costs 5 kopeks a pood, and that the harvest of 1889 is currently being sold. Only is cultured. If there are means of communication downstream, this country would be

260-654: A presence in Saint Petersburg, Moscow, Morshansk and Odessa, and later in Bukarest and Iași in Romania, where members of the sect had fled due to the persecution by Russian authorities. By 1866, the sect was reported as having 5,444 members (3,979 men and 1,465 women). Although Skoptisism prescribed castration as a precondition for entering paradise, only a minority of members (703 men and 100 women) had undergone bodily mutilation. Alexandre Dumas, père , writes about

325-504: A protectorate over Uryankhay Krai (conforming roughly to the territory of modern Tuva ), which became part of the Yeniseysk Governorate. In the summer 1914 Norwegian expedition ( Henrik Printz , botanist, Orjan Olsen, ornithologist, Anders Olsen, Fritz Jensen, zoological assistant, photographer, and Josif Ermilowitsch Gutschin assistant with archaeological and anthropological collections local Russian from Minusinsk )

390-726: A silver shield, a black eagle holding a scarlet sable in its claws. The shield is decorated with the Ancient Royal Crown and surrounded by golden oak leaves connected by the Alexander Ribbon.' In 1900, the population of the Yakutsk Oblast was 262,703 (134,134 men and 128,569 women). This included 21,045 Russians, along with a small number of representatives from other nationalities (Russian subjects), 224,110 Yakuts, 17,539 other traditional local nationalities, and 9 foreigners. There were 96 women per 100 men in

455-757: A special region. On 21 August 1920, Sibrevkom restored the administrative independence of Yakutia as a province. On 27 April 1922, the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was formed as part of the RSFSR, which included the Yakutsk Oblast but excluded the region of Lower Tunguska (which became part of the Kirensky uezd of the Irkutsk Governorate), the Khatanga-Anabar uezd of the Yeniseysk Governorate,

520-628: The Soviet Union reduced the numbers to a reported few thousand in 1929, when the authorities staged a widely publicized mass trial against the sect. Leon Trotsky , in a report from Romania in 1913, wrote about the Skoptsy in the Dobruja region who worked as horse-cab drivers and played a predominant role in the local horse trade. Patrick Leigh Fermor in The Broken Road describes his encounters (in 1933/4) with two "Skapetz" (sic) in

585-613: The inorodtsy class and their nomadic status was confirmed by a special system of self-government "steppe duma - foreign government - tribal government", in accordance with the "Charter on the management of foreigners". At the same time, at the suggestion of M. M. Speransky , who was conducting an audit of the Siberian possessions, Emperor Alexander I signed a decree on the formation of the Yeniseysk Governorate as part of five districts: Krasnoyarsk, Yeniseisk (with Turukhansk Territory), Achinsk, Minusinsk and Kansk. The city of Krasnoyarsk

650-493: The mastectomy and female genital mutilation of women in accordance with their teachings against sexual lust . The descriptive term "Skoptsy" was coined by the Russian Orthodox Church . The sect emerged in the late 18th century. It reached the peak of its popularity in the early 20th century but was essentially wiped out by the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin . Skoptsy is a plural of skopets , at

715-417: The "lesser seal" and the "greater seal". For men, the "lesser seal" meant the removal of the testicles only, while the "greater seal" involved either removal of the penis or emasculation (removal of both penis and testicles). Men who underwent the "greater seal" used a cow-horn when urinating. The castrations and emasculations were originally performed with a red-hot iron, called the 'fiery baptism'. However,

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780-605: The Olekminsk-Suntar volost of the Kirensky uezd of the Irkutsk Governorate, and all islands in the Arctic Ocean located between meridians 84° and 140½° east longitude. Currently, most of this territory composes the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The coat of arms of the Yakutsk Oblast, created based on a reworking of the city coat of arms of Yakutsk, was approved by Emperor Alexander II on 5 July 1878: 'In

845-492: The Russian language was quite low. In 1900, the Yakutsk Oblast was freed from the placement of exiles, except for those convicted of crimes against religion and the state. Prior to the enactment of this law, up to 200 repeat offenders were sentenced annually. The Skoptsy brought considerable benefit to the local population and the entire region, developing agricultural knowledge in it. The Doukhobors settled 20 versts from

910-814: The Russian mission in Norway), etc, investigating a possible Northern Sea trade Route between Western Europe and the Siberian interior. The party then took the barge «Turukhansk» up the Yenisei River to Krasnoyarsk , and then through China along the Chinese Eastern Railway reached Vladivostok , on the way stopped in Khabarovsk , where he met a famous Russian traveler, explorer of the Ussuri region , Lieutenant Colonel Vladimir Arseniev , from where he returned by cars, horses and at that time

975-697: The Siberian Provinces,' approved in 1822, the Yakutsk Oblast was divided into five uezds: Verkhoyansk, Vilyuisky, Olekminsky, Srednekolymsky, and Yakutsky. On 31 October 1857, the Uda District was transferred from the Yakutsk Oblast to the Primorskaya Oblast. On 20 April 1920, by decision of the Siberian Revolutionary Committee (Sibrevkom), the Yakutsk Oblast was annexed to the Irkutsk Governorate as

1040-623: The Starozhily ( Russian : старожилы, lit.   'Old-Timers, Old-Settlers') and later settlers "Raseyskie" , prevailed, and the bulk of the inorodtsy population, consisting of indigenous peoples of Siberia . According to the 1897 census, 570.2 thousand people lived in the province, including 62.9 thousand people in cities (11.7%). The religious composition was dominated by Orthodox - 93.8%, there were also Old Believers - 2.1%, Catholics - 1.1%, Jews - 1.1%, Muslims - 0.8% Lutherans - 0.7%. Literate - 13.7%. The estimated population in 1906

1105-462: The Yakutsk Oblast. The disproportion was particularly pronounced among the military class: in the regular army and among Cossacks, there were 33 women per 100 men; among exiles, there were 40 women per 100 men. There were 256,737 Orthodox Christians, 193 Catholics, 2 Armenian-Apostolic, 23 Protestants, 1,731 schismatics and sectarians (including 1,240 Old Believers), 510 Jews, 1,896 Muslims, and 1,610 adherents of traditional beliefs. The composition of

1170-710: The Yeniseisk Governorate was liquidated, its uezds were included in three Governorate: Tobolsk ( Yeniseisk and Achinsk ), Irkutsk and Kolyvan ( Krasnoyarsk ). In 1797, all the territories of the Yenisei River basin were assigned to the Tobolsk Governorate (until 1804; then, until 1822, they were part of the Tomsk Governorate ). In order to centralize management in 1803, the Siberian General Governorate

1235-534: The Yeniseisk Governorate, which was 1/7 of the entire population of the province. In the second half of the 19th-early 20th centuries, the formation of the population of the Yeniseisk Governorate occurred as a result of both ongoing spontaneous and organized migration processes. According to the results of the General Census of 1897, the Russian-speaking population, consisting of Siberians -

1300-534: The Yeniseysk Governorate was 2,211,589 square verst (the second largest province, after the Yakutsk Oblast ). “In a scarlet shield, a golden lion with azure eyes and tongue, and black claws, holding the same sickle in its right paw. The shield is surmounted by the imperial crown and surrounded by golden oak leaves connected by St. Andrew's ribbon. The coat of arms of the Yenisei Governorate

1365-764: The administration of the state . The main administrative unit of the Russian Empire was the Governorate, which included provinces, divided into uezds . According to the Decree of December 18, 1708, the entire territory of the Russian Empire was divided into eight provinces. Siberia and part of the Urals became part of the Siberia Governorate with the center in the city of Tobolsk . Due to

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1430-412: The calculations of Ivan Strelbitsky , was 3,489,689 square versts (about 368 million dessiatinas ). In terms of area, Yakutsk Oblast accounted for one-third of all Siberia and two-thirds of European Russia ; it was the most extensive of all the oblasts and governorates of the Russian Empire. Despite several scientific expeditions, it remained sparsely explored. After the founding of Yakutsk in 1632,

1495-432: The city of Yeniseisk . The Yeniseisk Governorate included the following uezds (listed as towns): Mangazeya , Yeniseysk , Krasny Yar , Tomskoy , Kuznetskoy , Narym and Ketsk. In 1764, by decree of Catherine II , the territory of Siberia was subjected to another administrative-territorial reform: a second Governorate was established - Irkutsk Governorate , which included the Yeniseisk Governorate. Two decades later,

1560-674: The creation of the Yeniseysk Governorate, minor changes took place in the administrative structure of the Russian Empire: in 1879, the okrug (districts) were renamed uezd (counties). The territory of the Yeniseysk Governorate did not undergo any changes and basically coincided with the borders of the modern Krasnoyarsk Krai . In 1886, the Usinsky border okrug (Usinsky Krai) was separated from Minusinsk Uyezd. In 1882 Ob-Yenisei channel construction started and opened for navigation of small ships in 1891. In 1892 Charles Vapereau made

1625-587: The decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee , their territories are merged into a single Siberian Krai , with the center in Novosibirsk , along with the territories of Oyrat Autonomous Oblast and Altai , Novo-Nikolayevsk , Omsk , and Tomsk Governorates . Achinsky, Kansky, Krasnoyarsky, Minusinsky, and Khakassky Uezds of the governorate were at the same time transformed into okrugs, while Turukhansky Uezd

1690-671: The east and southeast by the Kirensky Uyezd and Nizhneudinsky Uyezd of the Irkutsk Governorate ; in south by China . In the west, Yeniseysk Governorate bordered on West Siberian General Governorate . In the southwest and west with the Kuznetskiy Okrug , Marinsky Uezd and Narymsky of the Tomsk Governorate, from the northwest with the Beryozovsky Uezd of the Tobolsk Governorate . The area of

1755-619: The enlargement of the Yeniseysk governorate's uezds (districts). The Usinsk okrug was formed in 1924 as part of the Yeniseisk Governorate, but already in 1925 it became part of the Minusinsk okrug of the Siberian Krai , On June 23, 1924, new Turukhansky Uezd was formed in the governorate. Its Yuzhnaya Volost was formed on the part of the territory of Antsiferovskaya Volost of Yeniseysky Uezd . After that, Yeniseysky Uezd itself

1820-524: The expulsion from the Garden of Eden , Adam and Eve had the halves of the forbidden fruit grafted onto their bodies, forming testicles and breasts . Thus, the removal of these sexual organs restored the Skoptsy to the pristine state before the original sin. The Skoptsy maintained that they were fulfilling Christ's counsel of perfection in Matthew 19:12 and 18:8–9. There were two kinds of castration:

1885-727: The granary of Siberia. While there is no grain to sell here, there is scarcity and famine 1,000 versts to the west and the starving peasants are forced to emigrate. Since 1913, the Yeniseysk Governorate had been part of the Irkutsk Governor General. In the summer of 1913, Fridtjof Nansen travelled to the Kara Sea , by the invitation of Jonas Lied , as part of a delegation: Vostrotin Stepan Vasilyevich (Siberian public figure, polar explorer, politician and diplomat), Iosif Grigorievich Loris-Melikov (secretary of

1950-584: The guards regiments and sailors, were members of the sect, he asked the imperial government to intervene. Eventually, in June 1820, it was decided to arrest Selivanov again and confine him to Spaso-Evfimiev monastery ( Monastery of Saint Euthymius ) in Suzdal , where he remained until his death in 1832, allegedly his hundredth year. During his stay in Suzdal, his followers continued to plead for his release. Although this

2015-405: The long distances, the lack of means of communication, the administration of the territories of the Siberia Governorate was extremely difficult. There was a need for territorial transformations. In 1719, three provinces were established as part of the Siberia Governorate : Vyatka, Solikamsk and Tobolsk, and five years later two more - Irkutsk Governorate and Yeniseisk Governorate with a center in

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2080-460: The madhouse at Obukhov hospital. He was released in 1802. For the next eighteen years, until 1820, he lived in Saint Petersburg, in the house of one of his disciples. He received double homage as Christ and tsar, identifying himself as both Tsar Peter III and as Christ Returned . Peter had been popular among the Raskolniks (dissidents) because he granted them liberty of conscience , and among

2145-610: The museums of Oxford and Pennsylvania made a trip along the Yenisei , consisting of anthropologist Maria Czaplicka , anthropologist Henry Usher Hall , ornithologist Maud Doria Haviland , Dora Curtis painter, Vasily Korobeinikov. The researchers traveled overland to Krasnoyarsk , along the Trans-Siberian Railway and on the "Oryol" steamer climbed the Yenisei to the mouth of the Golchikha, where they spent

2210-660: The need arose to administratively assign the remote territories of Yakutia to the Russian state. In 1638, the Yakutsk uezd was formed. In 1775, the Yakutsk uezd was transformed into the Yakutsk Province, and in 1784, it became the Yakutsk Region of the Irkutsk Governorate. In 1805, the Yakutsk Oblast was separated from the Irkutsk Governorate. According to the 'Institution for the Administration of

2275-1002: The oblast included five uezds: The districts were divided into police stations, the districts into volosts and rural communities, and the foreign areas into uluses with naslegs and settlements. In total, there were twelve police stations in the region, eight Russian volosts and one foreign volost, with 169 populated areas (including 99 foreign and 12 inhabited by exiled eunuchs), 15 Yakut uluses with 251 naslegs (villages), and 36 clans of other foreigners. Yakutsk and four districts were officially considered cities: Olekminsk , Viluysk , Verkhoyansk , and Srednekolymsk . 1. Verkhoyansk district (Verkhoyansk city): 2. Vilyuysky district (city of Vilyuysk): 3. Kamchatka district: 4. Kolyma district (city of Sredne-Kolymsk): 5. Olekminsky district (Olyokminsk city): 6. Okhotsk district: 7. Yakutsk county (city of Yakutsk): Yeniseysk Governorate Yeniseysk Governorate ( Russian : Енисе́йская губе́рния , romanized :  Yeniseyskaya guberniya )

2340-522: The operation, they said the phrase "Christ is risen!" According to ecclesiastical historian Diarmaid MacCulloch , the belief originated in a mistranslation by its founder Kondraty Selivanov of a biblical command in Genesis 1:28 as плотитесь (“castrate yourselves”) rather than плодитесь (“be fruitful”). The Skoptsy movement emerged in the 1760s from the flagellant sect of the Khlysty . Its founder

2405-509: The peasants because when pillaging the convents he divided their lands among the labourers. Selivanov claimed the title "God of Gods and King of Kings ", and proclaimed salvation of believers through castration. Selivanov succeeded in gaining followers even among the upper classes of Saint Petersburg. When the Governor General of Saint Petersburg, Mikhail Miloradovich , learned that two of his nephews, as well as several members of

2470-578: The population of the Yakutsk Oblast was predominantly Yakuts (91.5%), followed by Russians (7.5%), and representatives of other nationalities (1%). The most numerous people in the oblast were the Yakuts. The Russians who lived on the Olenka, Yana , Aldan , Indigirka , and Kolyma rivers almost isolated themselves, partly forgot their language, and changed their way of life. Their appearance changed due to marriages with local residents, and their proficiency in

2535-531: The same volosts. Since 1898, the okrugs (districts) of the Yenisei Governorate were again called uezd (counties) . At the end of the 19th century, the Yeniseysk Governorate included 5 uezds (since 1898 - okrugs) and the Turukhansky Krai. coat of arms (1897), people In the 1760s-1780s, exile to Siberia became widespread. In the 1820s, the exiles constituted the second largest group of residents of Minusinsk . In 1863, 44,994 exiles lived in

2600-610: The sect, calling them scopsis , towards the end of his account of his journey through Caucasia, "Le Caucase, Memoires d'un Voyage", 1858, where he met them in Georgia. In the book The Idiot , Fyodor Dostoevsky mentions that the home of Parfyon Semyonovich Rogozhin is rented to Skoptsy tenants. Dostoevsky also mentions Skoptsy in the 1872 novel Demons and the 1880 novel The Brothers Karamazov . Repressive measures were tried along with ridicule: male Skoptsy were dressed in women's clothes and paraded wearing fools' caps through

2665-465: The shores in boats, inspected the ships, asking if there was anything “unallowed” 56°01′00″N 92°52′00″E  /  56.0167°N 92.8667°E  / 56.0167; 92.8667 Skoptsy The Skoptsy (Russian: скопцы , IPA: [skɐpˈtsɨ] ; sg. скопец " eunuch ") were a cult within the larger Spiritual Christianity movement in the Russian Empire . They were best known for practising emasculation of men,

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2730-467: The skoptsy later transitioned to using knives or razors, with the iron serving only to stop the bloodflow. They also twisted the scrotum, destroying the seminal vesicles and stopping the flow of semen. In women, the Skoptsy removed the nipples or the whole breasts. Occasionally, they simply scarred the breasts. They also often removed the labia minora and clitoris . They did not use anesthetics. The operations were generally performed by elders. During

2795-586: The southwest to the northeast. The greatest length of the Yeniseysk Governorate from China to the extreme northern tip of Asia (a cape in the east of the Taymyr Peninsula ) is 2800 verst , the greatest width from west to east is up to 1300 verst . In the north, the Yeniseysk Governorate was bounded by the Northern Ocean , In the northeast by the Vilyuysk okrug of the Yakutsk Oblast , in

2860-523: The summer studying the nature and beliefs of the indigenous peoples of Siberia . A similar administrative-territorial division persisted until the early 1920s. Uryankhay Krai existed until August 14, 1921, when local revolutionaries, supported by the Red Army of the RSFSR, decided to proclaim the national sovereignty of Tuvan People's Republic . Apart from Mongolia , however, no other country recognized its independence. Since 1923, work began on

2925-413: The territory of Siberia General Governorate was divided into two governorates general : West-Siberian and East-Siberian according to the decree of Alexander I "On the division of Siberia into two general governments" of the administrative reform under the project of Mikhail Speransky . On July 22 ( August 3 ), 1822, the Yeniseysk Governorate with the administrative center of Krasnoyarsk

2990-410: The time the Russian term for "castrate" (in contemporary Russian, the term has become restricted to referring to the sect, in its generic meaning replaced by the loanwords yévnukh е́внух, i.e. eunuch, and kastrat кастрат). The Skoptsy referred to themselves as the "White Doves" ( белые голуби ). Their aim was to perfect the individual by eradicating original sin , which they believed had come into

3055-637: The unfinished northern route of the Trans-Siberian Railway to Norway through Yekaterinburg , where he participated in a meeting of the Russian Geographical Society , reporting on the voyage along the Yenisei . Nansen published a report from thу journey in book Through Siberia . In 1913 the Usinsk border okrug was transformed into the Usinsk-Uriankhai Krai. On April 17, 1914, the Russian government establishes

3120-523: The village of Amginskoye on the Magon (Magan) tract near Yakutsk and formed two villages. Unlike the Yakuts, other local residents such as Tungus (Evenks), Evens, Yukaghirs, and Chuvans belong to Mongolic tribes. In 1889, a widespread smallpox outbreak exterminated all the Koryaks and a significant number of Chuvans and Yukaghirs. Composition of Yakutsk Oblast in 1897: At the beginning of the 20th century,

3185-606: The villages. In 1876, 130 Skoptsy were deported . To escape prosecution some of the sect emigrated, mostly to Romania , where some of them mixed with old-believer exiles known as Lipovans . Romanian writer I.L. Caragiale acknowledges that toward the end of the 19th century all the horse-powered cabs in Bucharest were driven by Russian Skoptsy ( Scopiţi in Romanian ). Though the law was strict in Russia—;every eunuch

3250-408: The world by the first coitus between Adam and Eve . They believed that human genitals were the true mark of Cain , and that the true message of Jesus Christ included the practice of castration, that Jesus himself had been a castrate, and that his example had been followed by the apostles and the early Christian saints. They believed that human genitals were a mark of original sin, and that after

3315-463: The zoning of Siberia, which marked the beginning of the administrative reorganization of the territory of the region. Volosts were abolished, enlarged uezds (districts) were created. On November 14, 1923, parts of the Yeniseysk governorate's Minusinsky and Achinsky Uezds were merged with one volost of Kuznetskiy Uyezd of Tomsk Governorate to form new Khakassky Uezd . On March 19, 1924, Siberian Revolutionary Committee ( Sibrevkom ) approved

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3380-544: Was a runaway peasant, later known as Kondratiy Ivanovich Selivanov, a former adherent of a Khlysty sect of Akulina Ivanovna in the Oryol Governorate . Selivanov had started his own sect in the village of Sosnovka near Morshansk , styling himself "Son of God" and "Redeemer": The community of Selivanov's followers, totalling 246, were put on trial in 1772. Selivanov was convicted of having persuaded thirteen peasants to castrate themselves. He initially escaped, but

3445-544: Was abolished and its remaining territory split between Kansky and Krasnoyarsky Uezds . At the same time, Daurskaya Volost of Achinsky Uezd was transferred to Krasnoyarsky Uezd. Also in 1924, parts of Znamenskaya and Tashtypskaya Volosts of Minusinsky Uezd were transferred to Khakassky Uezd . The former territory became a part of Charkovskaya Enlarged Volost, while the latter was merged into Tashtypskaya Enlarged Volost. On May 25, 1925, all Governorates (including Yeniseysk Governorate) and regions in Siberia are abolished by

3510-547: Was almost entirely Russian, the rest (about 10%) consisting of Samoyedes, Tatars, Tunguses, Yakuts, Mongols and Ostyaks. In the 19th century, the inhabitants of the coastal villages between Yeniseisk and Krasnoyarsk had the custom to call out to all ships and rafts passing by. The call was made in a singsong voice, in a drawling voice: “and who is swimming, and who is swimming, and who is swimming by name?”. Sailors had to respond and report their name or shout "good people." If they did not do this, residents immediately sailed from

3575-453: Was an administrative-territorial unit ( guberniya ) of the Russian Empire , the Russian Republic , and the Russian SFSR in 1822–1925. It was named after Yeniseysk . In 1724 the Yeniseysk Province based on Yeniseysk was established within the Siberian Governorate , disestablished in 1775. Its extents approximately corresponded to the future Yeniseysk Governorate. The Governorate was established on January 26 ( February 7 ), 1822 when

3640-437: Was apprehended in 1775 and exiled to Nerchinsk , Siberia. His followers organized to locate and free him. He was found living in Irkutsk , and managed to escape and move to Moscow in 1795. In 1797, he moved to Saint Petersburg where, according to Skoptsy accounts, he was interviewed by Tsar Paul I . He claimed to be the Tsar's father, Peter III (who had been assassinated in 1762), following which Paul I had him confined to

3705-410: Was approved as the administrative center of the newly formed province. On February 26, 1831, the Senate issued a decree "On the organization of the post office in the Yeniseysk Governorate". A provincial post office was established in Krasnoyarsk , postal expeditions were established in Yeniseisk and Achinsk , and post offices were opened in Kansk , Minusinsk and Turukhansk . For 50 years after

3770-416: Was approved on July 5, 1878 by the All-Russian Emperor Alexander II . In 1886, decorations were removed from the city shields by the armorial department under the Department of Heraldry. The lion symbolized strength and courage, and the sickle and shovel reflected the main occupation of the inhabitants - agriculture and mining, primarily gold . Until 1629, the territory of the modern Krasnoyarsk Krai

3835-413: Was compelled to register—Skoptsism did not abate in its popularity. The Skoptsy became known as moneylenders , and a bench known as the "Skoptsy's Bench" stood in Saint Petersburg for many years. The Skoptsy may have had as many as 100,000 followers in the early 20th century, although repression continued and members of the sect were put on trial. Increased repression and collectivization under

3900-399: Was created with the center in the city of Irkutsk , which absorbed the territories of Tobolsk Governorate , Irkutsk Governorate and Tomsk Governorate . In 1822, this system of territorial subordination was abolished, and the West Siberian General Governorate (center Tobolsk ) and East Siberian General Governorate (center Irkutsk ) were created instead. The Siberian people belonged to

3965-460: Was denied, Selivanov was free to receive visitors in the monastery, and his followers worshipped him there. He also left writings, known under the title The Message (Послание) and Harvest (Страды), as well as nine letters addressed to the priest Sergeyev . Despite the furious investigations of the Third Department (the tsar's secret police), Skoptisism did not disappear after Selivanov's death, and scandals continued to arise. The sect established

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4030-561: Was exploring  southern  Siberia  and  north-western  Mongolia "the  so-called  Urjankai  country,  a  tract  of  land  about  the  sources  of  the  Yenisei,  as yet  almost  entirely  unknown" "terra incognita" as it was described in resulting books " The vegetation of the Siberian-Mongolian frontiers: (the Sayansk region) " and " To Jenisei's sources. The Norwegian Sibirie Expedition's journey ". In 1914, an ethnographic expedition from

4095-495: Was part of a vast region with the center in the city of Tobolsk . Later, the ostrog (fortress) of Yeniseisk , Krasnoyarsk and Kansk with adjacent lands were assigned to the Tomsk razryad . In 1676, the Yeniseisk ostrog received the status of a city, under which all the settlements along the Yenisei river and the right-bank territories stretching to Transbaikal were transferred. Peter I in 1708 carried out territorial and administrative transformations to streamline

4160-413: Was renamed Turukhansky Krai and transferred to Krasnoyarsk Okrug . As of its foundation, the governorate included five okrugs (districts) from former uezd (counties): The administrative-territorial division of the Yenisei province remained basically unchanged until 1924. Only the volost division changed. The number of volosts in the province is 35. Turukhansky Krai is divided into 3 sections,

4225-410: Was separated from the Tomsk Governorate to become a part of East-Siberian Governorate General. The Yeniseysk Governorate were located in the western part of Eastern Siberia between 52° 20' and 77° 33' north latitude and 95° and 128° east longitude. It stretched from the southern to the northern limits of the Russian Empire. The area looked like an irregular polygon, elongated in the direction from

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