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47-426: The open country and villages that surround Yankari National Park are populated by farmers and herders, but there has been no human settlement in the park for over a century. There is, however, evidence of earlier human habitation in the park, including old iron smelting sites and caves. The furnaces have been damaged by centuries of exposure to the elements, though by the late 1990s there were more than fifty surviving in

94-738: A National Park by decree 36 of the National Government. In the late 1900s, the park management began a preservation project for the archaeological sites within the park to encourage heritage tourism . In 2006, Yankari lost its status as a National Park following a request of the Bauchi State Government. Yankari Game Reserve is an important refuge for over 50 mammal species including African bush elephant , olive baboon , patas monkey , Tantalus monkey , roan antelope , hartebeest , lion , African buffalo , waterbuck , bushbuck and hippopotamus . The lion population

141-525: A grandson of Yaqubu who had remained neutral during the conflict, as Bauchi's new Emir. The reign of Umaru was that of reconciliation between all those affected by the war. He rehabilitated the sons and brothers of those who had suffered a loss of position or property, welcomed back refugees who had fled, and secured the release of those enslaved by the Missau forces. Additionally, Umaru compensated Usman's brothers by appointing his younger brother Muallayidi to

188-527: A level bested slope provides vacationers with a total perspective on the recreation area Kariyo Slope - situated close to the Marshal caves is a lovely cookout ground Paliyaram Slope - a well known camp for poachers, found 10 km from Wikki. The Tonlong Canyon - a beautiful crevasse with related slopes, buttes and ledges situated in the west of the recreation area. Bauchi Emirate The Bauchi Emirate (Fula: Lamorde Bauchi 𞤤𞤢𞤥𞤮𞤪𞤣𞤫 𞤦𞤢𞤵𞤷𞥅𞤭)

235-544: A trip to East Africa . On returning, he encouraged the moves to establish something similar in Nigeria. In 1956, the Northern Nigeria Government approved the plans for the creation of a Game Preservation area. Yankari was identified as a region in the south of what was then Bauchi Province where large numbers of wild animals existed naturally and could be protected. In 1957 a Game Preservation area

282-401: Is a high degree of ethnic interaction especially in marriage and economic existence. Some of the ethnic groups have joking relationships that exist between them, e.g. Fulani and Kanuri , Jarawa and Sayawa , etc. The Durbar Festival is a major annual attraction. The Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University is located in the capital city Bauchi. Other educational institutions located in

329-468: Is causing alarm among residents of the settlements of Alkaleri and Kirfi in Bauchi State. Bauchi State has a total of 55 tribal groups which include Gerawa , Sayawa , Jarawa , Kirfawa, Turawa Bolewa , Karekare , Kanuri , Fa'awa , Butawa , Warjawa , Zulawa, Boyawa MBadawa . There are cultural similarities in the people's language , occupational practices, festivals , dress and there

376-768: Is now Bauchi State has been inhabited for years by various ethnic groups, including the Bolewa , Butawa, and Warji in the central region; the Fulani , Kanuri , and Karai-Karai in the north; the Bankal, Jaku and Gerawa in and around the city of Bauchi ; the Zaar and the Gwak in the south; the Dugurawa in the southeast; and the Jarawa in the southwest. Religiously, the vast majority of

423-478: Is on the verge of extinction. There are also over 350 species of bird found in the park. Of these, 130 are residents, 50 are Palearctic migrants and the rest are intra-African migrants that move locally within Nigeria. These birds include the saddle-billed stork , Helmeted guineafowl , African grey hornbill , and the cattle egret . Since 2005, the protected area is considered a Lion Conservation Unit together with Kainji National Park . Between May and September

470-652: Is the rainy season . Temperatures range from 18C to 35C. During the dry season, the harmattan wind blows from the Sahara, often bringing dusty skies, and night temperatures fall as low as 12 C (53 F). The hottest period falls in March and April, when temperatures can rise above 40 C (104 F) during the daytime. The entire park is based on the Tertiary-aged Kerri Formation, which is made of sandstone , siltstones , kaolinites , and grits. Under this lies

517-507: Is the coldest month of the year in Bauchi. Particulate matter, which has a diameter of less than 10 microns and is 1/7th the thickness of a human hair, is a significant source of air pollution in Bauchi. These particles, which can include smoke, soot, dust, salt, acids, and metals, pose a serious threat to health because they may be inhaled into the deepest parts of the lungs. Gully erosion, which has swept away bridges, culverts, and homes,

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564-623: The Gombe development, of Cretaceous age, made out of sandstones, sediment stones, and ironstones. The valleys of the Gaji, Yashi and Yuli Streams are loaded up with Alluvium of later age. Sandy advances and clayey soils of riverine alluvium happen in the valley of the Gaji Yashi and Yuli Streams. East of the Gaji valley is a 5-7 km wide band of extremely unfortunate sandy soils that help a bush savanna development. Kalban Slope - signifying "level spot"

611-474: The North-East geopolitical zone of Nigeria . It is bordered by Jigawa to the north, Yobe to the northeast, Gombe to the east, Taraba and Plateau to the south, Kaduna to the west and Kano to the northwest. It takes its name from the historic city of Bauchi , which also serves as its capital. The state was formed in 1976 when the former North-Eastern State was broken up. It originally included

658-457: The desert condition in the far north. So also is the case in Bauchi state. Consequently, rains start earlier in the southern part of the state, where rain is heaviest and lasts longer. Here the rains start in April with the highest record amount of 1,300 millimetres (51 in) per annum. In contrast, the northern part of the state receives the rains late, usually around June or July, and records

705-675: The Delimiri and Ampara area. In 1934, the Northern Regional Committee made a recommendation to the Executive Council to establish a pilot game reserve in the Bauchi Emirate . This was supported by Alhaji Muhammadu Ngeleruma, a minister in the former northern Nigeria Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Around this time, he had been impressed by a visit to a Sudanese game reserve while on

752-562: The Emir of Jama'are. Umaru, to avert retaliation from Sokoto, sent some of his booty to Abdur Rahman, who immediately released them and sent a message to Bauchi, Kano and Missau ordering the immediate release of all the Gwaram captives. Despite this, Umaru's actions in the conflict worsened his popularity. The emirate remained under the Caliphate until 1902 when a British expedition occupied

799-694: The acting Director-general of the Bauchi State Emergency Management Agency (BASEMA), Mr Bala Lame, said "No fewer than 100 houses and several farmlands have been destroyed by devastating floods in Darazo LGA of the state". This he attributed to flooding after three days of persistent rainfall in the area. The average annual temperature ranges from 57 to 100 degrees Fahrenheit, with occasional exceptions when it falls below 51 or rises over 104. The greatest time of year to visit Bauchi for warm-weather activities, according to

846-566: The animosity the survivors of the war had on him and alienated the people who had initially supported him. This resentment continued even during the mid 1880s. Sarkin Musulmi Mu'azu approved Ibrahima's abdication but died shortly after. After repeated complaints from influential figures in Bauchi, his successor Umaru bin Ali ordered Usman to Sokoto and formerly dethroned and detained him there. To replace him, Umaru appointed Umaru dan Salamanu,

893-489: The area that is now Gombe State , which became a distinct state in 1996. Of the 36 states , Bauchi is the fifth largest in area and also the fifth most populous , with an estimated population of over 8,308,800 as of 2022. Geographically, the state is divided between the West Sudanian savanna in the south and the drier, semi-desert Sahelian savanna in the north with a small part of the montane Jos Plateau in

940-463: The area. For instance, the rainfall in Bauchi state ranges between 1,300 millimetres (51 in) per annum in the south and only 700 millimetres (28 in) per annum in the extreme north. This pattern is because in the West Africa sub-region, rains generally come from the south as they are carried by the south-westerlies. There is therefore a progressive dryness towards the north, culminating in

987-456: The capital without fighting. The British abolished the slave trade, which had flourished until then, and appointed a new emir, who died a few months later. In 1904 the emir who had succeeded took the oath of allegiance to the British crown. Rulers of the Bauchi state, titled Lamido , were: Bauchi State Bauchi State (Fula: Leydi Bauchi 𞤤𞤫𞤴𞤣𞤭 𞤦𞤢𞤵𞤷𞥅𞤭) is a state in

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1034-453: The deputy governor of Bauchi State. The State government is led by a democratically elected governor who works closely with members of the state's House of Assembly. The Capital city of the State is Bauchi. The electoral system of to the state is selected using a modified two-round system. To be elected in the first round, a candidate must receive the plurality of the vote and over 25% of

1081-415: The executive arm of the state government is headed by a governor who is eligible for a re-election once. As at 2019, the governor of Bauchi State is Bala Mohammed, who emerged victorious in the 9 March 2019 Governorship election with the political party PDP. He was sworn in on 29 May 2019, making him the 6th democratic governor of Bauchi State and the 16th governor of Bauchi State overall. Baba Tela serves as

1128-640: The highest amount of 700 millimetres (28 in) per annum. In the same vein, the weather experienced in the south and the north varies considerably. While it is humidly hot during the early part of the rainy season in the south, the hot, dry and dusty weather lingers up north. In addition to rainfall, Bauchi state is watered by a number of rivers. They include the Gongola and Jama'are rivers. The Gongola River crosses Bauchi state in Tafawa Balewa Local Government Area in

1175-743: The important role of Chiroma, the heir apparent. Umaru aimed to strengthen the emirate's weakened central government following the conflict. While most districts were peacefully brought under control, force was used with the more resistant districts. He also took measures to contain the constant raids by Ningi , which also increased during the period of instability. However, this approach faced opposition from defiant district chiefs, resulting in their swift dismissal if they resisted Umaru's directives. In 1900, Umaru moved to depose and detain Gwaram 's chief, Muhammad Lawal. Lawal resisted, claiming insufficient grounds for his removal. Umaru's ground for this attempt

1222-740: The number of dams meant for irrigation and other purposes. These include the Gubi and Tilde-Fulani dams. There are also lakes such as the Maladumba Lake in Misau Local Government Area that further provide the necessary conditions to support Agriculture . Bauchi has an oppressive wet season while the dry season is partly cloudy, and it is hot year-round. Over the year, the temperature also varies. Like every other state in Nigeria, Bauchi state has not been spared in devastating effects of climate change. On 11 July 2022,

1269-406: The seven month siege against the district, he failed to capture Gwaram, mainly because most of his troops merely pretended to fight. The Emir of Missau, Muhammadu Manga threatened to fight alongside Lawal. To buy him off, Umaru promised him the "all the wealth in Gwaram" once it was successfully sieged. Lawal's father-in-law, the Emir of Jama'are , successfully persuaded him to capitulate arguing that

1316-606: The south and in Kirfi and Alkaleri Local Government Areas in the eastern part of the state, while the Jama’are River cuts across a number of Local Government Areas in the northern part of the state. Moreover, a substantial part of the Hadeja-Jama'are River basin lies in Bauchi state, which along with various fadama (floodplain) areas in the state provides suitable land for agricultural activities. These are further supported by

1363-543: The south, Gombe for 277 km (172 mi) to the east, Yobe for 188 km (117 mi) to the north-east, Kaduna to the west for 32 km (20 mi), and Kano for 131 km (81 mi) to the north-west. Bauchi state is one of the states in the northern part of Nigeria that span two distinctive vegetation zones, namely, the Sudan savannah and the Sahel savannah . The Sudan savannah type of vegetation covers

1410-426: The southern part of the state. Here, the vegetation gets richer and richer towards the south, especially along water sources or rivers , but generally, the vegetation is less uniform and grasses are shorter than what grows even farther south, that is, in the forest zone of the middle belt. The Sahel type of savannah, also known as semi-desert vegetation, becomes manifest from the middle of the state as one moves from

1457-418: The southwest. A key defining characteristic of the state’s landscape is Yankari National Park , a large wildlife park in southern Bauchi State that contains large populations of waterbuck , African buffalo , patas monkey , hippopotamus , roan antelope , and western hartebeest along with some of Nigeria's last remaining West African lion , African leopard and African bush elephant populations. What

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1504-659: The state has a population of 4,653,066. In the early 1800s, the Fulani jihad seized much of modern-day Bauchi State and formed the Bauchi Emirate under the Sokoto Caliphate . About 90 years later, a British expedition occupied the Emirate and incorporated it as Bauchi Province into the Northern Nigeria Protectorate which later merged into British Nigeria before becoming independent as Nigeria in 1960. Originally, modern-day Bauchi State

1551-586: The state include Bauchi State University , Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic , Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi and Federal university of health science Azare. Federal Highways: Other major roads: Railways: Airport: West Chadic language groups spoken in Bauchi State: Languages of Bauchi State listed by LGA: Other languages of Bauchi State are Ajawa, Beele, Berom, Kanuri, Kwaami, Manga, Pero, and Piya-Kwonci. See also : List of governors of Bauchi State Like all Nigerian states,

1598-1034: The state's population (~80%) are Muslim with smaller Christian and traditionalist minorities at about 15% and 5%, respectively. Evangelicals are the dominant Christian denomination but there are also adherents of the Roman Catholic faith. The Anglican Diocese of Bauchi is part of the Province of Jos, within the Church of Nigeria. As a major agriculture-based state, the Bauchi State economy partially relies on livestock and crops, such as cotton , groundnuts , millet , tomatoes , and yams with advanced irrigation schemes increasing agricultural production since statehood. Other industries include food processing and canning facilities, tin and columbite mining, and tourism in Yankari National Park and its Wikki Warm Springs. According to tradition , it

1645-481: The state's south to its north. This type of vegetation comprises isolated stands of thorny shrubs . On the other hand, the southwestern part of the state is mountainous as a result of the continuation of the Jos Plateau , while the northern part is generally sandy . The vegetation types as described above are conditioned by the climatic factors, which in turn determine the amount of rainfall received in

1692-448: The then Bauchi State was increased to 20 and later to 23. However, in 1997 when Gombe State was created out of Bauchi and additional local governments were created in the country, Bauchi State was left with 20 local government areas as shown below. Bauchi State has gone through a tremendous transformation over the years. The Ajawa language was spoken in Bauchi State, but became extinct by 1940 as speakers shifted to Hausa . Sharia law

1739-495: The tourist score, is from early December to early February. From 28 February to 10 May is the hot season, which lasts 2.5 months and has an average daily high temperature of over 96 °F. Averaging a high of 99 °F and a low of 74 °F, April is the hottest month of the year in Bauchi. From 15 July to 1 October, the cool season, which has an average daily high temperature below 86 °F, lasts for 2.6 months. With an average low of 58 °F and high of 90 °F, January

1786-498: The worst that could happen was deposition and the loss of property. Umaru swiftly executed Lawal despite receiving orders from Sarkin Musulmi Abdur Rahman Atiku to withdraw from Gwaram and pardon the chief. After Lawal's execution, the Emir of Missau was permitted to pillage the district, "capture all those he could, as many as nine thousand, and burn down the town." Manga sent some of his booty to Umaru and

1833-689: Was a part of the post-independence Northern Region until 1967 when the region was split and the area became part of the North-Eastern State . After the North-Eastern State was split, Bauchi State was formed on 3 February 1976 alongside ten other states. Twenty years after statehood, a group of LGAs in the state's west was broken off to form the new Gombe State . With the creation of Bauchi State in 1976, then comprising present Bauchi and Gombe State , it included 16 local government areas. The number of local government areas in

1880-522: Was adopted in June 2001. Bauchi State consists of twenty Local Government Areas (LGAs). They are: Bauchi State occupies a total land area of 49,119 km (18,965 sq mi) representing about 5.3% of Nigeria's total land mass and is located between latitudes 9° 3' and 12° 3' north and longitudes 8° 50' and 11° east . The state is bordered by seven states, Jigawa to the north, Taraba for 54 km and Plateau for 360 km (220 mi) to

1927-423: Was captured and executed, along with his supporters, primarily mallamai who endorsed him on account of his learning. Many people fled the town to avoid the destruction and enslavement carried out by the Missau forces during and after the civil war. Numerous refugees sought safety in neighboring emirates like Muri and Gombe . The manner with which Usman and his allies acted during the civil war further deepened

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1974-733: Was carved out and the area was constituted as a Bauchi Native Authority Forest Reserve. Yankari was first opened to the public as a premier game reserve on 1 December 1962. Since then, the Northern Eastern State Government and then the Bauchi State Government both managed the Yankari Game Reserve. The park is now managed by the Federal Government of Nigeria, through the National Park Service. In 1991, it officially became

2021-522: Was conquered between 1809 and 1818 by jihadists inspired by Usman dan Fodio 's jihad in Sokoto and were led by a Hausa Islamic scholar, Yakubu. Yakubu was the only definite non-Fulani ruler in the Sokoto Caliphate . He was a student of Usman dan Fodio prior to the start of the jihad. In 1881, the emirate experienced a bloody civil war which was brought about by the then emir, Ibrahima dan Yaqubu, who stepped down in favor of his son Usman. This decision

2068-486: Was founded by Yaqubu dan Dadi in the early 19th century in what is now Bauchi State , Nigeria, with its capital in Bauchi . The emirate came under British " protection " in the colonial era, and is now denoted a traditional state . Before the Fulani jihad the Bauchi region was inhabited by a large number of small tribes, some of whom spoke languages related to Hausa , and some of whom were Muslims. The province of Bauchi

2115-417: Was highly unpopular, especially among Yakubu's other sons. War eventually broke out when Salih, the Emir of Missau, tried to march towards the capital to support Usman as 'internal forces' seemed to be in favour of Halilu dan Yaqubu to be Emir, but was stopped by the rural population enroute there. The war brought about the deaths of all of Yaqubu's sons except the ex Emir Ibrahima and one Aliyu Garga. Halilu

2162-408: Was named after a hunter known as Baushe, who settled in the region before the arrival of Yakubu, the first traditional ruler of the Bauchi emirate (founded 1800–10). Bauchi and Adamawa were the two main sources of freedom and tourism for the Fulani empire of Sokoto . What is now known as Bauchi, was until 1976 a province in the then North-Eastern State of Nigeria. According to the 2006 census,

2209-411: Was that the chief refused to hand over to him for enslavement a group of families who had migrated to Gwaram from Fali when they were still not Muslims. This group of families, however, had since embraced Islam and had intermarried with the people of Gwaram and thereby legally immune from enslavement. Branding Lawal a rebel, Umaru led an expedition against Gwaram, facing strong public backlash. Despite

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