51-400: Ice Adonis ( Korean : 노란 복수초 ; RR : Noran Boksucho ; lit. Yellow Adonis ), also known as Yellow Boots , is a 2012 South Korean television drama series starring Lee Yu-ri , Hyun Woo-sung , Yoon A-jung and Jung Chan . It aired on tvN from February 27 to August 30, 2012 on Mondays to Thursdays at 09:45 KST for 108 episodes. The Korean title
102-484: A Korean influence on Khitan. The hypothesis that Korean could be related to Japanese has had some supporters due to some overlap in vocabulary and similar grammatical features that have been elaborated upon by such researchers as Samuel E. Martin and Roy Andrew Miller . Sergei Starostin (1991) found about 25% of potential cognates in the Japanese–Korean 100-word Swadesh list . Some linguists concerned with
153-480: A core vowel. The IPA symbol ⟨ ◌͈ ⟩ ( U+0348 ◌͈ COMBINING DOUBLE VERTICAL LINE BELOW ) is used to denote the tensed consonants /p͈/, /t͈/, /k͈/, /t͡ɕ͈/, /s͈/ . Its official use in the extensions to the IPA is for "strong" articulation, but is used in the literature for faucalized voice . The Korean consonants also have elements of stiff voice , but it is not yet known how typical this
204-525: A few of Yoo-ra's plans to ruin Yeon-hwa, but has no idea Yoo-ra's plans years ago when the incident occurred, but he later found his wife suspicious and teams up with Kim Tae-il to find out if Yoo-ra is really the murderer of Yoon-hee. The ambitious daughter of a judge, Yeon-hwa's stepsister, and Yoon-jae's childhood friend, whom she crushes on. She rivals Yeon-hwa, and does anything to get her kicked out of J Cosmetics. She believes that Yoon-jae likes her, but
255-545: A later founder effect diminished the internal variety of both language families. Since the establishment of two independent governments, North–South differences have developed in standard Korean, including variations in pronunciation and vocabulary chosen. However, these minor differences can be found in any of the Korean dialects , which are still largely mutually intelligible . The Chinese language , written with Chinese characters and read with Sino-Xenic pronunciations ,
306-439: A miscarriage and blames Yeon-hwa for the loss of her baby. She also slowly becomes to be suspected by her husband and he secretly starts setting her up and testing her. A kind and responsible son of Jang Min-ja; stepbrother of Yoon-jae, and Yeon-hwa's later on fiancé. He competes with Yoon-jae, with the help from his mother, and becomes the president of J Cosmetics. He secretly helps Yeon-hwa, and send her supporting notes when she
357-574: A possible relationship.) Hudson & Robbeets (2020) suggested that there are traces of a pre- Nivkh substratum in Korean. According to the hypothesis, ancestral varieties of Nivkh (also known as Amuric ) were once distributed on the Korean Peninsula before the arrival of Koreanic speakers. Korean syllable structure is (C)(G)V(C), consisting of an optional onset consonant, glide /j, w, ɰ/ and final coda /p, t, k, m, n, ŋ, l/ surrounding
408-403: A relationship with Kang-wook and gains the trust of chairwoman Julia. The kind eldest son of J Cosmetics, who happens to be Yeon-hwa's boyfriend; later ex-boyfriend, Yoo-ra's childhood friend/long term crush, and Kang-wook's stepbrother. He truly and really loves Yeon-hwa and plans to marry her, but when Yeon-hwa was framed of killing his sister, he becomes upset and heartbroken, unaware that she
459-400: A seemingly happy couple, Yeon-hwa decides to focus on keeping her health strong, and gives birth to a boy named Tae-yang (she didn't know she was pregnant before trying to escape prison). Because she is in jail, she is only allowed to take care of her baby for 18 months, and the baby has to be sent away, where they can get picked up after their parent is released from jail. At 18 months, the baby
510-417: A small special-aid problem, and only listens to her sister and mother. She is scared of Jo Myung-tu, her step-grandma, and Yoo-ra. She believes in her sister's innocence, and helps her sister take care of her mother. Soo-ae also starts to have a close relationship with Kim Tae-il. The beloved mother of Yeon-hwa and Soo-ae. She becomes In-seok's wife and Yoo-ra's stepmother. She has evidence to prove that Yoo-ra
561-619: Is also generated by longstanding alliances, military involvement, and diplomacy, such as between South Korea–United States and China–North Korea since the end of World War II and the Korean War . Along with other languages such as Chinese and Arabic , Korean is ranked at the top difficulty level for English speakers by the United States Department of Defense . Modern Korean descends from Middle Korean , which in turn descends from Old Korean , which descends from
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#1732786594172612-656: Is an agglutinative language . The Korean language is traditionally considered to have nine parts of speech . Modifiers generally precede the modified words, and in the case of verb modifiers, can be serially appended. The sentence structure or basic form of a Korean sentence is subject–object–verb (SOV), but the verb is the only required and immovable element and word order is highly flexible, as in many other agglutinative languages. Question 가게에 gage-e store- LOC 가셨어요? ga-syeo-sseo-yo go- HON . PAST - CONJ - POL 가게에 가셨어요? gage-e ga-syeo-sseo-yo store-LOC go-HON.PAST-CONJ-POL 'Did [you] go to
663-511: Is closer to a near-open central vowel ( [ɐ] ), though ⟨a⟩ is still used for tradition. Grammatical morphemes may change shape depending on the preceding sounds. Examples include -eun/-neun ( -은/-는 ) and -i/-ga ( -이/-가 ). Sometimes sounds may be inserted instead. Examples include -eul/-reul ( -을/-를 ), -euro/-ro ( -으로/-로 ), -eseo/-seo ( -에서/-서 ), -ideunji/-deunji ( -이든지/-든지 ) and -iya/-ya ( -이야/-야 ). Some verbs may also change shape morphophonemically. Korean
714-407: Is heading off to an orphanage. However, Yoo-ra finds out about the baby and decides to switch his identity with another baby and send Tae-yang to a different couple, who was looking for a kid to adopt. Later on, Yeon-hwa is released out of jail earlier, and she decides to bring Tae-yang home, but she quickly finds out that Tae-yang is nowhere to be seen and that none of the kids found at the orphanage
765-442: Is her child. Devastated, she decides to go on a search for Tae-yang, as she starts to revenge on Yoo Ra, Choi In-seok, and police officer Park Chang-do, and prove her innocence. Her revenge goes through many hardships, though, as her mother is kidnapped 2 times and has become disabled and hospitalized. She also finds out about Tae-yang's death, which is fake written by Yoo-ra. But many times, Yeon-hwa succeeds in her plans, and wins over
816-500: Is in jail, using the identity as Cho Ru-ba. He supports Yeon-hwa even after she is released from jail and does anything to help her. He falls for her genuinely and proposes her, which she agrees for the sake of her revenge. He finds out about Yeon-hwa's true feelings, but decides to still marry her, despite the fact she does not have true love feelings for him, but thanks him for helping her. He dies after saving Yeon-hwa's son. Yeon-hwa also finds out about Cho Ru-ba's true identity. She has
867-623: Is jealous and angry to find out that her crush is the boyfriend of her one and only rival, and she starts a plan to break them up. One day, she accidentally hits Yoon-jae's sister Yoon-hee, causing Yoon-hee to die. Yoo-ra, scared that she will go to jail and lose the trust from Yoon-jae, decides to team up with her father; the judge, and a police officer, and frame Yeon-hwa, Yeon-hwa is then framed for 3 years. Yoo-ra marries Yoon-jae thinks she can finally relax peacefully, but only until she finds out that Yeon-hwa had given birth to Yoon-jae's son. Thinking that she will once again lose her husband, she switches
918-399: Is mainly reserved for specific circumstances such as newspapers, scholarly papers and disambiguation. Today Hanja is largely unused in everyday life but is still important for historical and linguistic studies. The Korean names for the language are based on the names for Korea used in both South Korea and North Korea. The English word "Korean" is derived from Goryeo , which is thought to be
969-426: Is named after the flower Adonis amurensis . Yeon-hwa and Yoo-ra became sisters after Yeon-hwa's mother engaged with Yoo-ra's father, but there is an invisible distance between both of them, especially Yeon-hwa's lover is Yoon-jae, who Yoo-ra crushes on. Until one day, Yoo-ra's car accidentally crashes into Yoon-hee, Yoon-jae's beloved sister, causing her to die. Yoo-ra then, comes up with a plan to blame Yeon-hwa for
1020-399: Is of faucalized consonants. They are produced with a partially constricted glottis and additional subglottal pressure in addition to tense vocal tract walls, laryngeal lowering, or other expansion of the larynx. /s/ is aspirated [sʰ] and becomes an alveolo-palatal [ɕʰ] before [j] or [i] for most speakers (but see North–South differences in the Korean language ). This occurs with
1071-544: Is the native language for about 81 million people, mostly of Korean descent. It is the national language of both North Korea and South Korea . Beyond Korea, the language is recognized as a minority language in parts of China , namely Jilin , and specifically Yanbian Prefecture , and Changbai County . It is also spoken by Sakhalin Koreans in parts of Sakhalin , the Russian island just north of Japan, and by
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#17327865941721122-635: Is the biological mother of Yoon-jae and Yoon-hee, but was set up by Min-ja, and got into an accident. She plans to revenge on Min-ja. She also supports Yeon-hwa, and helps her with her revenge, believing that Yeon-hwa isn't the true murderer. Ice Adonis topped the rating chart amongst other cable programs for 18 consecutive weeks, which resulted in its original run of 100 episodes being extended by eight more episodes. Distribution rights were later sold to Japan, Taiwan, Singapore, Philippines and Indonesia. Korean language Korean ( South Korean : 한국어 , Hanguk-eo ; North Korean : 조선어 , Chosŏnŏ )
1173-552: Is the true murderer and that her daughter has been wrongly convicted, and In-seok had contributions to the plans. Because of these evidences, Yoo-ra had kidnapped Kyung-sook 2 times, leaving her hospitalized and disabled, for a while. The evil stepmother oh Yoon-jae and Yoon-hee, and the mother of Kang-wook. She was once a maid of the Ha family. One day, she sets up Joo Hye-ran, the wife of the Ha family, making it look like Hye-ran left her kids and husband for another guy. Thus, Min-ja seduces
1224-747: Is well attested in Western Old Japanese and Northern Ryukyuan languages , in Eastern Old Japanese it only occurs in compounds, and it is only present in three dialects of the Southern Ryukyuan language group . Also, the doublet wo meaning "hemp" is attested in Western Old Japanese and Southern Ryukyuan languages. It is thus plausible to assume a borrowed term. (See Classification of the Japonic languages or Comparison of Japanese and Korean for further details on
1275-521: The Koryo-saram in parts of Central Asia . The language has a few extinct relatives which—along with the Jeju language (Jejuan) of Jeju Island and Korean itself—form the compact Koreanic language family . Even so, Jejuan and Korean are not mutually intelligible . The linguistic homeland of Korean is suggested to be somewhere in contemporary Manchuria . The hierarchy of the society from which
1326-527: The yangban aristocracy, who looked down upon it too easy to learn. However, it gained widespread use among the common class and was widely used to print popular novels which were enjoyed by the common class. Since few people could understand official documents written in classical Chinese, Korean kings sometimes released public notices entirely written in Hangul as early as the 16th century for all Korean classes, including uneducated peasants and slaves. By
1377-589: The Proto-Koreanic language , which is generally suggested to have its linguistic homeland somewhere in Manchuria . Whitman (2012) suggests that the proto-Koreans, already present in northern Korea, expanded into the southern part of the Korean Peninsula at around 300 BC and coexisted with the descendants of the Japonic Mumun cultivators (or assimilated them). Both had influence on each other and
1428-568: The Three Kingdoms of Korea (not the ancient confederacies in the southern Korean Peninsula), while " -eo " and " -mal " mean "language" and "speech", respectively. Korean is also simply referred to as guk-eo , literally "national language". This name is based on the same Han characters ( 國語 "nation" + "language") that are also used in Taiwan and Japan to refer to their respective national languages. In North Korea and China ,
1479-889: The 17th century, the yangban had exchanged Hangul letters with slaves, which suggests a high literacy rate of Hangul during the Joseon era. In the context of growing Korean nationalism in the 19th century, the Gabo Reform of 1894 abolished the Confucian examinations and decreed that government documents would be issued in Hangul instead of literary Chinese. Some newspapers were published entirely in Hangul, but other publications used Korean mixed script , with Hanja for Sino-Korean vocabulary and Hangul for other elements. North Korea abolished Hanja in writing in 1949, but continues to teach them in schools. Their usage in South Korea
1530-408: The 20th century. The script uses 24 basic letters ( jamo ) and 27 complex letters formed from the basic ones. When first recorded in historical texts, Korean was only a spoken language . Since the turn of the 21st century, aspects of Korean culture have spread to other countries through globalization and cultural exports . As such, interest in Korean language acquisition (as a foreign language )
1581-431: The accident, with the help of her father; a judge, and a police officer Park, whom she and her father bribed. This causes Yeon-hwa to be sentenced in jail for three years. When Yeon-hwa heard the news that Yoon-jae and Yoo-ra are to be married, she manages to escape from jail and plans to show up at the wedding unannounced, and do something drastic to Yoo-ra to get her to confess. After knowing that Yoon-jae and Yoo-ra are now
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1632-455: The beginnings of words. /l/ becomes alveolar flap [ɾ] between vowels, and [l] or [ɭ] at the end of a syllable or next to another /l/ . A written syllable-final ' ㄹ ', when followed by a vowel or a glide ( i.e. , when the next character starts with ' ㅇ '), migrates to the next syllable and thus becomes [ɾ] . Traditionally, /l/ was disallowed at the beginning of a word. It disappeared before [j] , and otherwise became /n/ . However,
1683-604: The chairman of J Cosmetics and becomes his wife and Yoon-jae/Yoon-hee's stepmother. She plans for her son Kang-wook to become the president of J Cosmetics. She also tries to win the trust of chairwoman Julia, who she has no idea that Julia is Hye-ran, coming back for revenge. The beloved sister of Yoon-jae, the team leader of J Cosmetics, and the girlfriend of Kim Tae-il, and is pregnant with his child. Because of her relationship with Tae-il, her brother Yoon-jae strongly disapproves. One day, Yoo-ra hits her with her car, and Yoon-hee dies. Before dying, she points to Yoo-ra, saying that she
1734-502: The evidence. He also starts a close connection with Yeon-hwa's sister, Soo-ae. Kyung-sook's husband, Yoo-ra's dad, Yeon-hwa's stepdad, and a court judge. To protect his daughter from being sentenced for murdering, he takes advantage on his position as a judge and teams up with Yoo-ra and Chang-do, and sentences Yeon-hwa. He knows most of Yoo-ra's wrongdoings, but stays quiet, thinking that is the way to protect his daughter. He later gets higher positions in society, which he used his power and
1785-399: The first Korean dynasty known to Western nations. Korean people in the former USSR refer to themselves as Koryo-saram or Koryo-in (literally, " Koryo/Goryeo persons"), and call the language Koryo-mal' . Some older English sources also use the spelling "Corea" to refer to the nation, and its inflected form for the language, culture and people, "Korea" becoming more popular in
1836-402: The help of Yeon-hwa (this was one of her plans to revenge). The grandmother of Yoo-ra, and the mother of In-seok. She has no clue about Yoo-ra and In-seok's plans. She also dislikes Yeon-hwa, Kyung-sook, and Soo-ae. The police officer, which Yoo-ra and In-seok bribed to hide all the evidence about the car accident. He is often bugged by Yoo-ra. He becomes Tae-il's target. The chairwoman. She
1887-419: The identity of the baby at the orphanage, and send him to another couple, without anyone knowing. Later on, she finds out that Yeon-hwa is released from jail. From then on, she tries many ways to ruin Yeon-hwa, but most failed. She then starts losing Yoon-jae's attention, until she gets pregnant, and uses this to rub it in Yeon-hwa's face, as Yeon-hwa gets a fake death report of her child. But not for long, she has
1938-479: The inflow of western loanwords changed the trend, and now word-initial /l/ (mostly from English loanwords) are pronounced as a free variation of either [ɾ] or [l] . All obstruents (plosives, affricates, fricatives) at the end of a word are pronounced with no audible release , [p̚, t̚, k̚] . Plosive sounds /p, t, k/ become nasals [m, n, ŋ] before nasal sounds. Hangul spelling does not reflect these assimilatory pronunciation rules, but rather maintains
1989-408: The issue between Japanese and Korean, including Alexander Vovin, have argued that the indicated similarities are not due to any genetic relationship , but rather to a sprachbund effect and heavy borrowing, especially from Ancient Korean into Western Old Japanese . A good example might be Middle Korean sàm and Japanese asá , meaning " hemp ". This word seems to be a cognate, but although it
2040-639: The language is most often called Joseon-mal , or more formally, Joseon-o . This is taken from the North Korean name for Korea (Joseon), a name retained from the Joseon dynasty until the proclamation of the Korean Empire , which in turn was annexed by the Empire of Japan . In mainland China , following the establishment of diplomatic relations with South Korea in 1992, the term Cháoxiǎnyǔ or
2091-472: The language originates deeply influences the language, leading to a system of speech levels and honorifics indicative of the formality of any given situation. Modern Korean is written in the Korean script ( 한글 ; Hangeul in South Korea, 조선글 ; Chosŏn'gŭl in North Korea), a system developed during the 15th century for that purpose, although it did not become the primary script until
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2142-455: The late 1800s. In South Korea the Korean language is referred to by many names including hanguk-eo ("Korean language"), hanguk-mal ("Korean speech") and uri-mal ("our language"); " hanguk " is taken from the name of the Korean Empire ( 대한제국 ; 大韓帝國 ; Daehan Jeguk ). The " han " ( 韓 ) in Hanguk and Daehan Jeguk is derived from Samhan , in reference to
2193-515: The population was illiterate. In the 15th century King Sejong the Great personally developed an alphabetic featural writing system , known today as Hangul , to promote literacy among the common people. Introduced in the document Hunminjeongeum , it was called eonmun ('colloquial script') and quickly spread nationwide to increase literacy in Korea. The Korean alphabet was denounced by
2244-534: The position as vice president of J Cosmetics, and gains the trust from chairwoman Julia, Yoon-jae's biological mother, who was once set up by Yoon-jae's stepmother, causing Yoon-jae to misunderstand that his mother was cheating when she really was set up. Yeon-hwa, also starts a relationship with the president of J Cosmetics, Choi Kang-wook, who is also the stepbrother of Yoon-jae. A kind hearted girl, who happens to be Yoon-jae's girlfriend; later ex-girlfriend, Yoo-ra's stepsister/rival, and Kang-wook's later on fiancé. She
2295-669: The short form Cháoyǔ has normally been used to refer to the standard language of North Korea and Yanbian , whereas Hánguóyǔ or the short form Hányǔ is used to refer to the standard language of South Korea. Korean is a member of the Koreanic family along with the Jeju language . Some linguists have included it in the Altaic family, but the core Altaic proposal itself has lost most of its prior support. The Khitan language has several vocabulary items similar to Korean that are not found in other Mongolian or Tungusic languages, suggesting
2346-441: The tense fricative and all the affricates as well. At the end of a syllable, /s/ changes to /t/ (example: beoseot ( 버섯 ) 'mushroom'). /h/ may become a bilabial [ɸ] before [o] or [u] , a palatal [ç] before [j] or [i] , a velar [x] before [ɯ] , a voiced [ɦ] between voiced sounds, and a [h] elsewhere. /p, t, t͡ɕ, k/ become voiced [b, d, d͡ʑ, ɡ] between voiced sounds. /m, n/ frequently denasalize at
2397-464: The underlying, partly historical morphology . Given this, it is sometimes hard to tell which actual phonemes are present in a certain word. The traditional prohibition of word-initial /ɾ/ became a morphological rule called "initial law" ( 두음법칙 ) in the pronunciation standards of South Korea, which pertains to Sino-Korean vocabulary. Such words retain their word-initial /ɾ/ in the pronunciation standards of North Korea. For example, ^NOTE ㅏ
2448-487: Was first introduced to Korea in the 1st century BC, and remained the medium of formal writing and government until the late 19th century. Korean scholars adapted Chinese characters (known in Korean as Hanja ) to write their own language, creating scripts known as idu , hyangchal , gugyeol , and gakpil. These systems were cumbersome, due to the fundamental disparities between the Korean and Chinese languages, and accessible only to those educated in classical Chinese. Most of
2499-403: Was the murderer, but everyone mistakens that she pointed to Yeon-hwa, thus, making Yeon-hwa the murderer. The beloved boyfriend of Ha Yoon-hee. He believes that Yeon-hwa has caused Yoon-hee and his non born son's death, and thus uses power to get revenge. However, he slowly starts to believe that Yeon-hwa is innocent and starts to suspect Yoo-ra, and targets her police officer, the one who hid all
2550-454: Was wrongly convicted of murder, set up by Yoo-ra. While being in jail, she gives birth to Yoon-jae's child, but because she is in jail, she is forced to send her child, Tae-yang to an orphanage when he is 18 months old. However, when Yeon-hwa is released from jail, she realized Tae-yang has been taken away. She goes on a search to find him, and starts her revenge in the people she believed to have set her up. Throughout her revenge quest, she starts
2601-400: Was wrongly convicted. He then agrees to marry Yoo-ra. Later on, Yeon-hwa is released out of jail, and has reapplied to be an employee at J Cosmetics. Yoon-jae still believes that Yeon-hwa is the murderer, and tries his best not to care about her, but he still has feelings and protects her. He is the father of Tae-yang, and has no idea about it and Yoo-ra's evil plans. At times, he finds out about
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