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21-727: Yeniçağa is a town in Bolu Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey , 38 km from the town of Bolu , on the Otoyul 4 highway from Istanbul to Ankara . It is the seat of Yeniçağa District . Its population is 4,625 (2021). Elevation is about 1200 m. The mayor is Recai Çağlar ( AKP ). Yeniçağa is a small town providing basic infrastructure to the surrounding countryside, and successive generations have migrated to large cities in Turkey or abroad in search of jobs and careers. There are

42-478: A large number of roadside restaurants, gas stations and repair shops along the old E5 Istanbul highway, these are mainly used by trucks as cars zoom by on the newer TEM motorway . Yeniçağa Lake is a popular spot for picnics under the trees on the lakeshore. There is an annual country fair ( panayır ). This geographical article about a location in Bolu Province , Turkey is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Bolu Province The province

63-608: Is called Gölcük. There is a structure on the shore of the lake named the State Guesthouse of the Ministry of Forestry. Near the nature park is an artificial lake; the lake is 13 kilometres (8 mi) to the south of the city of Bolu. It is not known when Bolu was first established. Some archaeological findings that date back about 100,000 years suggest the region was inhabited then. The area now in Bolu Province

84-612: Is drained by the Bolu River ( Boli Su ) and the Koca River. The forests, lakes, and mountains are home to wildlife, including three deer species. Parts of the province are vulnerable to earthquakes. The province has the Yedigöller National Park . There is also another area consisting of a lake and its surroundings that is under protection by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry as a ' nature park ' that

105-662: The Kingdom of Pontus . With Roman's help, the last Bithynian king, Nicomedes IV , regained his throne, but on his death bequeathed the kingdom to Rome. This led to the Third Mithridatic War and the fall of Pontus, after which the area was incorporated into the Roman Empire as a single province, merging Paphlagonia with Bithynia. Under the falling Byzantine Empire , the Bolu area was divided from western Bithynia at

126-571: The Ottoman Empire by Sultan Mehmed II in 1461. Descended from the Kayı branch of Oghuz Turks , the dynasty began when sultan Mesud II awarded the province of Eflani to Şemseddin Yaman Candar , a senior commander in the imperial armed forces, in gratitude for rescuing him from Mongol captivity. The province had previously been under the rule of the Çobanoğulları . Following

147-635: The Sakarya River , with western Bithynia keeping the name. The Sakarya River remains the southern and western boundary of the province. The Byzantine Empire briefly lost the Bolu area to the Seljuk Turks after the 1071 Battle of Manzikert but recovered it under Alexios I Komnenos . After the end of the Komnenos dynasty , the Turks gradually reclaimed the Bolu area back. In approximately 1240,

168-893: The Sivas region, and in 1383, lost Kastamonu to one of his own sons, Süleyman, who had received military support from the Ottoman sultan Murad I . Following this defeat, Kötürüm Bayezid Bey retreated to Sinop , which led to the division of the Beylik of Candar. On Kötürüm Bayezid's death in 1385, his son Süleyman succeeded him as Süleyman II, and reunited the recently divided principality back into one realm. With Kastamonu Castle as his seat, Süleyman II remained faithful to Murad I , his supporter in his revolt against his father and predecessor, and, from 1386 to 1389, participated in various Ottoman campaigns in Europe . In 1391, Murad's successor to

189-498: The beyliks under his rule. In 1461, joining forces with Ismail's brother Kızıl Ahmed Bey, he captured Sinop and officially ended the reign of the Candar dynasty, although he did at first appoint Ahmed Bey as the governor of Kastamonu and Sinop , only for the appointment to be revoked in 1464. After the incorporation of the Beylik of Candar into the Ottoman Empire , the ruling dynasty was offered various important functions within

210-600: The Mongols of Persia, until the death of their ruler Abu Sa'id . Following the death of Süleyman I, his sons Ibrahim I and Ali were involved in a dynastic struggle for the throne. In 1339, Ibrahim was victorious and thus took over the rule of Kastamonu , the seat of the principality, as bey . Upon his death, he was succeeded by his cousin Adil (1346–1361), who in turn was succeeded by his own son, Kötürüm Bayezid. Kötürüm Bayezid Bey fought twice with Kadi Burhan al-Din , ruler of

231-718: The Ottoman throne, Bayezid I , launched an assault on Kastamonu in an attempt to gain control of the Anatolian beyliks , which saw the death of Süleyman II and with it an end to the Candar dynasty's long reign in Kastamonu . Succeeding Süleyman II as bey was his son and heir İsfendiyar Bey , who in a bid to avoid conflict with the neighboring Ottomans , recognized the suzerainty of Bayezid I and became an Ottoman vassal , which Bayezid reciprocated by granting İsfendiyar autonomy in his dominion. However, after Bayezid

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252-775: The Seljuk Turks took the eastern part of the Bolu area (i.e., the Paphlagonian part) from the Byzantine Empire and incorporated it into the Sultanate of Rum . Due to their assistance in taking it and Sinop , the Chobanids were given that territory and adjacent areas to the north and east to govern. That eastern area fell to the Isfendiyarids in 1292 and was controlled by them until 1461, after which it

273-661: The administration of the Ottoman state , which they maintained until its dissolution in 1922. Descendants of the Candar dynasty live today as citizens of the Republic of Turkey mostly in Istanbul and in Europe , using various family names. Ayşe Sultan, who was the last identified descendant, died in Ankara in 1981, having benefited from the unique status afforded to the dynasty within the Ottoman Empire . Due to their similarities,

294-580: The arms of Candar may be confused with what is now referred to as the Star of David . However, in medieval times , this particular symbol was not solely associated with Judaism , but also with Islam where it was known as the Seal of Solomon , borne by the prophet Sulaiman , son of David . The symbol gained popularity amongst the beyliks of Anatolia , with the Beylik of Karaman another state known to have adopted

315-517: The death of Şemseddin Yaman Candar , his son Süleyman I conquered the neighboring province of Kastamonu and annexed Safranbolu and Sinop , formerly ruled by the descendants of Mu‘in al-Din Suleyman . Süleyman subsequently appointed his son Ibrahim I as Governor of Sinop , while his second son Ali was appointed Governor of Safranbolu . Süleyman reigned under the authority of the Ilkhanate ,

336-456: The incorporation of these provinces to the Ottoman Empire , the Candar dominion was divided once more. İsfendiyar revolted against the new sultan Murad II , only to be defeated, and retreated to Sinop in 1423. İsfendiyar Bey died in 1439 and was succeeded by his son Ibrahim II, who upon his own death was succeeded by Ismail in 1443. Following his conquest of Constantinople in 1453, the Ottoman sultan Mehmed II turned to Anatolia to unite

357-679: Was an Oghuz Turkic princely Anatolian dynasty that reigned in the territories corresponding to the provinces of Eflani , Kastamonu , Sinop , Zonguldak , Bartın , Karabük , Samsun , Bolu , Ankara and Çankırı in present-day Turkey from the year 1291 to 1461. The region was known in Western literature as Paphlagonia , a name applied to the same geographical area during the Roman period. The dynasty and principality, founded by Şemseddin Yaman Candar Bey , were incorporated into

378-596: Was defeated at the hands of the Timurids in 1402, İsfendiyar recognized the authority of their Khan , Timur , who confirmed İsfendiyar's rule in the traditional Candar realm of Kastamonu , Kalecik , Tosya , and Çankırı . Following the departure of Timur from Anatolia during the Ottoman Interregnum , İsfendiyar Bey stood close to all the four sons of Bayezid I . When one of his sons, Kasım claimed control over Çankırı and Tosya and declared

399-567: Was geographically part of the Kastamonu Vilayet . Bolu province is divided into nine districts , four sub-districts, thirteen municipalities, and 491 villages. Towns include: 40°40′45″N 31°33′30″E  /  40.67917°N 31.55833°E  / 40.67917; 31.55833 Isfendiyarids The Candar dynasty ( Turkish : Candaroğulları ), also known as the Isfendiyar dynasty ( İsfendiyaroğulları ),

420-638: Was in eastern Bithynia and southwestern Paphlagonia . The town of Bithynium, from which the area takes its name, is the modern Bolu . The area was called Bithynia during the Hellenistic period. The Romans named it Claudiopolis, and it was called Bolu by the Turks. By approximately 375 BCE, Bithynia had gained its independence from Persia under Artaxerxes II , and King Bas subsequently defeated Alexander 's attempt to take it. The Bithynian region, with parts of Paphlagonia remained its own kingdom until 88 BCE, when it briefly came under Mithridates VI and

441-464: Was incorporated into the rest of the Ottoman Empire by Mehmed II . By 1265, the western part of the Bolu area was again acquired by the Seljuk Turks, but it fell to Orhan and the Ottoman Empire in the early to mid-1300s. The two areas were reunited in 1461, under Mehmed II. In the 1864 Ottoman Empire administrative reorganization , Bolu was made into an independent sanjak , although it

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