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66-405: Yeronga Fire Station is a heritage-listed former fire station at 785 Ipswich Road , Yeronga , City of Brisbane , Queensland , Australia. It was designed by architectural firm Atkinson and Conrad , and built in 1934 by contractor William Allen Miller. It is a two-storey timber structure adjacent to Yeronga Park, and originally housed the station facilities on the ground floor and a residence for

132-400: A "trophy wall" or case where the firefighters display memorabilia. Fluting (architecture) Fluting in architecture and the decorative arts consists of shallow grooves running along a surface. The term typically refers to the curved grooves (flutes) running vertically on a column shaft or a pilaster , but is not restricted to those two applications. If the scoops taken out of

198-415: A central hall. The smaller bedrooms and bathroom are through an arched opening to the west of the hall and the kitchen and living room open to the east and south of the hall. The cupboard to the east of the hall that housed the fireman's pole is now used for storage. The kitchen no longer functions as a kitchen but cupboards to the west and an arched recess and broom cupboard to the south remain. The bedroom to

264-488: A consulting firm. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 23 April 1999. Between 1860 and 1868, there were five attempts to form a firefighting service for Brisbane. Each brigade struggled to survive, unable to attract a viable subscription base, hampered by inadequate equipment and an unreliable water supply, and given a low priority among civic and government leaders. A fifth brigade,

330-461: A fire station are often posted with warning signs, and there may be a traffic signal to stop or warn traffic when apparatus are leaving or returning to the station. Fire stations have often been built with a tower, for purposes that have changed with time. A drill tower is used for practicing high-rise rescue, while a hose tower is used for hanging hoses to dry to prevent rot. Historically, towers were lookouts for spotting fires. Activities at

396-408: A fire station include regular inspection and cleaning of the apparatus and equipment, and training drills in which the firefighters practice their skills. Some fire companies also host public activities at the fire station during events such as a "fire prevention week", and the facility may also be used for fund-raising by the "firemen's association", " fire buffs ", or "fire auxiliary". If the station

462-629: A landmark on Ipswich Road, a busy Brisbane arterial. The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons. The former Yeronga Fire Station is important as one of a number of civic and community service buildings located within Yeronga Park. The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland's history. The former Yeronga Fire Station

528-450: A play of light on a column which helps the column appear more perfectly round than a smooth column. As a strong vertical element it also has the visual effect of minimizing any horizontal joints. Greek architects viewed rhythm as an important design element. As such, fluting was often used on buildings and temples to increase the sense of rhythm. It may also be incorporated in columns to make them look thinner, lighter, and more elegant. It

594-430: A semi-circle, and are usually terminated at the top and bottom by a semi-circular scoop, followed by a small distance where the column has its full circular profile, or indeed swells. These orders always have a base to the columns, often an elaborate one. While Greek temples employed columns for load-bearing purposes, Roman architects often used columns more as decorative elements. They tend to use fluting less often than

660-524: A similar principle, before 20 flutes became the convention. Fluting is also found in other parts of the classical Persian column. The bases are often fluted, and the "bell" part of the capital has stylized plant ornament that comes close to fluting. Above this there is usually a tall section with four flat fluted volutes . Fluting was used in both Greek and Roman architecture , especially for temples, but then became rare in Byzantine architecture , where

726-631: A stark Doric look became fashionable in Germany (where it was partly a gesture against over-elegant French styles), Britain and the United States. Fluting became more common, even usual for grand buildings, even in the Ionic and Corinthian orders. A gentler version of the style is exemplified throughout many government buildings and monuments in the United States , though some buildings like

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792-399: Is an important example of the architecture and planning of Brisbane suburban fire stations of the 1930s. The interiors in both the operational and domestic areas are substantially intact. The place is important because of its aesthetic significance. The former Yeronga Fire Station has aesthetic and architectural significance as a modest, functional civic building. Robust and austere, it is

858-630: Is an important example of the upgrading of fire stations undertaken in Brisbane suburbs by the Queensland Government through the Metropolitan Fire Board during the 1930s. The former Yeronga Fire Station is important in demonstrating the growth of Yeronga during the 1930s. The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places. The former Yeronga Fire Station

924-563: Is an important example of the work of the architectural firm Atkinson and Conrad. Atkinson, through the firms he was associated with, sustained a long association with the Fire Services in Brisbane commencing in 1890 with his design for the new headquarters for the Brisbane Fire Brigade. His architectural practices were responsible for many of the fire stations throughout Brisbane. [REDACTED] This Misplaced Pages article

990-439: Is generally agreed that fluting was used on wooden columns (none of which have survived) before it was used on stone; with a curved adze applying concave fluting to wooden columns made from tree trunks, would have been relatively easy. Convex fluting was probably intended to imitate plant forms. Minoan and Mycenaean architecture used both, but Greek and Roman architecture used the concave style almost exclusively. Fluting

1056-584: Is not used in Doric order columns. Cabled fluting may have been used to prevent wear and damage to the sharp edges of the flutes along the bottom part of the column. Spiral fluting is a rather rare style in Roman architecture , and even rarer in the later classical tradition. However, it was in fashion in the Eastern Roman Empire between about 100 and 250 AD. What is in effect horizontal "fluting"

1122-420: Is occupied full-time by career firefighters , it will contain living quarters and work areas, where they wait until a callout comes through. Career firefighters are usually able to sleep during a night shift, so these stations will also have dormitories. There will be an alarm system to alert them of an emergency call , and to give some indication of where and what the emergency is. In some small fire departments,

1188-554: Is possible that in some buildings fluting in stucco, "so much used and so rarely preserved" according to J. B. Ward-Perkins , was applied to stone columns. Roman Doric columns "nearly always" have a base, although Vitruvius does not insist on one. Fluted Corinthian columns perhaps became associated with imperial grandeur. Even rather small provincial caesariums, or temples of the Imperial cult have them on their porches, as do imperial triumphal arches . Examples of temples include

1254-466: Is sometimes applied, in particular to parts of the bases of columns. It tends to be called "banding". Fluted columns in the Doric order of classical architecture have 20 flutes. Ionic , Corinthian , and Composite columns traditionally have 24. Fluting is never used on Tuscan order columns. Flat-faced pilasters generally have between five and seven flutes. Fluting is always applied exclusively to

1320-501: Is sometimes found in the same way, as inside Cave 26 at Ajanta, from the late 5th or early 6th century. Similar visual effects are more often achieved by giving column shafts several flat faces. The Heliodorus pillar of about 113 BC has three different zones with 8, 16 and 32 flat faces (lowest first), with a round zone above that. Fluting was also used in capitals, in contrast to the Greco-Roman tradition. The "bell" capitals of

1386-417: Is supported by steel tie-rods fixed to the exterior of the first floor. Rectangular in plan, the ground floor contains an engine room, watchroom, dormitory, kitchen, bathroom and recreation room. Tall, vertical, timber, bifold, counterweighted doors to School Road open into the engine room around which the other rooms are arranged in an L-shape. The concrete floor to the engine room has been painted green but

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1452-570: Is two of the large columns ("piers") in the nave of Durham Cathedral (c. 1120s). These have a distinctive format of alternating convex and concave flutes. These were carved on the stones before the pier was erected. The entrance of the Castel del Monte, Apulia , Italy, an imperial castle from the 1240s, has very thin fluted pilasters under a pediment , in an early and rather shaky attempt to revive classical forms. The revival of classical architectural elements, including Classical order columns,

1518-542: The Achaemenid Empire in ancient Persia, over roughly the same period that Doric temples developed in Greece. The ruins of Persepolis , Iran, where examples can be most clearly be seen, are probably mostly from the 6th century BC. In grand settings the columns are usually fluted, with tall capitals featuring two highly decorated animals, and column bases of various types. The flutes are shallow, with arrises, like

1584-780: The Ashoka columns are fluted, as are the flatter capitals in Cave 26 of the Ajanta Caves . In the Ashoka columns the flutes are stylized leaves, clinging to the bell, with round bottoms. Fluted columns, some with entasis , were one of the options available to Chinese architects and cave-carvers (survivals are mostly in Buddhist rock-carved shrines) in the 3rd to 6th centuries AD. Some engaged columns were also topped by quasi-capital with volutes, but usually curling up, rather than down as in

1650-669: The Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. (1922), continued to use Greek Doric with no bases to the columns. In the 20th century New Classical architecture made considerable use of fluting. Fluting, very often convex, is also found in various media in the decorative arts , including metalware, wooden furniture, glass and pottery. It was common in English cut glass of the Georgian period. In metal plate armour , fluting

1716-882: The Maison carrée , the Roman Temple of Évora , and Temple of Augustus, Barcelona in provincial centres, as well as the much larger temples in Rome, such as the Temple of Vespasian and Titus . However the Temple of Augustus, Pula has plain Corinthian columns. Triumphal arches with fluting include the Arch of Augustus in Rimini , and the one in Susa , Arch of Trajan in Ancona , and all

1782-576: The Temple of Hatshepsut , Deir el-Bahari , Egypt, c. 1470 BC bear a considerable resemblance to the Greek Doric column, although the capitals are plain square blocks. The columns taper slightly and have broad flutes that disappear into the floor. It has been suggested that columns of this type influenced the Greeks. Persian columns do not follow the Classical orders, but were developed during

1848-514: The giant order columns on the facade are plain, but the main pilasters in the interior are cable-fluted, and smaller columns, for example framing the doors, are fluted. Plain columns and fluted pilasters became a common mixture, not least because at least the internal pilasters are often stucco over brick, making fluting much easier and cheaper than carving in stone. Although, like other Renaissance manuals, I quattro libri dell'architettura by Andrea Palladio (1570) recommended and illustrated

1914-757: The City Volunteer Fire Brigade, was established in 1868 under rules which provided for better financial control and management through the Fire Brigade Board. These arrangements were consolidated by the Fire Brigades Act of 1881, which established that the Brigade was to be funded from contributions by the Queensland Government , Brisbane Municipal Council , insurance companies, and subscriptions. In 1889,

1980-497: The Greek Doric, but they are more numerous, and therefore narrower. The large columns at Persepolis have as many as 40 or 48 flutes, with smaller columns elsewhere 32; the width of a flute is kept fairly constant, so the number of flutes increases with the girth of the column, in contrast to the Greek practice of keeping the number of flutes on a column constant and varying the width of the flute. The early Doric temples seem to have had

2046-523: The Greeks in the Ionic and Corinthian orders, and to mix fluted and unfluted columns in the same building more often. The external columns on the Colosseum , which use the three classical orders on different levels, are not fluted, nor are the large monolithic granite Corinthian columns of the portico of the Pantheon, Rome , a very grand temple, though many columns in the interior are. However, it

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2112-421: The Ionic; in some cases these were also at the bottom of the shaft. The possibility of influence, perhaps indirect, from the Greco-Roman world has been discussed by scholars. However, vertical fluting cannot be called a common form of decoration. In Byzantine architecture columns were mostly relatively small and functional rather than decorative. They were used to support galleries, ciboriums over altars and

2178-630: The Metropolitan Fire Brigades Board, on 18 April 1934. The building housed the station facilities on the ground floor and a residence for the superintendent on the first floor. This combination of station and residence was the typical design for fire stations in Brisbane at this time. Similar, though larger, residential fire stations were built at Coorparoo in 1935 ( Coorparoo Fire Station ); Nundah in 1936 ( Nundah Fire Station ); Wynnum in 1938 ( Wynnum Fire Station ); and Hamilton in 1941. During World War II, Yeronga Park

2244-518: The apparent geometry of the design, that Greek architects introduced. These include entasis , swelling in the middle part of the shaft, tapering at the top of the shaft, and a slight slant to the whole column. In the Parthenon the depth of the flutes increases towards the top of the shafts. In the earliest Doric examples the columns are rather slim, and often only have 16 flutes. By the mid-6th century BC shafts were thicker, and 20 became settled as

2310-469: The building was being used as offices for a consulting firm. Yeronga Fire Station is a two-storey timber-framed structure, clad with weatherboards to the lower level and battened fibro sheeting to the upper level, beneath a red terracotta tiled gabled roof. An awning with a pressed metal edging decorated with pateras and fluting shelters the engine room entrance to the School Road frontage and

2376-492: The conventional Vitruvian styles of fluting, in his own buildings Palladio very rarely used fluting; in the Doric and Corinthian orders, his shafts are "almost never fluted", and in the Ionic he "never used fluted shafts". Fluting dramatically returned to European architecture in the late 18th century with Neoclassical architecture , especially Greek Revival architecture . By this time publications which measured and illustrated authentic Greek Doric buildings were available, and

2442-503: The curved sides. By the time of the second Heraion of Samos , perhaps around 550 BC, lathes were being used. Fluting is treated as optional in Ionic and Corinthian buildings, or perhaps was sometimes left for later if money was running short; in some buildings the fluting was probably carved long after the initial "completion". The fluting used for the Ionic and Corinthian orders was slightly different, normally with fillets between

2508-469: The earliest remaining examples of fluting in limestone columns can be seen at Djoser's necropolis in Saqqara , built by Imhotep in the 27th century BC. The Temple of Luxor , mostly about 1400 BC, has different types in different areas. In some types only part of the shaft is fluted; some columns at Luxor have five different zones of vertical fluting or horizontal banding. Some of the smaller columns at

2574-598: The emphasis was on fine coloured stone, and the architecture of the Middle Ages in the West. Columns in buildings of the Doric order were almost always fluted; the unfluted columns of the temple of Segesta in Sicily are one of the reasons that archaeologists believe the temple was never completed, probably because of war. They demonstrate that the plain columns, made of several circular "drums", were put into place before

2640-570: The expanding Brisbane suburbs. In the 1930s, the Board was resiting old stations and erecting new stations under a program funded by the Queensland Government, instigated by the Minister for Health and Home Affairs, Ned Hanlon . The Yeronga Fire Station, the first fire station in Yeronga, was erected under this program by contractor William Allen Miller, and opened by William Brian Denmead, chairman of

2706-540: The first full-time firemen were hired, and a permanent fire brigade was established. A new headquarters, designed by Henry Wallace Atkinson , was completed on the corner of Ann and Edwards Streets (on a corner of the Normal School site) in 1890. After the establishment of the South Coast railway in 1884, the Metropolitan Fire Brigades Board was attempting to respond to the increased firefighting needs of

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2772-426: The flutes are convex rather than concave, so the effect is the inverse of Greek fluting. Fluting is generally with the intention of making the column look like a bundle of plant stems, and the "papyriform column" is one of several types, which did not become standardized into "orders" in the Greek way. Often vertical fluting is interrupted by horizontal bands, suggesting binding holding a group of stems together. One of

2838-471: The flutes were carved to ensure the grooves matched up perfectly. But the flutes of the top and bottom drums appear to have been started, to give a guide for the rest. A now isolated Ionic column at the Temple of Apollo, Didyma shows this; only part of the top drum has been fluted. Another unfinished Ionic drum section in the agora at Kos has been marked up for fluting, which never took place. In both of these examples there are rather wide margins outside

2904-556: The flutes, that may appear flat, but actually follow the curvature of the column. Despite Ionic columns of a given height being slimmer than Doric ones, they have more flutes, with 24 being settled on as the standard, after early experiments. These took the number as high as 48 in some columns in the second building of the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus in Turkey, one of the earliest "really large Greek temples", of about 550 BC. Ionic and Corinthian flutes are also deeper, some approaching

2970-418: The flutes, which ended in a sharp arris, being worn down by people brushing past. The flutes continue right down to the base of the column, and at the top usually pass through three very narrow bands cut into the stone before reaching the base of the capital, where the shaft swells slightly. The flutes were carved by making an initial narrow cut to the appropriate depth in the centre of each flute, then shaping

3036-424: The fluting to the roughly finished surface. There has been considerable modern exploration of the mathematical techniques used to create models of templates for fluting. The practical problems for the masons were increased by the variable girth of the shafts, which both tapered overall and had the entasis swelling in the middle. Greek masons had also to allow for the various refinements, or subtle departures from

3102-771: The imperial arches in Rome. Large temples with unfluted columns include the Temple of Saturn (Ionic, and a late rebuilding), the Temple of Venus and Rome , and others in the Roman Forum . Sections of column shafts with relatively shallow vertical concave fluting were used in India, especially in early rock-cut architecture , as at the Buddhist Ajanta Caves . They were typically mixed with horizontal bands of more complex ornament, such as garlands or floral scrolls. These were useful for covering what might be awkward transitions between different zones. Spiral fluting

3168-552: The like. Byzantine taste appreciated rare and expensive types of stone, and like to see these in round and polished form. Even ancient columns re-used as spolia were probably smoothed down if fluted, as they are so rarely seen in Byzantine buildings. Columns continued to be important in Romanesque and Gothic architecture , often engaged or clustered together in bunches. But the shafts are almost always plain. An exception

3234-438: The living quarters on the same level as the garage. Some fire stations are not regularly occupied, with the firefighting carried out by volunteer or retained firefighters . In this case, the firefighters are summoned to the fire station by siren , radio or pagers , where they will then deploy the fire engine. These fire stations may still have office space for the firefighters, a library of reference and other materials, and

3300-603: The material meet in a sharp ridge, the ridge is called an arris . If the raised ridge between two flutes appears flat, the ridge is a fillet . Fluted columns are common in the tradition of classical architecture but were not invented by the ancient Greeks, but rather passed down or learned from the Mycenaeans or the Egyptians . Especially in stone architecture, fluting distinguishes the column shafts and pilasters visually from plain masonry walls behind. Fluting promotes

3366-430: The northwest and the bathroom have been converted to toilets. The living room has an arched recess and opens to an enclosed verandah to the southeast. The wall separating bedrooms one and two has been removed. All rooms are lined with tongue-and-groove boarding and have fibro sheeted and battened ceilings. The battening to the ceiling in bedroom one forms a lozenge-like pattern. A small, tubular-steel and chain wire gate to

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3432-435: The number of flutes, thereafter very rarely deviated from when using the Doric order. This fixing of the number seems to have happened while "Temple C" at Selinus was being built, around 550 BC, as there is a mixture of 16 and 20 flutes. In some buildings, especially secular stoas and the like, the bottom of the shaft might be left smooth up to about the height of a man. Greek Doric columns had no base, and this prevented

3498-546: The only alarm may be a telephone for receiving calls. Many fire stations were built with the living quarters above the garage. This arrangement is common for fire stations built in a crowded city. The fireman's pole was invented to allow firefighters to quickly descend to the garage. In modern times, agencies such as the National Fire Protection Association have argued that these pose a safety hazard. Modern fire stations are often built with

3564-420: The primary fire companies and apparatus housed there, such as "Ladder 49". Other fire stations are named based on the settlement, neighborhood or street where they are located, or given a number. A fire station will at a minimum have a garage for housing at least one fire engine . There will also be storage space for equipment, though the most important equipment is stored in the vehicle itself. The approaches to

3630-421: The rear of the station connects to the entrance to the residential accommodation for the station superintendent above which contains three bedrooms, living room, kitchen, bathroom and hall. A laundry, on a suspended concrete slab supported by concrete piers, is off the landing of the dog-leg stair. The entrance to the residence opens off a small sheltered porch at the top of the stair through an arched doorway into

3696-430: The rear of the station for storage and additional office accommodation. On 27 November 2014, it was damaged by hail and rain in the 2014 Brisbane hailstorm . The former Yeronga Fire Station was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 23 April 1999 having satisfied the following criteria. The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history. The former Yeronga Fire Station

3762-433: The rear of the station off the engine room and opening to the rear yard. All ground floor rooms are lined with tongue-and-groove boarding and have fibro sheeted battened ceilings. The dormitory contains built-in timber cupboards and tilting fanlights to the engine room wall. The bathroom has a terrazzo floor. A serving hatch has been cut into the wall between the kitchen and the recreation room. A dog-leg timber stair at

3828-402: The red fire engine guide tracks are evident in areas where the paint has worn. The watchroom is at the front of the station off the engine room and opens into the adjacent dormitory. The fireman's pole terminated in a small hall in the centre of the building to the rear of the engine room. The pole has been removed. The kitchen, bathroom and dormitory open off this hall. The recreation room is to

3894-489: The shaft of the column, and may run either the entire shaft length from the base to the capital, or with the lower third of the column shaft filled. The latter application is used to complement the entasis of the column, which begins one third of the way up from the bottom of the shaft. Fluting might be applied to freestanding, structural columns, as well as engaged columns and decorative pilasters . Ancient Egyptian architecture used fluting in many buildings; most often

3960-566: The superintendent on the first floor, a combination typical for Brisbane fire stations of this era. The station was decommissioned in 1974, when operations were shifted to the new station at Acacia Ridge . It was subsequently used as offices for the Queensland State Emergency Service, but was put up for sale by the Department of Natural Resources in 1999; as of 2014, the building was being used as offices for

4026-433: The west of the station opens to a drained, concrete path continuous about the west, north and east of the station. A battered bank rises up on each side of the concrete path to the level of the park behind. Concrete vehicle tracks from Ipswich Road gateway finish at the rear of the station. Repairs to the northeast corner of the concrete path indicate the location of an earlier tank stand. Two timber sheds have been erected to

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4092-654: Was central to Renaissance architecture , built between the 15th and 17th centuries in Europe. But columns were used sparingly in the Early Renaissance , except for courtyard arcades, and fluting is slow to appear. The Pazzi Chapel in Florence by Filippo Brunelleschi (1429) has plain columns (outside) but cable-fluted pilasters inside and out. A similar mixture is seen in St Peter's Basilica in Rome, where

4158-630: Was originally based on "The Queensland heritage register" published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 7 July 2014, archived on 8 October 2014). The geo-coordinates were originally computed from the "Queensland heritage register boundaries" published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 5 September 2014, archived on 15 October 2014). [REDACTED] Media related to Yeronga Fire Station at Wikimedia Commons Fire station In large U.S. cities, fire stations are often named for

4224-576: Was used by the United States Army as a military camp, and an effigy of Adolf Hitler was hung from the awning at the fire station. The Yeronga Fire Station was decommissioned in 1974 when operations were relocated to the new Acacia Ridge Station. It was subsequently used as an office for the Queensland State Emergency Service , but was put up for sale by the Department of Natural Resources in 1999. As of 2014,

4290-412: Was used in several of the decorative arts in various media. If the flutes (hollowed-out grooves) are partly re-filled with moulding , this form of decorated fluting is cabled fluting , ribbed fluting , rudenture , stopped fluting or stop-fluting . Cabling refers to this or cable molding . When this occurs in columns, it is on roughly the lower third of the grooves. This decorative element

4356-692: Was very common in formal ancient Greek architecture , and compulsory in the Greek Doric order . It was optional for the Ionic and Corinthian orders . In Roman architecture it was used a good deal less, and effectively disappeared in European medieval architecture. It was revived in Renaissance architecture , without becoming usual, but in Neoclassical architecture once again became very common in larger buildings. Throughout all this, fluting

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