63-618: Ying Wa College (also referred to as YWC , Anglo-Chinese College , Chinese : 英華書院 ) is a direct subsidised boys' secondary school in Kowloon , Hong Kong near Nam Cheong station . It was established (as the Anglo-Chinese College) in Malacca in 1818 by the first Protestant missionary to China, Rev. Robert Morrison . In 1843, the college was moved to Hong Kong . Being the only school with over 200 years of history, it
126-509: A certain extent in South Korea , remain virtually identical to traditional characters, with variations between the two forms largely stylistic. There has historically been a debate on traditional and simplified Chinese characters . Because the simplifications are fairly systematic, it is possible to convert computer-encoded characters between the two sets, with the main issue being ambiguities in simplified representations resulting from
189-565: A great loss in 1922 when Hughes became ill and died in Japan while on his way back to England on sick leave. In that year, the London Missionary Society transferred Rev. L. G. Phillips from Amoy to Hong Kong. He served as Headmaster for over two years. With Phillips's departure in 1924 and troubles in connection with the premises at 80 Bonham Road , the college entered another difficult period. The premises were rented from
252-563: A school that would allow Western missionaries to learn Oriental cultures and languages. He also hoped that the school would play a role on introducing the East to the West and vice versa; in other words, to mediate between the two civilisations, and thus to prepare the way for the quiet and peaceful dissemination of Christian thought in China. With the help of William Milne , who joined Morrison in 1813,
315-817: Is 産 (also the accepted form in Japan and Korea), while in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan the accepted form is 產 (also the accepted form in Vietnamese chữ Nôm ). The PRC tends to print material intended for people in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan, and overseas Chinese in traditional characters. For example, versions of the People's Daily are printed in traditional characters, and both People's Daily and Xinhua have traditional character versions of their website available, using Big5 encoding. Mainland companies selling products in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan use traditional characters in order to communicate with consumers;
378-591: Is a retronym applied to non-simplified character sets in the wake of widespread use of simplified characters. Traditional characters are commonly used in Taiwan , Hong Kong , and Macau , as well as in most overseas Chinese communities outside of Southeast Asia. As for non-Chinese languages written using Chinese characters, Japanese kanji include many simplified characters known as shinjitai standardized after World War II, sometimes distinct from their simplified Chinese counterparts . Korean hanja , still used to
441-491: Is a mantra devised by former headmaster Mr Terence Iles for cheering purpose in inter-school sports events. Its use is not limited today, as students would chant spontaneously in various school events, like the swimming gala, the athletic meet and the school anniversary day. There is a special tradition involving the Ying Wa Cry. Each time after the school song is sung (excluding formal events, e.g. events that take place in
504-583: Is not used as frequently used as the school song; it is typically used in the Annual Speech Day amongst other ceremonious occasions. It is also used in some other schools in Hong Kong, including Sheng Kung Hui Lam Woo Memorial Secondary School , Sheng Kung Hui Tang Shiu Kin Secondary School , St. Paul's College and St Stephen's Girls' College . TWO, FOUR, SIX, EIGHT, WHAT DO WE APPRECIATE? YING WA! YING WA! WA! WA! WA! The Ying Wa Cry
567-493: Is the oldest school in Hong Kong. The College Deed, signed in 1821, stated that the objective of the school was the reciprocal cultivation of English and Chinese literature as well as the diffusion of Christianity ( Chinese : 促進中西方學術交流，並廣傳基督福音 ). Didi Tang of The Times , in 2021, stated that Ying Wa is a "well-known school" in Hong Kong. Robert Morrison of the London Missionary Society arrived at China in 1807 to begin his work of evangelisation. He planned to establish
630-493: The Chinese Commercial News , World News , and United Daily News all use traditional characters, as do some Hong Kong–based magazines such as Yazhou Zhoukan . The Philippine Chinese Daily uses simplified characters. DVDs are usually subtitled using traditional characters, influenced by media from Taiwan as well as by the two countries sharing the same DVD region , 3. With most having immigrated to
693-610: The Standard Form of National Characters . These forms were predominant in written Chinese until the middle of the 20th century, when various countries that use Chinese characters began standardizing simplified sets of characters, often with characters that existed before as well-known variants of the predominant forms. Simplified characters as codified by the People's Republic of China are predominantly used in mainland China , Malaysia, and Singapore. "Traditional" as such
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#1732787410583756-685: The American Civil War , Caine Road was home to Sara Delano , President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt 's mother whose family had a permanent residence at Rose Hill on Caine Road (currently standing near the Immaculate Conception Cathedral of Hong Kong ) through their connection to the American trading house Russell & Company . In the afternoon of 15 December 1941, during
819-684: The Battle of Hong Kong , a stick Japanese bombs hit the junction of Old Bailey Street and Caine Road, the junction of Pottinger Street and Hollywood Road , Wellington Street and the Central Police Station . The bombing was part of a systematic bombardment of the Hong Kong Island 's north shore that was launched on that day. The following major buildings and structures are located along Caine Road: From 7am to 7pm during weekdays, driving west-bound from Upper Albert Road
882-683: The German Rhenish Missionary ). The college grappled with many financial problems and it was at this time that help was received from the China Congregational Church. Financial assistance was also received from the Government. In 1917, Hughes was called up for service in the First World War . Rev. W. T. Pearce became Acting Headmaster until Hughes returned after the war. The college suffered
945-537: The Hong Kong Council of the Church of Christ in China . A board of directors was established. Terence Iles was appointed to succeed Noble as headmaster. Iles was most active in organising various extracurricular activities, with a view to developing students' all-roundedness. He had established the house system , in which students were divided into different houses upon arrival to the school. This intensified
1008-755: The Imperial Japan . The school building itself, commandeered by the Japanese authorities, was used as a P.W.D. depot. Mr Noble, being a member of the naval volunteers, was taken a prisoner of war. At the closure of the war, the school building was restored to the School Committee and the college was re-opened in November 1945. Noble convalesced in London and was temporarily substituted by the senior master Yung Kai-yin. When Noble resumed duty in 1946,
1071-491: The Kensiu language . Caine Road Caine Road is a road running through Mid-Levels , Hong Kong . It connects Bonham Road to the west (at the junction with Hospital Road and Seymour Road), and Arbuthnot Road , Glenealy and Upper Albert Road to the east. The road is named after William Caine , a Colonial Secretary , and an acting Governor of Hong Kong between May and September 1859. From 1862–1865 during
1134-640: The Shanghainese -language character U+20C8E 𠲎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-20C8E —a composition of 伐 with the ⼝ 'MOUTH' radical—used instead of the Standard Chinese 嗎 ; 吗 . Typefaces often use the initialism TC to signify the use of traditional Chinese characters, as well as SC for simplified Chinese characters . In addition, the Noto, Italy family of typefaces, for example, also provides separate fonts for
1197-609: The 193rd anniversary of the college was held. It was the biggest anniversary celebration activity held since 2003. On 23 November 2012, the Supervisor of the college confirmed that Cheng would become the Principal with effect from 1 January 2013, subject to final approval from the Education Bureau. On 9 November 2018, Hong Kong Post issued a Stamp Sheetlet to celebrate the "Bicentenary of Ying Wa College." It features
1260-634: The Anglo-Chinese College was established in 1818 in Malacca with Milne as the first headmaster. Even with Milne at its head, Morrison maintained a strong role in leading and fundraising for the school, and was a committed teacher. Apart from its work as a school, the college also trained evangelists and pastors. Amongst them, former student Rev. Hoh Fuk Tong ( 何福堂 ) was made pastor in 1846. He preached in Foshan and Canton to his fellow Chinese people. Liang Fa (also known as Leung Faat), who
1323-566: The Chair of Chinese Language and Literature at Oxford University. In 1938, Short resigned from Ying Wa College and took up the post of Secretary of the Biblical Society, South China. Noble resumed duty in 1946. Under his leadership, the school developed fast with an increasing number of students far exceeding the capacity of the school premises. Weathering numerous setbacks, the college was moved to Oxford Road, Kowloon Tong, in 1963. In
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#17327874105831386-760: The College motto "Live the Mission, Brave the Course". Didi Tang, in February 2021, stated that in light of the imposition of the Hong Kong National Security Law , Ying Wa "reportedly lost about 60 students in recent months." Kidd was appointed as the first professor of Chinese in England at University College in London in 1837. Being one of the most important nineteenth-century figures in
1449-463: The College. The house system was first introduced by Terence Iles during his headship in the 1960s. But it was later suspended and not until 1991 was it re-introduced by Yeung Po-kwan . The five houses, each with its own signature colour and mascot, commemorate five very important persons in the history of the school, namely Hoh Fuk Tong, Leung Faat, Milne, Morrison and Noble. The Houses, abbreviations, representative colours and mascots are as shown in
1512-464: The Government as the college site, the school authority started the construction of a new campus in 1B Oxford Road , Kowloon Tong . The construction work suffered repeated setbacks concerning its location, foundation and plan. It was only through the zealous efforts of Noble, who exhausted himself, and the magnanimity of the public, who made generous donations, that the project was realised in June 1962. In
1575-481: The London Missionary Society deemed that the college should focus more on the training of evangelists after the relocation, the college was renamed "The Theological Seminary of the London Missionary Society in China." When Legge returned to Britain in 1846, he brought with him three of his Chinese students. Legge and the students were received by Queen Victoria . Legge held his headship until he
1638-531: The Noble Hall), students would chant the cry continuously under the lead of one or more students, and the ceremony would end in a rumble of claps. Traditional Chinese characters Traditional Chinese characters are a standard set of Chinese character forms used to write Chinese languages . In Taiwan , the set of traditional characters is regulated by the Ministry of Education and standardized in
1701-555: The People's Republic of China, traditional Chinese characters are standardised according to the Table of Comparison between Standard, Traditional and Variant Chinese Characters . Dictionaries published in mainland China generally show both simplified and their traditional counterparts. There are differences between the accepted traditional forms in mainland China and elsewhere, for example the accepted traditional form of 产 in mainland China
1764-587: The United States during the second half of the 19th century, Chinese Americans have long used traditional characters. When not providing both, US public notices and signs in Chinese are generally written in traditional characters, more often than in simplified characters. In the past, traditional Chinese was most often encoded on computers using the Big5 standard, which favored traditional characters. However,
1827-726: The board of directors decided to join the Direct Subsidy Scheme (DSS) with effect from September 2007, making it the ninth school in Hong Kong to join the DSS. Roger Lee informed the students of his decision to leave the school in March 2011. Mr Allan Cheng, the Vice-Principal(Academic) and an old boy, served as the Acting Principal since September 2011. On 11 November 2011, a celebration fun day for
1890-638: The college for 30 years, retired in 1964 on account of his poor health. He returned to England soon after retirement and died in December 1964. He was remembered for his dedicated service and remarkable contributions which helped enhance the prestige of the school. The College Hall, for both the Oxford Road and later the Sham Shui Po campuses, known as the Noble Hall, was named after Mr Noble. On
1953-478: The college so that the training of the sons of church members might be carried on. In 1913, the London Missionary Society responded to the appeal of the To Tsai Church. Rev. Arnold Hughes was sent to Hong Kong to assume headship, and the college was re-opened as a middle school in 1914 in rented premises, first at 9 Caine Road , later at 45 Caine Road , and finally at 82 Bonham Road (a former property of
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2016-459: The college so well that it was restored to the Grant List . The extra funds thus gained made improvement in facilities possible. Rev. Frank Short continued in office until 1938 when he had to devote more time to the administrative work for the London Missionary Society . Herbert Noble, who taught in the college since 1933, succeeded Short. In December 1941, Hong Kong fell into the control of
2079-575: The competitive spirit within inter-house competitions, such as the Swimming Galas and the Athletic Meets. Speech Day and Open Day were first held during Iles's headship. The college newspaper, Torch , was first published in 1964, making it the earliest school publication in Hong Kong. School teams joined various Hong Kong inter-school activities and competitions. In 1968, the school established its first Chinese Society to remind students of
2142-476: The cultural exchange between China and the West, Legge was noted for his translations of The Four Books and Five Classics and many other volumes of Chinese classics, as well as his books on Chinese literature and religion. He also left his footprint in the promotion of Western education in Hong Kong by setting up the first government school of Hong Kong – The Central School. Legge resigned from Ying Wa College and returned to England in 1864. In 1875, Legge assumed
2205-683: The current song "Home of Our Youth". The current song is written by Rupert Baldwin in 1938; it is also a figuration of the College, a symbol of the brotherhood of the students. Home of our youth To thee we bring the homage of lives at the spring Training thy sons for the game of life Sending them forth to the age-long strife Ready thy name ever-bright to uphold Ready ’gainst evil, to fight and be bold May those who left thee in years that are past Guard well thy honour, to truth holding fast Home of our youth, To thee will we sing Long may thy name on our lips proudly ring The school hymn, "We build our School on Thee, O Lord" by Sebastian W. Meyer,
2268-645: The democratisation of school policies and established the Parent Teacher Association. In 2000, the board of directors put in an application to the government for the construction of a millennium campus (aka Y2K campus) on a plot of reclaimed land in West Kowloon. It also decided to re-establish the primary school division and consequently joined the Through-train scheme with effect from September 2003. The new campus at Ying Wa Street
2331-542: The enrolment had increased to such an extent that around 600 students crammed into the building originally designed for 350. The college premises in Bute Street , Mongkok proved to be too small to operate an ideal school. A project for building a new school was therefore contemplated and negotiations resulted in the selling of the existing land and building to the Mongkok Church. With a plot of land granted by
2394-644: The following year, Noble received an award of honour, O.B.E. (Order of the British Empire), from the Hong Kong Governor for his remarkable contributions to education in Hong Kong. After serving the college for 30 years, Noble retired in the summer of 1964 on account of his poor health. He returned to England soon after retirement and died December 1964. King joined the Hong Kong Examinations Authority after leaving
2457-556: The government who now wanted to auction them off. The School Committee requested to be allowed to buy the property but there aroused a dispute with the Rhenish Mission even though the rental had originally been undertaken with a view to protecting the property and preserving it for the German mission. The committee contemplated closing the school, but eventually, the dispute was resolved and the college continued its operation under
2520-672: The handball team won the Inter-school Handball Competition for the tenth consecutive year. The Ying Wa Heritage, a school museum, was established in 2005. Old artefacts and documents relating to the college were displayed, including a Bible published by the college back in the 19th century. Some of them were on display in an exhibition of the Hong Kong Museum of Education of the Hong Kong Institute of Education in 2012. In March 2007,
2583-536: The headship of Richard Shum. In 1927, the college decided to build its own campus. Shum succeeded in raising over six thousand dollars from the staff and students. Together with fourteen thousand dollars from the Provident Fund and a government subvention of twenty thousand dollars, the School Committee decided to construct the new school building on the site of Mongkok Church at Bute Street in Mongkok , with
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2646-532: The importance of learning traditional Chinese culture in "the reciprocal cultivation of English and Chinese literature and the diffusion of Christianity". In 1969, Iles admitted 15 girls to Form 6. This was controversial, but for some, a rather welcoming move. After 8 years of devoted service, Iles resigned in 1972 and was succeeded by Mr Rex King. In addition to improving the school facilities, he also attended to pupils' application, which resulted in marked progress in academic work. His efforts in promoting Putonghua
2709-479: The inset on the right. Upon entering the Ying Wa College, new students are divided into five houses. The five houses compete every year in culture, music and athletics with a prize. The house with the highest overall score is awarded a trophy. Through this system, the competition encourages student excitement, achievement, school mate camaraderie and greater enthusiasm and school spirit. In the past, student
2772-493: The inverse is equally true as well. In digital media, many cultural phenomena imported from Hong Kong and Taiwan into mainland China, such as music videos, karaoke videos, subtitled movies, and subtitled dramas, use traditional Chinese characters. In Hong Kong and Macau , traditional characters were retained during the colonial period, while the mainland adopted simplified characters. Simplified characters are contemporaneously used to accommodate immigrants and tourists, often from
2835-725: The mainland. The increasing use of simplified characters has led to concern among residents regarding protecting what they see as their local heritage. Taiwan has never adopted simplified characters. The use of simplified characters in government documents and educational settings is discouraged by the government of Taiwan. Nevertheless, with sufficient context simplified characters are likely to be successfully read by those used to traditional characters, especially given some previous exposure. Many simplified characters were previously variants that had long been in some use, with systematic stroke simplifications used in folk handwriting since antiquity. Traditional characters were recognized as
2898-682: The majority of Chinese text in mainland China are simplified characters , there is no legislation prohibiting the use of traditional Chinese characters, and often traditional Chinese characters remain in use for stylistic and commercial purposes, such as in shopfront displays and advertising. Traditional Chinese characters remain ubiquitous on buildings that predate the promulgation of the current simplification scheme, such as former government buildings, religious buildings, educational institutions, and historical monuments. Traditional Chinese characters continue to be used for ceremonial, cultural, scholarly/academic research, and artistic/decorative purposes. In
2961-983: The merging of previously distinct character forms. Many Chinese online newspapers allow users to switch between these character sets. Traditional characters are known by different names throughout the Chinese-speaking world. The government of Taiwan officially refers to traditional Chinese characters as 正體字 ; 正体字 ; zhèngtǐzì ; 'orthodox characters'. This term is also used outside Taiwan to distinguish standard characters, including both simplified, and traditional, from other variants and idiomatic characters . Users of traditional characters elsewhere, as well as those using simplified characters, call traditional characters 繁體字 ; 繁体字 ; fántǐzì ; 'complex characters', 老字 ; lǎozì ; 'old characters', or 全體字 ; 全体字 ; quántǐzì ; 'full characters' to distinguish them from simplified characters. Some argue that since traditional characters are often
3024-677: The official script in Singapore until 1969, when the government officially adopted Simplified characters. Traditional characters still are widely used in contexts such as in baby and corporation names, advertisements, decorations, official documents and in newspapers. The Chinese Filipino community continues to be one of the most conservative in Southeast Asia regarding simplification. Although major public universities teach in simplified characters, many well-established Chinese schools still use traditional characters. Publications such as
3087-700: The original standard forms, they should not be called 'complex'. Conversely, there is a common objection to the description of traditional characters as 'standard', due to them not being used by a large population of Chinese speakers. Additionally, as the process of Chinese character creation often made many characters more elaborate over time, there is sometimes a hesitation to characterize them as 'traditional'. Some people refer to traditional characters as 'proper characters' ( 正字 ; zhèngzì or 正寫 ; zhèngxiě ) and to simplified characters as 簡筆字 ; 简笔字 ; jiǎnbǐzì ; 'simplified-stroke characters' or 減筆字 ; 减笔字 ; jiǎnbǐzì ; 'reduced-stroke characters', as
3150-455: The other hand, Ying Wa Primary School was forced to close down due to lack of space of the new campus. It was not until 40 years later that the primary school division was re-established. The London Missionary Society , the then sponsoring body of the college, merged with other missionaries to form the Council for World Mission . The sponsorship of the college was subsequently handed over to
3213-563: The same year, Mr Daniel P. K. Au officiated at the foundation ceremony. The new campus was opened by Sir Robert Black , the Governor of Hong Kong , in October 1963. The Oxford Road campus was situated in a tranquil neighbourhood with adequate facilities. It was also a highly regarded school zone with some of the top schools in Hong Kong situated there. The college has reached its first climax during this period. But Herbert Noble, after serving
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#17327874105833276-636: The traditional character set used in Taiwan ( TC ) and the set used in Hong Kong ( HK ). Most Chinese-language webpages now use Unicode for their text. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommends the use of the language tag zh-Hant to specify webpage content written with traditional characters. In the Japanese writing system , kyujitai are traditional forms, which were simplified to create shinjitai for standardized Japanese use following World War II. Kyūjitai are mostly congruent with
3339-819: The traditional characters in Chinese, save for minor stylistic variation. Characters that are not included in the jōyō kanji list are generally recommended to be printed in their traditional forms, with a few exceptions. Additionally, there are kokuji , which are kanji wholly created in Japan, rather than originally being borrowed from China. In the Korean writing system , hanja —replaced almost entirely by hangul in South Korea and totally replaced in North Korea —are mostly identical with their traditional counterparts, save minor stylistic variations. As with Japanese, there are autochthonous hanja, known as gukja . Traditional Chinese characters are also used by non-Chinese ethnic groups. The Maniq people living in Thailand and Malaysia use Chinese characters to write
3402-412: The ubiquitous Unicode standard gives equal weight to simplified and traditional Chinese characters, and has become by far the most popular encoding for Chinese-language text. There are various input method editors (IMEs) available for the input of Chinese characters . Many characters, often dialectical variants, are encoded in Unicode but cannot be inputted using certain IMEs, with one example being
3465-461: The understanding that the college was to share its new hall with Mongkok Church. The government withdrew its financial aid when construction work was underway and the college was completed in September 1928 with the aid of some loans. In 1930, Shum resigned and the London Missionary Society agreed to urgent appeals from the School Committee that Rev. Frank Short should be allowed to serve the college as Headmaster. Rev. Short administered and developed
3528-418: The words for simplified and reduced are homophonous in Standard Chinese , both pronounced as jiǎn . The modern shapes of traditional Chinese characters first appeared with the emergence of the clerical script during the Han dynasty c. 200 BCE , with the sets of forms and norms more or less stable since the Southern and Northern dynasties period c. the 5th century . Although
3591-457: Was a craftsman in the printing centre of the college, also heeded the call to preach Gospel. A printing press was set up within the school premises to publish the Chinese Bible and other Chinese Christian tracts and publications, well before China was opened by the Opium Wars. In 1853, the first Chinese newspaper, Chinese Serial , was published by the college's printing press. In 1840, James Legge became headmaster. Two years later, Hong Kong
3654-475: Was appointed by the Hong Kong Government in 1864 to help prepare for the opening of Queen's College . Due to the lack of a successor as well as political instability, the college ceased to operate at the end of 1856 and teaching ended in 1858. But the printing press continued its work until 1870 when it was sold to Wang Tao and Wong Shing . In 1911, the elders of the To Tsai Church together with Rev. Cheung Chuk Ling, Rev. W. T. Pearce and Rev. H. R. Wells revived
3717-411: Was ceded to the United Kingdom under the Treaty of Nanking . The London Missionary Society thus decided to move the college to Hong Kong in 1843. The school building was situated at the junction of Staunton Street and Aberdeen Street . At that time, Christian churches had not yet been officially established. Thus the college was used as a religious centre where Christians assembled to worship. Since
3780-399: Was divided into houses according to their classes during secondary 1, i.e. students of the same class belonged to the same house. This policy has changed in recent years, where now there are members of the five houses in one class in secondary 1. There are at least two school songs created since the establishment of Ying Wa College. The Ying Wa College Song (The British Grenadiers)(c.1914) and
3843-405: Was officially opened in July 2003. The Primary School also had its first intake in September 2003. The relocation of the college was wildly debated within the school. Some feared that by withdrawing from the Kowloon Tong school zone, the standard of the college would be lowered. Others deemed that the Sham Shui Po District was far too distracting for the school to be set up there. But so far, it
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#17327874105833906-419: Was pioneering. During his headship, the number of classes rose to 31 while the number of students reached around 1200. When King resigned in 1978, Mr Mui Ho-bun replaced him as headmaster. 12 years later, Mui retired in 1990. An old boy and former member of the Legislative Council , Mr. Yeung Po-kwan , took over the reins. Yeung reintroduced the house system that was suspended for decades in 1991. He promoted
3969-442: Was proven that the new campus provided students with more space to engage in activities. Students also organised service projects to serve the neighbourhood, which was regarded as the poorest in Hong Kong. Yeung stepped down in 2003 and was succeeded by Mr Roger Lee, an old boy of class 1979. Students were encouraged to join various kinds of activities and competitions and has won a lot of inter-school sports and music awards. In 2004,
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