180-579: Yuna Kim ( Korean : 김연아 ; born September 5, 1990), also credited in eastern name order as Kim Yuna or Kim Yeon-a , is a South Korean figure skater . Known for her well-rounded skills, achievements, popularity, and impact on the sport, she is one of the most highly recognized athletes in South Korea and regarded as one of the greatest figure skaters in history, being commonly referred to as "Queen Yuna". Kim started skating at five years old and competed in women's singles from 2001 to 2014. She
360-552: A system of speech levels and honorifics indicative of the formality of any given situation. Modern Korean is written in the Korean script ( 한글 ; Hangeul in South Korea, 조선글 ; Chosŏn'gŭl in North Korea), a system developed during the 15th century for that purpose, although it did not become the primary script until the 20th century. The script uses 24 basic letters ( jamo ) and 27 complex letters formed from
540-403: A "beautiful" triple flip-triple toe loop combination jump at the start of her short program, flubbed her planned triple Lutz, and then successfully completed a double Axel. She later admitted that the timing on her Lutz "wasn't so great", but she was satisfied with her other elements and said that since last season, she had learned to recover from her errors. Kim opened her free skating program with
720-484: A Korean influence on Khitan. The hypothesis that Korean could be related to Japanese has had some supporters due to some overlap in vocabulary and similar grammatical features that have been elaborated upon by such researchers as Samuel E. Martin and Roy Andrew Miller . Sergei Starostin (1991) found about 25% of potential cognates in the Japanese–Korean 100-word Swadesh list . Some linguists concerned with
900-428: A Korean neighborhood. At first, Orser was reluctant to agree to train her, but he identified with her competitive spirit and felt he could not turn down the challenge. According to International Figure Skating , Kim's move was controversial and her former coach publicly criticized it. Orser reported that one of his goals as her coach was to make her laugh and that he was instructed by Korean skating officials to "make Kim
1080-474: A Korean skater had repeated as a medalist at the World Championships. Kim was assigned to the 2008 Skate America and the 2008 Cup of China for the 2008–09 Grand Prix season. The week before competing at Skate America, Kim was accepted into Korea University . Going into Skate America, she said that she felt healthy; according to figure skater reporter Lynn Rutherford, she showed no signs of
1260-441: A big smile" and her straight line footwork sequence was "light and lyrical". Kim also fell on both of her triple Lutz jumps and she performed a triple Salchow -double toe loop combination which received no credit because the judges considered it as a fourth combination jump. She finished fourth in the segment, with 114.19 points, and third overall, with a total of 186.14 points. Despite her mistakes, Kim later said that she had learned
1440-548: A coach and no plans to hire one. By the fall of 2010, she began training in Artesia, California , at the East West Ice Palace, a rink owned and operated by Michelle Kwan's family. In October, after her camp asked Wilson to coach her, an offer he refused, she hired Peter Oppegard and continued to work with Wilson as her choreographer. Kim was assigned to the 2010 Cup of China and to the 2010 Cup of Russia for
1620-480: A core vowel. The IPA symbol ⟨ ◌͈ ⟩ ( U+0348 ◌͈ COMBINING DOUBLE VERTICAL LINE BELOW ) is used to denote the tensed consonants /p͈/, /t͈/, /k͈/, /t͡ɕ͈/, /s͈/ . Its official use in the extensions to the IPA is for "strong" articulation, but is used in the literature for faucalized voice . The Korean consonants also have elements of stiff voice , but it is not yet known how typical this
1800-428: A double Axel coming out of an Ina Bauer, although she singled her first Axel, turned her two planned double toe loops into single jumps, and fell during her triple Salchow-double toe combination jump. Kany stated, however, that although she appeared tired towards the end, the rest of her program was "solid". With the technical qualifications met, Kim's agency said she would focus on the 2013 South Korean Championships and
1980-598: A double toe jump to the end of her second triple Lutz. Kim returned to Toronto to rest and to further improve her programs; she later admitted that she was "quite exhausted" after the Cup of China. With the highest qualifying score, Kim qualified for the 2008 Grand Prix Final , which was held in Goyang , the first time the event was held in South Korea. She arrived in Goyang feeling a great deal of pressure, but told reporters that she
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#17327979273532160-463: A few extinct relatives which—along with the Jeju language (Jejuan) of Jeju Island and Korean itself—form the compact Koreanic language family . Even so, Jejuan and Korean are not mutually intelligible . The linguistic homeland of Korean is suggested to be somewhere in contemporary Manchuria . The hierarchy of the society from which the language originates deeply influences the language, leading to
2340-460: A figure skater. She also named American figure skaters Michelle Kwan and Sasha Cohen as well as Brian Joubert , Stéphane Lambiel , and Tomáš Verner as her influences. Kim began skating at the age of five at a local rink with her sister. Former ice dancer Ryu Jong-hyun coached Kim between the ages of seven and ten, and former single skater Shin Hea-sook , who competed for South Korea at
2520-746: A great deal from her fellow skaters and during her first season as a senior skater. She said, after winning the gold medal at the 2009 World Championships , that even though she did her personal best in the short program in 2007, she did not do as well in the free skate. At the beginning of the 2007–08 season , Orser created a team of specialists to work with Kim, including three-time Dutch national champion Astrid Jansen , who became her spin coach, and former Canadian ice dancer Tracy Wilson , who helped Kim develop her all-around skating quality, her stroking skills, and her expression. David Wilson also became Kim's full-time choreographer. Her team focused on her triple loop jump, which Orser called her "nemesis jump". Orser
2700-435: A happier skater". She was Orser's first real student. Kim made her senior international debut and Orser made his coaching debut at the 2006 Skate Canada International , where she became the first Korean skater to place at a senior Grand Prix event by winning a bronze medal, placing first in the short program and fourth in the free skate, with a total overall score of 168.48 points. At the 2006 Trophée Éric Bompard , Kim became
2880-505: A loss of points were more common. The addition of the Ina Bauer also increased her component scores. Kang Seung-woo of The Korea Times stated, "She performed a remarkably charismatic dance, demonstrating flexibility and powerful energy before an awestruck crowd". The Associated Press (AP) reported that Kim's footwork was "exquisite" and that she "skated with the elegance of a queen". The audience began their standing ovation for Kim before
3060-469: A medal in every competition she had entered since the Junior Grand Prix in 2015. Kim said she might miss the next Grand Prix series due to her work promoting South Korea's successful bid for the 2018 Winter Olympics . On October 18, 2011, she officially announced she would be sitting out the entire 2011–12 season , the first time in her junior and senior careers. She later said that she took
3240-601: A period when she had to rest for a month after a pelvic-muscle injury. In 2002, Kim competed internationally for the first time at the Triglav Trophy in Slovenia, where she completed five triple jumps and won the gold medal in the novice competition, the first international victory for a Korean woman. A year later, at age 12, she won the senior title at the South Korean Championships , becoming
3420-574: A possible relationship.) Hudson & Robbeets (2020) suggested that there are traces of a pre- Nivkh substratum in Korean. According to the hypothesis, ancestral varieties of Nivkh (also known as Amuric ) were once distributed on the Korean Peninsula before the arrival of Koreanic speakers. Korean syllable structure is (C)(G)V(C), consisting of an optional onset consonant, glide /j, w, ɰ/ and final coda /p, t, k, m, n, ŋ, l/ surrounding
3600-464: A prima ballerina". Kim was assigned to the 2009 Trophée Éric Bompard and the 2009 Skate America for the 2009–10 ISU Grand Prix season. At the Trophée Éric Bompard, she placed first in the short program with a score of 76.08 points. After her performance, she pumped her fists and waved to the audience. She won the event with 210.03 points. Kim broke her own world records for both the free skate and
3780-579: A score of 72.27 points and also won the free skate with 129.34 points to claim the gold medal. Klaus-Reinhold Kany of Ice Network pointed out that because the NRW Trophy was a minor international competition, the ISU did not include Kim's short program score in its list of the season's best rankings, even though her score was the highest recorded that season. She needed to earn 48 points in her technical element scores during her free skate in order to qualify for
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#17327979273533960-469: A strong triple flip-triple toe loop combination, which she followed up with a double Axel-triple toe loop combination. She flubbed her planned triple Lutz and fell on her triple Salchow, but was able to land her double Axel at the end of the program. She later complained of suffering from a cold and although she enjoyed skating in Korea, she spoke of feeling the pressure of competing there. Kim then competed at
4140-603: A successful professional skating career, producing and appearing in several ice shows like All That Skate . Due to her sponsorships, Kim was one of highest-paid athletes in South Korea, well into her retirement. She was included in the Time magazine's annual list of the World's 100 Most Influential People in 2010 and in several Forbes lists. Kim was born on September 5, 1990, in Gyeonggi Province , South Korea, in
4320-516: A total contribution to the BC economy of $ 2.3 billion of Gross Domestic Product, and as well creating 45,000 jobs and contributing an additional $ 463 million to the tourism industry while venue construction by VANOC and 3rd parties added $ 1.22 billion to the economy, far short of the $ 10 billion forecast by Premier Gordon Campbell . The study also said that hosting the Olympics was one of many reasons why
4500-407: A tradition followed by other recent Games host cities, were canceled for several reasons. Anti-Games activists repeatedly vandalized the existing 2010 Olympics monuments such as the countdown clock, forcing the city to install CCTV cameras, and adding more Games decorations would have inevitably required more security presence to deter protesters, so VANOC opted to minimize these symbols to avoid making
4680-418: A triple Lutz-triple toe loop combination jump, a triple flip, which was downgraded due to her take-off on the wrong edge of her skate, and a double Axel. She successfully executed a triple Lutz-triple toe loop combination jump and a double Axel coming out of an Ina Bauer. According to The Korea Herald , she also "performed flawless spins and step sequences the rest of the way". She later told reporters that she
4860-412: A triple flip, and a double Axel. Kim scored 78.50 points. Kim accomplished her best score in the short program, breaking her own world record by over two points. She later told reporters that she felt no pressure going into the free skate. On February 25, Kim won the free skate, which Agence France-Presse called "a stunning performance" and "spellbinding", with 150.06 points, setting a new world record for
5040-708: A week-long Anti-Olympic Convergence, protesters smashed windows of the Downtown Vancouver location of The Hudson's Bay department store . Protesters later argued that the Hudson's Bay Company , "has been a symbol of colonial oppression for centuries" as well as a major sponsor of the 2010 Olympics. Some of the issues reflected in the opposition continue the themes identified in opposition to all Olympic games, some of which are outlined in anti-Olympics activist and Professor of Sociology Helen Jefferson Lenskyj's books Olympic Industry Resistance (2007) and Inside
5220-416: Is a map of the participating nations and a list of the nations with the number of competitors indicated in brackets. 2,626 athletes from 82 NOCs participated in the 2010 Winter Olympics. The 2010 Winter Olympics featured 86 events over 15 disciplines in 7 sports. Numbers in parentheses indicate the number of medal events contested in each separate discipline. The opening and closing ceremonies and
5400-656: Is an agglutinative language . The Korean language is traditionally considered to have nine parts of speech . Modifiers generally precede the modified words, and in the case of verb modifiers, can be serially appended. The sentence structure or basic form of a Korean sentence is subject–object–verb (SOV), but the verb is the only required and immovable element and word order is highly flexible, as in many other agglutinative languages. Question 가게에 gage-e store- LOC 가셨어요? ga-syeo-sseo-yo go- HON . PAST - CONJ - POL 가게에 가셨어요? gage-e ga-syeo-sseo-yo store-LOC go-HON.PAST-CONJ-POL 'Did [you] go to
5580-511: Is closer to a near-open central vowel ( [ɐ] ), though ⟨a⟩ is still used for tradition. Grammatical morphemes may change shape depending on the preceding sounds. Examples include -eun/-neun ( -은/-는 ) and -i/-ga ( -이/-가 ). Sometimes sounds may be inserted instead. Examples include -eul/-reul ( -을/-를 ), -euro/-ro ( -으로/-로 ), -eseo/-seo ( -에서/-서 ), -ideunji/-deunji ( -이든지/-든지 ) and -iya/-ya ( -이야/-야 ). Some verbs may also change shape morphophonemically. Korean
Yuna Kim - Misplaced Pages Continue
5760-521: Is highlighted. Host country (Canada) To sort this table by nation, total medal count, or any other column, click on the [REDACTED] icon next to the column title. Some in the foreign press, including London 2012 organizers, had criticized the lack of city decorations to acknowledge that Vancouver was the host of the Games. The original plans to decorate the city in Olympic colours,
5940-399: Is mainly reserved for specific circumstances such as newspapers, scholarly papers and disambiguation. Today Hanja is largely unused in everyday life but is still important for historical and linguistic studies. The Korean names for the language are based on the names for Korea used in both South Korea and North Korea. The English word "Korean" is derived from Goryeo , which is thought to be
6120-399: Is of faucalized consonants. They are produced with a partially constricted glottis and additional subglottal pressure in addition to tense vocal tract walls, laryngeal lowering, or other expansion of the larynx. /s/ is aspirated [sʰ] and becomes an alveolo-palatal [ɕʰ] before [j] or [i] for most speakers (but see North–South differences in the Korean language ). This occurs with
6300-432: Is the 2010 Olympic champion, the 2014 Olympic silver medalist, a two-time World champion ( 2009 , 2013 ) the 2009 Four Continents champion, a three-time Grand Prix Final champion ( 2006 , 2007 , 2009 ), the 2006 World Junior champion, the 2005 Junior Grand Prix Final champion, and a six-time South Korean national champion (2003–2006, 2013, 2014). Kim never left the podium in her competitive career, becoming
6480-581: Is the national language of both North Korea and South Korea . Beyond Korea, the language is recognized as a minority language in parts of China , namely Jilin , and specifically Yanbian Prefecture , and Changbai County . It is also spoken by Sakhalin Koreans in parts of Sakhalin , the Russian island just north of Japan, and by the Koryo-saram in parts of Central Asia . The language has
6660-677: Is the transfer of the Olympic flame from Ancient Olympia, Greece — where the first Olympic Games were held thousands of years ago — to the stadium of the city hosting the current Olympic Games. The flame arrives just in time for the Opening Ceremony . For the Vancouver 2010 Olympic Winter Games, the flame was lit in Olympia on October 22, 2009. It then traveled from Greece , over the North Pole to Canada's High Arctic and on to
6840-747: Is well attested in Western Old Japanese and Northern Ryukyuan languages , in Eastern Old Japanese it only occurs in compounds, and it is only present in three dialects of the Southern Ryukyuan language group . Also, the doublet wo meaning "hemp" is attested in Western Old Japanese and Southern Ryukyuan languages. It is thus plausible to assume a borrowed term. (See Classification of the Japonic languages or Comparison of Japanese and Korean for further details on
7020-602: The 1980 Winter Olympics , guided her between 10 and 12 years old. Kim later said that Ryu and Shin both helped her, from the start of her skating career, to become who she was both technically and spiritually. Ryu suggested to Kim's mother, who noticed early on that there was something special about her daughter's skating, that Kim may receive formal training in figure skating. In an interview from 2011, she gave credit to her coaches for noticing and developing her aptitude for skating, who also told her that "her muscles and body structure are perfect for skating". Kim herself added, "I
7200-401: The 2004–05 Junior Grand Prix Final , where she won the silver medal with an overall score of 137.75 points. It was the first time that a Korean skater had won a medal at the event. At the 2005 South Korean Championships , she won her third consecutive gold medal. In her free skate, she successfully executed a combination of two triple jumps for the first time but fell on her triple Lutz . She
7380-476: The 2006 South Korean Championships , Kim finished in first place with an overall score of 165.52 points. At the 2006 World Junior Championships , she was the first Korean skater to win the gold medal, scoring 177.54 points overall. Overcoming a ligament injury in her right ankle, Kim finished in first place after the short program with 60.86 points. Kim captivated the audience and won the free skate, with 116.68 points and an overall score of 177.54 points overall. She
Yuna Kim - Misplaced Pages Continue
7560-732: The 2007 South Korean Championships , because she was diagnosed in January 2007 with the early stages of lumbar disc herniation , involving the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae in her waist. According to her doctor, the vertebrae pushed back and touched her nerve and the disc between her first coccyx and fifth lumbar vertebrae, which was swollen and ready to develop into a hernia. He also said that two-to-four weeks of physical therapy would successfully treat it. She began treatment, which focused on reinforcing her waist muscles and maintaining her body balance, in Seoul immediately after her diagnosis. She
7740-453: The 2007–08 Grand Prix Final in Turin, Italy ; she and Mao Asada had both earned the maximum 30 points to advance. She won the short program with 64.62 points, a season's best score. Skating last, she "performed nearly perfect, except the failure of her starting jump". She lost her balance during the first jump of her triple flip-triple toe loop combination, forcing her to touch both her hands on
7920-579: The 2009 Four Continents Championships in Vancouver, Canada . She set a new world record of 72.24 points in the short program with a clean performance. Asada finished a "shocking" sixth place after the short program. Opening with a "beautiful" triple flip-triple toe loop combination jump, Kim was the only one of the top six women in the competition to get credit for a triple-triple combination. According to Laurie Nealin of IceNetwork , "Kim skated without evident flaw, sailing through jump after jump and igniting
8100-565: The 2010–11 ISU Grand Prix season. However, she chose not to compete in the Grand Prix series to focus on the 2011 World Championships in Moscow , her only competition of the season and her first competition in over a year. American coach Frank Carroll , while recognizing the difficulty of competing after such a long period, stated that she had "the guts and the strength of character to do it". She told CNN that her focus, instead of being on
8280-525: The 2013 World Championships . Kim also told reporters that she was enjoying her reunion with Shin and Ryu, and that she had missed training at home in Korea. Kim was a strong favourite to win the South Korean Championships. She skated a clean short program, placing first with a score of 64.97. She also won the free skate with a score of 145.80 points and 210.77 points overall. She won her fifth national title and qualified to compete in
8460-684: The Integrated Security Unit , of which the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) was the lead agency; other government agencies such as the Vancouver Police Department , Canada Border Services Agency , Canadian Forces , and police agencies across Canada . The Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) also played a role. That number was later revealed to be in the region of C$ 1 billion, an amount in excess of five times what
8640-524: The Korean dialects , which are still largely mutually intelligible . The Chinese language , written with Chinese characters and read with Sino-Xenic pronunciations , was first introduced to Korea in the 1st century BC, and remained the medium of formal writing and government until the late 19th century. Korean scholars adapted Chinese characters (known in Korean as Hanja ) to write their own language, creating scripts known as idu , hyangchal , gugyeol , and gakpil. These systems were cumbersome, due to
8820-617: The Olympic flag during the closing ceremony of the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin , Italy. The flag was raised in a special ceremony on February 28, 2006, and was on display at Vancouver City Hall until the Vancouver opening ceremony . The event was officially opened by Governor General Michaëlle Jean , accompanied by the Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper and International Olympic Committee (IOC) president Jacques Rogge . Vancouver 2010
9000-517: The Olympic torch relay and participated in the 2005–06 Junior Grand Prix , winning both of her competitions in Slovakia and Bulgaria. At the 2005 JGP Slovakia , she finished in first place with 168.83 points overall. At the 2005 JGP Bulgaria , despite a great deal of pain caused by the new skates that she had purchased shortly before the competition, she finished in first place after the short program with 53.45 points. She also came in first place in
9180-568: The Three Kingdoms of Korea (not the ancient confederacies in the southern Korean Peninsula), while " -eo " and " -mal " mean "language" and "speech", respectively. Korean is also simply referred to as guk-eo , literally "national language". This name is based on the same Han characters ( 國語 "nation" + "language") that are also used in Taiwan and Japan to refer to their respective national languages. In North Korea and China ,
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#17327979273539360-605: The Vancouver Organizing Committee (VANOC), headed by John Furlong . The 2010 Winter Games were the third Olympics to be hosted by Canada, and the first to be held within the province of British Columbia. Canada had hosted the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal , Quebec, and the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary , Alberta. Following Olympic tradition, incumbent Vancouver mayor Sam Sullivan received
9540-720: The Whistler Blackcomb ski resort, the Whistler Olympic Park , the Whistler Celebration Plaza and the Whistler Sliding Centre . The 2010 Winter Games marked the first time that the energy consumption of the Olympic venues was tracked in real time and made available to the public. Energy data was collected from the metering and building automation systems of nine of the Olympic venues and was displayed online through
9720-647: The World Championships and the Four Continents Championships , although a hip injury and chronic hip pain prevented her from competing at Four Continents. Even though she had to take pain killers, Kim competed at the World Championships in Gothenburg, Sweden . She was placed fifth in the short program with 59.85 points, but rebounded in the free skate to win the program with 123.38. Despite seriously considering dropping out of
9900-559: The free skating segment and 200 points in the combined total score. Kim is noted for her rivalry with three-time World champion Mao Asada from Japan, who headlined women's skating for two Olympic cycles until the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi . After her retirement from competitive figure skating in 2014, Kim was instrumental in the successful bid to bring the 2018 Winter Olympics to her home country in Pyeongchang . She also had
10080-445: The ice resurfacers supplied by Olympia, an official sponsor of the Games. Thousands of tickets were voided by organizers when weather conditions made standing-room-only areas unsafe. Visitors were also upset that, as in past Olympics, medal ceremonies required separate admission and blocks of VIP tickets reserved for sponsors and dignitaries were unused at events. Other glitches and complaints have included confusion by officials at
10260-472: The ongoing recession , and NBC projected a financial loss upwards of $ 250 million on the Games. Due to the growth of social media , NBC faced particular criticism for its traditional practice of tape delaying network coverage of the Olympics for the west coast—a practice that was made more egregious by the fact that these Games took place at sites within the Pacific Time Zone . In April 2010,
10440-404: The women's event at the 2010 Winter Olympics , where she won Olympic gold. In March 2010, Kim competed at the 2010 World Championships in Turin, Italy . Kim said she had struggled with finding the motivation to compete at the World Championships after winning the gold medal at the Olympics. Kim placed seventh in the short program with 60.30 points, the third-worst lowest score of her career and
10620-968: The 16th century for all Korean classes, including uneducated peasants and slaves. By the 17th century, the yangban had exchanged Hangul letters with slaves, which suggests a high literacy rate of Hangul during the Joseon era. In the context of growing Korean nationalism in the 19th century, the Gabo Reform of 1894 abolished the Confucian examinations and decreed that government documents would be issued in Hangul instead of literary Chinese. Some newspapers were published entirely in Hangul, but other publications used Korean mixed script , with Hanja for Sino-Korean vocabulary and Hangul for other elements. North Korea abolished Hanja in writing in 1949, but continues to teach them in schools. Their usage in South Korea
10800-623: The 2006–07 season, Kim began training with Brian Orser at the Toronto Cricket, Skating and Curling Club during the summer of 2006 after working there with choreographer David Wilson . According to International Figure Skating , she had lost her confidence and was ready to quit the sport due to her recurring knee injuries and boot problems, so her coach suggested that she train in Toronto. After three months, she decided to make Toronto her permanent base of training, living with her mother in
10980-466: The 2010 Games. A request to appeal that verdict to the Supreme Court of Canada was subsequently denied on December 22 – a decision that marked the end of any hopes that the event would be held during Vancouver 2010. To alleviate the exclusion, VANOC organizers invited women from all over Canada to participate at Whistler Olympic Park, including Continental Cup in January 2009. Women's ski jumping
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#173279792735311160-591: The 2013 World Championships, which she easily did. She had applied to compete at the Golden Spin of Zagreb , in case she did not earn enough points, but withdrew her application after the NRW Trophy. Kim later admitted that she felt nervous during the warm-up before her free skate, but she kept her nerves under control and considered skating at a minor competition a positive experience. She also stated that she concentrated on her elements, but intended to improve upon her free skate's choreography and emotional aspect and
11340-552: The Games as a strong favourite to win the gold. The New York Times reported on the great amount of pressure Kim felt going into the Olympics, but told the newspaper that she was "prepared for anything". Kim chose to stay at an inexpensive hotel instead of at the Olympic Village ; her mother, Orser, and David Wilson also stayed in the same hotel. In the short program, Kim executed a triple Lutz-triple toe loop combination jump, which reporter Philip Hersh called "stratospheric",
11520-750: The IOC bidding rules were tightened, and more focused on technical aspects of candidate cities. The team analyzed the candidate city features and provided its input back to the IOC. Vancouver won the bid to host the Olympics by a vote of the International Olympic Committee on July 2, 2003, at the 115th IOC Session held in Prague , Czech Republic. The result was announced by IOC President Jacques Rogge . Vancouver faced two other finalists shortlisted that same February: Pyeongchang , South Korea, and Salzburg , Austria. Pyeongchang, which later won
11700-539: The NHL's Vancouver Canucks , which was temporarily renamed Canada Hockey Place for the duration of the Olympics. Utilizing this existing venue instead of building a new international-sized ice rink facility saved C$ 10 million in construction costs and allowed an additional 35,000 spectators to attend Olympic hockey games. However, some European countries expressed concern over this decision, worried that it might give North American players an advantage since they grew up playing on
11880-475: The No. 1 contributor to Kim's phenomenal success", took an active role in her daughter's skating career from the beginning, driving her to the ice rink each day, attending all of her practices, and acting as her coach, manager, spokesperson, and mentor. She played English cassette tapes in the car to help Kim improve her English skills. Kim's family often struggled to fund her skating expenses; when her father's business
12060-579: The Olympic Committee, more than double the viewership of the preceding Turin 2006 games and triple the available coverage of Salt Lake City 2002, and is "recognized in numerous post Games reports as being among the most widely viewed and well received Games in Olympic history, both in Canada and internationally." Vancouver 2010's gold medal final between Canada and USA "was the most watched hockey game ever with viewership of 114 million viewers around
12240-493: The Olympics and after a long break was difficult, but that she felt less pressure because she was not as desperate to win. She told reporters that she had no regrets for taking so much time off from competitive skating and although she recognized she had her work cut out for her, she considered Sochi an opportunity to start over. She also told reporters that she found inspiration from younger Korean skaters while training at home during her break. Despite her past successes, however, Kim
12420-537: The Venue Energy Tracker project. The Olympic Games in Vancouver were broadcast worldwide by a number of television broadcasters. As rights for the 2010 Games have been packaged with those for the 2012 Summer Olympics , broadcasters were largely identical for both events. The host broadcaster was Olympic Broadcasting Services Vancouver, a subsidiary of the IOC's new in-house broadcasting unit Olympic Broadcasting Services (OBS). The 2010 Olympics marked
12600-527: The Virgin Islands which were at the 2006 Games, did not participate in 2010. Tonga sought to make its Winter Olympic debut by entering a single competitor in luge, attracting some media attention, but he crashed in the final round of qualifying. Luxembourg qualified two athletes but did not participate because one did not reach the criteria set by the NOC and the other was injured before the Games. Below
12780-797: The West Coast and Vancouver. The relay started its long Canada journey from the British Columbia capital of Victoria . In Canada, the torch traveled approximately 45,000 kilometres (28,000 mi) over 106 days, making it the longest relay route within one country in Olympic history. The Olympic Torch was carried by approximately 12,000 Canadians and reached over 1,000 communities. Celebrity torchbearers included Arnold Schwarzenegger , Steve Nash , Matt Lauer , Justin Morneau , Michael Bublé , Bob Costas , Shania Twain , and hockey greats including Sidney Crosby , Wayne Gretzky , and
12960-741: The Winter Games (37), a record held until then by Germany in 2002 (36). Athletes from Slovakia and Belarus won the first Winter Olympic gold medals for their nations. The concept of a bid by Vancouver to host the Winter Olympic Games first appeared at the 1960 Games in Squaw Valley , where the Canadian representative of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) Sidney Dawes discusses
13140-581: The Winter Olympics. For the 2010 Games, the Canadian Olympic Association chose Vancouver as the Canadian candidate city over Calgary, which sought to re-host the Games, and Quebec City , which had lost the 2002 Olympic bid in 1995. On the first round of voting on November 21, 1998, Vancouver-Whistler had 26 votes, Quebec City had 25 and Calgary had 21. On December 3, 1998, the second and final round of voting occurred between
13320-419: The World Championships. Koh Dong-wook of Yonhap News Agency, who called Kim's free skate a "flawless performance", reported that even though she felt nervous going into the free skate because of a fall during practice, she completed her program with no errors. At the 2013 World Championships and looking to win her second World title, Kim placed first in the short program with a score of 69.97 points. She completed
13500-403: The ad revenue generated from an AP-produced multi-media package of video, photos, statistics, stories and a daily Webcast. AP's coverage included a microsite with web widgets facilitating integration with social networking and bookmarking services . In France, the Games were covered by France Télévisions , which included continuous live coverage on its website. The Olympic Torch Relay
13680-474: The audience during her short program. Kim won the free skate, and set a new world record total score of 207.71, winning her first World Championship title, as well as becoming the first female skater to surpass 200 points under the ISU Judging System. Her win also established her as a contender for the 2010 Winter Olympics . Juliet Macur of The New York Times stated about Kim's free skate, "For
13860-519: The audience". She scored 116.83 in the free skating program, keeping the lead with 189.07 points overall and winning the gold medal. Kang Seung-woo from The Korea Times stated that Kim's success "brightened prospects for a first figure skating medal for the Far East nation in the Winter Games". Kim was happy with her free skating performance, despite falling after her triple loop jump, a jump she had not been able to successfully accomplish all season. She
14040-469: The basic ones. When first recorded in historical texts, Korean was only a spoken language . Since the turn of the 21st century, aspects of Korean culture have spread to other countries through globalization and cultural exports . As such, interest in Korean language acquisition (as a foreign language ) is also generated by longstanding alliances, military involvement, and diplomacy, such as between South Korea–United States and China–North Korea since
14220-455: The beginnings of words. /l/ becomes alveolar flap [ɾ] between vowels, and [l] or [ɭ] at the end of a syllable or next to another /l/ . A written syllable-final ' ㄹ ', when followed by a vowel or a glide ( i.e. , when the next character starts with ' ㅇ '), migrates to the next syllable and thus becomes [ɾ] . Traditionally, /l/ was disallowed at the beginning of a word. It disappeared before [j] , and otherwise became /n/ . However,
14400-582: The break due to the high expectations and pressure she felt going into the Vancouver Olympics. In July 2012, Kim announced her intention to skate competitively in the 2012–13 season , with the ultimate goal of skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia . She later told Nancy Armour of the Associated Press that she was "determined not to be suffocated by the pressure again". She said that returning to competition after winning
14580-645: The captains of the two Vancouver Canucks teams that went to the Stanley Cup Finals : Trevor Linden ( 1994 ) and Stan Smyl ( 1982 ). 82 National Olympic Committees (NOC) entered teams in the 2010 Winter Olympics. Cayman Islands, Colombia, Ghana, Montenegro, Pakistan, Peru and Serbia made their winter Olympic debuts. Morocco returned to the Winter games after a 18-year absence, and Jamaica and Mexico returned after 8 years. Seven countries, Costa Rica, Kenya, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Thailand, Venezuela and
14760-512: The cities of Calgary and Banff , in Alberta , as the best opportunity for a Canadian bid to succeed. Calgary's candidacy ultimately failed, and the 1968 Games were awarded to Grenoble . A development program for the Whistler and Mount Garibaldi region was then launched to host the 1972 Games . It included the development of road infrastructure, electrical network and drinking water, which
14940-597: The city a police state. Besides local opposition, budget cutbacks also forced the organizers to scale back on the elaborate plans. VANOC initially benefited from an economic boom and was able to secure lucrative and record domestic sponsorships, but this boom also resulted in rapidly rising construction and labour costs. Due to these factors, as well as the Great Recession , VANOC built minimalistic functional venues with little aesthetic appeal though they were well-designed for post-Games usage. This approach, as well as
15120-411: The competition several times, she scored 183.23 points overall, and won her second consecutive bronze medal at the World Championships. In her free skate, she landed several combination jumps; her only error was during her second Lutz jump. She later told reporters that she planned on taking the next two months to rest and take care of her injury, and then return to training in Canada. It was the first time
15300-443: The duration of the Games since corporate sponsorship is not allowed for an Olympic venue. Renovations included the removal of advertising from the ice surface and conversion of some seating to accommodate the media. The 2010 Winter Olympics marked the first time an Olympic hockey game was played on a rink sized according to NHL rules instead of international specifications. Competition venues in Whistler included Whistler Creekside at
15480-443: The east of the city. This allowed events to proceed as planned. Political decisions involving cancellation of promised low-income housing and the creation of a community of mixed economic backgrounds for post-Games use of the athletes' village was criticized. Opening ceremonies were stalled while organizers dealt with mechanical problems during the cauldron lighting ceremony. Speed skating events were delayed due to breakdowns of
15660-733: The end of World War II and the Korean War . Along with other languages such as Chinese and Arabic , Korean is ranked at the top difficulty level for English speakers by the United States Department of Defense . Modern Korean descends from Middle Korean , which in turn descends from Old Korean , which descends from the Proto-Koreanic language , which is generally suggested to have its linguistic homeland somewhere in Manchuria . Whitman (2012) suggests that
15840-463: The end of her free skate; the AP called her performance "magical" and added that by the end, the audience had forgotten her errors. She later said that winning the World Championships was the fulfillment of a dream and that she wanted to win because it was the last World Championships before the Olympics. According to Orser, Kim gained a new confidence after winning her first World title. Macur reported that it
16020-425: The errors, she "expressed an excellent waltz character." She later said that she was pleased with her result. Kim also won the free skate with 133.70 points, finishing first overall with 197.20 points, and set a world record for the free skate score under the ISU Judging System. She later said that her jumps felt shaky and that she felt that she had elements she could improve and vowed to work on them. Kim qualified for
16200-673: The events categorized as ice sports (excluding bobsleigh, luge and skeleton) were held in Vancouver and Richmond. The sports categorized as "Nordic events" were held in the Callaghan Valley located just to the west of Whistler. All alpine skiing events were held on Whistler Mountain (Creekside) and sliding events (bobsleigh, luge and skeleton) were held on Blackcomb Mountain . Cypress Mountain (located in Cypress Provincial Park in West Vancouver ) hosted
16380-518: The fact that most of the infrastructure already existed, meant that the direct costs of the Vancouver Games were much lower than recent Olympic games. Before the Games began and as they commenced, a number of concerns and controversies surfaced and received media attention. Hours before the opening ceremony, Georgian luger Nodar Kumaritashvili was killed during a training run after being thrown out from his luge, intensifying questions about
16560-616: The first Games where the host broadcasting facilities were provided solely by OBS. The executive director of Olympic Broadcasting Services Vancouver was Nancy Lee , a former producer and executive for CBC Sports . The official broadcast theme was a piece called "City of Ice" composed by Rob May and Simon Hill . In Canada, the Games were the first Olympic Games broadcast by a new Olympic Broadcast Media Consortium led by CTVglobemedia and Rogers Media , displacing previous broadcaster CBC Sports . Main English-language coverage
16740-399: The first Korean dynasty known to Western nations. Korean people in the former USSR refer to themselves as Koryo-saram or Koryo-in (literally, " Koryo/Goryeo persons"), and call the language Koryo-mal' . Some older English sources also use the spelling "Corea" to refer to the nation, and its inflected form for the language, culture and people, "Korea" becoming more popular in
16920-418: The first Korean skater to win a Junior Grand Prix event. She placed first in both competition segments, the short program and the free skating program, scoring a combined total of 148.55 points. At her second competition, the 2004 JGP China , Kim was in fourth place after making four errors in her short program, but rebounded in the free skate to take second place overall with 131.22 points. She qualified for
17100-429: The first Korean skater to win a gold medal at the 2007 Cup of Russia . She called the competition at Cup of Russia "very strong". She won the short program, scoring 63.50 points, which was a new season best for her; reporter Anna Kondkova called it "a nearly flawless performance". Kim successfully executed her triple flip-triple toe loop combination, but struggled landing her triple Lutz and singled her double Axel. Despite
17280-493: The first Korean skater to win a senior Grand Prix competition, placing first in both the short program and free skate, with a total of 184.54 points, her personal best up to that point. Her Grand Prix performances qualified Kim for her first Grand Prix Final , in Saint Petersburg, Russia . She became the first Korean skater to both medal at and win a Grand Prix Final. She placed third in the short program and first in
17460-556: The first South Korean figure skater to medal at the Olympic Games , World Championships, ISU Grand Prix , and ISU Junior Grand Prix . She won every major international competition in the course of her career and is a former record holder in all three competition segments in women's singles under the ISU Judging System by breaking world records 11 times. She was the first woman to score above 150 points in
17640-464: The first host nation since Norway in 1952 to lead the gold medal count. Canada broke the record for the most gold medals won at a single Winter Olympics (14), which had been set by the Soviet Union in 1976 and Norway in 2002 (13). The United States won the most medals in total, marking their second time doing so at the Winter Olympics, and broke the record for the most medals won during
17820-440: The first time she did not place into the top five. She rebounded in the free skate to win the program with 130.49 points, and won the silver medal with a total of 190.79 points. Kim later admitted that Worlds were mentally difficult for her and that she had seriously considered pulling out of the competition. In February 2010, Kim competed in the women's event at the 2010 Winter Olympic Games, held in Vancouver, Canada . She entered
18000-433: The free skate and won her second consecutive silver medal at the finals. Kim fell early in her routine, but was able to successfully land six triple jumps. With a total score of 196.83 points, Kim swept the Grand Prix series and won her second consecutive Grand Prix Final , the youngest skater in the world to do so. Kim was not required to compete in the 2008 South Korean Championships , because she had already qualified for
18180-507: The free skate with a score of 111.70 points, but won the event with 187.98 points. The South Korean newspaper The Chosun Ilbo called Kim "the clear favorite for the gold" in Vancouver and "in a league of her own". Kim's victories at both Grand Prix events qualified her for the 2009–10 Grand Prix Final in Tokyo, Japan , in December 2009, with a total of 30 points, the highest score of all
18360-489: The free skate, earning a total of 184.20 points and defeating silver medalist Mao Asada. After the short program, Kim admitted that she was worried about her performance due to some back pain, but that she was satisfied with her results. After the free skate, she told reporters that she was surprised by the outcome and was pleased to compete with the Japanese skaters present, calling them "strong competitors". Kim withdrew from
18540-453: The free skate, with 99.98 points, and won the gold medal, with 153.43 points overall. At the 2005–06 Junior Grand Prix Final , when she was first in the junior-level ranking and where she was the youngest skater to compete, she earned 57.51 points in the short program despite a minor landing error during her final spin movement. She earned 116.61 points in the free skating program and won the gold medal with an overall score of 174.12 points. At
18720-486: The free skate. Overall, Kim totaled 228.56 points, breaking her own personal best and previous world record. Philip Hersh stated that her Olympic free skate was "of transcendent brilliance that brought her immortality in South Korea". She won the gold medal, becoming the first South Korean skater to medal in any discipline of figure skating at the Olympic Games. She defeated silver medalist Mao Asada by 23.06 points,
18900-521: The freestyle skiing (aerials, moguls and ski cross), and all snowboard events (half-pipe, parallel giant slalom, snowboard cross). Vancouver 2010 was also the first winter Olympics in which both men's and women's hockey were played on a narrower, NHL -sized ice rink, measuring 200 ft × 85 ft (61 m × 26 m), instead of the international size of 200 ft × 98.5 ft (61.0 m × 30.0 m). The games were played at General Motors Place (now Rogers Arena), home of
19080-456: The fundamental disparities between the Korean and Chinese languages, and accessible only to those educated in classical Chinese. Most of the population was illiterate. In the 15th century King Sejong the Great personally developed an alphabetic featural writing system , known today as Hangul , to promote literacy among the common people. Introduced in the document Hunminjeongeum , it
19260-409: The gold medal, winning the free skate with a score of 123.95, and earning 193.45 points overall. According to The Korea Times , Kim "pulled off a series of near-perfect jumps and an eloquent spiral sequence". in her free skating program. She landed six triple jumps, including her opening triple flip-triple toe jump combination, the only triple-triple jump combination in the competition not downgraded by
19440-550: The greatest margin recorded in women's singles at the Olympics or World Championships since the introduction of the ISU Judging System. Kim's short program, free skate, and combined total scores at the 2010 Winter Olympics were the highest scores since the creation of the ISU Judging System, and were registered in the Guinness World Records . Dorothy Hamill , the 1976 Olympic champion , said that Kim had "jaw-dropping magnificence", adding "The height of her jumps,
19620-409: The ice and singling out her subsequent jumps in the combination. Despite the one error, she cleanly skated the rest of her program. The Korea Times called Kim's spiral sequences "superb" and reported that she also completed a double Axel and all her spins "without flaw". Kim placed second in the free skate with 132.21 points; Asada came from behind from sixth place in the short program to first place in
19800-479: The inflow of western loanwords changed the trend, and now word-initial /l/ (mostly from English loanwords) are pronounced as a free variation of either [ɾ] or [l] . All obstruents (plosives, affricates, fricatives) at the end of a word are pronounced with no audible release , [p̚, t̚, k̚] . Plosive sounds /p, t, k/ become nasals [m, n, ŋ] before nasal sounds. Hangul spelling does not reflect these assimilatory pronunciation rules, but rather maintains
19980-514: The injuries that plagued her during the previous season. Both Orser and Kim reported that she was healthy and had a new physical therapist and a new trainer. Kim told reporters that her goal for the season was to remain healthy and that she had learned how to both recover from her injuries and prevent them from happening. After the 2008 World Championships, Kim's coaching team decided it was time for her to have more input in her program music, crediting their rapport and good communication as helping with
20160-408: The issue between Japanese and Korean, including Alexander Vovin, have argued that the indicated similarities are not due to any genetic relationship , but rather to a sprachbund effect and heavy borrowing, especially from Ancient Korean into Western Old Japanese . A good example might be Middle Korean sàm and Japanese asá , meaning " hemp ". This word seems to be a cognate, but although it
20340-618: The judges. She later expressed appreciation to the large Korean contingent in the audience. Kim won the 2008 Cup of China, where she received a score of 63.64 in the short program and 128.11 in the free skate, placing first in both. Kim made errors in her short program; she two-footed and under-rotated her triple Lutz, which was downgraded to a double jump. In Kim's free skate, she demonstrated an "iron will" and successfully executed five clean triple jumps, including her trademark triple flip-triple toe loop. She stepped out of her first triple Lutz, which she did not think affected her score, so she added
20520-639: The language is most often called Joseon-mal , or more formally, Joseon-o . This is taken from the North Korean name for Korea (Joseon), a name retained from the Joseon dynasty until the proclamation of the Korean Empire , which in turn was annexed by the Empire of Japan . In mainland China , following the establishment of diplomatic relations with South Korea in 1992, the term Cháoxiǎnyǔ or
20700-427: The largest difference between gold and silver in the nine years the ISU Judging System had been used in the World Championships. Her free skate included a "string of perfectly executed triple-triple combinations". As Nancy Armour of the Associated Press said, Kim "could have stood at center ice for the second half of her program and still won". Kim, who told reporters that she felt less pressure, also seemed "able to enjoy
20880-455: The late 1800s. In South Korea the Korean language is referred to by many names including hanguk-eo ("Korean language"), hanguk-mal ("Korean speech") and uri-mal ("our language"); " hanguk " is taken from the name of the Korean Empire ( 대한제국 ; 大韓帝國 ; Daehan Jeguk ). The " han " ( 韓 ) in Hanguk and Daehan Jeguk is derived from Samhan , in reference to
21060-566: The moment". Armour speculated that if Kim continued to skate like that in Sochi, she would be hard to beat at the Olympics. Kim received a standing ovation for her free skate, which Philip Hersh of the Chicago Tribune called "an ethereal free skate of surpassing brilliance". Last to skate, her free skate included six "flawless" jumps, one of which was in combination. Kim said later that she felt happy with her free skate; she also said that it
21240-469: The network reported a financial loss of $ 233 million on the Games. The Associated Press (AP) announced that it would send 120 reporters, photographers, editors and videographers to cover the Games on behalf of the country's news media . The cost of their Olympics coverage prompted AP to make a "real departure for the wire service 's online coverage". Rather than simply providing content, it partnered with more than 900 newspapers and broadcasters who split
21420-527: The northern part of the country. The correct transliteration of her name is "Kim Yeon-a" ( 김연아 ). However, when Kim applied for a passport, the official misspelled her given name as "Yu-na" ( 유나 ) instead of "Yeon-a" ( 연아 ). Since her competitive days, she asked international media to refer to her as "Yuna Kim" instead of "Kim Yu-na". Kim was born to her father, Kim Hyeon-seok, who was a business owner, and her mother, Park Mi-hee. She has one older sister. Her mother, whom The Korea Times called "indisputably
21600-410: The official program. The Vancouver Olympic Committee (VANOC) subsequently approved the event to officially be part of the Games program. Events proposed for inclusion but ultimately rejected included: The issue over women's ski jumping being excluded ended up in the Supreme Court of British Columbia in Vancouver during April 21–24, 2009, with a verdict on July 10 excluding women's ski jumping from
21780-589: The overall score. At the 2009 Skate America, Kim placed first again after the short program with a score of 76.28, ahead of her closest competitor Rachael Flatt from the United States. Kim set a new world record for the short program, marking the fourth straight competition in which she broke world records. As Lynn Rutherford stated in IceNetwork , "None of her world records are safe. She'll break them again and again". Kim later said that every competition
21960-652: The possibility of hosting a Games in British Columbia if a venue was found near Vancouver. Shortly afterwards, the Garibaldi Olympic Development Association (GODA) was created in order to prepare a bid to host the Winter Games in the region of Mount Garibaldi , near Whistler . In 1961, GODA considered developing a bid for the 1968 Winter Games , but the Canadian Olympic Committee (COC) preferred
22140-533: The power, and the fluid beauty of her skating are like magic". Jacques Rogge , then-president of the International Olympic Committee , stated that Kim's performance "touched me in a way that I haven't been touched since Torvill and Dean in Sarajevo ". U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton , who met with and congratulated South Korean Foreign Minister Yu Myung-hwan the following day, also praised Kim's performance, calling it "extraordinary". In South Korea,
22320-406: The process. Orser felt she had "come into her own in terms of maturity and development". After Wilson and choreographer Shae-Lynn Bourne made several proposals for her short program music, Kim used Danse Macabre by Camille Saint-Saëns . For her free skate, she chose music from Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov's Scheherazade after seeing another skater use it four years earlier. Kim placed first in
22500-638: The proto-Koreans, already present in northern Korea, expanded into the southern part of the Korean Peninsula at around 300 BC and coexisted with the descendants of the Japonic Mumun cultivators (or assimilated them). Both had influence on each other and a later founder effect diminished the internal variety of both language families. Since the establishment of two independent governments, North–South differences have developed in standard Korean, including variations in pronunciation and vocabulary chosen. However, these minor differences can be found in any of
22680-413: The provincial debt grew by $ 24 billion during the decade. Non direct olympics games cost (e.g. expanded rail network, highways, security, paid time off for government employees "volunteering" etc.) cost in excess of 7 billion. In 2011, the provincial auditor-general declined to conduct a post-Games audit. C$ 200 million was expected to be spent for security, which was organized through a special body,
22860-479: The qualifiers. She placed second in the short program with 65.64 points. The next day, she won the free skate with 123.22 points. As a result, Kim won every competition she had entered in 2009 and her third Grand Prix Final title with a total of 188.86 points. In mid-December, she was chosen to carry the Olympic torch for the second time, running about 300 meters in downtown Hamilton , an hour's drive from where she trained in Toronto. In February 2010, Kim competed in
23040-409: The results, was to enjoy and show a different side of herself. Kim also chose not to compete at the 2011 Four Continents Championships , because the previous Olympics had sapped her energy. A large contingent of reporters from South Korea and Japan were at the World Championships, but Kim did not experience as much pressure compared to the Olympics. Skating to music from Giselle , she placed first in
23220-578: The rights of hosting both 2018 Winter Olympics and 2024 Winter Youth Olympics (as a part of the Gangwon Province ) had the most votes of the three cities in the first round of voting, in which Salzburg was eliminated. In the run-off, all but two of the members who had voted for Salzburg voted for Vancouver. It was the closest vote by the IOC since Sydney, Australia beat Beijing for the 2000 Summer Olympics by two votes. Vancouver's victory came almost two years after Toronto's 2008 Summer Olympic bid
23400-538: The rules of the bidding process were changed in 1999. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) created the Evaluation Commission, which was appointed on October 24, 2002. Prior to the bidding for the 2008 Summer Olympics , host cities would often fly members of the IOC to their city where they toured the city and were provided with gifts. The lack of oversight and transparency often led to allegations of money for votes. Afterward, changes brought forth by
23580-405: The safety of the course and prompting organizers to implement quick modifications. Immediately after the accident, officials attributed it to an athlete error rather than a track deficiency. The International Luge Federation called an emergency meeting after the accident, and all other training runs were cancelled for the day. The President of Georgia, Mikheil Saakashvili , thanked the hosts for
23760-449: The season by becoming the first Korean skater to win the 2007 Cup of China , with a total score of 180.68 points. In the short program, she landed a triple Lutz, a double Axel, and successfully performed three spins, but a failed triple flip-single toe loop combination caused her to finish the segment in third place. Golden Skate reported that her disappointment was clear as she entered the kiss-and-cry and that she later admitted that she
23940-434: The second night in a row, Kim performed yet another elegant, effortless routine that enthralled the crowd and the judges". She successfully executed five triple jumps, three in combination, which included a triple flip-triple toe loop combination at the start of the program. She chose to replace her triple loop with an Ina Bauer going into a double Axel because although triple loops were worth more points, errors that resulted in
24120-669: The short form Cháoyǔ has normally been used to refer to the standard language of North Korea and Yanbian , whereas Hánguóyǔ or the short form Hányǔ is used to refer to the standard language of South Korea. Korean is a member of the Koreanic family along with the Jeju language . Some linguists have included it in the Altaic family, but the core Altaic proposal itself has lost most of its prior support. The Khitan language has several vocabulary items similar to Korean that are not found in other Mongolian or Tungusic languages, suggesting
24300-449: The short program at Skate America with a score of 69.50, despite trouble with her double Axel. Rutherford reported that Kim "sparkled" during her practices. She was the only competitor in the short program to skate a clean triple-triple combination jump and scored 10.70 points on her triple flip-triple toe combination jump, her first jump of the program; all eight of her elements, except her double Axel, earned her positive GOEs. Kim captured
24480-426: The short program, with 65.91 points. She stumbled out of her triple Lutz, so she was unable to include her planned triple-triple combination jump, but she added a double toe loop to her planned triple flip in order to fulfill the combination jump requirement. Oppegard later told reporters that he thought that Kim was nervous because it was her first competition in a year. Kim told reporters that getting back into training
24660-663: The smaller NHL-sized rinks. By contrast, the only other NHL venue to host Olympic hockey, the Calgary Flames ' Olympic Saddledome , started construction before Calgary won the bid for the 1988 Winter Olympics and it was designed to accommodate an international ice rink. There were a number of events that were proposed to be included in the 2010 Winter Olympics. On November 28, 2006, the IOC Executive Board at their meeting in Kuwait voted to include ski cross in
24840-495: The start of the February 16 men's and women's biathlon pursuit races, and restricted access to the Olympic flame cauldron on the Vancouver waterfront. Opposition to the Olympic Games was expressed by activists and politicians, including Lower Mainland mayors Derek Corrigan and Richard Walton . Many of the public pre-Olympic events held in Vancouver were attended by protesters . On Saturday, February 13, as part of
25020-418: The stock market halted all business during Kim's performances. She and Orser flew immediately to Seoul after the Olympics to meet with South Korean president Lee Myung-bak at his official residence . Christopher Clarey from The New York Times reported that Kim considered retiring from competition at the end of the season. In August 2010, Kim and Brian Orser parted ways. According to the Associated Press, it
25200-511: The store?' Response 예/네. ye/ne AFF 2010 Winter Olympics The 2010 Winter Olympics , officially known as the XXI Olympic Winter Games ( French : XXI Jeux olympiques d'hiver ) and also known as Vancouver 2010 ( Squamish : K'emk'emeláy̓ 2010 ), were an international winter multi-sport event held from February 12 to 28, 2010 in Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada , with some events held in
25380-630: The surrounding suburbs of Richmond , West Vancouver and the University of British Columbia , and in the nearby resort town of Whistler . It was regarded by the Olympic Committee to be among the most successful Olympic games in history, in both attendance and coverage. Approximately 2,600 athletes from 82 nations participated in 86 events in fifteen disciplines. Both the Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games were organized by
25560-441: The tense fricative and all the affricates as well. At the end of a syllable, /s/ changes to /t/ (example: beoseot ( 버섯 ) 'mushroom'). /h/ may become a bilabial [ɸ] before [o] or [u] , a palatal [ç] before [j] or [i] , a velar [x] before [ɯ] , a voiced [ɦ] between voiced sounds, and a [h] elsewhere. /p, t, t͡ɕ, k/ become voiced [b, d, d͡ʑ, ɡ] between voiced sounds. /m, n/ frequently denasalize at
25740-593: The two leading contenders, which saw Vancouver win with 40 votes compared to Quebec City's 32 votes. Vancouver had also bid for the 1976 games, which were first awarded to Denver, then to Innsbruck and the 1980 games, which were awarded to Lake Placid. After the bribery scandal over the candidacy of the Salt Lake City bid for the 2002 Winter Olympics (which resulted in Quebec City asking for compensation (C$ 8 million) for its unsuccessful bid), many of
25920-464: The underlying, partly historical morphology . Given this, it is sometimes hard to tell which actual phonemes are present in a certain word. The traditional prohibition of word-initial /ɾ/ became a morphological rule called "initial law" ( 두음법칙 ) in the pronunciation standards of South Korea, which pertains to Sino-Korean vocabulary. Such words retain their word-initial /ɾ/ in the pronunciation standards of North Korea. For example, ^NOTE ㅏ
26100-444: The way that they handled Kumaritashvili's death which included a moment of silence, bringing his remains back to Georgia and a tribute to him at the opening ceremony. One critic questioned the choice of Cypress Mountain as a venue because of its potential lack of snow due to the 2009-10 El Niño . Because of this possibility, organizers had a contingency plan to truck in snow from Manning Park , about 250 kilometres (160 mi) to
26280-493: The world." For the first time, Canada won gold in an official sport as the host nation of the Olympics, having failed to do so in 1976 and 1988 (although Canada won the 1988 woman's curling event in Calgary when it was still only a demonstration sport ). Canada clinched their first gold medal on the second day of the competition, first topping the gold medal tally on the second-to-last day of competition, and went on to become
26460-504: The youngest skater ever to do so, a record not broken until 2016 by 11-year-old You Young . She also placed first at the 2003 Golden Bear of Zagreb , a novice competition. Kim won three consecutive South Korean championships between 2003 and 2006. In the 2004–05 season, Kim competed as a junior during the ISU Junior Grand Prix . She won a gold medal at the 2004 JGP Hungary , her first international competition, and became
26640-503: Was "a move that has taken many by surprise—Orser included" and according to Reuters , no reason was given for the decision. Orser stated that his firing was "out of the blue". David Wilson called the split "like a nightmare". The Toronto Star reported that later that same month, Orser leaked, without permission, the music Kim had planned to use for her free skating program during the upcoming season, something frowned upon in figure skating. At first, Kim continued to train in Toronto without
26820-882: Was 7.1 °C (44.8 °F) for the month of February 2010. The opening and closing ceremonies were held at BC Place Stadium , which received over C$ 150 million in major renovations. Competition venues in Greater Vancouver included the Pacific Coliseum , the Vancouver Olympic/Paralympic Centre , the UBC Winter Sports Centre , the Richmond Olympic Oval and Cypress Mountain . GM Place, now known as Rogers Arena , played host to ice hockey events, being renamed Canada Hockey Place for
27000-496: Was able to land her triple Lutz-double toe loop-double loop combination jump, which was downgraded, and completed her double Axel-triple toe loop combination jump. During the 2009 World Championships in Los Angeles , Kim set another new world record of 76.12 points in the short program, surpassing her previous record by four points. Orser, who later said that Kim was well-trained, stated about Kim's short program, "I think this
27180-462: Was born with a good instrument, maybe more so than the talent". Ryu cited Kim's work ethic, especially her hard work, dedication, and commitment to practice for her success. She landed her first triple toe loop jump at the age of 10 and, except for the triple Axel , she was able to perform all types of triple jumps cleanly two years later. During her middle school years, her boots often did not fit her as she matured, suffering many injuries, including
27360-533: Was called eonmun ('colloquial script') and quickly spread nationwide to increase literacy in Korea. The Korean alphabet was denounced by the yangban aristocracy, who looked down upon it too easy to learn. However, it gained widespread use among the common class and was widely used to print popular novels which were enjoyed by the common class. Since few people could understand official documents written in classical Chinese, Korean kings sometimes released public notices entirely written in Hangul as early as
27540-439: Was completed on time and at least one year prior to the Games. In 2004, the operational cost of the 2010 Winter Olympics was estimated to be Canadian $ 1.354 billion (about £ 828,499,787, € 975,033,598 or US$ 1,314,307,896). As of mid-2009 it was projected to be C$ 1.76 billion, mostly raised from non-government sources, primarily through sponsorships and the auction of national broadcasting rights. C$ 580 million
27720-470: Was defeated by Beijing in a landslide vote. The Vancouver Olympic Committee (VANOC) spent C$ 16.6 million on upgrading facilities at Cypress Mountain , which hosted the freestyle (aerials, moguls, ski cross) and snowboarding events. With the opening in February 2009 of the C$ 40 ;million Vancouver Olympic/Paralympic Centre at Hillcrest Park , which hosted curling, every sports venue for the 2010 Games
27900-492: Was difficult and that she often lacked the motivation to continue. Kim came in second in the free skate with 128.59 points and won the silver medal, with a total score of 194.50 points. Skating to Korean music, which she called "a love letter to my country", Kim landed her opening triple Lutz-triple toe loop combination jump and landed another triple Lutz and two triple Salchows, but she flubbed her flip jump. Golden Skate reported that Kim "continued her impressive record" of earning
28080-404: Was disappointed with her score, but had no regrets about her short program. She also said that she enjoyed skating "in the middle of the pack" because skating later on made her more nervous. Kim also won the free skate after executing a clean program that earned her 148.34 points. With 218.31 points overall, Kim claimed her second world title, surpassing the rest of the competitors by 20.43 points,
28260-441: Was immensely successful, with the official Olympic Committee press release citing "Full venues, record public attendance: Over 97% of the 1.54 million tickets available were sold, with 71% to the Canadian public at an average price of $ 139. Adding in international public ticket sales, the percentage of ticket sales to the public exceeds 75% of all available tickets." Vancouver 2010 also achieved record global television coverage as per
28440-491: Was important to her and she considered them practice for the Olympics. After her short program, Kim told reporters that she was not sure about using music from the Bond films, but eventually came around to the idea because she liked the choreography created by Wilson and felt that it was a good choice for an Olympic year. Orser told reporters that even with Kim's multiple wins, he was "taking nothing for granted". Kim placed second in
28620-438: Was impressed with Kim's skating abilities, her ability to learn choreography quickly and well, her creativity, and her openness to learning new skills. International Figure Skating reported that Kim had a positive influence and was a good role model for the younger skaters who trained with her in Toronto. Kim reported that training in Toronto was an escape from the great fame and "media circus" she faced daily in Korea. Kim began
28800-542: Was in charge of Kim's overall training and Ryu was in charge of her fitness training and conditioning. Kim chose music from the 1963 film The Kiss of the Vampire for her short program and selections from the musical Les Misérables for her free skate. She used movie and musical soundtracks because she wanted to use something new. Kim's first competition of the season was the 2012 NRW Trophy in Dortmund, Germany . It
28980-515: Was included in the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi , Russia . In the following calendar for the 2010 Winter Olympic Games, each blue box indicates that an event competition, such as a qualification round, was held on that day. The yellow boxes represent days during which medal-awarding finals for a sport were held with the number in these boxes representing the number of finals that were contested on that day. The top ten listed NOCs by number of gold medals are listed below. The host nation, Canada,
29160-420: Was ineligible to compete at the World Championships , because she because she did not meet the required age minimum of 15 years old. She won the silver medal at the 2005 World Junior Championships with 158.93 points overall. Coming from behind after the short program, where she had finished in sixth place, she scored 110.26 points in her free skate, with her "secret weapon" of a triple-triple jump combination. It
29340-409: Was looking forward to skating in her home country. Tickets for the event sold out minutes after they were placed on sale. Kim placed first in the short program with 65.94 points, well below her personal best, and second in the free skate where she earned 120.41 points. After placing first place at the finals the previous two seasons, she won the silver medal with a total score of 186.35 points. She landed
29520-425: Was looking towards the South Korean Championships and the 2014 Olympics. Moon reported that Kim began her free skate "with indelible poise and sublime grace... launching herself fearlessly into jumps and landing with implausible softness". Kany called Kim's opening triple Lutz-triple toe loop combination jump "brilliant"; Kim also successfully executed a triple flip that earned her a +2 GOE, two additional triples, and
29700-456: Was nervous after popping her jump. In the free skate, Kim landed a triple flip-triple toe loop combination, a triple loop, triple Lutz-double toe loop combination, and a double Axel-triple toe loop combination. She scored 122.36 points and was the only skater in the competition who received no deductions for the free skate. Kim later admitted that she was not satisfied with her free skate and vowed to work on it before her next competition. Kim became
29880-401: Was not doing well enough to pay for her lessons, they put up their house as collateral for a bank loan. Kim's father chose to remain out of media attention, choosing to watch her skate on television along with her sister instead of accompanying Kim to international competitions. Both parents, however, attended the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver . Kim credited both of them with her success as
30060-425: Was not invited to skate in the 2012–13 Grand Prix circuit, so she chose to compete in minor events to score enough technical points to qualify for the 2013 World Championships . Kim left Oppegard and began training with her childhood coaches Shin Hea-sook and Ryu Jong-hyun. Her coaches reported that Kim's technique was no problem, even after her long break, but that they were working on her stamina in training. Shin
30240-513: Was not one incident that exacerbated her back pain, although her short program put burden on her lower back. She also was nursing a tailbone injury. Kim opened her short program with a triple flip-triple toe loop combination with enough speed to carry her out of both jumps. According to Kaye, "Elegance and superior skating skills were brilliantly displayed" during Kim's free skate at the World Championships. She accomplished her triple flip-triple toe loop combination "with wonderful flow as well as with
30420-460: Was one of those moments people will always remember, especially those judges". She began her program with her triple flip-triple toe loop combination jump, which Yoon Chul of The Korea Times called "undoubtedly perfect", and a triple Lutz, which was followed by "a superb" spiral sequence. Chul reported that Kim skated with energy and confidence and that the audience gave her a standing ovation. She later expressed her appreciation for her Korean fans in
30600-510: Was originally estimated. Some venues, including the Richmond Olympic Oval , were at sea level, a rarity for the Winter Games. The 2010 Games were also the first—Winter or Summer—to have had an Opening Ceremony held indoors. Greater Vancouver was the most populous metropolitan area ever to hold the Winter Games. In February, the month when the Games were held, Vancouver has an average temperature of 4.8 °C (40.6 °F). The average temperature as measured at Vancouver International Airport
30780-480: Was selected to host the 1976 Summer Olympics , and the Vancouver-Garibaldi candidacy was thus eliminated in the first round of voting. Vancouver was again a candidate for the 1980 Games , but withdrew at the last moment. For the 1988 Winter Olympics , Calgary was chosen as the preferred site for the Canadian bid, and would go on to win the election and thus become the first Canadian city to host
30960-586: Was shown on the CTV Television Network , while supplementary programming was mainly shown on TSN and Rogers Sportsnet . Main French-language coverage was shown on V and RDS . NBC Universal networks televised the 2010 Winter Olympics in the United States, under a contract in which it paid US$ 2.2 billion for the rights to the Games and the 2012 Summer Olympics . Advertising sales had slowed in comparison to previous Olympics due to
31140-581: Was still absent in this region. But once again, Banff was chosen to represent Canada as the potential host city for the 1972 Games, which were eventually awarded to Sapporo , Japan . In 1968, the GODA was finally chosen by the Canadian Olympic Committee with the aim of making a joint candidacy with the city of Vancouver for the organization of the 1976 Winter Olympics . However, the chances of Vancouver's candidacy dwindled when Montreal
31320-404: Was the biggest goal of Kim's career thus far. Kim's goal for the 2009–10 season was to develop her programs, as well as her expression, character, and makeup, in order to demonstrate more maturity. Juliet Macur from The New York Times stated that Kim's short program, which depicted her "as a sexy, confident Bond girl ," "sizzled" and that Kim performed her free skating program "with the grace of
31500-411: Was the first time she had competed since 2011. Reporter Moon Gwang-lip called it "an impressive comeback". Tickets to the NRW Trophy sold out in six hours and instead of the few media outlets that would usually attended this event, over fifty credentials, which included several news outlets, were issued. Although it was not important for her to win the competition, she placed first in the short program with
31680-477: Was the first time she no longer focused on the results, but had been able to enjoy both skating and competing. Up to that point, Kim had earned medals at all 30 of her international competitions, both at the junior and senior levels, and had won gold medals at 19 of them. Korean language Korean ( South Korean : 한국어 , Hanguk-eo ; North Korean : 조선어 , Chosŏnŏ ) is the native language for about 81 million people, mostly of Korean descent. It
31860-667: Was the first time that a Korean skater had won a medal at the Junior World Championships and the Junior Grand Prix Final. Kim lacked the corporate sponsorship to pay for her training and participation costs, so she experienced financial difficulties; the Korea Skating Union promised to underwrite her expenses so she could train out of the country. She was not old enough to compete at the 2006 Olympics ; instead, she participated in
32040-526: Was the only skater in the competition who surpassed 100 points in her free skate. This marked the first time a Korean skater had won the Junior Grand Prix Final and the World Junior Championships. It was also the eighth consecutive competition where Kim had finished in either first or second place since 2004 and raised expectations for Korea's chances of winning a gold medal at the 2010 Winter Olympics . To prepare for her senior debut in
32220-424: Was the taxpayer-supported budget to construct or renovate venues throughout Vancouver and Whistler . A final audit conducted by PricewaterhouseCoopers released in December 2010 revealed total operation cost to have been $ 1.84 billion and came in on budget resulting in neither surplus nor deficit. Construction of venues also came on budget with a total cost of $ 603 million. PricewaterhouseCoopers' study estimated
32400-624: Was unable to train during and afterwards her treatment. Kim was scheduled to compete at the 2007 Asian Winter Games , but had to withdraw. Kim was selected to compete at the 2007 World Championships in Tokyo. Despite being on pain killers for chronic back pain and with little treatment, she won the short program with 71.95 points, setting the highest short program score ever under the ISU Judging System . Rosaleen Kaye of Golden Skate stated that Kim performed her short program "with an intensity and maturity far above her years". Kim told reporters that it
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