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75-830: It is transliterated as Zentradi, Zjentohlauedy, Zentrady, and Zentraedi for the Japanese Macross series, with the Zentraedi spelling being the one most used commonly in the English-dubbed Robotech adaptation. The Robotech novels and comics would add the occasional spelling T'sentraeti. In both the Macross and Robotech universes, humans and Zentradi are capable of interbreeding due to being genetically equivalent. Physically, most of them also resemble humans with pointy ears , though some have unique skin and hair colors. Prior to their first encounter with

150-577: A "sub-Protoculture" race meant for preparing the Earth for a future Protoculture colonization. The genetic engineering crew, however, was immediately destroyed by anti-Interstellar Republic military ships. The final blow of the war happened because of the Protoculture lost control of the Zentradi; 475,000 years ago, the Protoculture was believed extinct. However it was discovered that 10,000 years ago,

225-537: A 2031 movie depicting Space War I. Probably the best known female Zentradi is Milia Fallyna Jenius , the most renowned Zentradi pilot that the humans have encountered. The spelling and pronunciation of these terms is difficult to interpret, as the Japanese language uses a series of characters that split the difference, phonetically, between the English letters "L" and "R", and thus can be transliterated as either. In

300-599: A Japanese science fiction mecha anime media franchise / media mix , created by Studio Nue (most prominently mecha designer, writer and producer Shōji Kawamori ) and Artland in 1982. The franchise features a fictional history of Earth and the human race after the year 1999, as well as the history of humanoid civilization in the Milky Way . It consists of four TV series, four movies, six OVAs , one light novel , and five manga series, all sponsored by Big West  [ ja ] , in addition to 40 video games set in

375-426: A Takatoku Toys handheld electronic game distributed by Incoming Trading, a Banpresto arcade game licensed by Fabtek, and a Bandai Visual PlayStation game whose debuted North American localization was eventually cancelled probably due to copyrights issues involving Harmony Gold. See the list of Macross video games for all the official and crossover releases from the 1980s up to the 2010s. Harmony Gold purchased

450-514: A persistent aspect of modern warfare. Hand-to-hand combat is the principal form of combat during skirmishes between Indian Army and Chinese People's Liberation Army soldiers along the disputed Himalayan border between India and the People's Republic of China. While Chinese and Indian soldiers carry firearms, due to decades of tradition designed to reduce the possibility of an escalation, agreements disallow usage of firearms along this border. In

525-493: A school. The pilot episode aired on December 23, 2007. The new series were finally set in the year 2059 AD and took place in a new Macross Colony Fleet called "Macross Frontier". The new show was produced by Satelight and its episodes began their regular broadcast on April 4, 2008, in MBS channel of Japan. The final episode aired on September 25, 2008, what brought the series to a total of 25 episodes. A Macross Frontier Movie Edition

600-487: A space-fold transports a spacecraft in a very short amount of time by first swapping the location of the spacecraft with super dimension space or subspace, and then swapping the Super Dimension space with the space at the destination. According to U.N. Spacy First Lieutenant Hayase Misa during Space War I (2009–2012) an hour passes in super dimension space as approximately ten days passes in normal space. One of

675-491: A split in the Republic. One of the factions' created "super-Zentradi" forces, which was later possessed by interdimensional beings—these forces are later called the "Protodeviln", which feeds on life energy of both Protoculture and Zentradi; some of both the Protoculture and Zentradi was later brainwashed into the "Supervision Army". The Supervision Army continued to battle both the Protoculture and Zentradi, which resulted in

750-569: A supplement to armed combat. Soldiers in China were trained in unarmed combat as early as the Zhou dynasty (1022 BCE to 256 BCE). Despite major technological changes such as the use of gunpowder, the machine gun in the Russo-Japanese War and the trench warfare of World War I , hand-to-hand fighting methods with the knife and bayonet remain common in modern military training, though

825-465: Is a completely new project. Several sequel series and prequels have followed in Macross . The main Macross productions consists of (in fictional chronological timeline order): Macross video games are based on its universe, sometimes expanding it with original characters and sidestories; latest games often include newly created anime footage, and all of them were exclusively released in Japan; except

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900-414: Is a fan, Macross explored how individuals cope with warfare. Whereas Gundam is far more political and direct on the horrors of war, each Macross television series is unique for never depicting the antagonists as inherently evil and proved in the end that love, culture, and music can be used to resolve their conflicts. Several sequel series and one prequel have followed. Most use a chronology created by

975-462: Is called "fold in". When arriving at the destination, the act of leaving Super Dimension space is called a "defold" or a "fold out". The metaplot of the franchise is centered on a purportedly extinct humanoid alien race called the Protoculture ( プロトカルチャー , Purotokaruchā ) . It was first conceptualized during the pre-production of The Super Dimension Fortress Macross when the creators were researching cultural studies to develop concepts used in

1050-547: Is mentioned in the Tailteann Games dating back from somewhere between 1839 BC to 632 BC (academics disagree) to the 12th century AD when the Normans invaded. Other historical forms of close combat include the gladiator spectacles of ancient Rome and medieval tournament events such as jousting or medieval martial arts . Military organizations have always taught some sort of unarmed combat for conditioning and as

1125-408: Is part of the ongoing fictional time-line of the Macross franchise. The most recent series, Macross Delta , is set 59 years after the start of the war with the Zentradi. Its main plot is about the spread of a rage virus on a star system and the combined efforts of singing idols and valkyrie fighters to stop it spreading. Along with Gundam , a real robot mecha series of which Shoji Kawamori

1200-673: Is the most ancient form of fighting known. A majority of cultures have their own particular histories related to close combat, and their own methods of practice. The pankration , which was practiced in Ancient Greece and Rome , is an example of a form which involved nearly all strikes and holds, with biting and gouging being the only exceptions (although allowed in Sparta ). Many modern varieties of martial arts and combat sports, such as some boxing styles, wrestling and MMA , were also practiced historically. For example, Celtic wrestling

1275-576: The Macross 7: Encore OVA and the Macross Frontier animated television series. Both the fictional Zentradi language and its alphabet have been used in several video games that take place in the Macross universe. In Macross 7 (2045), the Zentradi are noted to be especially fearful towards other alien creatures known as the Protodeviln to the point of it being a reflex . During

1350-649: The Macross: Do You Remember Love? animated film, the Zentradi were actually shown speaking a fictional extraterrestrial language (that also was developed for the movie by the Studio Nue production staff) as subtitles were provided for the audience. The Zentradi alphabet from the original Macross TV series and the spoken form of the Zentradi language from the Macross: Do You Remember Love? film appeared again in

1425-664: The International Settlement (1854–1943) of Shanghai in the 1920s, widely acknowledged as the most dangerous port city in the world due to a heavy opium trade run by organized crime (the Chinese Triads ). CQC was derived from a mixture of judo , jujutsu , boxing , savate , wrestling and street fighting . After the May Thirtieth Movement , Fairbairn was charged with developing an auxiliary squad for riot control . After absorbing

1500-644: The Iraq and Afghanistan wars found that the majority of hand-to-hand combat involved grappling techniques instead of striking. Most combat sports involve hand-to-hand combat. A 2014 study found that, amongst US soldiers deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan between 2004 and 2008, 19% reported the use of hand-to-hand techniques in at least one encounter, in a variety of circumstances and contexts (such as close combat, prisoner handling, crowd control and security checkpoints), supporting prior research that indicated that, despite advances in technology, hand-to-hand combat remained

1575-504: The Macross universe , two crossover games , and a wide variety of physical merchandise. Within the series, the term Macross is used to denote the main capital ship . This theme began in the original Macross , Super Dimension Fortress Macross . "Overtechnology" refers to the scientific advances discovered in an alien starship ASS-1 ( Alien Star Ship - One later renamed Super Dimension Fortress - One Macross ) that crashed on South Ataria island. Humans were able to reverse engineer

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1650-733: The Star hub), with the exception of both the Super Dimension Fortress Macross and Do You Remember Love? that was currently available in Japan. Macross was the basis for the Robotech franchise in North America. Super Dimension Fortress Macross was adapted into the first saga of the Robotech television series (1985–1986), called The Macross Saga , which spawned the Robotech franchise. Robotech

1725-471: The virtual band Fire Bomber who became a commercial success and spawned multiple CDs released in Japan. Macross set the template for later virtual idols in the early 21st century, such as Hatsune Miku and Kizuna Ai . Another innovative character concept in Macross was the role of Misa Hayase in Super Dimension Fortress Macross , who was one of the main commanders of the Macross battleship. She

1800-405: The 25th anniversary concert, a trailer was shown that revealed the new tentative title of Macross F (Frontier) . During the concert, Kawamori Shoji mentioned that the timeframe of Macross Frontier was about 2070 AD. Kawamori also announced that Yoko Kanno would be the music co-composer of the new Macross series. According to Newtype magazine, this new series were supposed to take place in

1875-658: The American adaptation of the series ( Harmony Gold , 1985) the Zentraedi were originally a genetically engineered race of giant clones that served the people of the habitable moon Tirol from their inhospitable mother planet Fantoma. In time, the ruling leaders of Tirol became the Robotech Masters, and the Zentraedi were transformed from miners to soldiers for the Masters' galactic empire. The traits and behaviors of

1950-474: The Humans, but the two genders were segregated into separate fleets to prevent direct interaction. The segregated fleets shared the same ship types (with different color schemes), but employed different armor and vehicle complements. Neither the word "Meltlandi" nor any derivative was coined or used in this series. Macross: Do You Remember Love? reimagined the female Zentradi as their own faction fighting against

2025-553: The Protoculture Civilization's sphere of influence and the creation of an "Interstellar Republic" (akin to a galactic empire ) that controlled most of the Milky Way. As war broke out with The Supervision Army centuries later, the Zentradi entered into combat with their fearsomely powerful force of millions of space warships and mecha produced in thousands of huge automated factories scattered across

2100-417: The Protoculture remnants made contact with humans in "Mayan Island", genetically re-engineering the native inhabitants to utilize the artifacts left by them. This included the "Bird Human" bio-mecha, tasked to destroy humanity if they are still in war. The franchise also explores minor themes including culture shock , capitalism , coming of age and nostalgia . The new era following the end of Space War I

2175-607: The Robotech Zentraedi are substantially the same as those of their Macross counterparts. However, although segregation by gender remains a central premise, the word "Zentraedi" refers equally to males and females in Robotech, with no use of the word "Meltrandi" occurring. Additionally, in Robotech continuity, the near-totality of Zentraedi in existence is found between Dolza's Main Fleet of 4.8 million warships destroyed by

2250-539: The SDF-1, the unified forces of Breetai and Azonia that fight alongside the SDF-1, and one additional substantive fleet led by Commander Reno and tasked with protecting the Robotech Factory Satellite. With the defeat of both Dolza and Reno, and enormous losses suffered by the allied forces in the course of their campaigns, very few of a race that once numbered into billions are known to remain alive by

2325-555: The Studio Nue creators, and those that followed their own chronologies were regarded as "parallel storylines" by the studio. Several different studios were involved with Studio Nue in the Macross franchise along the years, but since 2002's Macross Zero , production has been handled exclusively between Nue and Satelight , from which Shōji Kawamori is one of the main key members. The main of Macross production consists of (in chronological release order): A feature film, subtitled Do You Remember Love? (愛・おぼえていますか Ai Oboete Imasu ka ),

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2400-462: The Zentradi and modern Humans made contact, the average Zentradi had the equivalent intelligence of Human primary school children, only needing to be intelligent enough to perform their assigned tasks. Since their exposure to Human society and knowledge, their potential intelligence and learning capacity has been shown to be higher. In the first Macross TV series it was revealed that Commander Type Zentradi are bigger, stronger and more intelligent than

2475-456: The Zentradi language. Also, Female Zentradi are called Meltrandi , the word "Meltran" meaning "female" as well. Finally, the Zentradi were forbidden culture, and were instilled with orders to never interfere with culture-bearing planets and civilizations, again apparently to suppress independent thought and keep an iron loyalty in all the Zentradi forces. The downfall of the Zentradi nomadic warrior civilization came during Space War I (2009), when

2550-461: The ability to have their hair move on its own according to their feelings, as well as having an above-average resistance to space vacuum . In the Macross setting, Meltlandi or Meltlan is the term for female Zentradi, a giant humanoid alien warrior race segregated by gender. In the first Macross animated TV series, the female Zentradi collaborated with the male Zentradi in Space War I against

2625-484: The alien ships in the series, it is a relatively small gun destroyer) and the distance they must cross. The following are themes commonly seen and established among the various series in the Macross franchise. The U.N. Spacy ( 統合宇宙軍 , Tōgō Uchūgun ) is a fictional space military arm of the Earth Unified Government ( 地球統合政府 , Chikyū Tōgō Seifu ) . It was established by the successor to

2700-422: The cast. The winner of the contest as well of the rest of the cast and characters were revealed in a special event held on October 29, 2015. A new Macross anime television series was to premiere in 2018, but still hasn't released (as of September 2024). A new Macross series was announced in 2023 to be animated by Bandai Namco Filmworks . It is unknown if this is the previously announced 2018 anime or if this

2775-478: The combination of many songs and fighters too." Hand-to-hand combat Hand-to-hand combat is a physical confrontation between two or more persons at short range ( grappling distance or within the physical reach of a handheld weapon) that does not involve the use of ranged weapons . The phrase "hand-to-hand" sometimes include use of melee weapons such as knives , swords , clubs , spears , axes , or improvised weapons such as entrenching tools . While

2850-537: The dwindling of Protoculture population; they revoked the prime directive that banned Zentradi to attack the Supervision Army. This, however, made the war even more intense, and the Protoculture population sharply decreased; to avoid extinction, they seeded uninhabited planets by means of pantropy and avoided any conflict as much as possible. This action included the genetic engineering of homo sapiens on Earth by combining Protoculture genes with native genes;

2925-456: The end of Robotech's Macross Saga—a significant difference from the Macross continuity, where thousands of fleets on par with Dolza's said to exist. In Anime Classics Zettai! Brian Clamp and Julie Davis describe the Zentradi as "a parody of tendencies in human civilisation" and compare them to the Laputans from Gulliver's Travels . Macross Macross ( マクロス , Makurosu ) is

3000-409: The enemies' alphabet, machines and ships, while Haruhiko Mikimoto developed the Zentradi uniforms and the different alien characters. In the original Macross anime the Zentradi were created as a spacefaring race of giant humanoid proxy warriors by the first advanced humanoid civilization in the galaxy, the humanoid Protoculture , 497,500 years ago. They contributed greatly to the expansion of

3075-420: The galaxy and legions of expendable giant clone troops. After the end of the war with the Supervision Army, the Zentradi fleets travelled the galaxy in search of Supervision Army survivors until they encountered the human race, an event that caused Space War I (2009–2010). In order to better maintain control of the Zentradi, the Protoculture trained them only in the limited mix of skills which were necessary for

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3150-563: The human race, all members of the Zentradi race were artificially created through cloning . The idea of extraterrestrial humanoid enemies was first conceived by Shōji Kawamori , inspired by the trend of militaristic alien antagonists from previous science fiction shows like Space Battleship Yamato (1974). After the Studio Nue staff developed the final concept of what would become the Zentradi giant warrior race, artists Kazutaka Miyatake and Kawamori himself were in charge of designing

3225-477: The importance of formal training declined after 1918. By 1944 some German rifles were being produced without bayonet lugs. Close Quarters Combat (CQC), or World War II combatives , was largely codified by William Ewart Fairbairn and Eric Anthony Sykes . Also known for their eponymous Fairbairn–Sykes fighting knife , Fairbairn and Sykes had worked in the Shanghai Municipal Police of

3300-420: The international distribution rights for the Macross series and between 1999 and 2003 filed trademarks on the distribution of Macross merchandise and media outside of Japan. Harmony Gold's international distribution rights are under dispute however as they bought the rights from the Japanese company, Tatsunoko Production, which in a court ruling against companies, Studio Nue and Big West, was ruled to have only

3375-569: The latest Macross TV series, Macross Frontier , further expands on that concept by introducing fold faults or dislocations, which further retard fold travel and interfere with fold communications. Also explained in Macross Frontier are the limitations of space folding, such as the geometric increase in energy requirement with the mass of the object to be folded, which prevents very large objects from being folded with ease across vast distances. The act of entering Super Dimension space

3450-426: The male Zentradi for millennia. The movie also introduced the term "Meltlan" as the term for "female" in the Zentradi language (a language created for the movie). The corresponding term in the Zentradi language for "male" is "Zentran". The later series Macross 7 , incorporated the term "Meltlan" in its dialogue to refer to female Zentradi. The liner notes for the series explained the term was popularized among Humans by

3525-546: The mid-1980s, with Macross: Do You Remember Love? (1984) and Zeta Gundam (1985) in Japan, and with Robotech and Transformers in the West. Transformers went on to influence the Hollywood movie industry. In contrast to earlier mecha anime which focused on combatants, Macross portrayed mecha conflict from the perspective of non-combatant civilians, such as the singer Lynn Minmay . Voiced by Mari Iijima , Minmay

3600-485: The modern United Nations in order to defend Earth from a possible attack by hostile aliens , and was involved in Space War I against an extraterrestrial race called the Zentradi . Later operations of the U.N. Spacy expanded into interstellar colonization and general peacekeeping of off-world Earth settlements. The term "Spacy" is a portmanteau of the terms Space and Army or Navy . Some Japanese sources also use

3675-435: The most appropriate elements from a variety of martial arts experts, from China , Japan and elsewhere, he condensed these arts into a practical combat system he called Defendu . He and his police team went on to field test these skills on the streets of Shanghai; Fairbairn himself used his combat system effectively in over 2,000 documented encounters, including over 600 lethal-force engagements. The aim of his combat system

3750-520: The plot. According to official sources, the Protoculture was the first advanced humanoid race in the universe—advanced Protoculture civilization started 500,000 years ago—and is the creator of the Zentradi and homo sapiens . Phases of colonization resulted in the establishment of an "Interstellar Republic", (similar to a galactic empire ) which covers much of the Milky Way galaxy 2800 years after Protoculture civilization started (498,000 years ago). A civil war happened sixty years later, resulting in

3825-399: The reigning hegemony in near-Earth galactic space. The average Zentradi are five times the size of Earth Humans, but some of them use ancient miniaturizing cloning technology known as the micronization process ( マイクローン化 , maikurōn-ka ) to coexist with humanity. Many integrated into each other's population where many families became a mix of both Human and Zentradi individuals. Before

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3900-508: The rest, while some are even able to survive in the vacuum of space for limited amounts of time. This makes it possible for them to endure hand-to-hand combat against human mecha like the VF-1 Valkyrie . In the original Macross TV series the Zentradi possessed a fictional alien alphabet which was developed by Kazutaka Miyatake of the Studio Nue staff but their dialogue was automatically translated into Japanese language. However, in

3975-537: The restrictions imposed by civilian law , military rules of engagement , or ethical codes . Close combat using firearms or other distance weapons by military combatants at the tactical level is referred to in contemporary parlance as close-quarters battle . The United States Army uses the term combatives to describe various military fighting systems used in hand-to-hand combat training, systems which may incorporate eclectic techniques from several different martial arts and combat sports . Hand-to-hand combat

4050-880: The rights to the international distribution of The Super Dimension Fortress Macross and no legal claim to the rest of the franchise; those belonging to the latter companies. Harmony Gold claims that the case does not apply to them since it occurred in Japan and does not apply to the international distribution rights. Harmony Gold continued to re-affirm their claim to the international distribution through cease and desist letters, resulting in later Macross series not being distributed outside of Japan. On March 1, 2021, Big West, Studio Nue, and Harmony Gold came to an agreement. Harmony Gold would no longer hinder Big West's distribution of Macross properties outside Japan and Harmony Gold would be allowed to release their upcoming Robotech film in Japan. On March 18, 2024, Macross would be available via Disney+ for streaming worldwide (via

4125-445: The series and the spacecraft to be named Macbeth ( マクベス , Makubesu ) . A compromise was made with the title Macross ( マクロス , Makurosu ) due to its similar pronunciation to Macbeth in Japanese and because it still contained connotations to the original title. The word Macross comes from a wordplay combination of the prefix "macro" in reference to its massive size in comparison to human vehicles (though when compared with

4200-417: The soldier's particular role in the Zentradi military. It seems that no Zentradi were trained in the repair and maintenance of their equipment, making them dependent on easily controlled supply stations and factory asteroids. The Zentradi were also segregated so that males and females could not mix, which might lead to love and/or natural procreation. Male Zentradi are also called "Zentran", which means "male" in

4275-499: The technologically inferior but culturally and spiritually superior "Micronians" (humans) were able to reach the buried emotions of the Zentradi through terrestrial culture and humane actions, especially music and acts of love and kindness. After 2012, the Zentradi are estimated to have 1000–2000 fleets of sizes similar to the 4.8-million-ship Boddole Zer Main Fleet in Space War I. However, the UN government of allied Humans and Zentradi became

4350-413: The technology to create the mecha ( variable fighters and destroids), faster-than-light space fold drive for starships and other advanced technologies that the series features. The series title comes from the name of the main human spacecraft (which is usually shortened from Super Dimension Fortress Macross to "SDF-1" or The Macross as it is the first). The original name for the Macross project

4425-515: The term Space Army and some English-language sources use the term Space Navy , suggesting that the term is a contraction. The valkyrie fighter is one of a series of transformable aerospace fighters , primarily designed by franchise creator Shōji Kawamori and Kazutaka Miyatake . They are generally able to transform into jet/space fighters, Battroid (a humanoid robot) and a hybrid of the two modes, called Gerwalk (Ground Effective Reinforcement of Winged Armament with Locomotive Knee-joint). The VF-1

4500-472: The term "hand-to-hand combat" originally referred principally to engagements by combatants on the battlefield , it can also refer to any personal physical engagement by two or more people, including law enforcement officers , civilians , and criminals . Combat within close quarters, to a range just beyond grappling distance, is commonly termed close combat or close-quarters combat. It may include lethal and non-lethal weapons and methods depending upon

4575-453: The third Macross TV series, Macross Frontier (2059), the Zentradi are shown to live among humans in both macronized (giant) and micronized (human sized) form in the outer space colonies. This includes having Zentradi sized buildings and facilities, including shopping malls with similarly sized products. They also seem to change sizes at will using the cloning technology described before. In the new series, some Zentradi-Human hybrids also share

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4650-464: The two depictions of Space War I: "The real Macross is out there, somewhere. If I tell the story in the length of a TV series, it looks one way, and if I tell it as a movie-length story, it's organized another way." (An edited, English-dubbed version of the feature was also released to video as Clash of the Bionoids .) Macross II , the only animated project without Studio Nue's direct involvement,

4725-657: The war, training was provided to British Commandos , the Devil's Brigade , OSS , U.S. Army Rangers and Marine Raiders . Other combat systems designed for military combat were introduced elsewhere, including European Unifight , Soviet/Russian Sambo , Army hand-to-hand fight , Chinese military Sanshou / Sanda , Israeli Kapap and Krav Maga . The prevalence and style of hand-to-hand combat training often changes based on perceived need. Elite units such as special forces and commando units tend to place higher emphasis on hand-to-hand combat training. Although hand-to-hand fighting

4800-428: Was Battle City Megarōdo (or Battle City Megaroad , as the Japanese transliteration to either "L" or "R" gives the title a double meaning in reference to the story line: Megaload , referring to the spacecraft containing an entire city of people; and Megaroad , referring to the long journey through space back to Earth); however, one of the sponsors of the project, Big West Advertising, was a fan of Shakespeare and wanted

4875-558: Was accorded less importance in major militaries after World War II , insurgency conflicts such as the Vietnam War , low intensity conflict and urban warfare have prompted many armies to pay more attention to this form of combat. When such fighting includes firearms designed for close-in fighting, it is often referred to as Close Quarters Battle (CQB) at the platoon or squad level, or Military Operations on Urban Terrain (MOUT) at higher tactical levels. A 2023 study using data from

4950-578: Was adopted for use by British and American Special Forces . In 1942, he published a textbook for close quarters combat training called Get Tough . U.S. Army officers Rex Applegate and Anthony Biddle were taught Fairbairn's methods at a training facility in Scotland , and adopted the program for the training of OSS operatives at a newly opened camp near Lake Ontario in Canada . Applegate published his work in 1943, called Kill or Get Killed . During

5025-425: Was announced just after the ending of the new TV animated series. The Kanto area rerun of the Macross Frontier anime television series during early 2014 in Japan ended with a teaser announcement that a new Macross TV series is in the works, and later in the year was tentatively titled Macross Δ (Delta) . Just like for Macross Frontier , a casting call was held for the series' main singer who also became part of

5100-505: Was brought back to Britain, and, after demonstrating the effectiveness of his techniques, was recruited to train the British commandos in his combat method. During this period, he expanded his 'Shanghai Method' into the 'Silent Killing Close Quarters Combat method' for military application. This became standard combat training for all British Special Operations personnel. He also designed the pioneering Fairbairn–Sykes fighting knife , which

5175-407: Was declared by Studio Nue to be a parallel-world story. In March 2007, Studio Victor placed a casting call for a voice actress to play the heroine Ranka Lee , in a then untitled new Macross series. Eighteen-year-old Megumi Nakajima selected in the nationwide singing and acting audition for the role of Ranka Lee in Japan. The project was given the tentative title of Macross 25 . Later, as part of

5250-567: Was influential in the Western world, helping to introduce the anime medium to North America. Macross popularized the concept of transforming mecha , which can transform between a standard vehicle (such as a fighter plane or transport truck) and a fighting mecha robot. Shōji Kawamori introduced the concept with Diaclone in 1980 and then popularized it with Macross . Kawamori then went on to design transforming mecha for Transformers (1986). The transforming mecha concept became popular in

5325-415: Was released in 1984, with a condensed version of the storyline and cutting-edge animation. This movie was later described as a "historical drama" movie within the Macross universe (similar to World War II films in the real world). In Macross Plus and Macross 7 , it is revealed that there was a movie produced after Space War I (the original Earth-Zentradi conflict). Kawamori described the relation between

5400-484: Was simply to be as brutally effective as possible. It was also a system that, unlike traditional Eastern martial-arts that required years of intensive training, could be digested by recruits relatively quickly. The method incorporated training in point shooting and gun combat techniques, as well as the effective use of more ad hoc weapons such as chairs or table legs. During the Second World War , Fairbairn

5475-517: Was specifically named "Valkyrie", but all of the jet fighter craft have generically been referred to as such in the series since then. Music is integral part to almost every Macross title by having significances in a series' antagonists behavior towards it. Music idols also play a central role to various Macross stories. Often, the protagonist will be involved in a love triangle with a series' music idol; most notably, Lynn Minmay . Space folding permits nearly-instantaneous ultra-long distance travel:

5550-486: Was the boss and commanding officer of the fighter pilot protagonist Hikaru Ichijyo , and later his love interest. This was a scenario Kawamori came up with which he had not seen in any Hollywood movies before. A similar scenario, however, later appeared in the Hollywood movie Top Gun (1986). According to Kawamori, "Many people pointed out that later films like Top Gun copied that idea and setting, as well as including

5625-557: Was the first fictional idol singer to garner major real-world success, with the theme song "Do You Remember Love?" (from the film Macross: Do You Remember Love? ) reaching number seven on the Oricon music charts in Japan. This was later further explored in Macross Plus with the virtual idol Sharon Apple , an artificial intelligence (AI) computer program who takes the form of an intergalactic pop star , and in Macross 7 with

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