Guiyang Miao , also known as Guiyang Hmong , is a Miao language of China . It is named after Guiyang , Guizhou , though not all varieties are spoken there. The endonym is Hmong , a name it shares with the Hmong language .
22-614: Guiyang was given as a subgroup of Western Hmongic in Wang (1985). Matisoff (2001) separated the three varieties as distinct Miao languages, not forming a group. Wang (1994) adds another two minor, previously unclassified varieties. Mo Piu , spoken in northern Vietnam , may be a divergent variety of Guiyang Miao. Representative dialects of Guiyang Miao include: Below is a list of Miao dialects and their respective speaker populations and distributions from Li (2018), along with representative datapoints from Wang (1985). According to Sun (2017),
44-951: A major branch of the Hmongic languages of China and Southeast Asia. The name Chuanqiandian is used both for West Hmongic as a whole and for one of its branches, the Chuanqiandian cluster . Autonyms include: West Hmongic is the most diverse branch of the Hmong (Miao) language family. There are nine primary branches in Chinese sources, though the unity of these are not accepted in all Western sources. Items marked have been split into individual languages (and not kept together) by either Matisoff or Strecker; all of these are branches of Miao listed with subbranches in Chinese sources. The other three (A-Hmao, A-Hmyo, Gejia) are not so divided in either Chinese or Western sources. The three divisions of
66-603: A scholar of Japanese literature , when the two shared a Japanese class. He received two degrees from Harvard: an AB in Romance Languages and Literatures (1958) and an AM in French Literature (1959). He then studied Japanese at International Christian University from 1960 to 1961. He did his doctoral studies in linguistics at the University of California, Berkeley , where Mary Haas , co-founder of
88-592: Is an American linguist. He is a professor emeritus of linguistics at the University of California, Berkeley . He is a noted authority on Tibeto-Burman languages and other languages of mainland Southeast Asia . Matisoff was born July 14, 1937, in Boston , Massachusetts , to a working-class family of Eastern European Jewish origins. His father, a fish seller, was an immigrant from a town near Minsk , Byelorussian SSR (now Belarus ). He attended Harvard from 1954 to 1959, where he met his wife, Susan Matisoff, later
110-731: Is based on Michael Johnson's 1998 classification of Western Miao dialects. The Miao languages were traditionally written with various adaptations of Chinese characters . Around 1905, Sam Pollard introduced a Romanized script for the A-Hmao language , and this came to be used for Hmong Daw (Chuanqiandian) as well. In the United States , the Romanized Popular Alphabet is often used for White and Green Hmong (also Chuanqiandian). In China, pinyin -based Latin alphabets have been devised for Chuanqiandian—specifically
132-609: Is notable both for its depth of detail and the theoretical eclecticism which informed his description of the language. He later published an extensive dictionary of Lahu (1988) and a corresponding English-Lahu lexicon (2006). After four years teaching at Columbia University (1966–1969), Matisoff accepted a professorship at Berkeley . At Berkeley, his research has encompassed a wide range of topics, from historical and comparative linguistics to tonal phenomena, variational semantics, language contact , Yiddish , and Tibeto-Burman morphosyntax. Before his retirement, he taught classes on
154-547: Is repeated in Wu and Yang (2010): The varieties analyzed by Li Yunbing (2000) are: Li (2000) considers Raojia ( /qɑ24 ʑuɤ24/ ) of Heba 河坝, Majiang County , to be a separate dialect of Hmu (East Hmongic). It has 5,000 speakers in Majiang County, and 10,000 speakers total. Bu–Nao was not included because the speakers are classified by the Chinese government as ethnically Yao rather than Miao. James Matisoff outlined
176-515: The Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) project, an historical linguistics project aimed at producing an etymological dictionary of Sino-Tibetan organized by semantic field. The project maintains a large, publicly accessible lexical database of nearly one million records with data on Sino-Tibetan languages from over 500 sources. This database is used to identify and mark cognates for
198-537: The Chuanqiandian cluster are only as divergent as the divisions of the other branches marked , but are listed separately due to the internal complexity of Hmong. The various varieties of Pingtang, new branches of Guiyang and Mashan, and Matisoff's Raojia and Pa Na are not listed in Ethnologue 16 and have no ISO codes. Matisoff (2006) gives very different names, and it's not clear how these correspond to
220-561: The Hmong dialects of Wenshan Prefecture , Yunnan, into four subdivisions, listed from east to west. The dialects given above are named after the groups they are spoken by. Castro, Flaming & Luo (2012) found that there are 4 different West Hmongic languages in Honghe Prefecture , Yunnan. Castro, Flaming & Luo (2012) propose the following classification for the Western Miao dialects of southeastern Yunnan, which
242-540: The Linguistics of Southeast Asia, Tibeto-Burman Linguistics, Historical Semantics, Morphology, and Field Methods. In Field Methods, graduate students learn the methods of language description through eliciting data from a native speaker. The languages studied in Matisoff’s field methods classes in different years include: Lai Chin , Sherpa , and Uighur , among numerous others. He edited the journal Linguistics of
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#1732776780333264-623: The Tibeto-Burman Area for many years (subsequently edited by his student Randy LaPolla , then by LaPolla's student Alec Coupe). Matisoff participated in establishing the International Conference on Sino-Tibetan Languages and Linguistics (abbreviated ICSTLL), an annual conference held since 1968. Matisoff has coined a number of terms used in linguistics, including tonogenesis , rhinoglottophilia , Sinosphere and Indosphere , Cheshirisation , which refers to
286-750: The Western Miao languages into eight primary divisions. Datapoint locations of representative dialects are from Li Yunbing (2000:237), all of which are located in Guizhou province, China. The above classification was later revised by Li Jinping & Li Tianyi (2012:285) to include 7 dialects instead of the 8 given by Wang; Pingtang Miao is excluded. Li Yunbing classified those varieties left unclassified by Wang, grouping four of them together as an eighth branch of West Hmongic, Pingtang . He identified Luodian Muyin and Wangmo (using Strecker's names) as varieties of Mashan . Wang (1994) had already established Qianxi and Ziyun as varieties of Guiyang. This classification
308-474: The branches listed here. Wang Fushi, summarized in English by David Strecker, emphasized the diversity of Western Hmongic. The names below are from Strecker; Wang did not assign names, but identified the districts where the varieties were spoken. These are not all established as unitary branches, however. In a follow-up, Strecker broke up Bu–Nao on the basis of newly accessible data, and noted that several of
330-568: The department, was then chair. Haas had been a student of Edward Sapir while at University of Chicago and Yale University , and through her own extensive research in descriptive and documentary linguistics had become a specialist in Native American languages and an authority on Thai . Haas was instrumental in Matisoff's decision to research a language of mainland Southeast Asia for his dissertation. Matisoff's doctoral dissertation
352-609: The following in 2001. Not all languages are necessarily listed. David Mortensen argues for the following classification of Western Hmongic based on shared tonal innovations, including tone sandhi . Pingtang , Luobohe , and Chong'anjiang are not addressed. Martha Ratliff includes three languages specifically: The last contradicts Matisoff (2001), who had posited a Bunu branch of Hmongic with Bu–Nao in it, but recapitulates Strecker (1987). The other Western varieties are not addressed, though some are included in her reconstruction of Proto-Hmong–Mien . Andy Castro and Gu Chawen divide
374-577: The languages listed by Wang (marked "?" above) were unclassified due to lack of data and had not been demonstrated to be West Hmongic. The other groups are then listed as unclassified within Hmongic, and not specifically West Hmongic. However, Wang (1994) identified two as varieties of Guiyang. The eight unclassified languages are all spoken in a small area of south-central Guizhou, along with Guiyang, Huishui, Mashan, and Luobo River Miao. These were later addressed by Li Yunbing (2000). Wang Fushi later grouped
396-423: The northern dialect of Guiyang Miao is spoken in the following locations by a total of approximately 60,000 speakers. This Hmong–Mien-languages -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Western Hmongic The West Hmongic languages, also known as Chuanqiandian Miao ( Chinese : 川黔滇苗 ; lit. ' Sichuan – Guizhou – Yunnan Miao') and Western Miao , are
418-681: The purposes of better understanding the historical development of the Sino-Tibetan language family and the subgroupings of the languages therein, and to reconstruct the theoretical proto-language of the language family, Proto-Sino-Tibetan. Matisoff has authored two monographs so far presenting results from the STEDT project: The Tibeto-Burman Reproductive System: Toward an Etymological Thesaurus (2008) and The Handbook of Proto-Tibeto-Burman (2003, 800 p.). Although Matisoff retired from Berkeley in 2002, he continues to publish extensively and
440-662: The trace remains of an otherwise disappeared sound in a word, and sesquisyllabic to describe the iambic stress pattern of words in languages spoken in Southeast Asia, such as the Mon–Khmer languages. In a 1990 paper criticizing Joseph Greenberg 's tendency to lump when classifying languages , Matisoff humorously coined the term columbicubiculomania (from columbi + cubiculo + mania ), which he defined as "a compulsion to stick things into pigeonholes , to leave nothing unclassified ." In 1987, Matisoff began
462-552: The variety of Dananshan ( 大南山 ), Yanzikou Town ( 燕子口镇 ), Bijie —and A-Hmao. Wu and Yang (2010) report attempts at writing Mashan in 1985 and an improvement by them; they recommend that standards should be developed for each of the six other primary varieties of West Hmongic. James Matisoff James Alan Matisoff ( simplified Chinese : 马蒂索夫 ; traditional Chinese : 馬蒂索夫 ; pinyin : Mǎdìsuǒfū or simplified Chinese : 马提索夫 ; traditional Chinese : 馬提索夫 ; pinyin : Mǎtísuǒfū ; born July 14, 1937)
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#1732776780333484-528: Was a grammar of the Lahu language , a Tibeto-Burman language belonging to the Loloish branch of the family. He spent a year in northern Thailand doing field work on Lahu during his graduate studies with support from a Fulbright-Hays Fellowship . He completed his PhD in Linguistics in 1967, and made several field studies thereafter through an American Council of Learned Societies fellowship. His Grammar of Lahu
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