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65-428: 48°23′0″N 18°23′51″E  /  48.38333°N 18.39750°E  / 48.38333; 18.39750 This Nitra Region geography article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Nitra Region The Nitra Region ( Slovak : Nitriansky kraj , pronounced [ˈɲitrɪɐnski ˈkraj] ; Hungarian : Nyitrai kerület ) is one of the administrative regions of Slovakia . It

130-577: A Christian country . In 2019, Fico expressed his sympathy for the Member of the National Council of the neo-Nazi People's Party Our Slovakia Milan Mazurek , who was convicted of the intentional crime of defaming a nation, race or belief. In 2022, Smer criticized the proposal for a comprehensive compensatory social benefit for people in need, interpreting it as buying Roma votes before local and regional elections . Fico's rhetoric towards

195-673: A Democratic Slovakia (HZDS) and the SNS, an extremist nationalist party. The coalition was described as "anti-market left" and "Slovak national", given its socioeconomically left-wing but also nationalist policies. On 12 October 2006, the party was temporarily suspended from membership in the PES. The resolution to suspend the party referred specifically to the PES Declaration "For a modern, pluralist and tolerant Europe", adopted in Berlin by

260-756: A coalition government with the Slovak National Party . After the 2024 European Parliament election , Smer unsuccessfully sought to rejoin the S&;D group. Smer subsequently declined to join the Fidesz -led Patriots for Europe group, stating that it would not join a non-leftist group. In September 2024, Smer began negotiations with two other parties in the Non-Inscrits , the German Bündnis Sahra Wagenknecht and

325-464: A coalition with the extreme right is unacceptable." The party was readmitted on 14 February 2008 after its chairman Fico and SNS leader Jan Slota pledged in a letter to respect European values, human rights, and all ethnic minorities. Although the party won the most votes in the 2010 Slovak parliamentary election , with a lead of 20% over the second-place Slovak Democratic and Christian Union – Democratic Party (SDKÚ), they had not been able to form

390-505: A coalition with the nationalist Slovak National Party (SNS) and was readmitted into the Party of European Socialists (PES) in 2008. It later formed another coalition with the SNS in 2016. In the 2006 Slovak parliamentary election , the party won 29.1% of the popular vote and 50 of 150 seats. Following that election, Smer formed a coalition government with the People's Party – Movement for

455-497: A constitutional ban on same-sex civil unions , marriages as well as adoptions . It opposes the allocation of state subsidies to LGBT rights organizations . In 2022, 21 out of 27 Smer deputies in the National Council voted for a bill prohibiting the display of the rainbow flags on public buildings while the remaining 6 were absent. During the 2015 European migrant crisis , party's leader Robert Fico stated that

520-521: A deterioration of the rule of law in Slovakia. After the 2020 parliamentary election (Smer's return to the opposition), Slovak authorities investigated a number of corruption-related crimes involving multiple Smer politicians and individuals reportedly linked to the party, with a total of 42 of them being convicted. At the party congress in July 2020, following a major internal split (which resulted in

585-552: A government because of losses sustained by their coalition partners. Their result, 34.8%, gave them 62 of 150 seats in the National Council, but the HZDS failed to cross the 5% threshold, losing all their seats, and the SNS was reduced to nine seats. The four opposition centre-right parties (the Christian Democratic Movement , Freedom and Solidarity , Bridge , and SDKÚ) were able to form a new government. In

650-412: A photograph on Facebook depicting himself alongside Fico, with the former holding a red star bearing a hammer and sickle motif. The star was a birthday gift presented to Blaha by Fico. Since the 2020 parliamentary election – Smer's return to the opposition, Slovak authorities have been investigating a number of corruption-related crimes. By August 2023, a total of 42 individuals reportedly linked to

715-768: A portrait of Argentine Marxist revolutionary Che Guevara , hanging the Flag of Europe . In his speech at the Smer-organized commemoration of the anniversary of the Slovak National Uprising in August 2023, Blaha addressed the crowd as " comrades " and stated, "The basic historical truth is that war and fascism have always come from the West and freedom and peace from the East." In December 2019, Blaha shared

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780-617: A somewhat different line on Ukraine than during his election campaign. During a meeting with Ukrainian Prime Minister Denys Shmyhal in January 2024, Fico promised not to block private Slovak arms companies from selling to Ukraine, not to block EU financial support for Ukraine, and to support the accession of Ukraine to the European Union . He described Slovakia's political differences with Ukraine as "minor" and claimed to support Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity. In

845-433: Is Milan Belica ( Smer-SD ). He won with 34,1 %. In election 2017 was elected also regional parliament: In governor's elections won Milan Belica ( Smer–SD ) over many another candidates. In governor's elections won Milan Belica ( Smer–SD ) over centre-right candidate Tomáš Galbavý ( SDKÚ–DS ), who was supported by SaS , OKS , NOVA , Most–Híd , SMK-MKP . In governor's elections won Milan Belica ( Smer–SD ), who

910-551: Is a left-wing nationalist and left-wing populist political party in Slovakia led by the incumbent prime minister Robert Fico . The party identifies as social-democratic , and was described as a combination of "leftist economics and nationalist appeal". Founded by Fico in 1999 as a split from the post-communist Party of the Democratic Left , Smer initially defined itself as the Third Way party. It adopted

975-534: Is a social-democratic party (thus matching its self-identification), but one with very strong nationalist and populist elements that also include aspects of social conservatism. Tim Haughton states that the party "conveys both a Slovak version of social democracy and a stronger national emphasis"; he also stressed that the party cannot be seen as right-wing or far-right, but rather as one that combines "leftist economics and nationalist appeal". Smer advocates economically left-wing policies. The main economic proposals of

1040-514: Is considered a centre-left and a left-wing party. Additionally, it has also been variously described as anti-establishment , nationalist , left-authoritarian, populist , centrist populist, social populist , left-wing populist , and national populist . The party has been recognised as diverging from the typical Western European social-democratic tradition due to its rejection of postmaterial values. Slovak political scientists Grigorij Mesežnikov and Oľga Gyárfášová argue that Smer

1105-402: Is necessary to improve the socioeconomic conditions of Slovak citizens. The party presents its economic policies as being "social" and "pro-ordinary people", and its proposals also included the introduction of differential VAT rates, replacement of flat income tax rate with a progressive one that would tax the lower-income groups much less and reduction of excise duty on fuel oils. In regards to

1170-582: Is now a cooperating defendant. Imrecze, also a cooperating defendant, stated that the total amount of bribes involved was €1,100,000. The indictment was also based on the statements of other high-ranking officials, now cooperating defendants: the former director of the Criminal Office of the Financial Administration, Ľudovít Makó, and the former director general of the tax and customs administration section, Daniel Čech. In June 2023,

1235-414: The 2012 Slovak parliamentary election , Smer won 44.4% of the votes and became the largest party in the National Council, with an absolute majority of 83 seats (out of 150). Fico's Second Cabinet was the first single-party government in Slovakia since 1993. In the 2014 European Parliament election in Slovakia , Smer came in first place nationally, receiving 24.09% of the vote and electing four Members of

1300-647: The Russo-Ukrainian War , Smer calls for an end to military aid to Ukraine as well as to sanctions against Russia . It interprets the Russian invasion of Ukraine as a proxy war between the US and Russia , with the latter "dealing with threats to its national interests". The party declares that the conflict was provoked in 2014 by "the extermination of citizens of Russian nationality by Ukrainian fascists". However, since his return to power, Fico has taken

1365-596: The Second World War , imprisoned as a bourgeois nationalist in the 1950s to emerge as a key figure in the normalization process in Czechoslovakia – a return to strict Communist Party control and the suppression of political liberalization following the Warsaw Pact invasion in 1968 . In November 2023, Blaha replaced a portrait of President Zuzana Čaputová in his parliamentary office with

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1430-663: The 2000s, the party opposed the Iraq War and the War in Afghanistan , and organized the withdrawal of 110 Slovak soldiers that were deployed in Iraq. In its foreign policy manifesto, Smer calls for understanding with countries "with a form of government other than parliamentary democracy ", referring to China and Vietnam . During his premiership, party's leader Robert Fico praised the political systems of both countries, describing

1495-517: The Czech Stačilo! , on establishing cooperation between left-wing conservative parties. SMER is considered an example of a left-conservative party. It encompasses socially conservative and nationalist elements, such as "emphasising Slovak folk traditions, mythicalising the nation's history, offering open and pragmatic support from its chairman Robert Fico to the Catholic bishops, and rejecting

1560-472: The European Parliament . Despite suffering a significant loss in support as a result of strikes by teachers and nurses earlier in the year, Smer won the 5 March 2016 parliamentary election with 28.3% of the vote and 49 of 150 seats, and subsequently formed Fico's Third Cabinet in a coalition government with Bridge, Network , and the Slovak National Party . Prime Minister Fico resigned in

1625-453: The PES congress in 2001, which states that "all PES parties adhere to the following principles ... [and] to refrain from any form of political alliance or co-operation at all levels with any political party which incites or attempts to stir up racial or ethnic prejudices and racial hatred." In The Slovak Spectator , the PES chairman Poul Nyrup Rasmussen commented: "Most of our members stood solidly behind our values, according to which forming

1690-552: The President of the Financial Administration at the time. In return for the alleged bribery, Imrecze facilitated the passing of information regarding entities scheduled for corporate income tax audits and ensured the fulfillment of requirements for filling positions within the Financial Administration with specific individuals recommended by Brhel. In one instance, the Financial Administration then awarded substantial IT contracts to Michal Suchoba's company, Allexis, while Suchoba himself

1755-517: The Romani people in Slovakia is considered hostile, stating that the Romani people in Slovakia drain the social system. In 2023, Fico called for the approval of a law concerning NGOs , according to which non-governmental organizations with foreign funding should be labeled as foreign agents . During the COVID-19 pandemic , the party opposed vaccinations and restrictive measures. It opposed

1820-494: The Slovak healthcare system, the party advocated a ban of manipulation feels as well as a halt to the privatization of public health system. Smer also made pledges to cancel payment of tuition fees for regular university sutudents and establishing a dynamic minimum wage that would be fixed to the 60% of average salary. The party is highly critical of other slovak parties, accusing them of implementing "anti-social" policies that neglect

1885-433: The Slovak one as clumsy and uncompetitive in comparison. In 2007, Fico made an official state visit to the then leader of Libya, Muammar Gaddafi , "discussing the fight against world imperialism" (citing Fico). In October 2023, Smer was suspended from the Party of European Socialists (PES) and the affiliated Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats (S&D) European Parliament group., following its formation of

1950-483: The Smer parliamentary group after criticism from his own ranks. As early as April 2020, party vice-chairman Pellegrini announced his ambition to run for party chairman as Smer's most popular politician, winning 170,000 more votes than the chairman. Fico reacted strongly, saying that he did not intend to resign and wanted to remain at the head of the party, while Pellegrini gradually began to tighten his criticism of Fico and

2015-764: The Ukrainian government is run by neo-Nazis. In December 2023, the Fourth Cabinet of Robert Fico introduced an amendment to the Criminal Code. The government proposed that the bill be debated in a fast-track legislative procedure, arguing that the status quo leads to human rights violations. The amendment included scrapping the Special Prosecutor's Office dealing with high-level corruption and lowering penalties for financial crimes. The fast-track legislative procedure faced widespread criticism from

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2080-635: The Years 2020–2023' published by the Ministry of Justice led by Boris Susko of Smer in December 2023. In March 2023, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Defense , Robert Kaliňák , who previously served as Minister of Interior , and businessman Jozef Brhel were formally indicted with bribery. Kaliňák was identified as the intermediary in a bribery scheme involving an annual sum of €200,000, purportedly arranged by Brhel for František Imrecze, who served as

2145-648: The chairman of the Fico parliamentary group, became the vice-chairman of the National Council for the Opposition on the basis of post-election negotiations. In May 2020, two deputies for Smer ( Ján Podmanický and Marián Kéry ) founded a value policy platform with deputies from KDŽP, elected as a candidate of the Kotlebists – People's Party Our Slovakia . Because of this, Pellegrini sharply criticized them, while Fico defended Podmanický. In May 2020, Podmanický also left

2210-460: The coalition parties, including the bill's rapporteur, MP Tibor Gašpar of Smer, could be directly affected by the proposed lowering of penalties. Additionally, their cases are overseen by the Special Prosecutor's Office, which the amendment would abolish. The coalition government introduced the amendment, citing the need to shift towards a rehabilitative approach to justice, update the criminal code, and align with European Union standards. Proponent of

2275-491: The creation of a new social-democratic party at the press conference, which they would join. Political scientist Grigory Mesezhnikov postulated that after the departure of the Pellegrini group, the Smer could move further to the left into the spectrum of the radical to communist left. As Smer won the parliamentary election held on 30 September 2023 with 23% of the vote and 42 seats in the National Council , Robert Fico ,

2340-612: The eastern part of the Danubian Lowland . It is divided into two sub-units: the Danubian Flat in the south-west, with eastern part of the Žitný ostrov island, and the Danubian Hills in the north, centre and east. Mountain ranges reaching into the region are: Považský Inovec in the north-west, where the region's highest point, Veľký Inovec , is located, Tribeč in the north from Nitra, Pohronský Inovec in

2405-685: The epithet Social Democracy after merging with several minor centre-left parties in 2005. It has dominated Slovak politics since 2006, leading three coalition governments ( 2006–2010 , 2016–2020 , 2023–present ) and one single-party government ( 2012–2016 ). During its rule in charge it continued the European integration of Slovakia, lifted some economic-liberal reforms of the previous centre-right governments and introduced various social welfare measures. Smer-led populist governments have been associated with numerous political corruption scandals, and have been accused by opponents to have resulted in

2470-632: The fears of international corporations and financial groups that literally govern this country and now they have understood that once our program is implemented, the gold rush in Slovakia will be over." This reveals a highly nationalist orientation of the party. Smer holds Russophilic and Eurosceptic stances on foreign policy; however, it claims to support Slovakia's membership in the European Union and NATO . The party expresses strong anti-Western , especially anti-American sentiment , often spreading Russian propaganda narratives. Regarding

2535-400: The foundation of its political profile and advocates government's strong role in a number of areas" and called its economic policy "etatist paternalism", while also arguing that the party also represents "socio-economic policies based on social-democratic values". Robert Fico, the leader of the party, argued that the government should be "the father of all citizens" and stated that a strong state

2600-439: The founding of a new party named Voice – Social Democracy , also known as Hlas–SD), Fico announced a shift to "the rustic social democracy that perceives the specifics of Slovak reality". Post-2020 Smer holds stances that have been described as nationalist , populist and Russophilic . The party is considered an example of a left-authoritarian party - a left-wing party with socially conservative stances. In 2023 , Smer won

2665-520: The government monitors every single Muslim who is on the territory of the Slovak Republic. In 2016, Fico declared that Islam has no place in Slovakia. He challenged multiculturalism and called for the preservation of the country's traditions and identity. In 2021, Fico called on political scientist Jozef Lenč of the Muslim faith, commenting on Smer, not to work as a political scientist in

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2730-500: The greeting "Greetings, comrades! Honor work!" In January 2024, Prime Minister and party chairman Robert Fico and Deputy Speaker of the National Council and party vice-chairman Ľuboš Blaha visited the grave of Gustav Husák , the last communist president of the Czechoslovakia , to pay their respects. Husák, a highly controversial figure, was one of the leading figures of the Slovak National Uprising during

2795-626: The law instead of vetoing it, she wants to create enough time for the Constitutional Court to decide on her submission challenging the constitutionality of the law. As of February 2024, the Constitutional Court is expected to make its decision following the publication of the law in the collection of laws by the Ministry of Justice. Direction – Social Democracy has been recognised as a social-democratic party, and

2860-521: The law, the Ministry of Justice led by Boris Susko of Smer published the brochure 'Overview of Violations of the Principles of the Rule of Law in the Years 2020–2023.' The amendment was finally approved by the National Council on 8 February 2024. The final proposal also included a reduction of the statute of limitations in rape cases from 20 to 10 years, which again caused widespread criticism from

2925-437: The new Pellegrini party, while those saying they would vote for the original Smer remained at 9.6%. At a press conference one week following the announcement of Pellegrini's departure, another 10 deputies announced they would leave the party, including Vice-presidents Peter Žiga and Richard Raši , Bureau member Denisa Saková and long-standing deputies and party members. At the same time, together with Pellegrini, they announced

2990-482: The north-east and Štiavnické vrchy in the east. Major rivers are the Danube in the south, Váh in the south-west, Nitra in the western-central part, Hron in the east and Ipeľ in the south-east. As for administrative divisions, the region borders Trenčín Region in the north, Banská Bystrica Region in the east, Hungarian Pest in the south-east, Komárom-Esztergom in the south, and Győr-Moson-Sopron county in

3055-510: The parliamentary election with 23% of the vote and 42 seats in the National Council and subsequently formed the Fourth cabinet of Robert Fico . Originally named Direction ( Slovak : Smer ), the party was founded on 8 November 1999, emerging as a breakaway from the post-Communist Party of the Democratic Left (SDĽ), the successor of the original Communist Party of Slovakia and the governing party from 1998 to 2002. Under Robert Fico , at

3120-508: The parliamentary opposition, President Zuzana Čaputová , the European Commission and non-governmental organizations, resulting in a weeks-long opposition parliamentary obstruction and a series of demonstrations. Critics have raised questions about potential conflicts of interest within the government coalition. They have noted that various individuals with perceived affiliations to the government, alongside accused members of

3185-469: The parliamentary opposition, President Zuzana Čaputová and non-governmental organizations. The government defended the reduction of the limitation period by motivating victims to report rape earlier, possibly allowing a return to the 20-year limitation period in the next amendment after the approval of the law. President Zuzana Čaputová signed the law on 16 February, verbally clearly expressing her opposition to its content. The President argued that by signing

3250-496: The party focus on the establishment of a welfare state and supporting the poorest groups of Slovakia. Many of the party's socioeconomic policies, such as free travel for pensioners and pension increases are considered typically left-wing populist. The party also promotes redistributive policies, such as corporate tax increases and income tax hikes for the highest earners. Smer also adheres to economic nationalism ; Grigorij Mesežnikov noted that "Smer openly subscribes to etatism as

3315-445: The party in the near future. He also outlined the establishment of a new party, Voice – Social Democracy (Hlas–SD), which he said should be social democratic, but refuse to be liberal. Around that time, Fico had already offered Pellegrini the position of party chairman, provided that he maintained his influence in the party, an offer which was rejected by Pellegrini. In the first FOCUS survey, 21.4% of respondents said they would vote for

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3380-436: The party promoted itself as one willing to ban or limit the service fees of Slovak banks. In regards to Slovak banks, Robert Fico said: "The banks operating in Slovakia must realize that they operate on the territory of a sovereign state, which must use all available means to bring a pressure to bear on the banking sector." In response to criticism of his remarks, Fico also argued that the political opponents of Smer are "conveying

3445-513: The party's leader was given a mandate to form a government. The Fourth cabinet of Robert Fico comprising Smer, Voice – Social Democracy (Hlas–SD) and the Slovak National Party (SNS) sworn in on 25 October 2023. Fico has promised to cut all aid to Ukraine as a result of the Russian Invasion of Ukraine , and has promised to block Ukrainian accession to NATO should the subject be broached under his tenure. Fico has also stated that

3510-528: The party's situation. Pellegrini criticized the fact that the party's presidency had not met since the election and the date of the parliament was unknown. Pellegrini demanded that the assembly be held as soon as possible, while Fico insisted that the nomination assembly take place only at a ceremonial assembly in December 2020. At a June 2020 press conference in Banská Bystrica, Pellegrini announced that he would resign as vice-chairman of Smer and leave

3575-468: The party, including policemen, prosecutors, judges, members of the Slovak intelligence agency , politicians, officials, and businessmen were convicted. The party strongly rejects all charges, calling it criminalization of politics . Numerous criticisms of the investigation process and the Special Prosecutor's Office were outlined in the brochure 'Overview of Violations of the Principles of the Rule of Law in

3640-644: The party. In 2005, the party absorbed the SDĽ and the Social Democratic Alternative , a small social democratic party that split from the original SDĽ somewhat later than Direction did, in addition to the Social Democratic Party of Slovakia . Founded in 1990, the party became known for the leadership of Alexander Dubček , and Direction adopted the epithet Social Democracy. Following the party's victory in 2006, Smer entered into

3705-559: The poor while benefitting the rich. Robert Fico argued that the neoliberal economic policy of the Mikuláš Dzurinda threw Slovakia "back to the 1930s". In its economic rhetoric, SMER also frequently attacks monopolies, arguing that the increase in gas prices is caused by the "ruthless pricing policy of monopolies" that are "raking in exorbitant profits". The party is also critical of the banking industry, stating that Slovak banks tend to collect unfairly high service fees from their client;

3770-576: The ratification of the Istanbul Convention in Slovakia. Following a major internal split in June 2020 (which resulted in the founding of a new party named Voice – Social Democracy , also known as Hlas–SD), the party began to radicalize its rhetoric, including expressing nostalgia for the prior communist state . The party politicians utilize slogans reminiscent of the communist era, such as "Loiterers from cafes, to fields and factories" and

3835-557: The rights of non-heterosexual minorities". The party holds socially conservative views on social issues with a record of anti-LGBT , anti-Romani , Islamophobic , anti-immigration and sexist statements. It proclaims its strong opposition to liberalism and progressivism , advocating traditional family values and running for the patriotic electorate. Party's leading politicians spread disinformation and conspiracy theories , including antisemitic George Soros conspiracy theories . Regarding LGBT rights , it calls for

3900-437: The south-west and Trnava Region in the west. The population density in the region is 106/km (270/sq mi) (2020-06-30/-07-01), which is very similar to the country's average (110 per km ). The largest towns are Nitra , Komárno , Nové Zámky and Levice . According to the 2001 census, there were 713,422 inhabitants in the region, with a majority of Slovaks (68.3%), but there is a numerous Hungarian minority (27.6%) in

3965-800: The southern districts, forming a majority in the Komárno District (72%) and there are small minorities of Czechs and Roma (<1%). The city of Nitra is also the centre of whole region. The region — which is the warmest in Slovakia — reaches a high production of wheat , rye and vegetables . Significant industries are: the food industry, with breweries in Topoľčany , Nitra and Hurbanovo , are machinery (fridges in Zlaté Moravce , shipyards in Komárno ) and energy ( Mochovce Nuclear Power Plant ). Current governor of Banská Bystrica region

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4030-520: The time one of the most popular politicians in the country, it quickly became one of the most popular parties in Slovakia, while the SDĽ experienced a constant decrease within popularity. In the 2002 Slovak parliamentary election , its first formal election period, it became the third-largest party in the National Council of the Slovak Republic , with 25 of 150 seats. In 2003, it changed its formal name to Direction (Third Way) ( Slovak : Smer (tretia cesta) ) and Party of Civic Understanding merged into

4095-434: The wake of the political crisis following the murder of Ján Kuciak and was replaced by Peter Pellegrini , with the same majority. However, Fico remained leader of Smer. The party managed to score 18.29% in the 2020 Slovak parliamentary election , which was 2 to 3 percent more than the latest polls showed, but it was still a decrease of 10% compared to previous elections. The party occupied 38 seats in parliament. Pellegrini,

4160-418: Was first established in 1923 and from 1996 exists in its present borders. It consists of seven districts ( okres ) and 354 municipalities, from which 16 have a town status. The economy of the region focuses more on agriculture, than in other Slovak regions. Nitra is its seat, largest city, and cultural and economic center. This region with a long history is situated in the southwest of Slovakia, mostly in

4225-674: Was supported by SDKÚ–DS and KDH . In governor's elections won Milan Belica, who was supported by ASV , KSS , ĽB , ĽS–HZDS , PSNS , ZSNS . His rival in second round of elections was Ján Greššo ( DS , SDKÚ ). In governor's elections won Milan Belica, who was supported by HZDS , SOP , SDĽ and Centre party. His rival in second round of elections was Miklós Fehér ( SMK-MKP ). The Nitra Region consists of 7 districts. There are 354 municipalities, of which 16 are towns. Direction %E2%80%93 Slovak Social Democracy Direction – Social Democracy ( Slovak : Smer – sociálna demokracia , Smer–SD ), also commonly referred to as Smer ,

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