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18-662: Formerly a district of Zonguldak Province , Bartın was made into a province seat in 1991. The city is situated 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) inland on the Bartın River ( Bartın Çayı ) that is navigable for vessels between the city and the Black Sea coast. Bartın River is the only navigable river for vessels in Turkey. The history of the antique Parthenios city ( Παρθένιος in Greek ), or Parthenia , dates back to 1200 BC, when its area

36-435: A province is designated the central district ( merkez ilçe ) from which the district is administered. The central district is administered by an appointed provincial deputy governor and other non-central districts by an appointed sub-governor ( kaymakam ) from their district center ( ilçe merkezi ) municipality. In these central districts the district center municipality also serves as the provincial center municipality. Both

54-410: A week or two, and it can be heavy once it snows. Highest recorded temperature: 42.8 °C (109.0 °F) on 13 July 2000 Lowest recorded temperature: −18.6 °C (−1.5 °F) on 23 February 1985 Zonguldak Province Zonguldak Province ( Turkish : Zonguldak ili ) is a province along the western Black Sea coast region of Turkey . Its area is 3,342 km , and its population

72-513: Is 588,510 (2022). Its adjacent provinces are Düzce to the southwest, Bolu to the south, Karabük to the southeast, and Bartın to the east. The capital is Zonguldak . Its Governor is Osman Hacıbektaşoğlu . Zonguldak province is divided into 8 districts (capital district in bold ): The discovery of coal in the Ereğli (Heraclea) region (known today as the Zonguldak basin ) dates back to

90-658: The Köppen classification , or an oceanic climate ( Do ) under the Trewartha classification . Summers are warm, the average temperature is around 22.5 °C (72.5 °F) in July and August. Winters are cool and damp, and the average temperature is around 4 °C (39 °F) in January and February. For a long time, Bartın city center was considered to only have an oceanic climate ( Cfb ), with its warmest month being well below

108-439: The 22 °C (72 °F) threshold, yet in recent decades climate change and global warming has been contributing to its classification slowly turning humid subtropical ( Cfa ) and therefore the city center is currently classified as borderline oceanic-humid subtropical. Precipitation is heaviest in autumn and early winter and lightest in spring. Snowfall is somewhat common between the months of December and March, snowing for

126-755: The March 1837 request by 18 months and that production started around September 1835. An investigation of Hazine-i Hassa (Ottoman Imperial Treasury Department) records in the Ottoman archives shows that regular mining activities in the Ereğli Basin started in February 1841. This is confirmed by a newspaper article published in the 14 February 1841 issue of Ceride-i Havadis. Ereğli Coal Company, chartered by six partners (Ahmed Fethi Pasha, Rıza Pasha, Safveti Pasha, Tahir Bey Efendi, Izzet Pasha and Mustafa Efendi), excavated

144-650: The Ottoman sultan Mehmet II in 1392. In the late 19th and early 20th century, Bartın was part of the Kastamonu Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire . Bartın is a member of the Norwich -based European Association of Historic Towns and Regions (EAHTR). Main sights include the castle, two churches, bedesten , the Kuşkayası Road Monument and İnziva (seclusion) Cave in the city center. Sections of

162-487: The ancient city like the forum , the council palace, the road of honor, the theatre, the acropolis , and a necropolis are now below the ground. The wooden Bartın houses display the architectural characteristics of the art movements after the Tanzimat Fermanı (Reforms Decree). The city of Bartın consists of 22 quarters: Bartın has a borderline oceanic ( Cfb ) and humid subtropical ( Cfa ) climate under

180-531: The coal in the Ereğli Coal Basin, initially under the auspices of Darphane-i Amire and later transferred to Hazine-i Hassa when the latter was established in 1849. Several mining disasters have occurred in the Zonguldak mines: Districts of Turkey The 81 provinces of Turkey are divided into 973 districts ( ilçeler ; sing. ilçe ). In the Ottoman Empire and in the early Turkish Republic,

198-616: The corresponding unit was the kaza . Most provinces bear the same name as their respective provincial capital districts. However, many urban provinces, designated as greater municipalities, have a center consisting of multiple districts, such as the provincial capital of Ankara province , The City of Ankara , comprising nine separate districts. Additionally three provinces, Kocaeli, Sakarya, and Hatay have their capital district named differently from their province, as İzmit, Adapazarı, and Antakya respectively. A district may cover both rural and urban areas. In many provinces, one district of

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216-460: The deputy governor and sub-governors are responsible to the province governor ( vali ). Greater Municipalities, however, are administered differently where a separate seat of municipality exists for the entire province, having administrative power over all districts of the province. Municipalities ( belediye ) can be created in, and are subordinate to, the districts in which they are located. Each district has at least one municipality ( belde ) in

234-454: The district center from which both the municipal government for that municipality and the district government is administered. A municipality is headed by an elected mayor ( belediye başkanı ) who administers the local government for defined municipal matters. More and more settlements which are outside district centers have municipalities as well, usually because their population requires one. A municipality's borders usually correspond to that of

252-409: The reign of Sultan Mahmud II , and its extraction to Sultan Abdulmejid I 's reign. The first specimen of Turkish coal was brought from Ereğli to Istanbul in 1822, but nothing was done for exploration and exploitation of this coal. However, in 1829, another specimen of coal was brought to Istanbul by Uzun (Long) Mehmet, a sailor and native of the village of Kestaneci, near Ereğli. This time attention

270-451: The tasks, which are largely similar but are adapted to their locality. Greater municipalities ( büyükşehir belediyesi ) exist for large cities like Istanbul and İzmir that consist of an extra administrative layer run by an elected head mayor, who oversee the municipalities and mayors within the province. Currently, 30 provinces are administered by greater municipalities in addition to having separate municipalities for every district within

288-505: The urban settlement it covers, but may also include some undeveloped land. Villages ( köy ) outside municipalities and quarters or neighborhoods ( mahalle ) within municipalities are the lowest level of local government, and are also the most numerous unit of local government in Turkey. They elect muhtars to care for specific administrative matters such as residence registration. The designation slightly differs ( köy muhtarı for village muhtar, mahalle muhtarı for quarter muhtar) and

306-656: Was given to the discovery and the sailor received a reward of a life pension, but before he could benefit from this reward he was murdered. The first miners requested and delivered from the Austrian Government are the Austrian Croats known to have been employed in the Ereğli Coal Mines. The correspondence between Istanbul and the embassy in Vienna show that coal production in the Ereğli Basin predates

324-701: Was inhabited by the Kaskian tribe. In the following centuries, the region had entered under the dominance of Hittites , Phrygians , Cimmerians , Lydians , Greeks , and Persians . Later, it was part of the Roman Empire and then of the Byzantine Empire , until it fell to the Seljuk Turks and the Candaroğulları State between the 11th and the 13th centuries AD. Bartın was conquered by

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