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20-534: It is located at 47°43′15″N 16°39′0″E  /  47.72083°N 16.65000°E  / 47.72083; 16.65000 , about 10 km (6 mi) from Sopron , near Lake Fertő (German: Neusiedler See ) and the Austrian border. In summer, a border checkpoint for pedestrians and cyclists connects it to the Austrian municipality of Mörbisch am See ( Hungarian : Meggyes ). The Fertorakos mithraeum

40-610: A 'transit/labour camp' in a quarry in Fertőrákos, to which Hungarian Jewish and political prisoners were sent, and many thousands died here, with others transported onward to Nazi concentration camps in German-occupied Poland and Germany. The site of the transit camp can be visited, and has a memorial plaque. There have been petitions to rename the village due to the name literally meaning "(you should) get infected by cancer". This Győr-Moson-Sopron location article

60-563: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Sopron Sopron ( Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈʃopron] ; German : Ödenburg , German pronunciation: [ˈøːdn̩ˌbʊʁk] ) is a city in Hungary on the Austrian border, near Lake Neusiedl/Lake Fertő . When the area that is today Western Hungary was a province of the Roman Empire , a city called Scarbantia stood here. The site of its forum

80-434: Is a 165-metre tall FM-/TV-broadcasting tower, nicknamed "Rakéta" (Hungarian for rocket). The current mayor of Sopron is Ciprián Farkas ( Fidesz-KDNP ). The local Municipal Assembly, elected at the 2019 local government elections , is made up of 18 members (1 Mayor, 12 Individual constituencies MEPs and 5 Compensation List MEPs) divided into this political parties and alliances: The women's basketball team Sopron Basket

100-563: Is now the main square of Sopron. During the Migration Period , Scarbantia was believed to be deserted. When Hungarians arrived in the area, the city was in ruins. From the 9th to the 11th centuries, Hungarians strengthened the old Roman city walls and built a castle. The city was named in Hungarian after a castle steward named Suprun . In 1153, it was mentioned as an important city. In 1273, King Otakar II of Bohemia occupied

120-517: Is one of the most successful Hungarian basketball team in the history with 15 National titles and they success in Europe, in 2022 they won EuroLeague . MFC Sopron was a football team based in Sopron. The successor of the club is Soproni VSE . Sopron is twinned with: 1529 Year 1529 ( MDXXIX ) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of

140-540: Is visible near the border. Fertőrákos also features a small port with a border checkpoint, and a sand beach swimming area, access to which prior to 1989 was restricted to the communist elite. The village was first mentioned in 1199 under the name Racus . In 1457 it was first mentioned in German language as Krewspach , later Kroisbach . Today, it forms part of the Austrian - Hungarian national park and joint World Heritage Site of Lake Fertő . Following World War I ,

160-635: The European Union . Having been a city close to nowhere, that is, to the Iron Curtain , Sopron now has re-established full trade relations to nearby Austria. Furthermore, after being suppressed during the Cold War , Sopron's German-speaking culture and heritage are now recognized again. As a consequence, many of the city's street-and traffic-signs are written in both Hungarian and German making it an officially bilingual city due to its proximity to

180-559: The Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919) . After local unrest and Italian diplomatic mediation in the Venice Protocol , Sopron's status as part of Hungary (along with that of the surrounding eight villages) was decided by a controversial, local plebiscite held on December 14, 1921, with 65% voting for Hungary. Since then Sopron has been called Civitas Fidelissima ("The Most Loyal Town", Hungarian : A Leghűségesebb Város ), and

200-857: The comitatus Sopron . The town was the seat of the Ödenburg comitat near 1850. After the compromise of 1867 and until 1918, the city (known with the dual bilingual name of Sopron - Ödenburg ) was part of the Habsburg-ruled Kingdom of Hungary . Following the breakup of the Austro-Hungarian Empire , ethnic Germans inhabited parts of four western Hungarian counties: Pozsony (Pressburg in German; Bratislava in Czech/Slovak), Vas (Eisenburg), Sopron (Ödenburg) and Moson (Wieselburg). The German-inhabited parts of those counties were initially awarded to Austria in

220-505: The Austrian frontier. Visitors admire the large number of buildings in this city that reflect medieval architecture —rare in war-torn Hungary. Situated close to the Austrian border, Sopron receives many visitors from Vienna (70 kilometres (43 miles) away), and from Bratislava, Slovakia (77 km (48 mi) away), as well as from the United States, Great Britain, The Netherlands, Japan, and Scandinavia, who visit to take advantage of

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240-539: The Sopron area in the Habsburg Monarchy were the so-called Ponzichter . In 1910, Sopron had 33,931 inhabitants (51% German , 44.3% Hungarian , 4.7% other). Religions: 64.1% Roman Catholic , 27.8% Lutheran , 6.6% Jewish , 1.2% Calvinist , 0.3% other. In 2001, the city had 56,125 inhabitants (92.8% Hungarian, 3.5% German, 3.7% other). Religions: 69% Roman Catholic, 7% Lutheran, 3% Calvinist, 8.1% Atheist , 11.9% no answer, 1% other. The architecture of

260-601: The West. As the first successful crossing of the border, it helped pave the way for the mass flight of East German citizens that led to the fall of the Berlin Wall on November 9, 1989. During the Socialist era, the government tried to turn Sopron into an industrial city, but much of the medieval town center remains, allowing the city to remain an attractive site for tourists. Today, Sopron's economy immensely benefits from

280-402: The anniversary of the plebiscite is a city holiday. However, the western parts of Vas, Sopron and Moson counties joined Austria and now form the Austrian federal state of Burgenland , and Pressburg/Pozsony was awarded to Czechoslovakia . Sopron suffered greatly during World War II and was bombed several times. The Soviet Red Army captured the city on April 1, 1945. The city of Sopron and

300-547: The castle. Even though he took the children of Sopron's nobility with him as hostages, the city opened its gates when the armies of King Ladislaus IV of Hungary arrived. Ladislaus rewarded Sopron by elevating it to the rank of free royal town . During the Ottoman occupation of Hungary , the Ottoman Turks ravaged the city in 1529 , but did not occupy it. Many Hungarians fled from the occupied areas to Sopron, and

320-509: The city's importance grew. While the Ottomans occupied most of Central Europe, the region north of Lake Balaton remained in the Kingdom of Hungary (1538–1867) (captaincy between Balaton and Drava). In 1676, Sopron was destroyed by a fire. The modern city was born over the next few decades, when Baroque buildings were built to replace the destroyed medieval ones. Sopron became the seat of

340-865: The excellent low-cost dental services offered: Sopron boasts so many dental clinics—more than 300—that the city is known as the "dental capital of the world." Sopron is a significant wine producing region, one of the few in Hungary to make both red and white wines . Grapes include Kékfrankos for red wine and Traminer ( Gewürztraminer ) for white wine. In climate it is similar to the neighbouring Burgenland wine region in Austria, and several winemakers make wine in both countries. Blue Frankish (= Kékfrankos, Blaufränkisch), Traminer, and Green Veltliner (= Zöld Veltelini, Grüner Veltliner) are well-known Sopron wines. Sopron's Blue Frankish and Pinot Noir wines are particularly prized. The group of ethnic German wine growers in

360-421: The old section of town reflects its long history; walls and foundations from the Roman Empire are still common, together with a wealth of Medieval , Renaissance , and Baroque structures, often artistically decorated, showing centuries of stability and prosperity. There is an old synagogue and other remains from the town's former Jewish community, which was expelled in the 16th century. On Daloshegy, there

380-474: The village of Sopronbánfalva began to stretch towards each other at the beginning of the 20th century, they unified in 1950 and since the areas have merged. Sopron and the village of Balf unified in 1985. On August 19, 1989, Sopron was the site of the Pan-European Picnic , a protest on the border between Austria and Hungary, which was used by over 600 citizens of East Germany to escape to

400-491: The village took part in a plebiscite in 1921 along with eight surrounding settlements, asking whether they wished to remain in Hungary, or to join the new Austrian Republic . Although the village voted 60.7% in favour of joining Austria, the majority of voters overall (mostly those in Sopron ) voted 65.1% in favour of remaining in Hungary. Following the occupation of Hungary in 1944, the new extremist pro-nazi regime established

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