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55-478: The town is located in the western part of the county, bordering on Ilfov County . It is 27.6 km (17.1 mi) from Urziceni and 44.8 km (27.8 mi) from Bucharest . The Fierbinți-Târg train station serves the CFR Main Line 700 , which connects Bucharest to Brăila , Galați and the border with Moldova at Giurgiulești . Las Fierbinți , one of Romania's best known television series,

110-506: A campaign against Dacia. This plan fell through in 44   BC when Caesar was assassinated. Burebista himself was assassinated in a plot by the Dacian aristocracy at around the same time. After Burebista's death, the empire he had created broke up into smaller kingdoms. From the reign of Tiberius to Domitian , Dacian activity was reduced into a defensive state. The Romans abandoned plans of mounting an invasion against Dacia. In 86   AD

165-466: A client kingdom of Rome, acting as a bulkhead for the empire, separating Rome from other warring tribes. This peace lasted for around a decade, until Trajan became emperor in 98   AD. Immediately upon becoming emperor, Trajan travelled to the frontier stretching from Pannonia to Moesia , where he worked to strengthen the fortifications. In 101–102   AD Trajan assembled an army of up to 150,000 men to send against Decebalus' 50,000. The army

220-638: A disastrous defeat, losing not only Fuscus, but his forces and the Roman standards and war machines. A second expedition was launched in 88   AD, this time under the command of Tettius Julianus . This second campaign was somewhat victorious as both sides suffered massive casualties in battle. However, revolts and defections forced Domitian to negotiate a hasty peace treaty with Decebalus in 89   AD. This peace had benefits and costs to both sides: Rome had to pay financial tributes and provide technological assistance to Dacia; in exchange, Dacia effectively became

275-705: A name given by the Slavs who inhabited the nearby plains. The county was named after the Ilfov River and it appears for the first time in a 1482 donation act of voivode Vlad Călugărul to the monastery of Snagov . In earliest documents, it was known as Elhov . The name is of Slavic origin ( еlьха , alder; -ov , possessive suffix ), referring to a river which flowed through an alder forest. The county has 8 towns and 32 communes. The largest settlements by population are Popești-Leordeni , Voluntari , Chiajna , Bragadiru , Pantelimon , Buftea , Otopeni . These are

330-488: A population of 53,431 at the 2021 census (representing an increase of 31,536 people since 2011, this being the largest population increase of any settlement in Romania between 2011 and 2021). Voluntari is the second largest settlement, with a population of 47,366 at the 2021 census. It has experienced rapid population growth in recent years. There were serious debates about the city level awarded to Voluntari in 2004, as it

385-523: A second campaign against him. By 106 Trajan had completed the conquest of Dacia, ending its existence as an independent kingdom. The image of fearless and noble Dacians as predecessors to modern Romanians was augmented and impressed by nationalist movements in the late 1920s and 1930s. On one hand, the Dacians were often used in discourses claiming an ethnically pure origin for the Romanian people. At

440-491: A short time. In the same year Caesar was assassinated, Burebista was killed in a plot by the Dacian aristocracy, who saw a centralized state as leading to a reduction in their privileges. After his death, the Dacian kingdom dissolved, with the exception of the enclave around the Orăștie Mountains, while the rest became various smaller kingdoms. After Burebista's death, the kingdom was divided into four parts, to be ruled by

495-526: A sort of co-existence and fusion between the cultures. Sometime after around 150   BC, however, evidence of La   Tène culture peters out, around the same time the Dacian culture began to mature, as evidenced by population and economic growth. Under Rubobstes the authority of the Dacians appears to have increased, thus ending the dominance of the Celtic culture , and leading to the Celts being expelled from

550-561: A thick forest, but there were several Dacian settlements, most important being Argedava , on the right bank of the Argeș River in what is now Popești , which was the capital of king Burebista . The thick forests were useful for retreat during the migration age because they were not easy to cross on horseback. In fact, the name of the forest means "the Forests of the Vlachs " (Romanians),

605-570: Is alleged that it was given in regard to the city's political affiliation, rather than population, development or any other objective features. Despite this, Voluntari did have a population of 30,000 at that time, and many other localities with this population have been given city-status in the past. Chiajna is the third largest settlement in Ilfov county, and one of the fastest growing localities in Romania, with its population having increased from 29,329 people in 2011 to 43,588 people in 2022, according to

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660-453: Is disputed whether this force was an actual military force or the number of ablebodied men within the kingdom. Regardless, Dacia was a formidable power that Caesar perceived as a threat to Rome. But Caesar was never able to start his intended campaign because he was assassinated in 44   BC, Burebista meeting the same fate when he was killed in a civil uprising in either 45 or 44   BC. Burebista may have outlived Caesar for only

715-506: Is filmed in the town. This Ialomița County location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Ilfov County Ilfov ( Romanian pronunciation: [ˈilfov] ) is the county that surrounds Bucharest , the capital of Romania . It used to be largely rural, but, after the fall of Communism , many of the county's villages and communes developed into high-income commuter towns , which act like suburbs or satellites of Bucharest. The gentrification of

770-503: Is the smallest (excluding the city of Bucharest, which has a special status). Between 1981 and 1997, it was called "Sectorul Agricol Ilfov" and it was not a separate county, but subordinate to the capital. Ilfov County is the only county that has its capital outside of its territorial area , in Bucharest, which is not part of the actual county. Initially, right after the 1968 reform of the public administration in communist Romania, Ilfov

825-729: Is these Boii tribes east of the Alps that came into conflict with the Dacians and were heavily defeated in 50–40   BC. These conquests were followed by the destruction of the Bastarnae peoples. Similarly, Burebista conquered a tribe that Strabo describes as living among the Illyrians and Thracians – most likely the Scordisci  – while simultaneously conducting raids throughout Thrace, Roman Macedonia , and Illyria . Beginning around 55 BC Burebista annexed

880-670: The Boii and Taurisci were destroyed early in his campaigns, followed by the conquest of the Bastarnae and probably the Scordisci peoples. He led raids throughout Thrace, Macedonia, and Illyria. From 55   BC the Greek cities on the west coast of the Black Sea were conquered one after another. These campaigns inevitably culminated in conflict with Rome in 48   BC, at which point Burebista gave his support to Pompey . This in turn made him an enemy to Julius Caesar , who decided to start

935-690: The National Museum in Sofia ), which represents a decree by the citizens of Dionysopolis about Akornion and another inscription found in Nesebar . The area roughly located between the Danube, Tisza and Dniester rivers – approximately coinciding with modern-day Romania – became home to a varied group of Thracian peoples , including the Getae and Dacians, sometime around

990-648: The "first and greatest friend" of Burebista. Akornion was sent as an ambassador to Pompey to claim the title of "king of kings" for Burebista to be used within the Hellenistic kingdoms of the Balkans and the Near East. Burebista inevitably came into conflict with Rome. During the Roman civil war of 49–44 BC , Pompey gained the support of Burebista through Akornion of Dionysopolis . Pompey himself had recognized

1045-497: The 2nd   century BC, the Dacians expelled the Celts from their lands. Dacians often warred with neighbouring tribes, but the relative isolation of the Dacian peoples in the Carpathian Mountains allowed them to survive and even to thrive. By the 1st   century BC the Dacians had become the dominant power. From 61 BC onwards Burebista pursued a series of conquests that expanded the Dacian kingdom. The tribes of

1100-527: The 3rd and 2nd   centuries BC. From the 4th   century BC to the 2nd   century BC the La   Tène Celts of the Danube, Alpines, and Balkans influenced the Dacian culture. La   Tène material culture was found in the central and north-west regions of Dacia. The development of a La   Tène-based economy in the 3rd and 2nd   centuries BC allowed the consolidation of political power through tribal unions. Such regional unions were found among both

1155-521: The 7th to 6th   centuries BC. The Getae and Dacians are related but distinct peoples that are sometimes treated as a single group under the name of Geto-Dacians. The Getae and the Dacians shared many cultural and linguistic similarities. Living in the lower Danube basin, the Getae were able to establish regular trade with the Greek cities along the coast of the Black Sea. The Dacians were located in

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1210-610: The Carpatho-Danubian basin along the southern border of the Carpathian Mountains . This relative geographic isolation allowed the Dacians to survive catastrophic struggles – often with the Getae ;– and thrive to become the dominant tribe by the 1st   century BC. Before Burebista's rule, the Dacians had experienced a succession of kings through the period 450 to 60   BC. The kings included Dromichaetes , Oroles , and Rubobostes in

1265-558: The Celts and moved into the middle Danube. This alliance was probably a weakly centralized state, with a military organization similar to the one of the Hellenistic kingdoms . The exact degree of centralization is a matter of debate, with archaeologists such as Kris Lockyear denying the existence of a state, saying the archaeological evidence shows regional diversity and only a few region-wide trends. Others, such as historian Alexandru Diaconescu , dispute this and conclude that there

1320-416: The Dacian king, Decebalus , successfully re-united the Dacian kingdom under his control. Domitian attempted a hasty invasion against the Dacians that ended in disaster. A second invasion brought peace between Rome and Dacia for nearly a decade, until Trajan became emperor in 98   AD. Trajan also pursued two conquests of Dacia . The first, in 101–102   AD, concluded in a Roman victory. Decebalus

1375-717: The Dacian people internally. From around 61 BC Burebista began to lead a series of campaigns of conquest against neighbouring tribes and clans. In 60/59   BC he defeated and conquered the Boii , who were led by Critasiros , and the Taurisci tribes dwelling in the Middle Danube, in modern Bohemia and Slovakia . The Boii had established a tribal presence in the areas now occupied by eastern Austria and south-western Slovakia and Hungary sometime in 75–50   BC. The Boii extended their influence eastward towards modern day Bratislava, Slovakia around 64–63   BC. It

1430-677: The Dacians and Roman administrations south of the Danube. Around 85   AD raiding resumed in Moesia, Illyria, and Macedonia, culminating in the death of the Roman Governor of Moesia, Oppius Sabinius . In response, Domitian launched a campaign the same year under the command of the Praetorian Prefect Cornelius Fuscus . Domitian ignored Decebalus' offer of peace, an error which caused the Romans to suffer

1485-436: The Dacians is debated among scholars; University of Illinois professor Keith Hitchins gave a starting date for Burebista's reign of 82   BC, while historian Matthew Bunson , and authors John Middleton and Michael Schmitz suggest a starting date around 61–60 BC. The historian John Koch states that Burebista founded an empire sometime during the 1st   century BC and that around 61   BC Burebista expelled

1540-608: The Greek cities on the coast of the Black Sea, occupying the Greek fortresses from Olbia to Apollonia , as well as the Danubian plain all the way to the Balkans. These conquered cities were: Olbia, Tyras , Histria , Tomis , Callatis , Odessos , Messembria , Apollonia, and Dionysopolis . Dionysopolis, however, enjoyed good relations with Burebista. An inscription dating to 48   BC found in Dionysopolis and in honour of Akornion of Dionysopolis describes Akornion as

1595-471: The Roman empire, and Roman sources stop mentioning plans for Roman invasions during this time. Dacian power resurged during the reigns of Duras  – who reigned 68–87   AD   and peaked during the reign of Decebalus  – who reigned from 85/87-106   AD. By this time the Dacian tribes had united once more, under the rule of Decebalus, and again posed a threat to Rome. Decebalus' reign saw nearly constant warfare between

1650-444: The Romanian government declared a celebration of the 2,050th anniversary of the founding of the "unitary and centralized" Dacian state of Burebista, drawing comparisons with Ceaușescu's Romania and claiming an uninterrupted existence of the state from Burebista to Ceaușescu. The epic movie Burebista (1980) based on the king's life was released the same year, and celebrated him as the Romanian pater patriae . This commemoration led

1705-546: The Romanian population census. Buftea is associated with the cinema of Romania ; as the film studios MediaPro Pictures are located in Buftea. Otopeni was transformed into a town under the communist regime, as part of Nicolae Ceaușescu 's systematization policy, with semidetached houses being replaced by four-storey blocks of flats. Before 1972, Ilfov County used to be one of the largest counties of Romania, but parts of it were added to neighbouring counties and nowadays it

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1760-660: The Transylvanian Dacians under the rule of Rubobostes and the Moldavian and Muntenian Getae in Argedava . It is from the La   Tène that the Dacians were introduced to the potter's wheel, superior metal-working techniques, and probably a tradition of minting coins. In homes were found a combination of Celtic and Dacian pottery, and certain Celtic-style graves contain Dacian style vessels. This suggests

1815-673: The agriculture. Nowadays, due to the economical growth in Bucharest , many companies have opened their offices, production facilities or warehouses in the nearby villages, situated in the Ilfov County, thus making it the most developed county in Romania . The predominant industries in the county are: At Otopeni there is the main aerial transport hub in Romania - the Henri Coandă International Airport . Also all

1870-521: The anniversaries of ancient battles. Additionally, two government-funded film productions were created as part of this same process. Both films focus on the history of Dacia in the 1st and 2nd   century AD and the exploits of Decebalus, while Burebista is almost ignored. Starting in the 1970s, the Nicolae Ceaușescu regime used nationalistic and questionable interpretations of ancient history ( Protochronism ) to legitimize its rule. In 1980

1925-524: The area located between the Danube , Tisza , and Dniester rivers, and modern day Romania and Moldova . In the 7th and 6th   centuries BC it became home to the Thracian peoples, including the Getae and the Dacians. From the 4th   century to the middle of the 2nd   century BC the Dacian peoples were influenced by La Tène Celts who brought new technologies with them into Dacia . Sometime in

1980-500: The area or merging into the culture, or both. There is archaeological evidence to suggest that relations between Dacians and Celts living in the areas north and west of Dacia continued. Painted ceramics of late La   Tène-style have been found in Dacian sites in west and central Dacia. Some of these ceramics were imported while others were made by Dacian potters imitating Celtic style. A stable monarchy, however, only developed when Burebista became king. Burebista's accession came with

2035-401: The city, in Ilfov County and other nearby counties into a " metropolitan area " of Bucharest, similar to Greater London . As of 2011, these plans did not happen, while a debate on the general administrative division of Romania was under way. Historically, the county was located in the southern part of Greater Romania , in the southern part of the historical region of Muntenia , around and in

2090-414: The county is continuing, with many towns in Ilfov, such as Otopeni , having some of the highest GDP per capita levels in the country. The county has experienced rapid demographic growth in the 21st century, being the fastest growing Romanian county between 2011 and 2021. It had a population (excluding Bucharest) of 542,686 at the 2021 Romanian census . The population density is 230.09 per km . 40% of

2145-478: The east by Ialomița County , and to the south by Durostor County . The county included the cities of Bucharest and Oltenița , and originally seven administrative districts ( plăși ): Subsequently, the county established three more districts: According to the 1930 census data, the county population was 999,562 inhabitants, ethnically divided as follows: 84.3% Romanians, 7.0% Jews, 2.5% Hungarians, 1.7% Romanies, 1.5% Germans, as well as other minorities. From

2200-687: The expulsion of Celts around 60   BC when his forces moved through to the middle Danube region, and with the support of the religious establishment and leaders in Dacia which brought around a stricter moral code in the Dacian kingdom. Around this time the pottery of the Dacian style began appearing in Celtic settlements in Central Europe, including the area covered by the former Yugoslavia, especially in Gomolava , Yugoslavia, and Budapest , Hungary. The exact date that Burebista came to reign over

2255-482: The main roads and railways leaving Bucharest pass through the county. The county has a large surface covered with forests and also due to its lakes, it is a frequent week-end and holiday destinations for the inhabitants of Bucharest . Other notable touristic sites are: The Ilfov County Council, renewed at the 2020 local elections , consists of 32 counsellors, with the following party composition: Most of today's Ilfov County used to be covered by Codrii Vlăsiei ,

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2310-533: The might of Burebista and Dacia after their successful conquests against the Greek Black Sea cities. Caesar, however, ended any alliance between Pompey and Burebista at the Battle of Pharsalus . Caesar was also aware of the growing strength of the Dacians and had planned to lead an attack against Burebista. Burebista at this time had a force that may have numbered up to 200,000 men – though it

2365-400: The only settlements with more than 20.000 residents. Unlike most other areas of Romania, the population in Ilfov County is increasing, as many of the settlements here are seen as suburbs of Bucharest and are increasingly attracting upper-class families. At the 2022 census, 45.19% of the county's population was defined as urban . Popești-Leordeni is the largest settlement in Ilfov county, with

2420-687: The population commutes and works in Bucharest , although, in recent years, many industrial plants were built outside Bucharest, in Ilfov county. It has an annual growth of about 4%. The county has an area of 1,584 km and it is situated in the Romanian Plain between the Argeș River and the Ialomița River . The main rivers that pass through the county are: Dâmbovița River , Colentina River and Gruiu River . Several lakes can be found in Ilfov county, notably Lake Cernica , Lake Snagov and Lake Căldărușani . The base occupation used to be

2475-413: The press to note "similarities" between Burebista and Ceaușescu, and even professional historians such as Ion Horațiu Crișan spoke about Burebista in ways similar to how party activists spoke about Ceaușescu. Burebista and his descendants are considered by Romanian nationalists to be the true ancestors of their nation. Historian László Kürti describes this as an imaginary history, and notes that during

2530-457: The regime of Ceaușescu this alternate history was used as a political device. In 1984 the brother of President Ceaușescu, Ilie Ceaușescu , published a treatise stating that; "[t]he archaeological evidence conclusively shows the uninterrupted ethnic, political, and military continuity of the Romanians." Kürti notes that similar political devices are used by Hungarians to promote their claim to

2585-413: The religious elite. By the time of Augustus Dacia had broken further into five parts. In the time following Burebista's death, and between the rule of Tiberius and the rule of Domitian, Dacian activity was minimal. The Dacians were forced into a defensive state where their main activity was keeping the Romans out of Dacian territories. The regional factions that remained posed no substantial threat to

2640-407: The religious point of view, the population was 84.5% Eastern Orthodox, 7.7% Jewish, 3.7% Roman Catholic, 1.3% Greek Catholic, 1.2% Lutheran, as well as other minorities. In 1930, the county's urban population was 649,429 inhabitants, comprising 77.7% Romanians, 10.8% Jews, 3.7% Hungarians, 2.2% Germans, 1.2% Romanis, as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, the urban population

2695-499: The same time, however, the Romans were preferred instead when the objective was portraying Romania as a civilized and cosmopolitan nation. In the 1960s statues were erected for the two leaders of the Dacian kingdom, Burebista and Decebalus. These came as part of a gradual process of disassociating Socialist Romania from the Soviet Union . The statues depict the kings as freedom fighters, and nationwide celebrations were held for

2750-428: The south of Bucharest . During the interwar years, the county, which contained the city of Bucharest, was the most populous county in Romania. Currently the territory of the county is divided among Bucharest , the current Ilfov County, Dâmbovița County , Ialomița County , Călărași County , and Giurgiu County . It was bordered to the north by the counties of Prahova and Dâmboviţa , to the west by Vlașca County , to

2805-460: Was a centralized political structure. In the Orăștie Mountains, Burebista built a system of stone fortifications on high ground ; the most important of such hill forts are located today in the villages of Costești , Blidaru , Piatra Roșie , and Bănița . These citadels, which exhibited Greek military architecture, coupled with the presence of Burebista and his armed forces, served to secure

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2860-502: Was a larger county, that comprised its present-day territory, the entire Giurgiu County , Bucharest and the western parts of Călărași and Ialomița counties. Later during the communist period, its territory was reduced to its current size and it became one of the sectors of Bucharest. It became again a county in 1997, when its capital was designated to be Bucharest. However, in 2005, some plans were proposed that would merge Bucharest with 90 other communes located to up to 40 km outside

2915-476: Was composed of 76.4% Eastern Orthodox, 11.8% Jewish, 5.6% Roman Catholic, 2.0% Greek Catholic, 1.9% Lutheran, 1.1% Reformed, as well as other minorities. Burebista Burebista ( Ancient Greek : Βυρεβίστας, Βοιρεβίστας ) was the king of the Getae and Dacian tribes from 82/61   BC to 45/44   BC. He was the first king who successfully unified the tribes of the Dacian kingdom , which comprised

2970-502: Was forced to agree to harsh terms of peace, but did not honour them, leading to a second invasion of Dacia in 106   AD that ended the independence of the Dacian kingdom. Only few ancient sources on Burebista survive: Strabo : Geographica 7.3.5, 7.3.11 and 16.2.39 (who spells his name Byrebistas and Boirebistas); Jordanes : Getica   67 (spells his name Buruista); a marble inscription found in Balchik , Bulgaria (now housed at

3025-404: Was split into two and entered into Dacian territory at two points along the frontier. The columns met at Tibiscum and marched together towards Sarmizegetusa . At Tapae they encountered and defeated the Dacian force. This in turn forced Decebalus to sue for peace. Trajan agreed but imposed harsh terms against the Dacians. Decebalus failed to meet the terms of the peace, and in 105 Trajan launched

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