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20-450: Kańczuga was first mentioned in documents from 1340, when it was part of Red Ruthenia . At that time, the village belonged to the noble Pilecki family. In the second half of the 14th century, Elżbieta Pilecka , the daughter of Kańczuga's founder Otton of Pilcza, married a nobleman from Greater Poland , Wincenty Granowski, and after his death, she married King Wladyslaw Jagiello . In 1440, Kańczuga received town charter. It still remained in

40-798: A Polish chronicle of 1321, Red Ruthenia was the portion of Ruthenia incorporated into Poland by Casimir the Great during the 14th century. The disintegration of Rus', Red Ruthenia was contested by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (the Gediminids ), the Kingdom of Poland (the Piasts ), the Kingdom of Hungary and the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia . After the Galicia–Volhynia Wars , for about 400 years most of Red Ruthenia became part of Poland as

60-763: A post office was opened in 1870, the town was in the Przeworsk Bezirkshauptmannschaft . Before the Holocaust the Kańczuga population was 3000 with at least 40% being Jews. On August 8th 1942, the Jews living in the town were murdered by the Nazis and their bodies were dumped in a mass grave. Jewish civilians were first rounded up into the synagogue where they were forced to spend several days without food, water, or bathrooms. They were then taken out of

80-891: Is a term used since the Middle Ages for the south-western principalities of the Kievan Rus' , namely the Principality of Peremyshl and the Principality of Belz . Nowadays the region comprises parts of western Ukraine and adjoining parts of south-eastern Poland . It has also sometimes included parts of Lesser Poland , Podolia , Right-bank Ukraine and Volhynia . Centred on Przemyśl and Belz , it has included major cities such as: Chełm , Zamość , Rzeszów , Krosno and Sanok (now all in Poland), as well as Lviv and Ternopil (now in Ukraine). First mentioned by that name in

100-626: The First Partition of Poland , remaining part of the empire until 1918. Between World Wars I and II, it belonged to the Second Polish Republic . The region is currently split, with its western portion in southeastern Poland (around Rzeszów, Przemyśl, Zamość and Chełm) and its eastern portion (around Lviv) in western Ukraine . Casimir the Great Too Many Requests If you report this error to

120-464: The German model (virtually unknown before 1340, when Red Ruthenia was the independent Kingdom of Halych). During the early Middle Ages , the region was part of Kievan Rus' and, from 1199, the independent Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia . It came under Polish control in 1340, when Casimir the Great conquered it. During his reign from 1333 to 1370, Casimir the Great founded several cities, urbanizing

140-537: The Ruthenian Voivodeship . A minority of ethnic Poles have lived since the beginning of the second Millennium in northern parts of Red Ruthenia. The exonym " Ruthenians " usually refers to members of the Rusyn and/or Ukrainian ethnicity. The first known inhabitants of northern Red Ruthenia were Lendians and White Croats , while subgroups of Rusyns , such as Boykos and Lemkos , lived in

160-567: The 1340s, the influence of the Rurik dynasty ended; most of the area passed to Casimir the Great, with Kiev and the state of Volhynia falling under the control of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania . The Polish region was divided into a number of voivodeships, and an era of German eastward migration and Polish settlement among the Ruthenians began. Armenians and Jews also migrated to the region. A number of castles were built at this time, and

180-689: The 14th century, the Vlachs arrived from the southeastern Carpathians and quickly settled across southern Red Ruthenia. Although during the 15th century the Ruthenians gained a foothold, it was not until the 16th century that the Wallachian population in the Bieszczady Mountains and the Lower Beskids was Ruthenized. From the 14th to the 16th centuries Red Ruthenia underwent rapid urbanization, resulting in over 200 new towns built on

200-535: The 16th and early 17th centuries, the area of Kańczuga was frequently raided by the Crimean Tatars . In a 1624 raid, all local villages were burned, and thousands of residents kidnapped. As a result of the first of Partitions of Poland (Treaty of St-Petersburg dated 5 July 1772), Kańczuga was attributed to the Habsburg Monarchy as part of Austrian Galicia , in which it remained until 1918. When

220-643: The 17th century, most during the 15th and 16th centuries (96 and 153, respectively). Ruthenia was subject to repeated Tatar and Ottoman Empire incursions during the 16th and 17th centuries and was impacted by the Khmelnytsky Uprising (1648–1654), the 1654–1667 Russo-Polish War and Swedish invasions during the Deluge (1655–1660); the Swedes returned during the Great Northern War of

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240-472: The Great settled German citizens on the borders of Lesser Poland and Red Ruthenia to join the acquired territory with the rest of his kingdom. In determining the population of late medieval Poland, colonisation and Polish migration to Red Ruthenia, Spiš and Podlachia (whom the Ukrainians called Mazury —poor peasant migrants, chiefly from Mazowsze ) should be considered. During the second half of

260-447: The article Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria . Red Ruthenia Red Ruthenia , or Red Rus or Red Russia ( Ukrainian : Червона Русь , romanized :  Chervona Rus' ; Polish : Ruś Czerwona ; Latin : Ruthenia Rubra ; Russia Rubra ; Russian : Червoнная Русь , romanized :  Chervonnaya Rus' or Russian : Красная Русь , romanized :  Krasnaya Rus' ; Romanian : Rutenia Roșie ),

280-512: The cities of Stanisławów (Stanyslaviv in Ukrainian , now Ivano-Frankivsk ) and Krystynopol (now Chervonohrad ) were founded. In October 1372, Władysław Opolczyk was deposed as count palatine . Although he retained most of his castles and goods in Hungary, his political influence waned. As compensation, Opolczyk was made governor of Hungarian Galicia. In this new position, he contributed to

300-532: The early 18th century. Red Ruthenia consisted of three voivodeships: Ruthenia, whose capital was Lviv and provinces were Lviv, Halych, Sanok, Przemyśl and Chełm ; Bełz , separating the provinces of Lviv and Przemyśl from the rest of the Ruthenian voivodeship; and Podolia , with its capital at Kamieniec Podolski . Red Ruthenia (except for Podolia ) was conquered by the Austrian Empire in 1772 during

320-577: The economic development of the territories entrusted to him. Although Opolczyk primarily resided in Lwów , at the end of his rule he spent more time in Halicz. The only serious conflict during his time as governor involved his approach to the Eastern Orthodox Church , which angered the local Catholic boyars . Under Polish rule 325 towns were founded from the 14th century to the second half of

340-467: The hands of the Pilecki family, but in the subsequent centuries, Kańczuga was property of such families, as Odrowaz, Kostka, Ostrogski , Lubomirski and Sanguszko . The town, with its deep tunnels used as merchant goods storages, prospered until the late 15th century, when its population reached 3000. In 1498, Kańczuga was burned to the ground in a Wallachian raid, which ended the period of prosperity. In

360-600: The rural province. The Polish name Ruś Czerwona (translated as "Red Rus") came into use for the territory extending to the Dniester , centring on Przemyśl . Since the reign of Władysław Jagiełło (d. 1434) the Przemyśl Voivodeship was called the Ruthenian Voivodeship ( województwo ruskie ), centring on Lwów . The voivodeship consisted of five regions: Lwów, Sanok , Halicz ( Halych ), Przemyśl , and Chełm . The town of Halych gave its name to Galicia . During

380-479: The south. Later Walddeutsche ("Forest Germans"), Jews , Armenians and Poles also made up part of the population. According to Marcin Bielski , although Bolesław I Chrobry settled Germans in the region to defend the borders against Hungary and Kievan Rus' the settlers became farmers. Maciej Stryjkowski described German peasants near Rzeszów , Przemyśl , Sanok , and Jarosław as good farmers. Casimir

400-562: The synagogue where the men were made to dig large holes which were used as their communal graves. After the holes were dug, the men, women, and children were shot, with their bodies being tossed into these mass, communal graves. In April 1945, a pogrom took place in Kánczuga that targeted the few returning Holocaust survivors who gathered for a Passover Seder. During the Seder, 12 were killed by ethnic Polish perpetrators. For more details, see

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