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22-525: The village was first mentioned in 1272 as Francisci in a Latin document issued by Władysław of Opole which endowed the village of Rajsko , lying close to Pławy, to Herman Surnagel in order to resettle it under German law. The primordial name of the village Franciszowice evolved later into Pławy . Politically it belonged then to the Duchy of Opole and Racibórz and the Castellany of Oświęcim , which

44-606: A 1273 rebellion. Władysław failed to gain the Polish throne, nevertheless he could seize large Lesser Polish territories. He helped to free the young Silesian Duke Henry IV Probus from custody, whom his daughter ( Constance ?) married in 1280. Władysław further encouraged the Ostsiedlung establishing numerous towns like Bytom , Lędziny , Cieszyn , Pszów , Żory , Gliwice and Wodzisław , named after him. He also had to rebuild his residence Opole that had been devastated during

66-550: The General Government in the more eastern part of German-occupied Poland. Vacated buildings were partially demolished, and a subcamp of the Auschwitz concentration camp was established in the village. Men and women of various nationalities and ethnicities, initially mostly Polish , but later also Jewish , Russian , French , Yugoslav and German , were held in the subcamp as forced labour. On January 18, 1945,

88-458: The General Government in the more eastern part of German-occupied Poland. In 1944–1945, the Germans operated a subcamp of the Auschwitz concentration camp in the village. Hundreds of people, both men and women, incl. Jews , Poles and Russians , were subjected to forced labour in the subcamp. On January 18, 1945, the subcamp was evacuated during a death march to Wodzisław Śląski , and then

110-522: The Mongol invasion in 1241. Upon Władysław's death in 1281, his four sons again divided the duchy among themselves. In 1282 both the Duchies of Opole and Racibórz were recreated, with Opole assigned to Bolko , and Racibórz to Przemysław . Those entities which were further split in 1284 and 1290 created the Duchy of Bytom (assigned to Casimir ) and Duchy of Cieszyn (assigned to Mieszko ). In 1521

132-580: The Bearded , had to renounce his claims, whereby the centuries-long division of Upper and Lower Silesia was fixed. The dukes took their residence at the castellany of Opole . Mieszko's son Casimir I of Opole , Duke from 1211, invited German settlers immigrating to his duchy in the course of the Ostsiedlung , and granted German town law to settlements like Leśnica , Ujazd , Gościęcin , Biała and Olesno . As Casimir's successor Duke Mieszko II

154-761: The Duchy of Oświęcim was eventually incorporated directly into Poland in 1564 and formed the Silesian County in the Kraków Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province . Upon the First Partition of Poland in 1772 it was annexed by Austria , and made part of its newly formed Kingdom of Galicia . After World War I and the fall of Austria-Hungary it became again part of Poland , as the nation regained independence. Following

176-724: The Duchy was recreated due to actions of the last Silesian Piast , Jan II the Good . Jan however died without issue in 1532 and the Opole line of the Piasts became extinct, whereafter Opole and Racibórz as reverted fiefs were fully under the sovereignty of the Bohemian Crown . It would then fall to Margrave George of Brandenburg-Ansbach from the House of Hohenzollern , who had signed an inheritance treaty with Jan in 1522 and finally reached

198-577: The Fat was still a minor upon his father's death in 1230, the regency over his duchy was assumed by his uncle Henry I the Bearded, who thereby once again ruled over all Silesia. In 1233 Henry, then High Duke of Poland , granted Mieszko's younger brother Władysław the Greater Polish lands of Kalisz , which he had seized from Duke Władysław Odonic . However, Henry's plans to push off his nephews ultimately failed: when Mieszko II came of age he took over

220-648: The Good . After his heirless death the duchy fell to the Kingdom of Bohemia . It was briefly part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 17th century; eventually like most of the then mainly German-speaking province of Silesia it was annexed by Prussia after the First Silesian War in 1742. [[Category:States and territories disestablished in 1556]] The Duchy of Racibórz under Duke Mieszko Tanglefoot had been established in 1173 upon

242-732: The Imperial Duchy of Austria , not least to attack the neighbouring Moravian lands of Troppau . Nevertheless, King Ottokar prevailed and Władysław switched sides, fighting with his Silesian cousin Duke Henry III the White against King Béla at the 1260 Battle of Kressenbrunn . He also conspired with local nobles in the Polish Seniorate Province of Kraków against High Duke Bolesław V the Chaste resulting in

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264-468: The Kingdom of Poland in 1564 and made administratively part of the Silesian County in the Kraków Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province . With the First Partition of Poland in 1772 it was annexed by Austria , and made part of its newly formed Kingdom of Galicia . After World War I and the fall of Austria-Hungary it became again part of Poland , as the nation regained independence. Following

286-589: The joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland , which started World War II in September 1939, the village was occupied and annexed by Nazi Germany . In connection with the construction of the Auschwitz II-Birkenau death camp in nearby Brzezinka , in 1941, the occupiers expelled the entire Polish population of the village, which was initially deported to the nearby Pszczyna County , and afterwards either enslaved as forced labour or deported to

308-460: The joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland , which started World War II in September 1939, the village was occupied and annexed by Nazi Germany . In connection with the construction of the Auschwitz II-Birkenau death camp in nearby Brzezinka , in 1941, the occupiers expelled the entire Polish population of the village, which was initially deported to the nearby Pszczyna County , and afterwards either enslaved as forced labour or deported to

330-588: The partition of Silesia among the sons of Duke Władysław II the Exile . The bulk of the Silesian lands around Wrocław had passed to Mieszko's elder brother Duke Bolesław I the Tall , leaving the younger dissatisfied. After Bolesław had died in 1201, Mieszko occupied the Duchy of Opole, that had been created for his deceased nephew Jarosław , forming the united duchy of Opole and Racibórz. Bolesław's heir, Duke Henry I

352-406: The regional capital Kraków . The village was first mentioned in 1272 as Raysko in a Latin document when the village was bestowed by Władysław of Opole on Herman Surnagel in order to bring the settlement under German law. It belonged at that time to the Duchy of Opole and Racibórz and the Castellany of Oświęcim . Subsequently, during the process of the feudal fragmentation of Poland it

374-521: The rule of Opole-Racibórz, defying the claims raised by Henry's heir, High Duke Henry II the Pious . The Greater Polish territories were finally lost to Duke Przemysł I until 1249. In 1246 Mieszko II was succeeded by his brother Władysław, who began to interfere in European politics: at first he supported King Béla IV of Hungary in his conflict with King Ottokar II of Bohemia around the possession of

396-526: The subcamp was dissolved and the prisoners were sent on a death march towards Wodzisław Śląski , from which they were eventually deported to the Ravensbrück concentration camp in Germany. After the war, the village was restored to Poland. Duchy of Opole and Racib%C3%B3rz The Duchy of Opole and Racibórz ( Polish : Księstwo opolsko-raciborskie , German : Herzogtum Oppeln und Ratibor )

418-580: The surviving prisoners were deported to Germany. After the war, the village was restored to Poland. This Oświęcim County location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Rajsko, O%C5%9Bwi%C4%99cim County Rajsko [ˈrai̯skɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Oświęcim , within Oświęcim County , Lesser Poland Voivodeship , in southern Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south-west of Oświęcim and 55 km (34 mi) west of

440-549: Was absorbed in 1315 into the Duchy of Oświęcim , ruled by a branch of the Silesian Piast dynasty . In 1327 the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia . In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown , and in the accompanying document, issued on 21 February, the village was again mentioned as Raysko . The territory of the Duchy of Oświęcim was eventually incorporated directly into

462-414: Was in 1315 formed in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland into the Duchy of Oświęcim , ruled by a local branch of Silesian Piast dynasty . In 1327 the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia . In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown , and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the village was mentioned as Franczyschowicze . The territory of

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484-578: Was one of the numerous Duchies of Silesia ruled by the Silesian branch of the royal Polish Piast dynasty . It was formed in 1202 from the union of the Upper Silesian duchies of Opole and the Racibórz , in a rare exception to the continuing feudal fragmentation of the original Duchy of Silesia . In 1281 it was split again. In 1521 it was recreated by the last Silesian Piast, Duke Jan II

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