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35-508: The town is an economic and tourist centre of the Gemer . Rožňava is now a popular tourist attraction with a beautiful historic town centre. The town is an episcopal seat. It has above all food, textile and remnants of mining industries. Archaeological finds show that the region was densely settled by miners as early as around 1200. The first written mention stems from 1291, the royal free town status from 1410. The Roman Catholic diocese of Rozsnyó

70-1032: A never finished system of freely accessible railway tunnels and bridge in Slavošovce and in Manezitovce known as Gemerské spojky. There are many museums as well, the Mining Museum in Rožňava , Gemersko-Malohontské múzeum (Gemer-Malohont Museum) in Rimavská Sobota , Gömöri Múzeum in Putnok and Mining Expositions in Rákoš and in Nižná Slaná . Natural attractions of Gemer are National Park Muránska Planina, national protected reservation Zádielská tiesňava, known for its valley. Hikers visit Volovec-Skalisko hill above Betliar. A tourist destination, especially in spring,

105-429: Is 112 km (70 mi) from Banská Bystrica and 289 km (180 mi) from Bratislava. The district is also the site of former Czechoslovakia (now Radio Slovakia International , RSI) shortwave radio antenna tower facility, using a 250 kW transmitter to reach listening audiences as far away as North America. The towers and masts of the station have heights up to 171 metres. Rimavská Sobota's tourist industry

140-414: Is as yet largely undeveloped, due to a lack of infrastructure, although the area possesses natural, historical, and cultural potential. In 1910, 90% of the population was Hungarian, Slovaks made up the most significant ethnic minority with 7%. According to the 2001 census, there were 25,088 people living in the town, the majority being Slovaks (59.28%), with a significant minority of Hungarians (35.26%),

175-535: Is associated with three ethnic groups: Hungarians , Germans and Slovaks . After the emergence of the Kingdom of Hungary , Gömör became multi-ethnical. As part of settlement policies, many settlers from Germany came to work in mines in the Middle Ages. The names of some villages still refer to German colonization, i.e. Ochtiná (from bavarian ocht – eight ) . The number of Germans in the region decreased after

210-588: Is common in Gemer, that many villages and towns have several churches of different denominations. In recent years, the number of active believers has decreased significantly. Many parishes had been united and are being served by a single pastor. There are no longer regular masses in many churches in region. Despite its current poverty, because of its former wealth, Gömör has an interesting history, many historical monuments and authentic wild nature. In recent years, its popularity among tourists has been increasing, despite

245-657: Is situated in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County . In Hungary the name of Gömör is now preserved only in the name of a small village, Gömörszőlős , the Gömör Museum in Putnok , and in that of Gömöri station , the smaller railway station of Miskolc . In Slovakia it is still being commonly used, but only as informal name of the region without administrative independence. However, it is one of Slovak Regions of tourism, as Gemerský región cestovného ruchu (Gemer Tourist Region). Historically, Gömör and Kis-Hont

280-432: Is the village Brdárka known for its cherry orchards and Baroque church. Another tourist destination is Dobinšký kopec (Dobšiná Hill), which has views of Dobšiná town and is used for hillclimbing races. Rimavsk%C3%A1 Sobota Rimavská Sobota ( Slovak pronunciation: [ˈrimawskaː ˈsɔbɔta] ; Hungarian : Rimaszombat , German : Großsteffelsdorf ) is a town in southern Slovakia , in

315-695: The Andrássy family. Gömör played also important part in Slovak National Revival, as many Slovak intellectuals were born or living in the region. The first Slovak high school teaching in Slovak was opened in Nagyrőce in 1862. In 1920, by the Treaty of Trianon most of the county became part of newly formed Czechoslovakia , except 7.5% of its area around Putnok , which became temporarily part of

350-527: The Banská Bystrica Region , on the Rimava river. It has approximately 24,000 inhabitants. The town is a historical capital of Gömör és Kishont County (from 1850 to 1922). It is located around 280 kilometres (174 miles) east of the national capital Bratislava , around 110 km (68 mi) southeast of Banská Bystrica and 130 kilometres (81 miles) west of Košice . The town, along with

385-757: The Hungarian Soviet Republic came to the town in May 1919, but control reverted to Czechoslovakia in July 1919. After the First Vienna Award in 1938, the town belonged to Hungary to the end of 1944. During the Socialist Czechoslovakia, food industry developed here; for example, a sugar factory was established in 1966 and a meat processing plant in 1977. In 2024, archaeologists unearthed a medieval settlement spanning from

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420-846: The Krásna Hôrka Castle (closed due to reconstruction), Andrássy family mausoleum near Krásnohorské Podhradie and Muráň Castle , which is the third highest placed castle in Slovakia, known from many legends. Many tourists visit Gemer because of its caves. There are more than a thousand caves, which are part of UNESCO World Heritage as Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst . They may be visited in both Slovakia and Hungary. In recent times, more and more people visit Gemer because of its technical monuments. These include iron-mills in Nižná Slaná (Huta Etelka) and in Vlachovo (Huta Karol),

455-574: The Romanian 4th Army , acting as a part of the Soviet 2nd Ukrainian Front . On 13 September 2003, Rožňava was visited by Pope John Paul II . According to the 2001 census , the town had 19,261 inhabitants. 69.27% of inhabitants were Slovaks , 26.80% Hungarians , 1.59% Roma and 0.69% Czechs . The religious make-up was 41.08% Roman Catholics , 32.34% people with no religious affiliation, 12.03% Lutherans and 1.33% Greek Catholics . According to

490-593: The district lies in the Rimava river valley in the Slovenské rudohorie mountains, in the Southern Slovak Basin. There are two protected areas close to the town in the district, Cerová vrchovina to the south and Muránska planina National Park to the north. The town is composed of 11 parts/boroughs: Bakta, Dúžava, Kurinec, Mojín, Nižná Pokoradz, Rimavská Sobota, Sabová, Sobôtka, Včelinec, Vinice and Vyšná Pokoradz. The first traces of settlement in

525-468: The 11th century. A medieval town was probably founded in the second half of the 11th century and became a market town. The first written record about Rimavská Sobota was in 1268 as Rymoa Zumbota and belonged to the Archbishop of Kalocsa , who owned the land from 1150 to around 1340. In 1334 the ownership changed to Thomas Szécsényi from Transylvania. The town received a privilege charted in 1335 on

560-448: The 11th to the 13th centuries coexisting with remnants of Roman furnaces. The latter yielded a collection of over 150 artifacts. The town's main trade is agriculture and food processing. Agricultural production is aimed at animal production: beef-raising, sheep farming, and farming of permanent grass fields, meadows and pasture lands. Rimavská's hollow basin is an important agricultural area, where almost all crops can be grown, including

595-406: The 2021 census, its inhabitants were 70.36% Slovak, 18.77% Hungarian, 0.95% Roma and 0.36% Czech; the remaining 9.56% inhabitants were of other groups. Rožňava is twinned with: Gemer Gömör ( Slovak : Gemer , Hungarian : Gömör , German: Gemer or Gömör , Latin : Gömörinum ) was an administrative county ( comitatus ) of the Kingdom of Hungary . In the 19th century, and in

630-628: The Hungarian county of Borsod-Gömör-Kishont . After First Vienna Award in 1938, most of region became part of Hungary and the Gömör-Kishont County was recreated. This situation lasted until the end of the war, when First Vienna Award was reverted and 92.5% of the area became part of Czechoslovakia again. Nowadays, the Slovak part of Gemer and Malohont is situated in two Slovak administrative regions: Banská Bystrica Region and Košice Region . Hungarian part of former Gömör County

665-513: The basis of the Buda municipal law. In the first half of the 15th century, it was a small town, and economic development had begun, when the first guilds were established. However, it was interrupted by Turkish occupation, first in 1553–1593 and then in 1596–1686. It was centre of Filek sanjak firstly in Budin Eyalet , latterly Eğri Eyalet . The town was growing again in the 18th century, with

700-474: The beginning of the 20th century, it was united with the Kis-Hont County to form Gömör-Kishont County . Its territory is located in southern Slovakia and northern Hungary . Today names Gömör/Gemer are only an informal designation of the corresponding territory without administrative role. Gemer region is situated in Slovenské rudohorie approximately between the present-day Slovak-Hungarian border,

735-487: The fall of socialism and privatizations in 1990s. Mining still continues at some locations, but only in limited extent. Modern employers in the region include Slovenské Magnezitové Závody Jelšava and SLOVMAG Lubeník, which mine magnetite , paper mills SHP Slavošovce and producer of mineral water Gemerka. Nowadays, Gemer region is one of the poorest regions of Slovakia. Many young people leaves it for other regions of Slovakia or go to foreign countries. Historically, Gömör

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770-596: The guilds of tanners, weavers, shoe-makers and others being set up. It became a free privileged town in the 1790s. From 1850 to 1922 it was the capital of the Gömör-Kishont county. Industry started to develop in the 20th century, with a cannery being established in 1902. After the break-up of Austria-Hungary , the town was occupied by the Czechoslovak Legions in January 1919. However, the army of

805-721: The lack of infrastructure. Historical monuments in region include many medieval churches with Gothic frescoes, including the biggest rotunda in Central Europe in Süvete . Since most of the Gömör churches were in early modern period taken by Lutherans , who used to paint frescoes over by whitewash, much more frescoes was preserved in Gömör, than in other regions of Slovakia and of the entire former Kingdom of Hungary , at all. Gothic churches in Gemer are nowadays part of Gothic Route (Gotická Cesta), project of touristic route connecting

840-426: The more thermophilic ones, such as sugar beet, wheat, rye, vegetable, tobacco, vine, lucerne, and corn. Forest resources are under both state and private administration. The town also has electrotechnical, mechanical, and chemical businesses. All industrial companies were privatized during the Slovak economy transformation. The most important transport line goes through the southern part of the county. Rimavská Sobota

875-626: The most valuable medieval churches. In 2020, most valuable frescoes in 12 medieval churches in Gemer had been nominated for European Heritage Label . Probably the most popular historical monument in Gömör is the chateau in Betlér , monumental manor house of the Andrássy family. Today it is part of the Slovak National Museum . It is the only chateau in Slovakia with fully preserved original furniture and equipment. Other sights include

910-461: The time. However, in 20th century glory and wealth of the region gradually declined. This had several reasons. Ore deposits gradually emptied, and used technologies became obsolete. After the Treaty of Trianon , region which used to be near centre of country became periphery. In addition, mining companies, which had been already declining before the disintegration of Hungarian Kingdom suddenly gained new rivals from Bohemia . Another decline followed

945-544: The town's territory come from the Neolithic . Other archaeological discoveries are dated to the middle and late Bronze Age and Iron Age . Several tribes have passed through the area, including Celts , Germanic tribes and several others during the Migration Period . The Slavs settled here most likely in the 7th and 8th centuries. The old Hungarian tribes came at the beginning of the 10th century and settled in

980-694: The towns Poltár and Rožňava and the Low Tatras (Nízke Tatry). It borders traditional regions Spiš to the North, Abov to the East, Borsod to the South, Heves to the South-West, Novohrad to the west, and Zvolen and Liptov regions at North-West. The river Slaná (Sajó) flows through Gemer from North to the South. Gömör és Kishont County was covering area of 4,289 km in 1910. The capital of Gömör region

1015-507: The towns Tiszolc and Rimaszombat , called Kis-Hont was merged with Gemer from 1786 until 1790, and again in 1802. After that, it was called Gömör-Kishont. Southern parts of region were occupied and ruled by Ottomans between 1553 and 1686 as part of Sandjak of Novigrad ) and Sandjak of Holok) in Budin Eyalet and Uyvar eyalet . History of Gömör is connected with several noble families, including Ákos family, Bebek family , Csetnekyi family, Mariássy family, Koháry family, Coburg family and

1050-536: The war and after the expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia . Nowadays, Gemer is populated primarily by Slovaks (mainly Upper Gemer) and by Hungarians (notably Lower Gemer) and by Romani people. Most of villages and towns have Lutheran churches . It's a relic of German colonisation, as German inhabitants brought Lutheranism to Gemer from German schools. On the south, notably amongst Hungarian population prevails Calvinism of Reformed Christian Church . However, in some villages, Roman Catholic faith remained. It

1085-471: Was Rimaszombat ) during periods of 1554-1593 and 1596–1686. It was known as "Rojna" during Ottoman period. The name of the town probably derives from the German word for rose ( Rose, in the German name of the town "Rosenau" ). Until 1920 it was part of Gömör és Kishont County of the Kingdom of Hungary , and again from 1938 to 1945. During World War II , Rožňava was captured on 23 January 1945 by troops of

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1120-440: Was called "Iron Count". Gradually most of the mines and plants in the region were taken over by Rimamurány-Salgótarjáni Vasmű Részvénytársaság (Rimamurán-Salgotarján Ironworks Company). In that time, there was a massive development, mining colonies with quality housing for miners and administrative workers were built, and miners, despite hard work, had cultural and technological advantages that most of inhabitants did not yet have at

1155-434: Was founded in 1776. In the Middle Ages, Rozsnyó was a prosperous mining town for gold , silver , and iron . Mining activities stagnated from the 16th century (when territories to the south of the town were conquered by Ottoman Turks ). Mining - this time mainly of iron ore - was renewed around 1800 and was present in the town throughout the 20th century. It was ruled by Ottoman Empire as part of Filek sanjak (Its centre

1190-495: Was originally Gömör Castle , after which it was named, and from the early 18th century Pelsőc (Plešivec) town. After merging with Kis-Hont region, Rimaszombat (Rimavská Sobota) became new centre of region. Cultural centres of region include Rožňava , Rimavská Sobota and Revúca . Gömör is one of the oldest counties of the Kingdom of Hungary, and it was already mentioned in the 11th century. The territory approximately between

1225-777: Was very rich because of its rich mineral and ore deposits. Mining took place here yet in the Neolithic . Various minerals were mined here, including iron ores, copper or gold. Evidence of the region's past wealth is the number of mansions and palaces, and many preserved medieval churches with quality frescoes. Thanks to the wealth from mines, most villages in Gömör could already in Middle Ages afford to have their own stone church. In 14th Century many of them were decorated with frescoes by Italian masters and by their local disciples. Big credit on development of mining in Gömör in Late modern period had noble family Andrássy, notably count Manó Andrássy , who had built several ore mills, thanks to what he

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