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26-455: Starogard is the capital of Starogard County . It is also the second biggest city (after Tczew ) of the ethnocultural region Kociewie and is populated by Kociewians . Starogard Gdański is located in Pomerania on the small river Wierzyca, about 21 kilometres (13 miles) south-west of Tczew , 40 km (25 mi) south of Gdańsk and 67 km (42 mi) north-east of Chojnice . It

52-454: A neolithic settlement from four to five thousand years ago. The area became part of the emerging Polish state under its first ruler Mieszko I of Poland in the 10th century, and during the fragmentation period in Poland it was part of a Pomeranian duchy, which separated from Poland in 1227. Starogrod (as Starigrod) was first mentioned in 1198 when Duke Grzymisław II of Pomerania granted

78-411: Is Starogard Gdański , which lies 45 kilometres (28 mi) south of the regional capital Gdańsk . The county contains three other towns: Skarszewy , 13 km (8 mi) north-west of Starogard Gdański, Skórcz , 19 km (12 mi) south of Starogard Gdański, and Czarna Woda , 33 km (21 mi) south-west of Starogard Gdański. Starogard County is part of the area traditionally inhabited by

104-617: Is 50 km (31 mi) from the Tricity ( Polish : Trójmiasto ) agglomeration on the coast of Gdańsk Bay . The name Starogard means "old city" in the Pomeranian language . Gdański is appended in the 20th century to the name to differentiate it from other places named Starogard. The German name Preußisch Stargard (Prussian Stargard) was similarly used to disambiguate from other places named Stargard. ( See Stargard (disambiguation) ). Archeological evidence indicates remnants of

130-529: Is Slavic for old and gard which is Pomeranian language stands for town , city , fortified settlement . In this meaning, the term gard (also spelled as gôrd ) is still being used in the only surviving dialect of the Pomeranian, Kashubian language . The county came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town

156-456: Is a traditional sweet alcoholic drink similar to a liqueur , based on grain spirit (usually vodka ) and honey , popular in Lithuania and Poland . In Poland it is grouped in the nalewka category of alcoholic beverages. Mass-produced versions of krupnik consist of 40–50% (80–100 proof) alcohol, but traditional versions will use 80–100% grain alcohol as the base. Honey, usually clover honey,

182-450: Is bordered by Gdańsk County to the north, Tczew County to the east, Świecie County to the south, Tuchola County to the south-west, and Chojnice County and Kościerzyna County to the west. The county is subdivided into 13 gminas (three urban, one urban-rural and nine rural). These are listed in the following table, in descending order of population. Krupnik Krupnik ( Polish , Belarusian ) or Krupnikas ( Lithuanian )

208-493: Is diluted, boiled and strained before being added to a vodka base. It may be served hot, at room temperature or chilled. A specific sort of krupnik which contains more herbs and less honey is brewed by Karaims . "Krupnik" is also the brand name of a range of alcoholic beverages produced by the Belvédère company, including krupnik, vodka, and various nalewki . In 2014, Krupnik vodka was the eighth most popular vodka brand in

234-418: Is the main ingredient used to add sweetness, as well as up to 50 different herbs. There are many versions and some recipes have been passed down through generations; producers typically use their own recipes. At times, spicy seasonings and herbs are added for flavor. The brand of the honey and the ratio of seasonings are key factors which determine the final taste of krupnik. A mixture of the honey and spices

260-653: The Intelligenzaktion . Arrested Poles were then held both in the pre-war prison and the medieval Gdańsk Tower and often subjected to brutal beatings and mistreatment, especially clergymen, some of whom had even swastikas cut into their foreheads. Already in September 1939, the Germans murdered 150 Poles, including inhabitants of Starogard, Skórcz and Gdynia , in the city and its vicinity. Beginning in September 1939 in nearby Szpęgawski Forest (north-east of

286-571: The 2020 Olympic Games , currently resides in Starogard Gdański and holds basketball camps for the youth. Starogard Gdański is twinned with: Starogard County Starogard County ( Polish : powiat starogardzki , Kashubian : Starogarda kréj ) is a unit of territorial administration and local government ( powiat ) in Pomeranian Voivodeship , northern Poland . The name is a combination of two terms: stari which

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312-546: The Fall of Communism in the 1980s. The Jord-Just youth anti-communist resistance organization was established in Starogard in 1951 by 16-year-old girl Teresa Block. The organization was eventually crushed by the communists, who sentenced 17 teenage members to 1.5 to 9 years in prison. Note that the above table is based on primary, possibly biased, sources. The Polish National road 22 and Voivodeship road 222 pass through

338-474: The German Empire . In the same year, it was connected to the rail network and in 1900 a water and gas network was built in the city. At the beginning of the 20th century, the city had a Protestant church, a Catholic church, a synagogue, a grammar school, a preparatory institute, a district court, a Reichsbank branch, a main tax office and a number of commercial operations. According to the census of 1905,

364-555: The Great Emigration led through the city. In 1871, a large vodka distillery was built on the western end of city, which survived both world wars and today produces Sobieski and Krupnik . It is one of Europe's oldest continuously run vodka distilleries, and one of only a very small handful of vodka distilleries predating 1945. In 1871, with the Prussian-led unification of Germany , Preußisch Stargard became part of

390-743: The Kingdom of Poland upon the request of the Confederation, and the city recognized the King as the rightful ruler. In 1461 the Teutonic Knights took over Starogard, which was then eventually recaptured by Poland in July 1466. In the peace treaty signed in Toruń a few months later in 1466, the Teutonic Knights renounced any claims to the city, and recognized it as part of Poland. It became part of

416-491: The Kociewiacy ethnic group. The county covers an area of 1,345.28 square kilometres (519.4 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 127,676, out of which the population of Starogard Gdański is 47,775, that of Skarszewy is 6,994, that of Skórcz is 3,625, that of Czarna Woda is 2,786, and the rural population is 66,496. Starogard County on a map of the counties of Pomeranian Voivodeship Starogard County

442-501: The Pomeranian Voivodeship in the province of Royal Prussia in the larger Greater Poland Province . It remained under Polish rule until the First Partition of Poland in 1772, when it became part of the Kingdom of Prussia under the name Preußisch Stargard . The city was subjected to Germanisation policies. One of the main escape routes for insurgents of the unsuccessful Polish November Uprising from partitioned Poland to

468-590: The Second Polish Republic . In the interbellum it was a county seat administratively located in the Pomeranian Voivodeship of Poland. During the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland , which started World War II in September 1939, the city was invaded by Nazi Germany , and then the German Einsatzkommando 16 and SS Wachsturmbann "Eimann" entered the city to commit various crimes against Poles . Under German occupation ,

494-603: The 1308 Teutonic takeover of Gdańsk . In 1348 the town received city rights under Kulm Law by Grandmaster Heinrich Dusemer . Since 31 March 1440 Starogard was a member of the Prussian Confederation . It took an active part in the 1454 uprising against the Teutonic Order that led to the Thirteen Years' War (1454–66) . In 1454, Polish King Casimir IV Jagiellon re-incorporated the region to

520-696: The Stadion Miejski. The town was home to the Polish World Cup football player and Olympic Gold Medal winner Kazimierz Deyna . Deyna grew up in Starogard Gdański, and the local Stadion Miejski im. Kazimierza Deyny is named after him. There is also a statue to him in the seating area of the ground, and a heritage trail through the town which takes in his birthplace, family home and murals to the sportsman. Starogard Gdański also boasted Olympic bronze medal winner Oktawia Nowacka . Michael Hicks , an Olympian that represents Poland in 3x3 Basketball at

546-421: The city was annexed into the newly formed Regierungsbezirk Danzig in the new province of Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia . The Polish population was subjected to mass arrests, imprisonment, tortures, massacres, expulsions , deportations to concentration camps and to forced labour . The Germans immediately carried out mass arrests of Polish teachers, priests and local activists in the town and county as part of

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572-558: The city) Germans killed in mass executions about 7,000 Poles , among them 1,680 Kocborowo (district of Starogard) and Świecie psychiatric hospitals patients. About 500 handicapped children were killed in the hospital, in Action T4 . 2,842 patients died between 1940 and 1944. Polish hospital staff was either murdered in the Szpęgawski Forest or deported to concentration camps or to forced labour to Germany. A local parish priest

598-627: The city, and the A1 motorway runs nearby, east of the city. There is a train station in Starogard. The town's most notable sports club is basketball team SKS Starogard Gdański , which plays in the Polish Basketball League (Poland's top division), Polish Cup winners in 2011, and runners-up in 2006. The local football club is KP Starogard Gdański , and it competes in the III liga (Polish fourth tier). The team plays in green and white at

624-641: The settlement to the Knights Hospitaller . The Slavic name Stargarde was mentioned in 1269. In 1282, Mestwin II and Polish Duke Przemysł II signed the Treaty of Kępno , which transferred the suzerainty over Gdańsk Pomerania including Starogard to Przemysł II and reunited the region with Poland. Together with the rest of Gdańsk Pomerania it came under the rule of the Teutonic Knights during

650-788: The town had a population of 10,485, of which 6,297 (60.1%) were Germans . In 1906–1907, local Polish children joined the children school strikes against Germanisation that spread throughout the Prussian Partition of Poland. Until 1920, the city belonged to the Preußisch Stargard district in Regierungsbezirk Danzig in the Province of West Prussia in Germany . After World War I , it was reincorporated into Poland, which had just regained independence as

676-678: Was murdered in a massacre of around 230 Poles in Płutowo . The Germans also established and operated a subcamp of the Stutthof concentration camp in the town. Despite such circumstances, Poles still organized an underground resistance movement , including the Home Army and Jaszczurka organizations. In 1945 the German occupation ended and the town was restored to Poland, however with a Soviet -installed communist regime, which remained in power until

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